Volker Bühler

Generic Drug Formulations

Fine Chemicals
(2nd edition 1998)

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1 Introduction
1.1 Preface Select the required formulation in
the following list of all formulati-
A selection of about 500 formulations ons by clicking with the cursor.
of human and veterinary drugs are
presented in this booklet. They have
all been developed in the last 20
years in the Applications Laboratories
of BASF AG and are in solid, liquid,
and semi-solid form. However, em-
phasis is placed on tablets. Human
and veterinary medicines have not
been dealt with in separate chapters,
because the technologies and exci-
pients are the same.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1997
1.2 List of all formulations aranged alphabetically

A Aluminium Acetylsalicylate Tablets

(250 mg)
Aceclofenac Gel-Cream (1.5 %) Aluminium Hydroxide + Magnesium
Aceclofenac Instant Granules (1.3 %) Carbonate Dry Syrup
Acetaminophen see Paracetamol Aluminium hydroxide + Magnesium
Acetylsalicylic Acid + Paracetamol carbonate/oxide + Simethicone
+ Caffeine Tablets Tablets (150 mg + 250 mg + 90 mg)
(250 mg + 250 mg + 50 mg) Aluminium Hydroxide + Magnesium
Acetylsalicylic Acid + Paracetamol Hydroxide + Simethicone
+ Caffeine Tablets Suspension (8 % + 8 % + 0.8 %)
(400 mg + 100 mg + 30 mg) Aluminium Hydroxide + Magnesium
Acetylsalicylic Acid + Paracetamol Hydroxide Chewable Tablets
Tablets (250 mg + 250 mg) (200 mg + 200 mg)
Acetylsalicylic Acid + Vitamin C Tablets Aluminium Hydroxide + Magnesium
(325 mg + 250 mg) Hydroxide Suspension (4 % + 4 %)
Acetylsalicylic Acid Tablets (400 mg) Aluminium Hydroxide + Magnesium
Acetylsalicylic Acid Tablets (500 mg) Silicate Chewable Tablets
Acyclovir Oral Suspension (2 %) Ambroxol Tablets (30 mg)
Albendazole Dry Syrup or Instant Aminophylline Tablets (90 mg)
Granules (200 mg) Aminophylline Tablets (100 mg), I
Albendazole Tablets (100 mg) Aminophylline Tablets (100 mg), II
Alginic Acid + Aluminium Hydroxide + Amitryptylline Tablets
Magnesium Silicate Tablets (10 mg and 25 mg)
(500 mg + 100 mg + 25 mg) Amoxicillin Dry Syrup (5 %)
Aloe Vera Gel Amoxicillin Lyophylisate for Injection
Alpha-Bisabolol (250 mg)
Aqueous Mouth Wash Solution Amoxicillin Tablets (125 mg)
(0.2 %) Ampicillin + Cloxacillin Oily
Alpha-Bisabolol Buccal or Topical Suspension (1.5 % + 4.0 %)
Solution (0.1%) Ampicillin Dry Syrup (5 %)
Alpha-Bisabolol Ethanolic Mouth Ampicillin Tablets (250 mg)
Wash Solution (1%) Ampicillin Tablets (500 mg)
Alpha-Bisabolol Mouth Wash Solution Anise Oil Solution (1%)
(0.5 %) Ascorbic acid see Vitamin C
Alpha-Methyldopa Tablet Cores Asparagus Extract + Parsley Extract
(250 mg), DC Tablets (200 mg + 200 mg)
Alpha-Methyldopa Tablet Cores Aspartame Effervescent Tablets
(250 mg), WG (20 mg)
Alpha-Methyldopa Tablets Aspartame Tablets (25 mg), DC
(500 mg), DC Aspartame Tablets (25 mg), WG
Alpha-Methyldopa Tablets Atenolol Tablets (90 mg)
(500 mg), WG Azithromycin Dry Syrup
Alprazolam Tablets (0.5 mg) (500 mg/10 ml)

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formations 1998
Azithromycin Suspension C
(500 mg/10 ml)
Azulene solution (1%) Calcium Carbonate Tablets (500 mg)
Calcium Effervescent Tablets
B (250 mg)
Calcium Gluconate Tablets (350 mg)
Barium Sulfate Oral Suspension (23 %) Calcium Glycerophosphate Tablets
Basic Cream for Different Active (200 mg)
Ingredients Calcium Glycerophosphate Tablets
Benzhexol Tablets (5 mg) (500 mg)
Benzoyl Peroxide + Alpha-Bisabolol Calcium Pantothenate see Vitamin B 5
Gel (5.0 % + 0.2 %) Calcium Phosphate Tablets for Cats
Benzyl Benzoate Solution (10 %) and Dogs (400 mg)
Benzylpenicilline + Dihydrostrepto- Captopril Tablets (25 mg)
mycin Injectable Suspension Carbamazepine Tablets (200 mg)
(200,000 units + 200 mg/ml) Carbonyl Iron + Manganese Sulfate +
Berberine Tablets (5 mg) Copper Sulfate Tablets
Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + (24 mg + 3.5 mg + 0.16 mg)
Vitamin E Chewable Tablets Carnitine + Coenzym Q Solution
(10 mg + 500 mg + 250 mg) (4.0 % + 0.1%)
Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin Caroate Dispersible Cleaning Tablets
E Tablets (880 mg)
(6 mg + 100 mg + 30 mg) Caroate Effervescent Cleaning Tablets
Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin (650 mg)
E Tablets Charcoal Tablets (250 mg)
(7 mg + 60 mg + 15 mg) Chloramphenicol
Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin Ophthalmic Solution (3 %)
E Tablets Chloramphenicol Palmitate Oral or
(12 mg + 250 mg + 125 mg) Topical Emulsion
Beta Carotene Effervescent Tablets (2.5 % = 250 mg/10 ml)
(7 mg) Chloramphenicol Palmitate Oral or
Beta Carotene Tablets (15 mg) Topical Emulsion
Beta Carotene Tablets (20 mg) (5.0 % = 500 mg/10 ml)
Betamethasone + Neomycin Gel- Chlorhexidine Gel (2 %)
Cream (0.1% + 0.6 %) Chlorhexidine Lozenges (5 mg)
Betamethasone Cream (0.1%) Chloroquine Tablets (250 mg)
Betamethasone Gel (0.1%) Choline Theophyllinate Tablets (100 mg)
Bifonazole Cream (1%) Chymotrypsine Tablets (27 mg)
Bran Tablets (250 mg), DC Cimetidine Tablets (200 mg)
Bran Tablets (250 mg), WG Cimetidine Tablets (280 mg)
Bromhexine Tablets (8mg) Cimetidine Tablets (400 mg)
Bromocriptine Tablet Cores (6 mg) Clenbuterol Tablets (20 µg)
Clobazam Tablets (10 mg)
Clomifen Tablets (50 mg)
Closantel Veterinary Injectable
Solution (12 – 20 g/100 ml)
Clotrimazol Topical Solution (3 %)

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
Clotrimazole Cream (1%) Ferrous Sulfate Tablets (200 mg)
Crospovidone Effervescent Tablets Fir Needle Oil Solution (3 %)
(1000 mg) Folic Acid Tablets (5 mg)
Crospovidone Water Dispersible Fucidine Tablet Cores (125 mg)
Tablets (1000 mg) Furaltadone Injectable Solution
Cyanocobalamin see Vitamin B 12 (50 mg/ml)
Cyproheptadine Tablet (4 mg) Furosemide Tablets (40 mg)
Furosemide Tablets (200 mg)
D
G
Dexpanthenol Gel-Cream (5 %)
Diazepam Injectable Solution Garlic Tablets Cores (100 mg)
(2.5 mg/ml) Glibenclamide Tablets (5 mg)
Diazepam Tablet (10 mg) Glutaminic Acid Tablets (550 mg)
Diclofenac Gel (1%) Gramicidin Ophthalmic Solution
Diclofenac Gel-Cream (1%) (1.3 mg/10 ml)
Diclofenac Injectable Solution Griseofulvin Tablets (125 mg)
(75 mg/3 ml) Griseofulvin Tablets (500 mg)
Diclofenac Oral Solution (1.5 %)
Diclofenac Tablet Cores (50 mg) H
Diclofenac Tablets (50 mg)
Diltiazem Tablets (50 mg) Heparin Gel (30,000 i.u./100 g)
Dimenhydrinate Tablet Cores Horsetail Extract Tablets (450 mg)
(100 mg) Hydrochlorothiazide + Potassium
Dimenhydrinate Tablets (50 mg) Chloride Tablet Cores
(50 mg + 300 mg)
E Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets
(50 mg), DC
Enteric Film Coating Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets
Ephedrine Tablets (100 mg) (50 mg), WG
Erythromycin Gel (1%) Hydrocortisone Aqueous Gels (1%)
Ethambutol Tablets (400 mg), DC Hydrocortisone Cream (1%)
Ethambutol Tablets (400 mg), WG Hydrocortisone Ethanolic Gel (0.5 %)
Ethambutol Tablets (800 mg)
Etophylline + Theophylline Tablets I
(100 mg + 22 mg), DC
Etophylline + Theophylline Tablets Ibuprofen Gel-Cream (5 %)
(100 mg + 22 mg), WG Ibuprofen Gels (5 %)
Eucalyptol Solution (8 %) Ibuprofen Solution (2 %)
Ibuprofen Suspension
F (4 % = 400 mg/10 ml), I
Ibuprofen Suspension
Famotidine Tablets (40 mg) (4 % = 400 mg/10 ml), II
Ferrous Fumarate Tablets (200 mg) Ibuprofen Tablets (400 mg), DC
Ferrous Sulfate + Manganese Sulfate Ibuprofen Tablets (400 mg), WG
+ Copper Sulfate Tablets Ibuprofen Tablets for Children
(65 mg + 3.5 mg + 0.16 mg) (150 mg)

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
Indomethacin Gel (1%), I Methyl Cysteine Tablets (100 mg)
Indomethacin Gel (1%), II Methyl Salicylate + Menthol Gel
Indomethacin Powder for Hard (11% + 5 %)
Gelatin Capsules (160 mg) Metoclopramide Tablets (10 mg)
Indomethacin Suppositories (50 mg) Metronidazole Effervescent Vaginal
Indomethacin Tablets (50 mg), DC Tablets (500 mg)
Indomethacin Tablets (50 mg), WG Metronidazole Injectable Solution
Indomethacin Tablets (100 mg) (500 mg/10 ml)
Inosin Tablet Cores (200 mg) Metronidazole Tablet Cores (400 mg)
Isosorbide Dinitrate Tablets (5 mg) Metronidazole Tablets (200 mg)
Metronidazole Tablets (500 mg)
K Metronidazole Vaginal Gel (1.2 %)
Miconazole Cream (2 %)
Khellin Tablets (25 mg) Miconazole Injectable Solution (1%)
Miconazole Mouth Gel (2 %)
L Mint Mouth Wash Solutions
Mint Oil Solution (3.5 %)
Levamisole Tablets (150 mg) Multivitamin + Calcium + Iron + Tablets
Levothyroxine Tablets (0.05 g) Multivitamin + Calcium Syrup
Lidocain Gel (2 %) Multivitamin + Carbonyl Iron Tablets
Lidocain Gel-Cream (5 %) Multivitamin + Minerals Tablets with
Lisinopril Tablets (10 mg) Beta Carotene
Multivitamin Chewable Tablets for
M Children
Multivitamin Drops
Magaldrate Chewable Tablets Multivitamin Effervescent Granules
(500 mg) Multivitamin Effervescent Tablets
Magaldrate Dispersible Tablets with Beta Carotene (Food)
(700 mg) Multivitamin Effervescent Tablets (I)
Magaldrate Instant Powder or Dry Multivitamin Effervescent Tablets (II)
Syrup Multivitamin Injectable for
Magaldrate Suspension (10 %) Veterinary Application
Magnesium Carbonate Tablets Multivitamin Instant Granules
(260 mg) Multivitamin Oral Gel (vet.)
Mebendazol Tablets (100 mg) Multivitamin Oral Gel with Linoleic
Mebendazole Suspension Acid and Linolenic Acid
(2 % = 200 mg/10 ml) Multivitamin Syrup, I
Mefenamic Acid Tablets (250 mg) Multivitamin Syrup, II
Meprobamate + Phenobarbital Multivitamin Tablets (I)
Tablets (400 mg + 30 mg), DC Multivitamin Tablets (II)
Meprobamate + Phenobarbital Multivitamin Tablet Cores with
Tablets (400 mg + 30 mg), WG Beta-Carotene
Meprobamate Tablets (400 mg), DC Multivitamin Tablets for Dogs
Meprobamate Tablets (400 mg), WG Multivitamin Tablets with Beta
Metamizol Tablets (500 mg) Carotene
Metformin Tablets (500 mg) Multivitamin Two Chamber Ampules

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
 N Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) +
Norephedrine + Phenyltoloxamine
Nalidixic Acid Tablets (500 mg) Tablets (300 mg + 25 mg + 22 mg)
Naproxen Tablets (250 mg) Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) +
Naproxen Tablets (450 mg) Phenprobamat Tablets
Neomycin Gel (0.05 %) (200 mg + 200 mg)
Neomycin Tablets (250 mg) Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen)
Nicotinic Acid Tablets (200 mg) Chewable Tablets (300 mg)
Nicotinamide see Vitamin B 3 Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen)
Nifedipine Tablet Cores (10 mg) Effervescent Tablets (500 mg)
Nitrendipine Tablets (25 mg) Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen)
Nitrofurantoin Tablet Cores (100 mg) Instant Granules (500 mg)
Nitrofurantoin Tablets (100 mg) Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen)
Norephedrine Syrup (40 mg/10 g) Suppositories (150 mg and 500 mg)
Nystatin Suspension (100,000 i.u./ml) Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen)
Nystatin Tabet Cores (200 mg) Suspension (5 % = 500 mg/10 ml)
Nystatin Tablets (50 mg and 100 mg) Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen)
Syrup (5 % = 500 mg/10 g)
O Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen)
Syrup for Children
Omega Fatty Acids Tablet Cores (2.5 % = 250 mg/10 ml)
(10 mg EPA + DNA) Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen)
Oxytetracycline Injectable Solution for Tablet Cores (500 mg)
Veterinary Application Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen)
(500 mg/10 ml) Tablets (500 mg)
Oxytetracycline Sustained Release Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen)
Injectable for Veterinary Application Tablets for Children (200 mg)
(2.2 g/10 ml) Phendimetrazin Tablets (35 mg)
Oxytetracycline Tablets (250 mg) Phenindion Tablets (50 mg)
Phenolphthalein Tablet Cores (200 mg)
P Phenytoin Oral Suspension (5 %)
Phenytoin Sodium Tablets (100 mg),
Pancreatin Tablet Cores (30 mg) DC
Pancreatin Tablet Cores (130 mg) Phenytoin Sodium Tablets (100 mg),
Pancreatin Tablet Cores (300 mg) WG
Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) + Phenytoin Tablets (100 mg)
Caffeine Tablets (500 mg + 50 mg) Piroxicam + Dexpanthenol Gel
Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) + (0.5 % + 5.0 %)
Doxylamine + Caffeine Effervescent Piroxicam Water Dispersible Tablets
Granules (20 mg)
(500 mg + 5 mg + 33 mg/2.1 g) Placebo Tablets
Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) Polidocanol Wound Spray
Instant Granules Povidone-Iodine + Lidocain Gel (10 %)
(250 mg or 500 mg) Povidone-Iodine Bar Soap (5 %)
Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) + Povidone-Iodine Bar Soaps (5 %)
Ibuprofen + Orphenadin Tablets Povidone-Iodine Concentrates for
(250 mg + 200 mg + 100 mg) Broilers and Cattles (20 %)

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
Povidone-Iodine Cream (10 %) Probenecid Tablets (500 mg)
Povidone-Iodine Effervescent Vaginal Procain Penicillin Injectable
Tablets (350 mg) Suspension (300 mg/ml)
Povidone-Iodine Foam Spray (10 %) Propanidide Injectable Solution
Povidone-Iodine Gargle Solution (50 mg/ml)
Concentrate (10 %) Propranolol Hydrochloride Tablets
Povidone-Iodine Gel-Cream (10 %) (10 mg, 50 mg and 100 mg)
Povidone-Iodine Gels (10 %) Propranolol Tablets Cores (40 mg)
Povidone-Iodine Glucose Ointment Protective Film Coating with
(2.5 %( Ethylcellulose + Kollidon VA 64
Povidone-Iodine Lipstick or After Protective Film Coating with HPC
Shave Stick (10 %) + Kollidon VA 64
Povidone-Iodine Liquid Spray (10 %) Protective Film Coating with HPMC
Povidone-Iodine Lozenges (5 mg) + Kollidon VA 64
Povidone-Iodine Mastitis Cream (10 %) Protective Film Coating with Kollidon
Povidone-Iodine Mouth Wash and VA 64
Gargle Solution Concentrate Protecitive Filmcoating with Polyvinyl
(7.5 %) Alcohol + Kollidon VA 64
Povidone-Iodine Ophthalmic Protective Film Coating with Shellac
Solutions (0.4 %) + Kollidon 30
Povidone-Iodine Ophthalmic Pseudoephedrine Tablets (60 mg)
Solutions (1.0 %) Pyrazinamide Tablets (500 mg), DC
Povidone-Iodine Powder Spray Pyrazinamide Tablets (500 mg), WG
Povidone-Iodine Pump Spray (1%) Pyridoxine see Vitamin B 6
Povidone-Iodine Seamless Solutions
(10 %) R
Povidone-Iodine Shampoo (7.5 %)
Povidone-Iodine Soft Gel (1%) Ranitidine Tablet Cores (150 mg)
Povidone-Iodine Solution (10 %), I Ranitidine Tablet Cores (300 mg)
Povidone-Iodine Solution (10 %), II Riboflavin see Vitamin B 2
Povidone-Iodine Surgical Scrubs Rifampicin Tablets (450 mg)
(7.5 %), I
Povidone-Iodine Surgical Scrubs S
(7.5 %), II
Povidone-Iodine Teat-Dip Solution Saccharin Effervescent Tablets
(3 %) (15 mg)
Povidone-Iodine Transparent Saccharin Tablets (15 mg)
Ointment (10 %) Selegiline Tablets (5 mg)
Povidone-Iodine Vaginal Douche Serratio Peptidase Tablets (10 mg)
Concentrate (10 %) Silimarin Tablets (35 mg)
Povidone-Iodine Vaginal Ovula (5 %) Simethicone Chewable Tablets
Povidone-Iodine Vaginal Ovula (10 %) (70 mg)
Povidone-Iodine Viscous Solution Simethicone Chewable Tablets
(1%) (80 mg)
Prazosin Tablets (5 mg) Simethicone Instant Granules (6 %)
Prednisolone Tablets (20 mg) Sobrerol Injectable Solution
Prednisone Tablets (10 mg) (75 mg/5 ml)

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
Sodium Fluoride Tablets (0.5 mg) Tetracycline Tablets (250 mg)
Sodium Fluoride Tablets (1.3 mg) Tetrazepam Tablets (50 mg)
Spironolactone Tablets (25 mg) Theophylline + Ephedrine Tablets
Spirulina Extract Chewable Tablets (130 mg + 15 mg)
(250 mg) Theophylline Tablets (100 mg)
Subcoating of tablets Cores Theophylline Injectable Solution
Sucralfate Tablets (500 mg) (200 mg/5 ml)
Sugar Coating, automatic Thiamine see Vitamin B 1
Sugar Coating, manual Tretinoin + Alpha Bisabolol Gel
Sugar Film Coating (50 mg + 100 mg/100 g)
Sulfadiazine + Trimethoprim Tretinoin + Dexpanthenol Gel
Veterinary Oral Suspension (50 mg + 2.5 g/100 g)
(40 % + 8 %) Tretinoin Cream (50 mg/100 g)
Sulfadiazine Tablets (450 mg) Tretinoin Gel (50 mg/100 g)
Sulfadimethoxine Veterinary Injectable Tretinoin Solution (50 mg/100 g)
Solution (250 mg/10 ml) Triamcinolone Tablets (4 mg)
Sulfadimidine Tablets (500 mg) Trifluoperazine Tablets (5 mg)
Sulfadoxine + Trimethoprim Veterinary Trihexylphenidyl see Benzhexol
Injectable Solution
(1000 mg + 200 mg/10 ml) U
Sulfadoxine Solution (2 % = 20 mg/ml)
Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim Ultrasonic Adhesive Gel
Tablets (400 mg + 80 mg)
Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim Dry V
Syrup (400 mg + 80 g/10 ml)
Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim Valeriana Extract + Passiflora Extract
Oral Suspension Tablet Cores (44 mg + 30 mg)
(400 mg + 80 mg/5 ml) Valproate Sodium Tablets (500 mg)
Sulfamoxole + Trimethoprim Verapamil Tablets (120 mg)
Veterinary Injectable Solution Vitamin A + Vitamin B 6 + Vitamin E
(400 mg + 80 mg/10 ml) Tablets (40,000 i.u. + 40 mg
Sulfathiazole Tablets (250 mg) + 35 mg)
Sulfathiazole Veterinary Injectable Vitamin A + Vitamin C + Vitamin D 3
Solution (8 mg/ml) Chewable Tablets for Children
Sulfathiazole Veterinary Oral Solution (2,000 i.u. + 30 mg + 200 i.u.)
(8 mg/ml) Vitamin A + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
Tablets (1,200 i.u. + 60 mg +
T 30 mg)
Vitamin A + Vitamin D 3 + Calcium +
Tannin-Crospovidone Complex Magnesium Injectable Solution
Tablets (55 mg + 230 mg) (33,000 i.u. + 6,000 i. u. +
Terazosin Tablets (1 mg and 5 mg) 100 mg + 200 mg/g)
Terfenadine Suspension Vitamin A + Vitamin D 3 + Vitamin E +
(60 mg/5 ml = 1.2 %) Beta Carotene Veterinary Injectable
Terfenadine Tablets (60 mg) Solution (100,000 i.u. + 20,000 i.u.
Tetracycline Tablets (125 mg) + 10 mg + 8 mg/g)

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
Vitamin A + Vitamin D 3 + Vitamin E Vitamin A Chewable Tablets
Aqueous Injectable Emulsion for (100,000 i.u.)
Cattles (500,000 i.u. + 75,000 i.u. Vitamin A Concentrate, Water-miscible
+ 50 mg/ml with Solutol HS 15) (100,000 i. u./ml)
Vitamin A + Vitamin D 3 + Vitamin E Vitamin A Drops (50,000 i. u./ml)
Aqueous Injectable Emulsion for Vitamin A Ethanolic Veterinary
Cattles (500,000 i.u. + 75,000 i.u. Injectable Solution (500,000 i.u./ml)
+ 50 mg/ml with Cremophor EL) Vitamin A Suppositories (150,000 i.u.)
Vitamin A + Vitamin D 3 + Vitamin E Vitamin A Tablet Cores (50,000 i.u.)
Concentrates, Water-miscible Vitamin A Tablets (25,000 i.u.)
(120,000 i.u. + 60,000 i.u. + Vitamin A Tablets (50,000 i.u.)
40 mg/ml) Vitamin B Complex + Amino Acid +
Vitamin A + Vitamin D 3 + Vitamin E Magnesium Effervescent Granules
Injectable Solution in Organic Vitamin B Complex + Carnitine Tablet
Solvents for Cattles (500,000 i.u. Cores
+ 75,000 i.u. + 50 mg/ml) Vitamin B Complex + Minerals +
Vitamin A + Vitamin D 3 + Vitamin E Linoleic/Linolenic Acid Syrup
Veterinary Injectable Solution Vitamin B Complex + Vitamin C +
(100,000 i.u. + 20,000 i.u. Calcium Effervescent Tablets
+ 10 mg/g) Vitamin B Complex + Vitamin C +
Vitamin A + Vitamin D 3 Concentrate, Ferrous Sulfate Tablets
Water-miscible (100,000 i. u. Vitamin B Complex + Vitamin C
+ 20,000 i. u./ml) Effervescent Tablets
Vitamin A + Vitamin D 3 Concentrate, Vitamin B Complex + Vitamin C
Water-miscible (120,000 i. u. Instant Granules
+ 12,000 i.u./g) Vitamin B Complex + Vitamin C
Vitamin A + Vitamin D 3 Drops Syrup, I
(30,000 i.u. + 3,000 i.u./g) Vitamin B Complex + Vitamin C
Vitamin A + Vitamin D 3 Injectable Syrup, II
Solutions (30,000 i.u. + 5,000 or Vitamin B Complex + Vitamin C
10,000 i.u./ml) Tablets
Vitamin A + Vitamin D 3 Oral Solution Vitamin B Complex Injectable Solution
for Children (1,000 i.u. + 100 i.u./ml) Vitamin B Complex Syrup
Vitamin A + Vitamin D 3 Syrup Vitamin B Complex Tablets I
(30,000 i.u. + 10,000 i.u./ml) Vitamin B Complex Tablets II
Vitamin A + Vitamin E Chewable Vitamin B 1 + Caffeine Tablets
Tablets (30,000 i.u. + 35 mg) (500 mg + 100 mg)
Vitamin A + Vitamin E Drops Vitamin B 1 + Vitamin B 2 + Vitamin B 3
(25,000 i. u. + 50 mg/ml) + Vitamin B6 Injectable Solution
Vitamin A + Vitamin E Drops (100 mg + 6 mg + 40 mg + 4 mg/2
(5,000 i.u. + 50 mg/ml) ml)
Vitamin A + Vitamin E Injectable Vitamin B 1 + Vitamin B 6 + Vitamin B 12
Solution for Sheeps (250,000 i.u. Tablets (100 mg + 10 mg + 100 µg)
+ 25 mg/ml) Vitamin B 1 + Vitamin B 6 + Vitamin B 12
Vitamin A + Vitamin E Tablets Tablets
(33,000 i.u. + 70 mg) (100 mg + 200 mg + 100 µg)

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
Vitamin B 1 + Vitamin B 6 + Vitamin B12 Vitamin C Tablets (200 mg)
Tablets (250 mg + 250 mg + 1 mg) Vitamin C Tablets (250 mg)
Vitamin B 1 Tablets (50 mg), I Vitamin C Tablets (400 mg)
Vitamin B 1 Tablets (50 mg), II Vitamin E + Benzocaine Solution
Vitamin B 1 Tablets (100 mg), DC (5 % + 2 %)
Vitamin B 1 Tablets (100 mg), WG Vitamin E + Selenium Veterinary
Vitamin B 1 Tablets (300 mg) Injectable Solution
Vitamin B 12 Tablets, Coloured (50 µg) (60 mg E + 3 mg Se/ml)
Vitamin B 2 Tablets (3 mg) Vitamin E Chewable Tablets (100 mg)
Vitamin B 2 Tablets (10 mg) Vitamin E Chewable Tablets (150 mg)
Vitamin B 2 Tablets (75 mg) Vitamin E Chewable Tablets (200 mg)
Vitamin B 2 Tablets (100 mg) Vitamin E Chewable Tablets (400 mg)
Vitamin B 2 Tablets (150 mg) Vitamin E Concentrate, Water-miscible
Vitamin B 3 (Nicotinamide) Tablets (10 % = 100 mg/ml)
(300 mg) Vitamin E Drops (50 mg/ml)
Vitamin B 5 (Calcium D-Pantothenate) Vitamin E Gel-Cream (10 %)
Chewable Tablets (600 mg) Vitamin E Solution with Ethanol
Vitamin B 5 (Calcium D-Pantothenate) (0.01% = 1 mg/10 ml)
Tablets (100 mg) Vitamin E Tablets (50 mg)
Vitamin B 5 (Calcium D-Pantothenate) Vitamin K 1 Phytomenadion) Injectable
Tablets (280 mg) Solution (10 mg and 20 mg/ml)
Vitamin B 5 (Calcium D-Pantothenate)
Tablets (300 mg)
Vitamin B 6 Tablets (40 mg), DC
Vitamin B 6 Tablets (40 mg), WG
Vitamin B 6 Tablets (100 mg)
Vitamin B 6 Tablets (250mg)
Vitamin B 6 Tablets (300 mg)
Vitamin C + Calcium Carbonate
Effervescent Tablets
(500 mg + 300 mg)
Vitamin C + Vitamin E Lozenges
(100 mg + 50 mg)
Vitamin C Chewable Tablets
(100 mg, 500 mg, 1,000 mg)
Vitamin C Chewable Tablets (500 mg)
Vitamin C Chewable Tablets with
Dextrose (100 mg)
Vitamin C Chewable Tablets with
Fructose (120 mg)
Vitamin C Chewable Tablets with
Sucrose (500 mg)
Vitamin C Effervescent Tablets
(100 mg and 1000 mg)
Vitamin C Effervescent Tablets
(500 mg)
Vitamin C Tablets (100 mg)

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
1.3 Size and optimization of the 1.5 Excipients
formulations
As far as possible, the manufacturer’s
All the formulations were developed name and the registered trademark
exclusively on a laboratory scale of are given for excipients.
the order of 1 kg maximum. For this The excipients mostly used in the for-
reason, scale-up for production must mulations and their suppliers are list-
therefore be checked and revised, as ed in Table 1. The serial numbers in
necessary. the left-hand column of this table are
quoted in the formulations.
It is only in very exceptional cases
that the formulations have been opti-
mized by a systematic study involving
a comparison between different exci-
pients or by varying the amounts of
excipients. Thus, the formulations are
merely suggestions that require fur-
ther optimization.

1.4 Active substances

The active substances are almost ex-

clusively generic. They were mostly
supplied free of charge as samples by
pharmaceutical companies. Since the
manufacturer’s name was mostly not
mentioned, it unfortunately cannot be
listed here.

Significant differences in the proper-

ties of the preparations may occur if
the same active substance is used,
but has a different grain size or origi-
nates from another manufacturer. The
reason for this is that the difference in
physical properties may exert a strong
effect particularly on solid drugs
(cf. Chapter 2.5).

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
Table 1

Supplier and address Excipients

[1] BASF AG Cremophor® products

Department MER Kollicoat ® products
67056 Ludwigshafen, Kollidon® products
Germany Ludipress ®
Lutrol ® products
Propylene glycol Pharma
or Sicovit ®
BASF subsidiary in the Soluphor® P
country concerned Solutol ® HS 15

[2] Bärlocher GmbH Calcium arachinate

80992 Munich, Germany Magnesium stearate

[3] Cerestar GmbH

Düsseldorferstrasse 191 Potato starch
47809 Krefeld, Germany Corn starch

[4] Degussa AG
GB Industry + Fine Chemicals
Postfach 1345
63457 Hanau, Germany Aerosil® 200

[5] FMC Corp. Food +

Pharmaceutical
Products
735 Market Street Avicel ® products
Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA Ac-Di-Sol ®

[6] Hüls AG
Postfach
45674 Marl, Germany Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder

[7] Mallincrodt Inc.

P.O. Box 5439
675 McDonnel Boulevard
St. Louis, MO 63134, USA Stearic acid

[8] Meggle Milchindustrie GmbH

Postfach 40 Lactose Monohydrate D 20
83512 Wasserburg, Germany Tablettose ®

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
[9] Rhône-Poulenc
15, Rue Pierre Pays
B.P. 52
69660 Collonges-au Mont d’Or, Dicalcium phosphate, CaHPO 4
France (DITAB ®)

[10] Riedel-de-Haen AG
Wunstdorferstrasse 40 Sorbitol, crystalline
30926 Seelze, Germany Talc

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
1.6 Stability data

It is only in exceptional cases or when

certain groups of active substances
are present that data are given on the
chemical and/or the physical stability
of the formulations. The reasons are
as follows.

a. The formulations are practically

always modified by the customer
when they are scaled up to meet
the demands of industry.

b. Aromas or colorants are added to

the formulations in amounts
depending on the particular taste
of the target group.

c. In view of the very number of for-

mulations presented here and for
capacity reasons, the long-term
stability of all of them cannot be
checked.

The stability of the preparation may

change as a result of items a. and b.
Thus the final formulation must be
checked in any event.

Data on the chemical stability are

often available for sensitive materials,
e. g. PVP-iodine or vitamins. They
mostly concern either storage at
room temperature (20 – 25 °C) over a
period of one year or a stress test
that lasts at least just as long.

In a number of formulations, data are

also listed on the physical stability.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2 Tablets A. Ludipress

Ludipress is a speciality derived from

2.1 Size of formulations and lactose, Kollidon 30, and Kollidon CL.
measured values It thus combines the properties of a
filler, binder, disintegrant, and
The formulations were developed on flowability agent and also often acts
a laboratory scale in which case as a release accelerator. By virtue of
200 –1,000 g of the mixtures to be its versatility formulations containing it
tabletted were used. Normally, the are usually very simple. It can also be
amounts weighed out in the formula- combined with almost all active sub-
tions correspond to the amount in the stances with the exception of those
tablets multiplied by a factor of 1,000. that enter into a chemical interaction
The weight, hardness, disintegration, with lactose (Maillard reaction).
and chipping of the tablets and the
data on their release are measured Active substances, e. g. many anal-
values. getics, behave very differently with
Ludipress when the dosage is ex-
2.2 Direct compression tremely high. Acetylsalicylic acid and
metamizole can be pressed when lit-
The technology involved in direct tle Ludipress has been added; ibu-
compression assumes great impor- profen requires a larger amount; and
tance in the tablet formulations, be- the fraction of Ludipress required in
cause it is often the cheapest means, the tablets is too large for paraceta-
particularly in the production of ge- mol (= acetaminophen).
nerics, that the active substance per-
mits. The limiting factors are the B. Kollidon VA 64
physical properties of the active sub-
stance and its concentration in the An alternative to Ludipress is the out-
tablets (cf. Chapter 2.5). Even sub- standing dry binder Kollidon VA 64
stances such as ascorbic acid that together with excipients, e. g. calcium
are hardly suitable for direct tabletting phosphate, microcrystalline cellulose,
owing to the friability of their crystals lactose, or starch, and a disintegrant,
can normally be directly pressed into e. g. Kollidon CL. This combination
tablets at concentrations of 30 – 40 %. even allows 500 mg of paracetamol
However, this technique is not as to be pressed into good tablets with a
suitable if the content of ascorbic ac- weight of 700 mg.
id is higher. This limit may be shifted
upwards by special direct compres- No other dry binder has a binding
sion auxiliaries, e. g. Ludipress. Two power and plasticity comparable to
important alternatives, viz. Ludipress those of Kollidon VA 64. Plasticity, in
and Kollidon VA 64, can be found in particular, is an important parameter
the BASF line of pharmaceutical exci- in direct compression. As can be
pients for direct compression. seen in Fig. 1, this property of Kolli-
don VA 64 is not adversely effected
by increasing the pressure. The bene-
ficial properties of Kollidon VA 64 can

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
 Plasticity 1,0 Force: 18 kN

Force: 25 kN
0,9

0,8

0,7

0,6

0,5

0,4
Kollidon VA 64 Kollidon 30 Mc. Cellulose HPMC 11000
Plasticity = plastic energy/total energy

Fig. 1 Plasticity of dry binders in tablets

(99.5 % binder + 0.5 % magnesium stearate)

also be exploited for the production of Various alternatives to wet granulation

concentrated active substance that is in general are offered by BASF phar-
subsequently used for direct tabletting. maceutical excipients:

Obviously, Kollidon VA 64 and Ludi- – granulation with a Kollidon solution

press can also be combined with one – granulation of a dry mixture of the
another. active substance and (filler and)
Kollidon with water/solvent
2.3 Wet granulation – granulation in which some of the
Kollidon is mixed with the active
Great significance is still attached to substance and the rest is dissolved
wet granulation, because direct com- in the solution used for granulation
pressing is not the most suitable
technology for many active substanc- The last the of the three alternatives is
es that are in high dosages or in fine preferred if the amount of liquid re-
powder form. Even if the active sub- quired for granulation is restricted and
stance is sensitive to hydrolysis, mod- therefore the viscosity of the solution
ern equipment, e. g. in a fluidized containing all of the Kollidon would be
bed, eliminates all problems in wet too high.
granulation.
Other alternatives consist of using dif-
The granules for tabletting of the pre- ferent grades of Kollidon. Substituting
sented formulations were mostly pro- Kollidon 25 or Kollidon 30 by Kollidon
duced by traditional means, i. e. mois- 90 F would be particularly interesting
tening, screening, drying, and again for obtaining greater hardness without
screening. Fluidized-bed granulation increasing the pressure. The example
was resorted to only in exceptional of a placebo tablet illustrated in Fig. 2
cases in view of the amounts needed. shows that tablets of twice the hard-

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
 90 Kollidon 25

Hardness N
Kollidon 30
80 Kollidon 90 F

70

60

50

40
4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Compression force kN
Fig. 2 Hardness of lactose tablets containing various Kollidon products
(wet granulation)

ness of those obtained by Kollidon 25 2.4 Tablet press

can be achieved by using Kollidon 90
F at low pressures. All the formulations were devised on
rotary tabletting presses that were fit-
Conversely, there would be some ted with 10 – 20 punches.
point in changing over from Kollidon
90 F to Kollidon 25 or 30 if the vis- 2.5 Effect of the physical proper-
cosity of the solution used in granula- ties of the active substance
tion is too high. In practice, however,
the same hardness is usually achieved In the manufacture of tablets it is im-
by increasing the amount of Kollidon. portant to define and appreciate the
Tablet Hardness (N)

140

120

100

80

60

40
crystalline grade powder grade
Compression force: 25 kN
Fig. 3 Direct compression of different types of ascorbic acid
(40 % ascorbic acid, 5 % Kollidon VA 64)

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
physical properties of the active sub- 2.7 Methods of measuring the
stance. This particularly concerns the properties of tablets
particle size.
The general instructions for the deter-
Fig. 3 shows the difference that can mination of the corresponding pro-
occur when ascorbic acid tablets of perties of tablets are contained in the
the same composition are produced Pharmacopoeiae (Ph.Eur. or USP). If it
at the same pressure, but when the is not stated to the contrary, the
active substance consists of crystals disintegration time is measured in
of two different sizes (crystalline = artificial gastric juice. The release is
> 150 µm; powder = < 150 µm). determined by the methods laid down
in the corresponding monographs for
2.6 Effect of the physical the tablets (usually USP) and in the
properties of the excipients prescribed medium.

Characterization of the physical pro- 2.8 Information on dissolution of

perties of excipients is also important. active substance
This is demonstrated in Table 2 in the
light of the example of hydrochloro- Nowadays it is standard practice and/
thiazide. Tablets of greater hardness or laid down that the in-vitro release
are obtained if fine instead of coarse of active substance be checked.
Povidone K 90 is taken. To a certain Unfortunately, these data cannot be
extent, the disintegration and the given for all formulations. This is par-
release are also affected. ticularly the case when the active
substance is sufficiently soluble or
when the formulation was developed

Table 2

Influence of the particle size of Povidone K 90 on the properties of

hydrochlorothiazide tablets (solvent granulation)

Formulation I Hydrochlorothiazide ............... 50.0 mg

Povidone K 90 ......................... 7.5 mg
Lactose monohydrate ........... 422.5 mg
II Water .................................... 37.5 mg
III Magnesium stearate ................. 2.5 mg

Tablet properties

Binder Hardness Disintegration time Dissolution (30 min)

Povidone K 90
95 % > 250 µm 66 N 18 min 23 %

Povidone K 90
15 % > 250 µm 97 N 22 min 19 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
in a time when this parameter was
not yet demanded.

2.9 Formulations

The formulations in this chapter have

been arranged in the alphabetic order
of their active substances.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3 Coating of 3.3 Conditions for spraying

tablets and Whenever they are of importance, the

conditions for processing the formula-
capsules tions on a given scale have been quo-
ted.
3.1 Size of formulations and
amounts used 3.4 Colour additives

The formulations were developed on Normally the colorants added were

a laboratory scale. Sicovit colour lakes or Sicovit pig-
ments. To a certain extent, these two
The batches usually consisted of ca. are interchangeable.
1 kg of spray solution or spray sus-
pension and 5 kg of tablet cores. 3.5 Formulations

3.2 Equipment The formulations in this chapter have

been arranged in the alphabetic order
The tests were mostly performed in of their function.
the Accela-Cota 241, for which the
minimum amount of cores is 5 kg. In
a few cases, the fluidized-bed granu-
lator WSG Glatt 15 or a traditional
coating pan was used.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4 Granules, 4.3 Assessment of the properties
of the granules
powders, dry
Most of the cases concerned granu-
syrups and les that were suspended in water
before the administration. Conse-
lyophilisates quently, the properties of the suspen-
sion thus formed were assessed. The
4.1 Size of formulations and parameters that attracted most atten-
amounts used tion were the relative sediment
volume (volume of sediment/total
The formulations were developed on volume) and the redispersability. See
a laboratory scale. Chapter 5.3 for details on the sus-
pensions.
Normally the amounts used were
those required for a trial of 50 – 500 g. 4.4 Formulations
Larger batches, e.g. in fluidized-bed
granulation, were only resorted to in The formulations in this chapter have
exceptional cases. been arranged in alphabetical order of
their active substances.
4.2 Methods of granulation

The granules were mostly produced

by traditional means, i.e. moistening,
screening, drying, and again scree-
ning. Fluidized-bed granulation was
resorted to only in exceptional cases
in view of the amounts needed.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5 Liquid B Formation of complexing
compounds
preparations
The soluble Kollidon products form
5.1 Size of formulations and reversible complexes with many
amounts used hydrophobic active substances,
and clear solutions in water are
The formulations were developed on thus obtained. This may be affec-
a laboratory scale. ted by the molecular weight. The
longer the chains or the higher the
The batches were of 50 –1,000 g size. K-value of the Kollidon type, the
stronger is the solubility effect and
5.2 Solubilization of insoluble thus the greater the solubility that
active substances can be obtained by the active sub-
stance. In practice, this effect was
In order to solubilize insoluble lypophil- mostly exploited for the solubiliza-
ic or hydrophobic active substances tion of antibiotics in human and
in an aqueous medium, BASF Phar- veterinary medicine. Details are
maceutical Excipients offer several given in the book “Kollidon –
possibilities and mechanisms. Polyvinylpyrrolidone for the phar-
maceutical industry”.
A Microemulsions
There are also restrictions on the
Cremophor RH 40, Cremophor EL, use of this auxiliary in human pa-
and Solutol HS 15 act as surface- renterals. It is laid down in many
active solubilizers in water and countries that the K-value must not
form the structures of micelles. The exceed 18, and there is also a re-
micelle that envelops the active striction on the amount to be used
substance is so small that it is in- for each dose administered in
visible or perhaps visible in the intramuscular application.
form of an opalescence.
C Hydrophilization
Typical fields of application are oil-
soluble vitamins, antimycotics of Active substances can also be
the miconazole type, mouth disin- solubilized by Lutrol F 68 in addi-
fectants, e.g. hexiditin, and ether- tion to the Cremophor and Kollidon
ian oils or fragrances. products. The mechanism is pro-
bably based, for the most part, on
Solutol HS 15 is recommended for the principle of hydrophilization.
parenteral use of this solubilizing Micelle formation is certainly of
system and has been specially minor significance, if it exists at all.
developed for this purpose.
5.3 Stabilizing suspensions

Various BASF pharmaceutical excipi-

ents with different functions can be
used for stabilizing suspensions.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.3.1 Oral and topical suspensions B. Kollidon CL-M

The following groups of products can The use of Kollidon CL-M as a sus-
be offered for stabilizing oral and topi- pension stabilizer has nothing
cal suspensions. whatever to do with the principle of
increasing the viscosity. The addi-
A. Soluble Kollidon products tion of 5 – 9 % has practically no ef-
fect in changing the viscosity, but
Low concentrations, i.e. 2 – 5 %, of strongly reduces the rate of sedi-
Kollidon 90 F suffice to stabilize mentation and facilitates the redis-
aqueous suspensions. Fig. 4 persability, in particular, an effect
demonstrates that it can comple- that is consistent with the low vis-
tely prevent sedimentation. The cosity. One of the reasons for this
example taken was a crospovidone Kollidon CL-M effect is its low (bulk)
suspension. density, which is only half of that of
conventional crospovidone, e.g.
A combination consisting of 2 % of Kollidon CL. It can clearly be seen
Kollidon 90 F and 5 – 9 % of Kollidon from Fig. 5 that a relative volume of
CL-M has proved to be an effective sediment of normal micronized
system for stabilizing suspensions. crospovidone of high bulk density
(= Crospovidone M) is less and
Kollidon 30 is also used for this pur- more compact that of Kollidon
pose. It can be combined with all CL-M, which undergoes hardly any
conventional suspension stabilizers sedimentation.
(thickeners, surfactants, etc.).
In this book, a number of formulations
for made-up suspensions or extem-
poraneous suspensions produced
from instant granules or dry syrups
Relative sediment volume (24 h), %

100

50

0
without Povidone with 5% Kollidon 90 F
Fig. 4 Effect of Kollidon 90 F on the volume of sediment in a
crospovidone suspension (7.5 % in water)

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
 Relative sediment volume after (24 h), % 100

80

60

40

20

0
Kollidon CL-M Crospovidone M
Fig. 5 Volume of sediment of various micronized crospovidone types
(7.5 % in water + 5 % Lutrol F 127)

(see Chapter 4) illustrate the use of 5.3.3 Dispersions for tablet

Kollidon CL-M. coating

C Lutrol F products Kollidon 25 or Kollidon 30 are particu-

larly suitable for stabilizing pigment
The polyoxamers, Lutrol F 68 and suspensions. Examples are given in
Lutrol F 127, in concentrations of Chapter 3.4.
2 – 5 %, expressed in terms of the
final weight of the suspension, of- 5.4 Aromas and dyes
fer a further opportunity of stabiliz-
ing suspensions. They also do not Aromas and dyes are quoted in only
increase the viscosity when used in exceptional cases, because they
these amounts and can be com- depend strongly on the taste of the
bined with all other conventional target group concerned and are often
suspension stabilizers. specific for a particular country. They
can be included in the formulations if
5.3.2 Parenteral suspensions this is wished.

Kollidon 17 PF is eminently suitable 5.5 Preservation

for improving the wetability of the
active substance in parenteral sus- In a few cases, preservatives have
pensions, e.g. penicillin ampoules. It been already integrated in the formu-
reduces the sedimentation rate and lations. In difficult cases, e.g., antiac-
improves the dispersability. Kollidon id suspensions with a pH more than
17 PF, in the amounts used for this 7, the preservative system i.e. bacte-
purpose, exerts practically no influ- ria-free or low-bacteria production,
ence on the viscosity. should be the subject of accurate re-
search.
Solutol HS 15 can also be used.

BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998

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5.6 Physical stability

The most important parameters for

the physical stability of suspensions
are the relative volume of sediment
(= volume of sediment/total volume)
and the redispersability. They are
tested after 1 – 4 weeks have elapsed.

5.7 Chemical stability

Data on the chemical stability at room

temperature have been compiled al-
most exclusively for vitamins. A stress
test was almost always performed for
PVP-iodine preparations, and this
corresponds to at least one year at
room temperature.

5.8 Formulations

The formulations mentioned in this

chapter are arranged in alphabetical
order of their active substances.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6 Semi-solid consistency of a cream. They allow
the production of physically stable
drugs (gels, formulations when they are used in
low concentrations in the vicinity of
creams, 1 – 4 %.
suppositories 6.3 Excipients as a base for
and ovula) suppositories and ovula

In the formulations presented here,

6.1 Size of formulations and mixtures of the polyethylene glycols,
amounts used Lutrol E 400, Lutrol E 1500, Lutrol E
4000, and Lutrol E 6000, are inten-
The formulations were developed on ded as water-soluble base for suppo-
a laboratory scale. sitories and ovula.

The size of the batch was usually 6.4 Gel formers

100 g, with the result that care must
be exercised in scaling up from a At the present time, gels are growing
laboratory to a production scale. in importance in the pharmaceutical
industry, because, in contrast to
6.2 Emulsifying agents in pharma- pastes and creams, it can be visually
ceutical creams ascertained that the active substance
is dissolved. This is often coupled
The Cremophor types, Cremophor A with a guarantee of superior absorp-
6 and Cremophor A 25 are the most tion.
suitable in the BASF line of excipients
for the development of macroemul- The BASF line of pharmaceutical ex-
sions with the appearance and the cipients includes a gel former, viz. the

2500
Rel. viscosity [mPa·s]

2000

1500 Gel

1000

500
Liquid

0
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90
Temperature, deg. C
Fig. 6 Influence of the temperature on the consistency of 20 % Lutrol
F 127 in water (rotary viscometer, 250 rpm)

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
polyoxamer Lutrol F 127. It allows the 6.6 Stability
production of gels whose structures
are stable in a pH range of 4 – 8. No Data on the chemical stability are
neutralization whatever is necessary. scanty. Preparations with PVP-iodine
A feature of these gels is their ther- as disinfectant are an exception, in
moreversible consistency. It is appar- which case a stress test was always
ent from Fig. 6 that the gels are liquid performed whose results represent a
at low temperatures i.e. below 15 °C period of much more than 12 months
and at temperatures above 75 °C. In at room temperature (20 – 25 °C).
between these two values, a gel
reversibly exists whose consistency The physical stability, on applying
depends on the concentration of the heat at 45 °C, was mainly determined
Lutrol F 127. on creams.

6.5 Preservatives and fragrances 6.7 Formulations

Preservatives and fragrances were The formulations given in this chapter

not always added. Consequently, this have been arranged in alphabetical
point must be worked out in the final order of their active substances.
formulation. For the gels based on
Lutrol F 127 the addition of 0.2 %
sorbic acid is recommended.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Aceclofenac Gel-Cream
(1.5 %)

1. Formulation

I. Aceclofenac .............................................1.5 g
Miglyol ® 812 (Dynamit-Nobel)....................9.9 g
Lutrol E 400 [1].........................................4.9 g
II. Water.....................................................64.0 g
III. Lutrol F 127 [1] .......................................19.7 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix the components I with water and cool to about 5 °C. Add slowly
Lutrol F 127 and continue stirring until Lutrol F 127 is dissolved. Maintain
cool until the air bubbles escaped.

3. Properties of the gel

A milky, firm gel was obtained.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Aceclofenac Instant Granules

(50 mg)

1. Formulation (granules)

I. Aceclofenac .............................................1.3 g
Orange flavour .........................................4.3 g
Sorbit ....................................................85.6 g
II. Lutrol F 68 [1]...........................................4.4 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................4.4 g
Water ..............................................about 50 g

2. Manufacturing

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm screen,

dry and sieve again. Fill 3.9 g in sachets corresponding to 50 mg
aceclofenac.

3. Properties of the granules

Free flowing, water dispersible granules having almost no bitter taste.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Acetylsalicylic Acid + Paracetamol

(= Acetaminophen) + Caffeine Tablets
(250 mg + 250 mg + 50 mg)
1. Formulation

I. Acetylsalicylic acid, crystalline (Merck) ......250 g

Paracetamol, crystalline (Merck) ...............250 g
Caffeine (Knoll) ..........................................50 g
II. Kollidon 90 F [1] ........................................50 g
Isopropanol ...............................................q. s.
III. Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g
Kollidon CL [1]...........................................16 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry and sieve through a 0.8 mm
screen, add the components III and press with high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................670 mg
Form ...................................................biplanar
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Hardness..................................................45 N
Disintegration ..........................................6 min
Friability...................................................0.7 %

4. Physical stability (12 months, 20–25 °C)

Weight .................................................670 mg
Hardness..................................................65 N
Disintegration ..........................................4 min
Friability...................................................0.9 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Acetylsalicylic Acid + Paracetamol

(= Acetaminophen) + Caffeine Tablets
(400 mg + 100 mg + 30 mg)
Formulation

Acetylsalicylic acid, crystalline ..................400 g

Paracetamol, crystalline (Merck) ...............100 g
Caffeine (Knoll) ..........................................30 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................100 g
Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................20 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]..........30 g
Stearic acid [7] ............................................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a sieve and press with low compres-
sion force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................683 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................116 N
Disintegration......................................1 – 2 min
Friability...................................................0.3 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Acetylsalicylic Acid + Paracetamol

(= Acetaminophen) Tablets
(250 mg + 250 mg)

Formulation

Acetylsalicylic acid, crystalline (Merck) ......250 g

Paracetamol, crystalline (Merck) ...............250 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] .......................................60 g
Kollidon 30 (or Kollidon VA 64) [1] ...............15 g
Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................25 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................605 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................90 N
Disintegration .......................................< 1 min
Friability...................................................0.7 %

4. Chemical stability of formulation No. 2 (20–25 °C, closed)

0 Months 6 Months 12 Months

Acetylsalicylic acid 100 % 100 % 100 %

Vitamin C 100 % 100 % 96 %
Free acetic acid < 0,01% < 0.01%
Free salicylic acid < 0,01% < 0.01%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Acetylsalicylic Acid + Vitamin C Tablets

(325 mg + 250 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Acetylsalicylic acid, crystalline (Merck) ...........325 g 325 g

Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF).......................250 g 250 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] .................................120 g –
Avicel PH 101 [5] ............................................40 g 100 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................25 g 12 g
Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................20 g 30 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................2 g 3g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with
medium/high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................790 mg 726 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................92 N 100 N
Disintegration ...............................................2 min < 1 min
Friability ..........................................................1% 1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Chemical stability of formulation No. 2 (20–25 °C)

0 Months 6 Months 12 Months

Acetylsalicylic acid 100 % 100 % 100 %

Vitamin C 100 % 100 % 96 %
Free acetic acid < 0,01% < 0.01%
Free salicylic acid < 0,01% < 0.01%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Acetylsalicylic Acid Tablets

(400 mg)

1. Formulation

Acetylsalicylic acid, crystalline (Merck) ......400 g

Ludipress [1] .............................................99 g
Stearic acid [7] ............................................1 g
Kollidon CL [1]...........................................15 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................516 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................90 N
Disintegration ........................................<1 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %
Dissolution, 15 min....................................84 %
30 min ...................................97 %

4. Chemical stability

Storage time RT 40 °C

0 months 100.0 % 100.0 %

6 months 100.0 % 100.0 %
12 months 98.4 % 100.0 %

The content of free salicylic acid remained always below 0.2 %.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Acetylsalicylic Acid Tablets

(500 mg)

1. Formulation

Acetylsalicylic acid (Merck) .......................500 g

Avicel PH 101 [5] .....................................200 g
Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................15 g
Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................25 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................707 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................61 N
Disintegration ........................................<1 min
Friability...................................................0.7 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Acyclovir Oral Suspension

(2 % = 200 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulation

Acyclovir ..................................................2.0 g
Kollidon CL-M [1] .....................................6.0 g
Kollidon 30 [1] ..........................................3.0 g
Sorbitol [10] ...........................................28.0 g
Citric acid ................................................0.5 g
Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Water.....................................................60.5 g

2. Manufacturing

Suspend acyclovir and Kollidon CL-M in the solution of the other

components under vigorous stirring.

3. Properties of the solution

Colour .....................................................white
Relative sediment volume after 14 days ......96 %
Redispersibility after 14 days......................easy

4. Remarks

– The substitution of Kollidon 30 by Kollidon 90F gives a more compact

sediment.
– The deletion of citric acid gives a much more compact sediment.
– The substitution of citric acid by sodium citrate impairs strongly the
redispersibility.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Albendazole Dry Syrup or Instant Granules

(200 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Albendazole ................................................4 g
Citric acid ...................................................3 g
Sodium citrate.............................................3 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10]..............................88 g
II. Ethanol 96 % ............................................22 g
Lutrol F 68 [1] .............................................2 g

2. Manufacturing

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm screen, dry
and sieve again.

Fill 50 g of the granules in a 100 ml flask (= dry syrup) or 5 g in sachets

(= instant granules)

3. Administration forms

Dry syrup (200 mg albendazole /10 ml):

Fill the flask containing 50 g of granules with water to the 100 ml mark.
The obtained suspension has no bitter taste.

Instant granules (200 mg albendazole sachet):

Suspend 5 g of the granules (= 200 mg albendazol) in a glass of water.
The suspension has no bitter taste.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Albendazole Tablets,
(100 mg)

1. Formulation

Albendazole ............................................100 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................288 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................4 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................8 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................400 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................99 N
Disintegration ..........................................2 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Alginic Acid + Aluminium Hydroxide +

Magnesium Silicate Tablets
(500 mg + 100 mg + 25 mg)

1. Formulation

Alginic acid .............................................500 g

Aluminium hydroxide dried gel (Giulini) ......100 g
Magnesium trisilicate .................................25 g
Sodium bicarbonate.................................170 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ............................160 g
Sucrose, crystalline .................................627 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................900 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................70 g
Magnesium stearate [2]..............................50 g
Vanillin ........................................................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...................................................2.55 g
Diameter ...............................................20 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................120 N
Friability...................................................1.3 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Aloe Vera Gel

1. Formulation

I. Aloe vera extract 200 fold .........................0.4 g

Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ......................5.0 g
Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Water.....................................................73.6 g
II. Cremophor RH 40 [1]................................1.1 g
Perfume .....................................................q.s.
III. Lutrol F 127 [1] .......................................20.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare the solutions I and II separtely and add I onto II. Cool this
mixture to < 10 °C (or heat to 70 – 80 °C) and dissolve III. Maintain the
temperature until the air bubbles escaped.

3. Properties of the gel

Appearance clear ·
Viscosity about 60 Pa · s
pH about 5.5
Physical stability no change of appearance after 4 weeks at room
temperature

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Alpha-Bisabolol Aqueous Mouth Wash

Solution (0.2 %)

1. Formulation

I. Alpha-Bisabolol, natural (BASF) .................0.2 g

Flavour .......................................................q.s
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................2.5 g
II. Glycerol ...................................................5.0 g
Saccharin sodium .....................................0.1 g
Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Water.....................................................92.2 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to about 60 °C and add slowly the warm solution II (60 °C).

3. Properties of the solution

Clear, colourless liquid having a low viscosity.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Alpha-Bisabolol Buccal or Topical Solution

(0.1%)

1. Formulation

I. Alpha-Bisabolol, racemic (BASF)..............0.12 g

Cremophor RH 40 [1]..............................1.00 g
Butylhydroxytoluene ...............................0.01 g
II. Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Water........................................................99 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to about 60 °C, stirr well and add slowly the warm solu-
tion II. A clear solution is obtained.

3. Chemical stability (40 °C)

No loss of alpha-Bisabolol after 3 months.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Alpha-Bisabolol Ethanolic Mouth Wash

Solution (1%)

1. Formulation

I. Alpha-Bisabolol, racemic (BASF) ...............1.0 g

Flavour...................................................10.0 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................6.0 g
II. Glycerol ...................................................1.0 g
Saccharin sodium.....................................0.2 g
Ethanol, 96 % .........................................81.8 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to about 60 °C and add slowly the warm solution II.

3. Properties of the solution

Clear, colourless liquid which can be diluted with water.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Alpha-Bisabolol Mouth Wash Solution

(0.5 %)

1. Formulation

I. (-)Alpha-Bisabolol, natural (BASF)..............0.5 g

Lutrol F 127 [1] .........................................5.0 g
Flavour ......................................................q.s.
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ....................10.0 g
Ethanol 96 % ..........................................30.0 g
II. Water.....................................................54.5 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare solution I and add slowly the water.

3. Properties of the solution

The clear colourless solution had got the pH 8.

4. Remark

The neutralisation to pH 5 – 7 would be recommended.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Alpha-Methyldopa Tablet Cores

(250 mg), DC

1. Formulation

Alpha-Methyldopa ...................................250 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................350 g
Stearic acid [7] ..........................................15 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................620 mg
Diameter ...............................................11 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness ................................................123 N
Disintegration ..........................................6 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %
Dissolution (10 min) ...................................91%
(20 min)...................................98 %

4. Physical stability (20 months, 20–25 ºC)

Weight .................................................620 mg
Hardness ................................................115 N
Disintegration ..........................................7 min
Friability...................................................0.5 %
Dissolution (10 min) ...................................91%
(20 min) .................................100 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Alpha-Methyldopa Tablet Cores

(250 mg), WG

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Alpha-Methyldopa ........................................275 g 275 g

Lactose monohydrate [8] ................................55 g –
Calcium phosphate, dibasic [9] ............................– 55 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ................................................15 g 15 g
Isopropanol ..................................................80 ml 80 ml
III. Kollidon CL [1] .................................................8 g 8g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................2 g 2g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a sieve, mix the dry
granules with III and press with medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................361 mg 362 mg

Diameter ....................................................11 mm 11 mm
Hardness .....................................................118 N 156 N
Disintegration ...............................................5 min 4 min
Friability......................................................<0.1% <0.1%
Dissolution (10 min)........................................45 % 55 %
(20 min) .......................................82 % 90 %
(30 min) .......................................90 % 98 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Alpha-Methyldopa Tablets
(500 mg), DC

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Alpha-Methyldopa .......................................500 g 500 g

(Alpha Chemicals)
Avicel PH 101 [5] ............................................54 g 200g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................20 g 30g
Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................20 g 20g
Talc [10] .........................................................90 g 8g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................7 g 1g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................2 g –
Calcium arachinate [2] .........................................– 1g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass magnesium stearate trough a 0.2 mm sieve and the other compo-
nents through a 0.5 mm sieve, mix and press with high compression
force (Formulation No. 1) and low compression force (Formulation No. 2).

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ..........................................693 mg 750 mg

Diameter ...........................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ..........................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ..............................................80 N 113 N
Disintegration ...........................................<1 min 1 – 2 min
Friability .............................................0.4 % 0.8 %
Dissolution, 4 min ........................................86 % –
16 min ......................................92 % –

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Remark

In the case of formulation No. 1 it was not possible to press tablet cores
of a biconvex form because some capping effect was observed.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Alpha-Methyldopa Tablets
(500 mg), WG

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Alpha-Methyldopa ........................................500 g 500 g

Lactose monohydrate [8] ..............................200 g –
Corn starch [3] ....................................................– 200 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1]................................................30 g –
Kollidon 90 F [1] ..................................................– 10 g
Isopropanol ..................................................35 ml q.s.
III. Kollidon CL ....................................................20 g 15 g
Talc [10] ..............................................................– 8g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................5 g 2g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................8 g –
Calcium arachinate [2] .........................................– 2g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate the mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix
with III and press with low/medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................790 mg 696 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................80 N 95 N
Disintegration ...............................................5 min 4 min
Friability .......................................................0.5 % 0.98 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Remark

For the production of tables cores for coating purposes the oblong form
would be better.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Alprazolam Tablets
(0.5 mg)

1. Formulation

Alprazolam...............................................0.5 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................148 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................1 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, sieve through a 0.8 mm screen and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................158 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................106 N
Disintegration ..........................................3 min
Friability .................................................<0.1%

4. Remark

If the content uniformity does not meet the requirements it would be

recommended to prepare a premix of the active ingredient with a small
part of the Ludipress or with lactose monohydrate before mixing with the
other components of the formulation.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Aluminium Acetylsalicylate Tablets

(250 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Aluminium acetylsalicylate ........................255 g

Mannitol ..................................................213 g
Corn starch [3] ..........................................28 g
II. Kollidon 90 F [1] ........................................10 g
Lutrol E 6000 [1]..........................................5 g
Isopropanol .....................................about 50 g
III. Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................23 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
mix with III and press with medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................540 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................110 N
Disintegration......................................1 – 2 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Aluminium Hydroxide + Magnesium

Carbonate Dry Syrup
(12.5 % + 12.5 %)

1. Formulation

I. Aluminium hydroxide dry gel (Giulini) ........25.0 g

Basic Magnesium carbonate ...................25.0 g
Kollidon CL-M [1]....................................29.0 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ...........................25.6 g
Orange flavour .........................................5.0 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ........................................10.0 g
Coconut flavour........................................0.4 g
Banana flavour .........................................0.5 g
Saccharin sodium.....................................0.5 g
Water.......................................................0.1 g
....................................................about 36.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a sieve and dry.

3. Preparation of the suspension for administration

Shake 58 g of the granules with 100 ml of water.

4. Properties of the suspension

– Homogeneous and without sedimentation during more than 24 h.

– Redispersibility very easy.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5. Influence of the amount of Kollidon Cl-M on the sedimentation of the
obtained suspension

100
Relative sediment volume after 24 h [%]

80

60

40

20

0
0 4 8 12
Kollidon CL-M in the administration form [%]

BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998

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2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Aluminium hydroxide + Magnesium

carbonate/oxide + Simethicone Tablets
(150 mg + 250 mg + 90 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Sucrose ..................................................576 g
Aluminium hydroxide................................157 g
Magnesium carbonate .............................160 g
Magnesium oxide ......................................97 g
Kollidon 90 F [1] ........................................45 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ...........................................22 g
II. Simethicone, suspension 30 % .................300 g
III. Menthol ......................................................9 g
Saccharin sodium........................................1 g
Talc [10] ....................................................49 g
Magnesium stearate [2]..............................13 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with the simethicone suspension II, dry, sieve

through a 0.8 mm screen, add III and press with high compression force.

3. Properties of the tablets pressed with two different diameters

12 mm 20 mm

Weight ....................................................1200 mg 1295 mg

Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness.....................................................130 N 55 N
Disintegration .............................................30 min 7 min
Friability........................................................0.1% 0.7 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Aluminium Hydroxide + Magnesium

Hydroxide + Simethicone Suspension
(8 % + 8 % + 0.8 %)

1. Formulation

I. Simethicone 30 % .....................................2.7 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................3.0 g
Water .......................................................7.0 g
II. Aluminium hydroxide dry gel (Giulini) ..........8.0 g
Magnesium hydroxide...............................8.0 g
Kollidon CL-M [1] ...............................8 –10.0 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ...........................10.0 g
Banana flavour .........................................0.4 g
Coconut flavour........................................0.5 g
Saccharin sodium .....................................0.1 g
Water................................................ad 100 ml
III. Citric acid ............................q. s. to adust pH 9

2. Manufacturing

I. Mix Cremophor RH 40 with simethicone, heat to about 50 °C stirring

well and add the warm water.
II. Dissolve the flavours and saccharin in water and suspend aluminium
hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and Kollidon CL-M.
III. Add emulsion I to the stirred suspension II and adjust the pH to
about 9 with citric acid if needed.

3. Properties of the suspension

Colour: ..............................................................White
Aspect: .......................................Homogeneous, milky
Relative sediment volume (1 day):.........................99 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Aluminium Hydroxide
+ Magnesium Hydroxide Chewable Tablets
(200 mg + 200 mg)
1. Formulation

I. Aluminium hydroxide (Rorer).....................200 g

Magnesium hydroxide (Rorer) ...................200 g
Lactose monohydrate [8]..........................100 g
II. Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................30 g
Water......................................................260 g
III. Sucrose, crystalline..................................315 g
Sorbitol, crystalline (Merck) ......................100 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]..........60 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ...........................................12 g
Talc [10] ......................................................6 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................6 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
add III and press with high compression force (20 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight................................................1013 mg
Diameter ...............................................16 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................131 N
Disintegration ........................................27 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Aluminium Hydroxide + Magnesium

Hydroxide Suspension
(4 % + 4 %)

1. Formulation

Aluminium hydroxide ................................4.0 g

Magnesium hydroxide...............................4.0 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................5.0 g
Silicon oil DC 200 (Serva) ..........................0.1 g
Kollidon CL-M [1]....................................10.0 g
Water.....................................................76.9 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix Cremophor RH 40 well with the silicon oil, add the water and sus-
pend the solid substances.

3. Properties of the suspension

There was only a slow sedimentation during storage and the redispersi-
bility after weeks was excellent.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Aluminium Hydroxide + Magnesium Silicate

Chewable Tablets
(120 mg + 250 mg)
1. Formulation

Aluminium hydroxide dried gel (Giulini) ...120.0 g

Magnesium trisilicate ............................250.0 g
Ludipress [1] ........................................232.0 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................6.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................6.0 g
Cyclamate sodium ..................................12.0 g
Menthol ...................................................1.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with a
compression force of 20 kN.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................640 mg
Diameter ...............................................16 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................83 N

4. Remarks

Due to the poor flowability of the powder the tabletting machine should
be equipped with a special technical device providing a continuous and
homogenous filling of the dies.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Ambroxol Tablets
(30 mg)

1. Formulation

Ambroxol hydrochloride ..........................30.0 g

Ludipress [1] .........................................217.5 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................2.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................250 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................115 N
Disintegration ..........................................7 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %
Dissolution, 30 min ...................................82 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Aminophylline Tablets
(90 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Aminophylline, hydrous powder (Knoll) ............90 g 90 g

Potato starch [3] ............................................80 g –
Corn starch [3] ....................................................– 74 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1].............................................3 g 3g
II. Kollidon VA 64 [1].............................................3 g 3g
Water ............................................................30 g 27 g
III. Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................1 g –
Talc [10] ...........................................................4 g –
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ...................– 10 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, dry,
mix with III, pass through a 0.5 mm sieve and press to tablets with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................179 mg 180 mg

Diameter ......................................................8 mm 8 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................80 N 72 N
Disintegration ..........................................3 – 4 min 6 – 7 min
Friability .......................................................0.4 % 0.4 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Aminophylline Tablets
(100 mg), I

1. Formulation

Aminophylline powder (Knoll) ....................100 g

Avicel PH 200 [5] .....................................200 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ........................................6 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ...........................................12 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, sieve and press on a rotary press to tablets with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................318 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................124 N
Disintegration......................................1 – 2 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

4. Remarks

Due to the reduced flowability the tabletting machine should be

equipped with a special technical device providing a continuous and
homogenous filling of the molds.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Aminophylline Tablets
(100 mg), II

1. Formulation

Aminophylline (Knoll) ................................100 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................150 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................2 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through sieve and press with low compression
force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................254 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................97 N
Disintegration.........................................10 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %
Dissolution 10 min:....................................87 %
15 min: ..................................100 %

4. Colour stability

After 2 weeks at room temperature no change of the colour of the tab-

lets was observed but the long term compatibility between aminophylline
and lactose should be controlled.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Amitryptylline Tablets
(10 mg and 25 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1: No. 2:
10 mg 25 mg

Amitryptylline...............................................10 mg 25 mg
Ludipress [1] .............................................139 mg 124 mg
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................1 g 1 mg

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix intensively and press
with low compaction force (8 kN).

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................152 mg 157 mg

Diameter ......................................................8 mm 8 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................70 N 92 N
Disintegration...........................................1 – 2 min 3 min
Friability .......................................................0.3 % 0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Amoxicillin Dry Syrup

(5 % = 500 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulation

Amoxicillin trihydrate.................................5.0 g
Sodium citrate..........................................5.0 g
Citric acid, crystalline ................................2.1 g
Sodium gluconate ....................................5.0 g
Sorbitol crystalline [10] ............................40.0 g
Kollidon CL-M [1] .....................................6.0 g
Orange flavour .........................................1.5 g
Lemon flavour ..........................................0.5 g
Saccharin sodium.....................................0.4 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix all components and fill in a flask.

3. Preparation of the suspension for administration

To 66 g of the powder add water to fill to a total volume of 100 ml

shaking very well.

4. Properties of the suspension

The pH of the suspension is about 4.9.

No sedimentation could be observed during more than 24 hours.
The redispersibility is very easy after 2 weeks.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5. Influence of the amount of Kollidon CL-M on the sedimentation of the
obtained suspension

100
Relative sediment volume after 24 h [%]

90

80

70

60

50

0
0 2 4 6 8
Kollidon CL-M in the administration form [%]

BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998

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4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Amoxicillin Lyophylisate for Injection

(250 mg)
(according to Eur. Patent 0.012.495 + 0.012.496, 1979, Beecham)

1. Formulation

Amoxicillin sodium ..................................6.25 g

Kollidon 12 PF [1] ...................................7.50 g
Water for injections .....................add 100.00 ml

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the active ingredient in the well stirred solution of Kollidon 12 PF

and after freeze-drying, fill 500-mg-portions of the dry lyophilisate into
ampoules.

3. Administration

Prior to administration, the dry content of an ampoule is mixed with

1.9 ml of water to give a clear injection solution.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Amoxicillin Tablets
(125 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Amoxicillin ...............................................125 g
Corn starch [3] ........................................148 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] .............................................9 g
Water ..............................................about 60 g
III. Kollidon CL [1]...........................................15 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, sieve and mix with III. Press with
low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................297 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................62 N
Disintegration ..........................................4 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Ampicillin + Cloxacillin Oily Suspension

(1.5 % + 4.0 %)

1. Formulation

I. Ampicillin sodium .....................................1.5 g

Cloxacillin sodium.....................................4.0 g
II. Lutrol F 68 [1]...........................................3.0 g
III. Antioxidant................................................q. s.
Castor oil ...............................................91.5 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat the mixture III to 50 °C and dissolve II. Add the components I and
stir during cooling to room temperature.

3. Properties of the suspension

A homogeneous suspension was obtained.

4. Remark

The castor oil should not be heated to more than 50 °C because at

higher temperature a strong thickening effect was observed.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Ampicillin Dry Syrup

(5 % = 500 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulation

Ampicillin trihydrate ..................................5.0 g

Sodium citrate..........................................5.0 g
Citric acid, crystalline ................................2.1 g
Sodium gluconate ....................................5.0 g
Sorbitol crystalline [10] ............................40.0 g
Kollidon CL-M [1] .....................................6.0 g
Orange flavour .........................................1.5 g
Lemon flavour ..........................................0.5 g
Saccharin sodium.....................................0.4 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix all components and fill in a flask.

3. Preparation of the suspension for administration

To 66 g of the powder add water to fill to a total volume of 100 ml

shaking very well.

4. Properties of the suspension

The pH of the suspension is about 4.9.

No sedimentation could be observed during more than 24 hours.
The redispersibility is very easy after 2 weeks.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

5. Influence of the amount of Kollidon CL-M on the viscosity of the

obtained suspension

80
Viscosity [mPa·s]

60

40

20

0
0 2 4 6 8
Kollidon CL-M in the suspension [g/100 ml]

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Ampicillin Tablets
(250 mg)

1. Formulation

Ampicillin trihydrate .................................250 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................250 g
Magnesium stearate [2]..............................10 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a sieve and press with low compres-
sion force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................500 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................84 N
Disintegration ..........................................4 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Ampicillin Tablets
(500 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Ampicillin trihydrate ......................................500 g 500 g

Corn starch [3] .............................................242 g –
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] .......................................– 242 g
II. Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................25 g 25 g
Isopropanol or water ......................................q. s. q.s.
III. Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................12 g 12 g
Magnesium stearate [2]...................................10 g 10 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .................................................8 g 8g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
mix with III and press with high/medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................798 mg 822 mg

Diameter ....................................................16 mm 16 mm
Hardness .....................................................170 N 154 N
Disintegration ...............................................5 min 11 min
Friability .......................................................0.4 % 0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Anise Oil Solution

(1%)

1. Formulation

I. Anise oil ...................................................1.0 g

Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................1.7 g
II. Ethanol ..................................................34.0 g
Preservatives..............................................q.s.
Water.....................................................63.3 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix the anise oil with Cremophor RH 40, heat to about 65 °C, stir stron-
gly and add slowly the hot solution II.

3. Properties

Clear or slightly opalescent, colourless liquid.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Asparagus Extract + Parsley Extract Tablets

(200 mg + 200 mg)

1. Formulation

Asparagus extract, powder ......................200 g

Parsley extract, powder ...........................200 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ............................200 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................20 g
Kollidon CL [1]...........................................10 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................4 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................636 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................49 N
Disintegration ..........................................9 min
Friability .....................................................0 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Aspartame Effervescent Tablets

(20 mg)

1. Formulation

Aspartame .............................................20.0 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ...........................10.4 g
Tartaric acid, powder ..............................14.3 g
Sodium bicarbonate................................18.7 g
Kollidon 25 [1] ..........................................1.7 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6].........1.1 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix , pass through a 0.5 mm sieve and press to tablets.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...................................................66 mg
Diameter .................................................6 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................25 N
Disintegration ........................................<1 min
Friability...................................................0.7 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Aspartame Tablets
(25 mg), DC

1. Formulation

Aspartame ................................................27 g
Ludipress [1] .............................................76 g
Kollidon CL [1]...........................................12 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................1 g
Lutrol F 68 [1] .............................................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press to tablets
with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................120 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................65 N
Disintegration ........................................<1 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Aspartame Tablets
(25 mg), WG

1. Formulation

I. Aspartame ................................................25 g
Dibasic calcium phosphate [9]....................25 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ........................................3 g
II. Water........................................................10 g
III. Kollidon CL [1] ............................................3 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]............3 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate the mixture I with II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix with III
and press to tablets.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...................................................60 mg
Diameter .................................................5 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................60 N
Disintegration ..........................................1 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Atenolol Tablets
(90 mg)

1. Formulation

Atenolol (Stober).....................................93.0 g
Ludipress [1].........................................287.0 g
Kollidon CL [1]........................................52.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................2.2 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................0.9 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press to tablets
with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................436 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................85 N
Disintegration......................................2 – 3 min
Friability .................................................<0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Azithromycin Dry Syrup

(5 % = 500 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulation

I. Azithromycin dihydrate .............................5.0 g

Sodium citrate..........................................5.0 g
Citric acid ................................................2.0 g
Sucrose .................................................60.0 g
Sodium cyclamate ....................................0.5 g
Kollidon CL-M [1] .....................................9.0 g
II. Ethanol ....................................................9.0 g
Menthol, crystalline...................................0.5 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................0.3 g

2. Manufacturing

The mixture I is granulated with the solution II. The obtained granules are
passed through a 1.0 mm sieve and dried at room temperature. Fill 83 g
of the granules in a 100 ml flask.

3. Administration

Shake 83 g of the granules with drinking water and fill the flask until the
100 ml mark.

4. Properties of the the suspension

White suspension showing no sedimentation during 24 hours and good

redispersibility. The bitter taste Azithromycin is almost completely masked.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Azithromycin Suspension
(5 % = 500 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulations

I. Azithromycin dihydrate .............................5.0 g

Sodium citrate..........................................5.0 g
Citric acid ................................................2.0 g
Sucrose .................................................60.0 g
Kollidon CL-M [1] .....................................9.0 g
II. Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................0.5 g
Chocolate flavour ....................................0.2 g
Water .....................................................10.0 g
III. Water................................................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Add the mixture I to the solution II and fill with water to a total volume of
100 ml shaking very well.

3. Properties of the suspensions

Light-brown suspension showing no sedimentation during 24 hours and

good redispersibility. The bitter taste of Azithromycin is almost comple-
tely masked.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Azulene solution
(1%)

1. Formulation

Azulene....................................................1.0 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................3.0 g
Water................................................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Mix azulene and Cremophor RH 40 and heat to about 60 °C. Add slowly
the water (60 °C) and cool to room temperature

3. Properties

A clear solution was obtained.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Barium Sulfate Oral Suspension

(23 %)

1. Formulation

Barium sulfate ......................................100.0 g

Kollidon 90 F [1] .......................................5.0 g
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium ................0.4 g
Sodium bisulfite .....................................< 0.5 g
Preservatives.............................................q. s.
Water ...................................................320.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the preservatives and the carboxy methylcellulose sodium in the

hot water and add Kollidon 90 F and sodium bisulfite. In the obtained
clear solution suspend barium sulfate.

3. Properties of the suspension

White homogeneous suspension having a viscosity of about 160 mPa · s.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Basic Cream for Different Active Ingredients

1. Formulation

I. Cetylstearyl alcohol...................................7.0 g
Cremophor A 6 [1] ....................................1.5 g
Cremophor A 25 [1] ..................................1.5 g
Liquid paraffin ........................................12.0 g
Parabene(s)..............................................0.2 g
II. Water ...........................................67.8 – 69.7 g
III. Propylene glycol [1] ..................................8.0 g
Active ingredient ...............................0.1 – 2.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat the mixture I and the water II separately to about 80 °C. Add the
water II to the obtained solution I with rigorous stirring. Heat III until the
active ingredient is dissolved, mix with I/II and continue to stir during
cooling to room temperature.

This basic cream was tested with different active ingredients soluble in
1,2-propylene glycol.

3. Properties

White cream.

4. Physical stability

No change of appearance were observed during 6 weeks at 45 °C.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Benzhexol Tablets
(5 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Benzhexol chloride .......................................5.0 g 5.0 g

(= trihexylphenidyl hydrochloride)
Ludipress [1]..............................................114.0 g 100.0 g
Corn starch [3] ....................................................– 14.5 g
Magnesium stearate [2] .................................0.6 g 0.5 g
Aerosil 200 [4].....................................................– 1.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components for 10 minutes in a turbula mixer and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................120 mg 121 mg

Diameter ......................................................5 mm 5 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness.....................................................120 N 113 N
Disintegration ...............................................7 min 3 min
Friability ...................................................< 0.06 % 0.4 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Benzoyl Peroxide + Alpha-Bisabolol Gel

(5.0 % + 0.2 %)

1. Formulation

I. Alpha-Bisabolol, natural (BASF) .................0.2 g

Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ......................6.0 g
Triethanolamine ........................................1.0 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................3.0 g
Kollidon 30 [1] ..........................................3.0 g
Water.....................................................40.8 g
II. Carbopol® 940 (Goodrich) ........................1.0 g
Water.....................................................40.0 g
III. Benzoyl peroxide ......................................5.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare suspension II and let swell during one hour. Add this suspension
to the well stirred solution I. Add III.

3. Properties of the gel

Colourless transparent gel.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Benzyl Benzoate Solution

(10 %)

1. Formulation

I. Benzyl benzoate ........................................10 g

Cremophor RH 40 [1] ................................22 g
Ethanol 96 % .............................................41 g
Water .......................................................27 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat the mixture of benzyl benzoate and Cremophor RH 40 to about

60 °C, stir strongly and add slowly the water. Finally add the ethanol.

3. Properties of the solution

Clear, colourless liquid.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Benzylpenicilline + Dihydrostreptomycin
Injectable Suspension
(200,000 units + 200 mg/ml)

1. Formulation

I. Procain benzylpenicilline .........................20.0 g

Dihydrostreptomycin sulfate ....................20.0 g
II. Kollidon 12 PF [1] .....................................0.5 g
Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium ...............0.5 g
Sodium citrate..........................................0.6 g
Parabene ...................................................q.s.
Water for injectables ..........................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Prepare solution II, add the components I to the well stirred solution II
and pass through a colloid mill.

3. Properties

A white homogeneous suspension was obtained.

4. Remark

To prevent of discolouration of Kollidon in the solution during storage 0.2

to 0.5 % of cysteine could be added as antioxidant.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Berberine Tablets
(5 mg)

1. Formulation

Berberine sulfate ......................................5.7 g

Lactose monohydrate [8].........................54.1 g
Ludipress [1] ..........................................54.1 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................1.2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight..................................................115 mg
Diameter .................................................6 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................40 N
Disintegration ..........................................1 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E

Chewable Tablets
(10 mg + 500 mg + 250 mg)

1. Formulation

Beta Carotene dry powder 10 % ...............100 g

Ascorbic acid, crystalline (BASF) ..............250 g
Sodium ascorbate, crystalline...................280 g
Vitamin E acetate dry powder SD 50 ........500 g
(BASF)
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ............................600 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................500 g
Fructose .................................................350 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]..........50 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a sieve and press with high compres-
sion force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ..............................................2,600 mg
Diameter ...............................................20 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................122 N
Disintegration (water) .......................15 – 20 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E

Tablets
(6 mg + 100 mg + 30 mg)
1. Formulation

No. 1 No. 2

Betavit ® dry powder 10 % (BASF) ....................65 g 65 g

Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF) .......................100 g 100 g
Vitamin E acetate dry powder 50 % ................60 g 60 g
Ludipress [1] ................................................369 g –
Sorbitol, crystalline (Merck) ..................................– 233 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1]................................................– 30 g
Kollidon CL [1] ....................................................– 8g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................6 g 4g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through o 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with
medium or high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................599 mg 502 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................60 N 59 N
Disintegration (water) ....................................7 min 7 min
Friability .......................................................0.3 % 0.2 %

4. Chemical stability of beta carotene in Formulation No. 1 (40 °C, closed)

0 weeks 15 weeks

Beta carotene/tablet 80 mg 78 mg

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5. Remarks

A colourant pigment should be added to obtain a homogeneous appear-

ance of the tablets.

The tablets of Formulation No. 1 could be commercialized in Europe as

dietary food because all components are allowed for this application.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E

Tablets
(7 mg + 60 mg + 25 mg)

1. Formulation

Betavit® dry powder 10 % (BASF) ..............75 g

Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF)....................60 g
Vitamin E acetate dry powder 50 % ...........50 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ............................240 g
Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................30 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................497 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................55 N
Disintegration ..........................................8 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

4. Remarks

A colourant pigment should be added to obtain a homogeneous

appearance of the tablets.

These tablets could be commercialized in Europe as dietary food

because all components are allowed for this application.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E

Tablets
(12 mg + 250 mg + 125 mg)

1. Formulation

Beta Carotene dry powder 10 % ..............125 g

Ascorbic acid, crystalline (BASF) ..............125 g
Sodium ascorbate, crystalline (BASF)........141 g
Vitamin E acetate dry powder SD 50 .......250 g
(BASF)
Ludipress [1] or Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ....119 g
Polyethyleneglycol 6000, powder [10] ...........5 g
Orange flavour (FDO) .................................15 g
Sodium cyclamate .....................................10 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a sieve and press with medium
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................790 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................50 N
Disintegration ...................................not tested
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Beta Carotene Effervescent Tablets

(7 mg)

1. Formulation

Lucarotin ® dry powder 10 % CWD (BASF) ...70 g

Ludipress [1]............................................113 g
Citric acid, anhydrous ..............................200 g
Sodium bicarbonate.................................120 g
Sodium carbonate .....................................12 g
Sodium cyclamate .....................................20 g
Aspartame ................................................15 g
Orange flavour ..........................................20 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]..........30 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through o 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with
medium or high compression force at maximum 30 % of relative atmos-
pheric humidity.

3. Tablet properties

Compression force
18 kN 26 kN

Weight ......................................................602 mg 605 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Colour.........................................................brown brown
Hardness ......................................................81 N 108 N
Disintegration (water) ..................................45 sec 50 sec
Friability .......................................................0.4 % 0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Beta Carotene Tablets

(15 mg)

1. Formulation

No. 1 No. 2

Beta carotene dry powder 10 % ..................160.0 g 150.0 g

Ludipress [1] .............................................240.0 g –
Dicalcium phosphate [9], granulated with .............– 175.0 g
5 % Kollidon 30
Avicel PH 101 [5].................................................– 100.0 g
Kollidon CL [1] ..............................................6.0 g 5.0 g
Aerosil 200 [4].....................................................– 2.5 g
Talc [10] ..............................................................– 20.0 g
Calcium arachinate [2] .........................................– 2.5 g
Magnesium stearate [2] .................................2.0 g –

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with a
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................400 mg 502 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................59 N 57 N
Disintegration .............................................12 min 1 min
Friability........................................................0.1% 0%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

4. Chemical and physical stability (20–25 °C)

Formulation No. 1: 6 Months 12 Months

Loss of beta carotene 3% 4%

Hardness 60 N 59 N
Disintegration 9 min 7 min
Friability 0.15 % 0.16 %

Formulation No. 2: 6 Months 12 Months

Loss of beta carotene <8% 9%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Beta Carotene Tablets

(20 mg)

1. Formulation

Beta carotene dry powder 10 % ................220 g

Avicel PH 101 [5] .....................................250 g
Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................20 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components and press with a low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................518 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................90 N
Disintegration .......................................< 1 min
Friability...................................................0.5 %

4. Chemical stability (20–25 °C, protected from light)

0 Months: ..............................110 % (= 22 mg)

6 Months: .............................. 95 % (= 19 mg)
9 Months: .............................. 95 % (= 19 mg)
12 Months: .............................. 95 % (= 19 mg)

5. Remark

These tablets could be commercialized in Europe as dietary food

because all components are allowed for this application.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Betamethasone + Neomycin Gel-Cream

(0.1% + 0.6 %)

1. Formulation

Betamethasone valerate ..........................0.13 g

Neomycin sulfate ....................................0.65 g
Lutrol E 400 [1] .....................................15.00 g
Miglyol ® 812 (Dynamit-Nobel) ................10.00 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] .....................................20.00 g
Water ............................................ad 100.00 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve betamethasone valerate in the mixture of Lutrol E 400 and

Miglyol 812.
Dissolve Lutrol F 127 and neomycin sulfate in water at 5 –10°C. Mix both
solutions. Maintain cool until the air bubbles disappeared.

3. Properties of the gel-cream

A milky white soft gel-cream is obtained.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Betamethasone Cream
(0.1%)

1. Formulation

I. Cetylstearyl alcohol...................................7.0 g
Cremophor A 6 [1] ....................................1.5 g
Cremophor A 25 [1] ..................................1.5 g
Liquid paraffin ........................................12.0 g
Parabene(s)..............................................0.2 g
II. Water.....................................................69.7 g
III. Propylene glycol [1] ..................................8.0 g
Betamethasone ........................................0.1 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat the mixture I and the water II separately to about 80 °C. Add the
water II to the obtained solution I with rigorous stirring. Heat III until the
active ingredient is dissolved, mix with I/II and continue to stir during
cooling to room temperature.

3. Properties

White cream.

4. Physical stability

No change of appearance or crystallization were observed during 6 weeks

at 45 °C.

5. Remark

This formulation could be used for other active ingredients too.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Betamethasone Gel
(0.1%)

1. Formulation

I. Betamethasone valerate ...........................0.1 g

Ethanol 96 % ..........................................10.0 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ....................20.0 g
II. Lutrol F 127 [1] .......................................22.0 g
Water .....................................................47.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare the solution I at room temperature and solution II at about 6 °C

(or at > 70 °C). Mix both solutions. Maintain the temperature until the air
bubbles disappeared.

3. Properties of the gel

The obtained gel is clear and colourless.

4. Remark

Perhaps a certain amount of propylene glycol could be substituted by

water.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Bifonazole Cream
(1%)

1. Formulation

I. Cetylstearyl alcohol...................................7.0 g
Cremophor A 6 [1] ....................................1.5 g
Cremophor A 25 [1] ..................................1.5 g
Liquid paraffin ........................................12.0 g
Parabene(s)..............................................0.2 g
II. Water.....................................................68.8 g
III. Propylene glycol [1] ..................................8.0 g
Bifonazole ................................................1.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat the mixture I and the water II separately to about 80 °C. Add the
water II to the obtained solution I with rigorous stirring. Heat III until the
active ingredient is dissolved, mix with I/II and continue to stir during
cooling to room temperature.

3. Properties

White cream.

4. Physical stability

No change or appearance or crystallization were observed during 6 weeks

at 45 °C.

5. Remark

This formulation could be used for other active ingredients too.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Bran Tablets
(250 mg), DC

1. Formulation

Bran wheat (milled <1 mm).......................250 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................200 g
Kollidon 30 [1] .............................................5 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................4 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................4 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a sieve and press with medium
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................477 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................52 N
Disintegration ..........................................3 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %

4. Remark

If the bran is not milled, the hardness of tablet is higher but the content
uniformity is less.

These tablets could be commercialized in Europe as dietary food

because all components are allowed for this application.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Bran Tablets
(250 mg), WG

1. Formulation

I. Bran wheat (milled <1 mm).......................250 g

Dibasic calcium phosphate [9]..................200 g
II. Kollidon 90 F [1] ........................................12 g
Water .........................................................3 g
III. Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]...........q.s.
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................4 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a sieve, mix with III and
press with medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................467 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................70 N
Disintegration ..........................................3 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Bromhexine Tablets
(8 mg)

1. Formulations
No. 1 No. 2

Bromhexine .....................................................8 g 8g
Dicalcium phosphate [9]................................179 g –
Ludipress [1] .......................................................– 190 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1].............................................7 g –
Kollidon CL [1] .................................................5 g –
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................1 g 1g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with low/
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................204 mg 202 mg

Diameter ......................................................8 mm 8 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................70 N 70 N
Disintegration.............................................< 1 min 1 – 2 min
Friability .......................................................0.2 % 0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Bromocriptine Tablet Cores

(6 mg)

1. Formulation

Bromocriptine mesylate ............................6.1 g

Ludipress [1] ........................................205.5 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................2.2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................214 mg
Diameter .................................................9 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................88 N
Disintegration ..........................................4 min
Friability...................................................0.7 %
Dissolution (10 min.) ...............................95.6 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Calcium Carbonate Tablets

(500 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Calcium carbonate, precipitated ...............500 g

Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................65 g
II. Water........................................................97 g
III. Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................32 g
Ludipress [1] .............................................53 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with the water II, pass through a sieve, mix the dry
granules with III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................656 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................120 N
Disintegration.........................................10 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Calcium Effervescent Tablets

(250 mg Ca)

1. Formulation

I. Calcium lactate .......................................650 g

Calcium gluconate ...................................625 g
Calcium carbonate...................................190 g
Sodium bicarbonate.................................410 g
Tartaric acid ............................................480 g
Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................48 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................12 g
Isopropanol ................................................q.s.
III. Kollidon CL [1] .........................................100 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]..........48 g
Flavour ......................................................q.s.

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, sieve, mix with III and press with
low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...............................................2560 mg
Diameter ...............................................20 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................193 N
Disintegration (water)...........................2 – 3 min
Friability...................................................0.5 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Calcium Gluconate Tablets

(350 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Calcium gluconate, powder......................360 g

Lactose monohydrate [8] ..........................117 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................11 g
Isopropanol...............................................90 g
III. Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................25 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
mix with III and press with high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................500 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................118 N
Disintegration (water)..............................16 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Calcium Glycerophosphate Tablets

(200 mg)

1. Formulation

Calcium glycerophosphate ....................200.0 g

Ludipress [1].........................................297.5 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................2.5 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ............................................q.s.

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................470 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................131 N
Disintegration ..........................................7 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Calcium Glycerophosphate Tablets

(500 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Calcium glycerophosphate ....................500.0 g

Corn starch [3] ......................................117.5 g
II. Kollidon 90 F [1] .....................................15.0 g
Water.....................................................60.0 g
III. Kollidon CL [1] ........................................15.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................2.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, sieve and mix with III. Press with
medium to high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................650 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness................................................220 N
Disintegration ..........................................7 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Calcium Phosphate Tablets for Cats and

Dogs
(400 mg)

1. Formulation

No. 1 No. 2

I. Dicalcium phosphate [9] ...............................400 g 400 g

Wheaten flour...............................................100 g 100 g
Citric acid crystalline ........................................1 g 1g
Lactose monohydrate [8] ..............................272 g 262 g
Flavours..........................................................q.s. q.s.
II. Kollidon 30 F [1] ..................................................– 30 g
Kollidon 90 F [1] .............................................20 g –
Water .................................................................– 150
III. Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................4 g 4g

2.Manufacturing (Direct compression/Wet granulation)

Formulation No. 1 (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with
medium to high compression force (20 kN).

Formulation No. 2 (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry and pass through a 0.8 mm
sieve, add III and press with medium to high compression force (20 kN).

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................800 mg 800 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................85 N 180 N
Disintegration ...............................................1 min 8 – 9 min
Friability .......................................................0.2 % 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Captopril Tablets
(25 mg)

1. Formulation

Captopril...................................................25 g
Ludipress [1] .............................................91 g
Kollidon CL [1] ............................................2 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................122 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................49 N
Disintegration ..........................................1 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Carbamazepine Tablets
(200 mg)

1. Formulation

Carbamazepine .......................................200 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................300 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................496 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................128 N
Disintegration ..........................................1 min
Friability...................................................0.3 %
Dissolution 10 min:....................................75 %
30 min: ...................................83 %
60 min: ...................................86 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Carbonyl Iron + Copper Sulfate

+ Manganese Sulfate Tablets
(24 mg + 0.16 mg + 3.5 mg)

1. Formulation

Carbonyl iron OF (BASF) .........................24.0 g

Copper sulfate........................................0.16 g
Manganese sulfate ...................................3.5 g
Ludipress [1] ........................................100.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................2.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.5 mm sieve, mix and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................131 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................95 N
Disintegration......................................2 – 3 min
Friability...................................................0.3 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Carnitine + Coenzym Q Solution

(4.0 % + 0.1%)

1. Formulation

I. Coenzym Q 10 .........................................0.1 g
Lutrol E 400 [1].........................................0.1 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................0.4 g
II. Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Water.....................................................95.4 g
III. Carnitine ..................................................4.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat the mixture I to 60 °C, stir well and add solution II (60 °C). Cool
and dissolve III.

3. Properties of the solution

Clear, colourless liquid.

4. Physical stability (6–8 °C)

No change of clarity after one month.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Caroate Dispersible Cleaning Tablets

(880 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Sodium chloride ......................................884 g

II. Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................47 g
Ethanol or Isopropanol................................q.s.
III. Caroate...................................................884 g
Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................93 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder ..............93 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate I with soluton II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, dry, mix with
the components III and press to tablets.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ..............................................2,000 mg
Diameter ...............................................20 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................130 N
Disintegration (water)...........................< 30 sec
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Caroate Effervescent Cleaning Tablets

(650 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Sodium chloride ......................................488 g

II. Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................49 g
Ethanol or Isopropanol................................q.s.
III. Caroate...................................................650 g
Tartaric acid ............................................325 g
Sodium bicarbonate ................................407 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder ..............81 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate I with soluton II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, dry, mix with
the components III and press to tablets.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ..............................................2,000 mg
Diameter ...............................................20 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................140 N
Disintegration (water) ...............................2 min
Friability...................................................0.3 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Charcoal Tablets
(250 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Activated charcoal ..................................250 g

(Carbo medicinalis, Merck)
Bolus alba (Merck) ...................................150 g
II. Kollidon 25 [1] ...........................................28 g
Acacia gum...............................................38 g
Water + isopropanol (10 + 3)...................575 ml
III. Cremophor EL [1] ......................................15 g
Isopropanol ...........................................300 ml

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 1 mm sieve, dry until
the relative powder humidity of 90 % is reached, add solution III and pass
again through a sieve. Dry the granules and press with low compression
force. Dry the obtained tablets.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................481 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................55 N
Disintegration ..........................................1 min

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Chloramphenicol Ophthalmic Solution

(3 %)

1. Formulation

Chloramphenicol ......................................3.0 g
Kollidon 25 [1] ........................................15.0 g
Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Water ............................................add 100.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the preservative in hot water, cool, dissolve Kollidon 25, add
chloramphenicol and stir until a clear solution is obtained.

3. Properties

Clear colourless solution having a low viscosity.

4. Remark

To prevent of discolouration of Kollidon in the solution during storage 0.2

to 0.5 % of cysteine could be added as antioxidant.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Chloramphenicol Palmitate Oral or Topical

Emulsion
(2.5 % = 250 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulation

I. Chloramphenicol palmitate........................2.5 g
Lutrol E 400 [1].........................................4.0 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................4.0 g
II. Sucrose, crystalline ................................40.0 g
Water.....................................................40.0 g
III. Water................................................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Mix components I at 70°C to obtain a clear solution. Cool to 40 °C and

add this solution slowly to the well stirred solution II. Fill up with III to
100 ml.

3. Properties

White, homogeneous emulsion without foam formation.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Chloramphenicol Palmitate Oral or Topical

Emulsion
(5.0 % = 500 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulation

I. Chloramphenicol palmitate...........................5 g
Lutrol E400 [1] ............................................6 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ..................................4 g
II. Sucrose, crystalline ...................................40 g
Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Water........................................................45 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix components I at 70°C to obtain a clear solution and cool to about

40 °C. Add the warm solution II slowly to the well stirred solution I.

3. Properties

White, milky emulsion

4. Physical Stability

After 3 weeks at room temperature and at 45 °C no change of appea-

rance and viscosity was observed.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Chlorhexidine Gel
(2 %)

1. Formulation

Chlorhexidin diacetate .................................2 g

1,2-Propylene glycol Pharma [1] .................30 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] ..........................................22 g
Water........................................................46 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve chlorhexidin diacetate in propylene glycol at > 70 °C, stir well

and add slowly Lutrol F 127 and water. Maintain the temperature until
the air bubbles escaped.

3. Properties of the gel

A clear colourless gel is obtained.

4. Physical stability (4 months, 40 °C)

No change of the appearance.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Chlorhexidine Lozenges
(5 mg)

1. Formulation

Chlorhexidine (Sigma) ............................. 5.0 g

Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ......................... 150. g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ................................... 5.0 g
Menthol, crystalline ................................. 5.0 g
Eucalyptol, crystalline ............................. 5.0 g
Aspartame, potassium ............................ 1.0 g
Saccharin, sodium .................................. 0.1 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ........................................ 2.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ........................... 1.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight................................................. 175 mg
Diameter ................................................ 8 mm
Form .................................................. biplanar
Hardness................................................. 63 N
Disintegration..................................... > 10 min
Friability ................................................. 0.3 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Chloroquine Tablets
(250 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Chloroquine diphosphate .........................250 g

Dicalcium phosphate, Ditab [9] .................100 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................10 g
Isopropanol...............................................83 g
III. Kollidon CL [1]...........................................10 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................2 g
Talc [10] ......................................................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
add the mixture III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................361 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness................................................202 N
Disintegration ..........................................8 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Choline Theophyllinate Tablets

(100 mg)

1. Formulation

Choline theophyllinate ..............................100 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................244 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................6 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.5 mm sieve mix and press with very
low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................350 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................70 N
Disintegration ..........................................4 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Chymotrypsine Tablets
(27 mg)

1. Formulation

Chymotrypsine .......................................27.5 g
Ludipress [1] ..........................................71.5 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................1.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm screen and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................100 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................67 N
Disintegration ..........................................6 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Cimetidine Tablets
(200 mg)

1. Formulation

Cimetidine...............................................200 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................295 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass the mixture through a 0.8 mm screen and press with low compres-
sion force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................510 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................92 N
Disintegration ..........................................1 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %
Dissolution (15 min) ...................................88 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Cimetidine Tablets
(280 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Cimetidine...............................................288 g
Corn starch [3] ........................................122 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................14 g
Water........................................................72 g
III. Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, add III
and press to tablets with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................427 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................108 N
Disintegration ..........................................3 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Cimetidine Tablets
(400 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Cimetidine...............................................400 g
Corn starch [3] ........................................170 g
II. Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................20 g
Water ......................................................100 g
III. Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, add III
and press to tablets with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................601 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................91 N
Disintegration ..........................................4 min
Friability...................................................0.5 %
Dissolution (10 min) ...................................62 %
(20 min) ...................................91%
(30 min) .................................100 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Clenbuterol Tablets
(20 µg)

1. Formulation

Clenbuterol hydrochloride .......................0.02 g

Ludipress [1] ........................................99.00 g
Magnesium stearate [2]...........................1.00 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components in a turbula mixer and press to tablets with a

compression force of 20 kN.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................100 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................75 N
Disintegration ..........................................3 min

4. Remark

If the content uniformity does not meet the requirements it would be

recommended to prepare a premix of clenbuterol hydrochloride with a
small part of the Ludipress before mixing with the other components of
the tabletting mixture.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Clobazam Tablets
(10 mg)

1. Formulation

Clobazam...............................................10.0 g
Dicalcium phosphate DI-TAB [9] ............135.0 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] .....................................7.0 g
Kollidon CL [1]..........................................7.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................1.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with
medium compression force (15 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................165 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................44 N
Disintegration ........................................< 1 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Clomifen Citrate Tablets

(50 mg)

1. Formulation

Clomifen citrate ......................................50 mg

Ludipress [1].........................................100 mg
Magnesium stearate [2].............................1 mg

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, sieve and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................154 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................82 N
Disintegration ..........................................6 min
Friability .................................................0.13 %
Dissolution (60 min) .................................100 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Closantel Veterinary Injectable Solution

(12 – 20 g/100 ml)

1. Formulation

I. Closantel ......................................12.0 – 20.0 g

II. Kollidon 12 PF or Kollidon 17 PF [1] ..9.0 –12.0 g
Sodium hydroxide, 50 % in water .......2.5 – 3.0 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] .................ca. 60 g
III. Sodium bisulfite ............................0.01 – 0.04 g
Water for injectables ............................ca. 20 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve Closantel in solution II and add solution III.

The sterilisation can be done by heating (120 °C, 20 min)

3. Properies of the solution

Clear yellow solution

4. Remarks

The function of Kollidon 12 PF or Kollidon 17 PF is to reduce strongly the

local side effects (e.g. formation of oedemas) and to increase the reten-
tion time in the tissue.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Clotrimazol Topical Solution

(3 %)

1. Formulation

I. Clotrimazol...............................................3.0 g
Cremophor RH 40 ..................................30.0 g
II. Preservative ..............................................q. s.
Ethanol 96 % .............................................34 g
Water........................................................33 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve Clotrimazol in Cremophor RH 40 at about 60 °C, stir strongly

and add slowly the hot solution II.

3. Properties

Clear, colourless, viscous liquid.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Clotrimazole Cream
(1%)

1. Formulation

I. Cetylstearyl alcohol...................................7.0 g
Cremophor A 6 [1] ....................................1.5 g
Cremophor A 25 [1] ..................................1.5 g
Liquid paraffin ........................................12.0 g
Parabene(s)..............................................0.2 g
II. Water.....................................................68.8 g
III. Propylene glycol [1] ..................................8.0 g
Clotrimazole .............................................1.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat the mixture I and the water II separately to about 80 °C. Add the
water II to the obtained solution I with rigorous stirring. Heat III until the
active ingredient is dissolved, mix with I/II and continue to stir during
cooling to room temperature.

3. Properties

White cream.

4. Physical stability

No change of appearance or crystallization were observed during 6 weeks

at 45 °C.

5. Remark

This formulation could be used for other active ingredients too.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Crospovidone Effervescent Tablets

(1000 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Crospovidone, micronized ......................1000 g

(Kollidon CL-M, BASF)
Citric acid................................................150 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ...........................................25 g
II. Sucrose, crystalline..................................100 g
Saccharin sodium........................................1 g
Water.........................................................q.s.
III. Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g
Sodium bicarbonate.................................125 g
Flavour mixture..........................................65 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a sieve, mix the dry
granules with III and press with medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...............................................1590 mg
Diameter ...............................................20 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................111 N
Disintegration ..........................................1 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %

4. Remark

The dosage may be increased to 2000 mg crospovidone by increasing

the tablet weight to 3200 mg.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Crospovidone Water Dispersible Tablets

(1000 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Crospovidone M (BASF) .........................1000 g

Aerosil 200 [4] ...........................................50 g
II. Sucrose, crystalline .................................250 g
Saccharin sodium........................................5 g
Flavours ..................................................2-3 g
Water......................................................380 g
III. Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a sieve, mix the dry
granules with III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...............................................1280 mg
Diameter ...............................................20 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................103 N
Disintegration......................................1 – 2 min
Friability ..................................................0.6 %

4. Remark

The dosage may be increased to 2000 mg Crospovidone by increasing

the tablet weight to 2600 mg.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Cyproheptadine Tablet
(4 mg)

1. Formulation

Cyproheptadine ..........................................4 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................194 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all ingredients through a 0.8 mm sieve. Mix and press with very low
compression force (4 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................202 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................46 N
Disintegration ......................................... 3 min
Friability...................................................0.5 %

4. Remark

If the content uniformity does not meet the requirements it would be

recommended to prepare a premix of the active ingredient with a small
part of the Ludipress or with lactose monohydrate before mixing with the
other components of the formulation.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Dexpanthenol Gel-Cream
(5 %)

1. Formulation

Dexpanthenol (BASF)...................................5 g
Liquid paraffin ...........................................10 g
Lutrol E 400 [1]..........................................15 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] ..........................................18 g
Water........................................................52 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve dexpanthenol and Lutrol E 400 in water, add liquid paraffin and
stir heating to 60 – 70°C. Add slowly Lutrol F 127 and stir until it is
dissolved. Cool to room temperature stirring continously when the air
bubbles disappeared.

3. Properties of the gel

Soft turbid gel-cream.

4. Physical stability (3 months, 40 °C)

No change of the appearance and viscosity.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Diazepam Injectable Solution

(2.5 mg/ml)

1. Formulation

I. Diazepam...............................................0.25 g
Solutol HS 15 [1] ....................................4.00 g
Lecithin ..................................................4.00 g
II. Water for injectables ..........................ad 100 ml
Preservative ...............................................q.s.

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to 60 – 70 °C, stirr well and add very slowly the hot
solution II.

3. Properties of the solution

A clear colourless solution of very low viscosity was obtained.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Diazepam Tablet
(10 mg)

1. Formulation

Diazepam..................................................10 g
Ludipress ......................................100 – 480 g
Magnesium stearate .........................0.5 – 2.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with
medium
compactation force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .........................................110 – 490 mg

.............................according to the formulation
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness .............................................> 100 N
Disintegration ........................................< 5 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%
Dissolution (10 min) .................................100 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Diclofenac Gel
(1%)

1. Formulation

Diclofenac sodium .......................................1 g

Propylene glycol Pharma [1] .......................20 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] ..........................................22 g
Water........................................................57 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve Lutrol F 127 in water at 4 – 6 °C (or at > 70 °C) and mix with the
solution of diclofenac sodium in propylene glycol. Maintain the tempera-
ture until the air bubbles disappeared.

3. Properties

Colourless clear gel.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Diclofenac Gel-Cream
(1%)

1. Formulation

Diclofenac sodium .......................................1 g

Propylene glycol Pharma [1] .......................15 g
Miglyol ® 812 (Dynamit-Nobel) .....................10 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] ..........................................20 g
Water........................................................54 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve diclofenac sodium in propylene glycol, add the mixture of water

and Miglyol 812. Dissolve Lutrol F 127 in this well stirred mixture at
4 – 6 °C (or at > 70 °C). Maintain the temperature until the air bubbles
escaped.

3. Properties

White, turbid gel-cream.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Diclofenac Injectable Solution

(75 mg/3 ml)

1. Formulation

Diclofenac sodium ....................................7.5 g

Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ....................50.0 g
Kollidon 17 PF [1] .....................................5.0 g
Benzyl alcohol ........................................12.0 g
Water for injectables...........................to 300 ml

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve Kollidon 17 PF in the mixture of propylene glycol, benzyl alcohol

and water, add diclofenac sodium and stir until a clear solution is
obtained.

The sterilisation could be made by aseptic filtration (0.2 µm).

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Diclofenac Oral Solution

(1.5 %)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Diclofenac sodium.........................................1.5 g 1.5 g

Kollidon 30 [1]...............................................2.5 g 1.5 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ..........................................– 0.5 g
Sucrose, crystalline .....................................40.0 g 40.0 g
Water .........................................................56.0 g 56.5 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve diclofenac sodium in the aqueous solution of the auxiliaries.

3. Physical stability

There was no crystallisation after the storage of 2 weeks at 6 °C.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Diclofenac Tablet Cores

(50 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Diclofenac sodium (Chemag)......................50 g

Calcium phosphate, dibasic [9].................132 g
Kollidon 30 [1] .............................................6 g
II. Ethanol 96 % ..............................................q.s.
III. Kollidon CL [1]...........................................10 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solvent II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, add III
and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................209 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................72 N
Disintegration ..........................................7 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Diclofenac Tablets
(50 mg)

1. Formulation

Diclofenac sodium ..................................50.0 g

Ludipress [1] ........................................150.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................1.5 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] .......15.0 g
Kollidon CL [1] ........................................10.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................226 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................72 N
Disintegration ........................................16 min
Friability .................................................<0.1%
Dissolution (10 min) ...................................58 %
(15 min) ...................................77 %
(30 min)...................................99 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Diltiazem Tablets
(50 mg)

1. Formulation

Diltiazem ...................................................60 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................141 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]............5 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................1 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................1 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a sieve and press with low compres-
sion force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................215 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness .............................................> 100 N
Disintegration .........................................6 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Dimenhydrinate Tablet Cores

(100 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Dimenhydrinate .......................................100 g
Lactose monohydrate [8] ...........................40 g
Corn starch [3] ..........................................40 g
Kollidon 90 F [1] ..........................................6 g
II. Isopropanol...............................................30 g
III. Kollidon CL [1]...........................................14 g
Talc [10] ....................................................16 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................2 g
Calcium arachinate [2] .................................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
mix with III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................210 mg
Diameter .................................................9 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness .................................................27 N
Disintegration .......................................< 1 min
Friability......................................................1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Dimenhydrinate Tablets
(50 mg)

1. Formulation

Dimenhydrinate .........................................50 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................245 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, sieve and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................300 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................144 N
Disintegration ........................................10 min
Friability...................................................0.5 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3.5 Coating formulations (Lab Scale)

Enteric Film Coating

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Sicovit Titanium dioxide [1] ...............................5 g 10 g

Talc [10] .........................................................20 g 90 g
Sicovit Iron oxide Red 30 [1] .............................5 g 10 g
Kollidon 25 or Kollidon 30 [1] ............................5 g 12 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1].................................– 6 g
Silicone emulsion ................................................– 2 g
Water...........................................................100 g 420 g
II. Kollicoat MAE 30 DP [1]................................500 g 200 g
Triethyl citrate (Merck).....................................15 g –
Water ..........................................................350 g 400 g

2. Manufacturing of the suspension

Prepare the suspensions I and II separately, mix both and homogenize in

a disk mill or in a colloid mill.

3. Coating procedure (Accela Cota 2499)

Tablet core loading ....................................5 kg

Core size ..................................9 mm biconvex
Quantity of suspension applied..............1,890 g
Quantity of solids/cm2 ..............................9 mg
Quantity of film-forming agent/cm 2 ...........6 mg
Speed of the coating pan .......................12 rpm
Spray nozzle.........................................0.8 mm
Spraying pressure .................................2.0 bar
Type of spraying ..............................continuous
Inlet air temperature ................................50 °C
Outlet air temperature .................approx. 30 °C
Spraying time ............................approx. 60 min
Spraying rate..........................approx. 30 g/min

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Ephedrine Tablets
(100 mg)

1. Formulation

l-Ephedrine hydrochloride (Knoll) ...........100.0 g

Ludipress [1].........................................397.5 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................2.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................524 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness .............................................> 150 N
Disintegration ..........................................7 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Erythromycin Gel
(1%)

1. Formulation

I. Erythromycin base.......................................1 g
Lutrol E 400 [1]..........................................20 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] .......................20 g
II. Lutrol F 127 [1] ..........................................20 g
III. Water........................................................39 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat solution I to about 70 °C, dissolve II, mix with III and cool when the
air bubbles escaped.

3. Properties of the gel

A clear soft gel is obtained.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Ethambutol Tablets
(400 mg), DC

1. Formulation

Ethambutol .............................................400 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ............................200 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................20 g
Kollidon CL [1]...........................................10 g
Magnesium stearate [2]..............................10 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with
medium/high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................620 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................82 N
Disintegration.........................................10 min
Friability...................................................0.8 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Ethambutol Tablets
(400 mg), WG

1. Formulation

I. Ethambutol .............................................400 g
Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................40 g
II. Mannitol..................................................200 g
III. Kollidon 30 [1] .............................................7 g
Water.........................................................q.s.
IV. Magnesium stearate [2]..............................10 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mannitol II with solution III, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
mix with the components I and IV and press with high compression
force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................622 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................97 N
Disintegration ..........................................9 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Ethambutol Tablets
(800 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Ethambutol (Helm) ...................................800 g

Dicalcium phosphate, DI-TAB [9] ..............200 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................30 g
Isopropanol ................................................q.s.
III. Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................50 g
Magnesium stearate [2]..............................15 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
add III and press with high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...............................................1,112 mg
Diameter ...............................................20 mm
Form .....................................................oblong
Hardness..................................................78 N
Disintegration ..........................................2 min
Friability ...................................................1.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Etophylline + Theophylline Tablets

(100 mg + 22 mg), DC

1. Formulation

Etophylline, powder (Knoll) .......................101 g

Theophylline, anhydrous 0,2/0,7 (Knoll) ......23 g
Ludipress [1] .............................................53 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................1 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press to tablets
with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................175 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................102 N
Disintegration......................................7 – 8 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

4. Remark

To enhance the flowability of the tabletting mixture the amount of Aerosil

200 could be increased.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Etophylline + Theophylline Tablets

(100 mg + 22 mg), WG

1. Formulation

I. Etophylline, powder (Knoll) .......................100 g

Theophylline, anhydrous 0.2/0.7 (Knoll) ......23 g
Corn starch or potato starch ......................50 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ........................................3 g
II. Kollidon VA 64 [1] ........................................4 g
Water........................................................35 g
III. Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................1 g
Talc [10] ......................................................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, dry,
mix with III, pass through a 0.5 mm sieve and press with medium
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................183 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................92 N
Disintegration .....................................3 – 4 min
Friability...................................................0.3 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Eucalyptol Solution
(8 %)

1. Formulation

I. Eucalyptol ................................................8.0 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................4.0 g
II. Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Water................................................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Mix eucalyptol and Cremophor at 65 °C, stir well and add slowly the
warm solution II.

3. Properties of the solution

Clear or slightly opalescent, colourless liquid.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Famotidine Tablets
(40 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Famotidine.....................................................40 g 40 g
Ludipress [1] ................................................105 g 104 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................3 g –
Stearic acid [7] ....................................................– 2g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................4 g 4g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................149 mg 148 mg

Diameter ......................................................8 mm 8 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................74 N 49 N
Disintegration (gastric juice)...........................3 min 1 min
Friability......................................................<0.1% 0.3 %
Dissolution (10 min)........................................63 % not tested
(30 min) .......................................95 % not tested

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Ferrous Fumarate Tablets

(200 mg)

1. Formulation

Ferrous fumarate .....................................200 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................295 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................509 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................92 N
Disintegration ..........................................1 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Ferrous Sulfate + Manganese Sulfate +

Copper Sulfate Tablets
(65 mg + 3.5 mg + 0.16 mg)

1. Formulation

Ferrous sulfate, anhydrous ......................65.0 g

Manganese sulfate ...................................3.5 g
Copper sulfate........................................0.16 g
Ludipress [1] ..........................................70.0 g
Kollidon 30 [1] ........................................10.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................2.0 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................3.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.5 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................149 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................28 N
Disintegration .....................................3 – 4 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Ferrous Sulfate Tablets

(200 mg)

1. Formulation

Ferrous sulfate, anhydrous .......................203 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................185 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................15 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................4 g
Talc [10] ......................................................4 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press to tablets
with medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................413 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................110 N
Disintegration.........................................13 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Fir Needle Oil Solution

(3 %)

1. Formulation

Fir needle oil (Frey & Lau) ..........................3.0 g

Camphora................................................5.0 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................6.0 g
Ethanol 96 % ..........................................40.3 g
Water.....................................................45.7 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix the active ingredients with Cremophor RH 40 and heat to 50 – 60 °C.

Add the ethanol and slowly the warm water to the well stirred solution.

3. Properties of the solution

Clear or slightly opalescent liquid.

4. Remark

The needed amount of Cremophor RH 40 depends on the type of fir

needle oil.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Folic Acid Tablets

(5 mg)

1. Formulation

Folic acid .................................................5.0 g

Ludipress [1] ........................................195.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................1.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press to tablets
with medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................213 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness................................................205 N
Disintegration ..........................................7 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

4. Remark

If the content uniformity does not meet the requirements it would be

recommended to prepare a premix of the active ingredient with a small
part of the Ludipress or with lactose monohydrate before mixing with the
other components of the formulation.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Fucidine Tablet Cores

(125 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Fucidine ...............................................125.0 g
Dicalcium phosphate, DI-TAB [9] .............63.0 g
II. Kollidon 90 F [1] .......................................2.5 g
Isopropanol .............................................30 ml
III. Kollidon CL [1] .........................................6.2 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................1.3 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................3.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
add the mixture III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................200 mg
Diameter .................................................9 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................55 N
Disintegration ........................................25 min
Friability .....................................................0 %

4. Remark

To accelerate the disintegration the amount of Kollidon 90 F should be

reduced and Kollidon CL should be applied in intra- and extragranular
form.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Furaltadone Injectable Solution

(50 mg/ml)

1. Formulation

Furaltadone............................................5.00 g
Tartaric acid ...........................................1.25 g
Kollidon 12 PF [1] .................................25.00 g
Water of injectables ...........................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the solid substances in water at about 50 °C.

The sterilisation can be made by aseptic filtration or by heating (120 °C,

20 min).

3. Remark

To prevent of discolouration of Kollidon in the solution during storage 0.2

to 0.5 % of cysteine could be added as antioxidant.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Furosemide Tablets
(40 mg)

1. Formulation

Furosemide ...............................................40 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................158 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................205 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................81 N
Disintegration ..........................................2 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Furosemide Tablets
(200 mg)

1. Formulation

Furosemide .............................................200 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................388 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................6 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................6 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................618 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................159 N
Disintegration .....................................3 – 4 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Garlic Tablets Cores

(100 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Calcium phosphate, dibasic [9] ..................95 g

Lactose monohydrate [8] ...........................94 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] .............................................9 g
Water........................................................25 g
III. Dried garlic powder .................................100 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, add III
and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................312 mg
Diameter .................................................9 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................98 N
Disintegration ........................................23 min
Friability...................................................0.3 %

4. Remark

These tablets could be commercialized in Europe as dietary food

because all components are allowed for this application.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Glibenclamide Tablets
(5 mg)

1. Formulation

No. 1 No. 2

Glibenclamide micronized (Guidotti)................5.0 g –

Glibenclamide .....................................................– 5.0 g
Ludipress [1] .............................................120.0 g 194.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2] .................................0.5 g 1.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force (about 10 kN).

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................125 mg 201 mg

Diameter ......................................................7 mm 8 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................80 N 107 N
Disintegration ............................................2-3 min 3 – 4 min
Friability .....................................................< 0.2 % < 0.1%
Dissolution (10 min)........................................50 % –
(30 min) .......................................69 % –
(60 min) .......................................75 % –

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Influence of the compression force on the physical tablet properties
(Formulation No. 2)

Compression force
Property 5 kN 10 kN 20 kN 25 kN

Hardness 47 N 107 N 158 N 191 N

Disintegration 2 – 3 min 3 – 4 min 3 – 4 min 5 min
Friability < 0.1% < 0.1% < 0.1% < 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Glutaminic Acid Tablets

(550 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Glutaminic acid .......................................573 g

Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ............................115 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................17 g
Water.........................................................q.s.
III. Kollidon CL [1] ...........................................11 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve
and mix with III. Press with low compression force to tablets.

3. Tablet properties

Weight..................................................719 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................138 N
Disintegration ..........................................6 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Gramicidin Ophthalmic Solution

(1.3 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulation

I. Gramicidin..............................................13 mg
Cremophor RH 40 [1]................................0.1 g
II. Ethanol 96 % ............................................1.0 g
Preservatives.............................................q. s.
Water.....................................................98.8 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix gramicidin and Cremophor RH 40, heat to about 65 °C, stir and add
slowly the heat solution II.

3. Properties

Clear solution.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Griseofulvin Tablets
(125 mg)

1. Formulation

Griseofulvin, micronized (Aldrich) ..............125 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................250 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ..........10 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ...........................................19 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.5 mm sieve, mix and press with low
compression force applying a vibrating hopper.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................367 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................79 N
Disintegration ..........................................1 min
Friability...................................................0.3 %
Dissolution, 20 min ...................................78 %
40 min ...................................88 %
60 min ...................................92 %

4. Remark

The flowability of the tabletting mixture should be increased by higher

amounts of Ludipress or/and Aerosil 200.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Griseofulvin Tablets
(500 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Griseofulvin .............................................500 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ....................................100 g
II. Dimethyl formamide ..............................7,500 g
III. Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................75 g
Lactose monohydrate [8] ...........................75 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Dissolve mixture I in the solvent II, evaporate to dryness, pass the

obtained coprecipitate through a 0.5 mm sieve, mix with III and press
with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................751 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................62 N
Disintegration ..........................................2 min
Friability...................................................0.5 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Heparin Gel-Cream
(300 i.u./g)

1. Formulation

Heparin sodium ....................................186 mg

Lutrol E 400 [1]..........................................15 g
Liquid paraffin ...........................................10 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] ..........................................23 g
Water ................................................ad 100 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve heparin sodium in water, add Lutrol E 400 and liquid paraffin,
stir and cool to 6 °C. Add slowly Lutrol F 127 and stir until it is dissolved.
Heat to room temperature when the air bubbles escaped.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Horsetail Extract Tablets

(450 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Horsetail extract, powder .........................456 g

II. Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................14 g
Lutrol F 68 [1] .............................................5 g
Isopropanol ...................................about 120 g
III. Kollidon CL [1]...........................................14 g
Magnesium stearate [2]...............................q.s.

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate the extract I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
mix with III and press with high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................489 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................75 N
Disintegration......................................2 – 3 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Hydrochlorothiazide + Potassium Chloride

Tablet Cores (50 mg + 300 mg)

1. Formulation

Hydrochlorothiazide...................................50 g
Potassium chloride ..................................300 g
Kollidon CL [1]...........................................15 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................2 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................369 mg
Diameter .................................................9 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................88 N
Disintegration ........................................< 1 min
Dissolution of hydrochlorothiazide,.............89 %
10 min

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets
(50 mg), DC

1. Formulation

Hydrochlorothiazide...................................50 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................280 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................328 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................70 N
Disintegration ..........................................3 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets
(50 mg), WG

1. Formulation

I. Hydrochlorothiazide (Chemag)....................50 g
Lactose monohydrate [8] .........................422 g
Kollidon 90 F [1] ..........................................8 g
II. 2-Propanol ..............................................38 ml
III. Kollidon CL [1]...........................................15 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, add III
and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................495 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................55 N
Disintegration ........................................< 1 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%
Dissolution (30 min)...................................92 %
(60 min) .................................100 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Hydrocortisone Aqueous Gels

(1%)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Hydrocortisone acetate .................................1.0 g 1.0 g

II. Lutrol E 400 [1]............................................10.0 g –
Cremophor A 25 [1].............................................– 15.0 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ....................................5.0 g 20.0 g
III. Carpopol 940 (Goodrich) ...............................0.5 g –
Water .........................................................49.5 g –
IV. Preservative ....................................................q.s. q.s.
Water .........................................................26.0 g 64.0 g
V. Triethanolamine .............................................0.8 g –
Water............................................................7.2 g –

2. Manufacturing

Formulation No. 1:
Suspend I in the mixture II at 70 °C. Prepare solution II, dilute with the
solution IV, heat to 70 °C, and add slowly to the hot mixture I/II. Add
solution V and continue to stir until the gel is cool.

Formulation No. 2:
Suspend I in the mixture II at 70 °C. Prepare solution IV, heat to 70 °C
and add slowly to the hot mixture I/II. Continue to stir until the gel is cool.

3. Properties

Clear colourless gels.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Hydrocortisone Cream
(1%)

1. Formulation

I. Cetylstearyl alcohol...................................7.0 g
Cremophor A 6 [1] ....................................1.5 g
Cremophor A 25 [1] ..................................1.5 g
Liquid paraffin ........................................12.0 g
Parabene(s)..............................................0.2 g
II. Water.....................................................68.8 g
III. Propylene glycol [1] ..................................8.0 g
Hydrocortisone.........................................1.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat the mixture I and the water II separately to about 80 °C. Add the
water II to the obtained solution I with rigorous stirring. Heat III until the
active ingredient is dissolved, mix with I/II and continue to stir during
cooling to room temperature.

3. Properties

White cream.

4. Physical stability

No change of appearance or crystallization were observed during 6 weeks

at 45 °C.

5. Remark

This formulation could be used for other active ingredients too.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Hydrocortisone Ethanolic Gel

(0.5 %)

1. Formulation

I. Hydrocortisone acetate.............................0.5 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................6.0 g
Triethanolamine ........................................0.9 g
Water .......................................................7.6 g
Ethanol 96 % ..........................................60.0 g
II. Carbopol 940 (Goodrich) ..........................0.5 g
Water.....................................................24.5 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare solution II and mix slowly with solution I.

3. Properties

Clear, colourless gel.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Ibuprofen Gel-Cream
(5 %)

1. Formulation

I. Ibuprofen (Knoll-Boots) ................................5 g

Propylene glycol Pharma [1] .......................12 g
Isopropanol ...............................................12 g
II. Lutrol F 127 [1] ..........................................12 g
III. Water........................................................44 g
IV. Nonionic hydrophilic Cream (DAB 1996)*.....15 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare solution I and coll to about 8°C. Dissolve II and add III and IV.
Maintain cool until the air bubbles escaped.

*Nichtionische hydrophile Creme (DAB 1996)

Polysorbat 60 .........................................5 Teile

Cetylstearylalkohol ................................10 Teile
Glycerol 85% ........................................10 Teile
Weißes Vaselin......................................25 Teile
Wasser.................................................50 Teile

In das auf dem Wasserbad auf etwa 70 °C erwärmte Gemisch von

Polysorbat 60, Cetylstearylalkohol und Weißem Vaselin wird die auf
gleiche Temperatur erwärmte Mischung der übrigen Bestandteile in
Anteilen eingearbeitet. Das für die Herstellung verwendete Wasser soll
vor Gebrauch frisch aufgekocht werden. Die Creme wird bis zum Erkal-
ten gerührt und das verdampfte Wasser ersetzt. Die Creme kann mit
0,1 Prozent Sorbinsäure konserviert werden.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Ibuprofen Gels
(5 %)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Ibuprofen (Knoll-Boots).....................................5 g 5g
Ethanol 96 % ..................................................10 g 10 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1]............................20 g 10 g
II. Lutrol F 127 [1]...............................................22 g 15 g
III. Isopropyl myristate ..............................................– 1g
Preservative ...................................................q. s. q. s.
Water ............................................................43 g 59 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat solution I to 70 – 80 °C, dissolve II, add III and cool.

3. Properties of the gel

A colourles clear gel was obtained.

The gel of formulation No. 2 is less adhesive than formulation No. 1.

4. Remark

The function of isopropyl myristate is the reduction of the adhesive

properties of Lutrol F 127.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Ibuprofen Solution
(2 %)

1. Formulation

I. Ibuprofen (Knoll-Boots) ................................2 g

Cremophor RH 40 [1] ................................20 g
II. Preservatives.............................................q. s.
Water........................................................78 g

2. Manufacturing

Suspend Ibuprofen in the hot Cremophor RH 40 (about 60 °C) and add

slowly the hot solution II.

3. Physical stability

The solution remained clear more than one week at 6 °C.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Ibuprofen Suspension
(4 % = 400 mg/10 ml), I

1. Formulation

Ibuprofen (Knoll-Boots) ................................4 g

Sucrose ....................................................25 g
Kollidon CL-M [1] ........................................8 g
Kollidon 90 F [1] ..........................................2 g
Sodium citrate.............................................2 g
Water................................................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve sucrose, Kollidon 90 F and sodium citrate in about 40 ml of

water, suspend Kollidon CL-M and ibuprofen in this solution by stirring
and add the rest of water.

3. Suspension properties

Color .......................................................white
Aspect .......................................Homogeneous
Viscosity.....................................................low
Rel. sediment volume ..............................100 %
(after 1 day)
Rel. sediment volume ................................94 %
(after 4 weeks)
Redispersibility...................................very easy
(after 4 weeks)

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Influence of the amount of Kollidon CL-M on the sedimentation
Relative sediment volume, 4 weeks [%]

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2 4 6 8 10
Kollidon CL-M [%]

BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998

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5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Ibuprofen Suspension
(4 % = 400 mg/10 ml), II

1. Formulation

I. Ibuprofen (Knoll-Boots) .............................4.0 g

Cremophor RH 40 [1] ..............................10.0 g
II. Lutrol F 68 [1]...........................................5.0 g
Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Water........................................................81 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve Lutrol F 68 and the preservative in water II and ibuprofene in

Cremophor RH 40 (I). Add the solution II slowly to the ibuprofene-
Cremophor RH 40 mixture I whilst stirring.

3. Properties of the suspension

The redispersibility of the suspension is very easy after 14 days at room

temperature. The viscosity is low.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Ibuprofen Tablets
(400 mg), DC

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Ibuprofen 50 (Knoll-Boots) ............................400 g –

Ibuprofen (Francis) ..............................................– 400 g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................6 g 4g
Avicel PH 102 [5] ............................................79 g –
Kollidon VA 64 [1]...........................................27 g –
Ludipress [1] .......................................................– 342 g
Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................18 g 8g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................3 g 8g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

No. 1: Mix ibuprofen with Aerosil 200, add the other components and
press with low compression force.
No. 2: Pass ibuprofen and magnesium stearate through a 200 µm sieve,
mix with the other components and press with medium compres-
sion force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................533 mg 752 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 16 mm
Hardness ......................................................93 N 112 N
Disintegration.............................................< 1 min 2 – 3 min
Friability .......................................................0.3 % 0.4 %
Dissolution, 10 min ........................................98 % 82 %
15 min ........................................99 % 91%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Physical stability of formulation No. 2 (20–25ºC)

6 Months 8 Months 12 Months

Hardness – 121 N 120 N

Disintegration – 2 – 3 min –
Friability – 0.4 % 0.2 %
Dissolution, 10 min 85 % – 89 %
20 min 87 % 91% 88 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Ibuprofen Tablets
(400 mg), WG

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Mannitol ......................................................330 g –
Dicalcium phosphate [9] ......................................– 289 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ................................................12 g 15 g
Water .............................................................q.s. q.s.
III. Ibuprofen (Knoll-Boots) .................................400 g 400 g
Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................16 g 38 g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................8 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................8 g 8g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mannitol or dicalcium-phosphate with solution II, pass through

a 0.8 mm sieve, add III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................774 mg 741 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................90 N 177 N
Disintegration ...............................................2 min 1-2 min
Friability .......................................................0.4 % 0.3 %
Dissolution (30 min) .......................................85 % –

4. Dissolution stability of formulation No. 1 (3 months, 20–25 ºC)

Dissolution (30 min)........................................81%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Ibuprofen Tablets for Children

(150 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Ibuprofen .............................................150,0 g
Potato starch [3] .....................................18.0 g
Lactose monohydrate [8] ........................20.0 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] ....................................20.0 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ..........................................3.0 g
Water.....................................................52.0 g
III. Avicel PH 102 [5] ....................................76.0 g
Croscarmelose [5] ....................................1.7 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................2.0 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................0.2 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
mix with III and press with medium compression force (17 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................290 mg
Diameter ...............................................10 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................108 N
Disintegration.........................................11 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %
Dissolution, 10 min....................................95 %
20 min..................................100 %

4. Remark

Croscarmelose could be substituted by Kollidon CL.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Indomethacin Gel
(1%), I

1. Formulation

Indomethacin ..............................................1 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1].................................10 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] ..........................................15 g
Water........................................................74 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve indomethacin in Cremophor RH 40 at 60 – 70°C, add slowly the

water (60 – 70°C) stirring well the mixture and dissolve Lutrol F 127. Cool
to room temperature.

3. Properties of the gel

A clear soft gel was obtained.

4. Physical stability (4 weeks, 40 °C)

No change of appearance.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Indomethacin Gel
(1%), II

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Indomethacin ................................................1.0 g 1.0 g

Propylene glycol Pharma [1] .........................20.0 g – g
Ethanol 96 %.......................................................– 15.0 g
Lutrol E 400 [1] ...........................................20.0 g 22.0 g
II. Lutrol F 127 [1]............................................21.0 g 23.0 g
III. Water .........................................................38.0 g 39.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat solution I to about 70°C, dissolve II well stirring about 30 minutes,

mix with III and cool. It forms a clear yellow gel.

3. Physical stability

Formulation No. 1: No change during 1 year at room temperature.

Formulation No. 2: No change during 12 weeks at 40 °C, 23 °C and

6 °C.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Chemical stability

Lutrol F 127 (= Pluronic® F 127) stabilizes indomethacin against hydro-

lisis as shown in the following publication summary:

Hydrolysis of Indomethacin in Pluronic F 127 Gels

Tomida H., Kuwada N., Kiryu S.: Acta Pharm. Suec. 25, No. 2, 87 – 96
(1988)

„In drug stability studies, the rates of hydrolysis of indomethacin

(Sigma-Chem.) were considerably slower in Pluronic F 127 (BASF) gels
than in buffer alone. The degradation of indomethacin followed 1st order
kinetics, with linear plots of the 1st order rate constant vs. pH in both
Pluronic and aqueous solutions, allowing prediction of the time required
for degradation of indomethacin.“

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Indomethacin Powder for Hard Gelatin

Capsules (160 mg)

1. Formulation

Indomethacin ..........................................160 g
Kollidon CL [1].........................................320 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ............................................q.s.

2. Manufacturing

Mix the components for about 10 min and fill in hard gelatin capsules to
obtain 160 mg indomethacin in each capsule.

3. Dissolution
Indomethacin dissolved [%]

100

80 with Kollidon CL

60

40

20 without Kollidon CL

0
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120
Minutes

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Indomethacin Suppositories
(50 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Indomethacin ...........................................5.0 g
Butylhydroxytoluene ..............................8.3 mg
Lutrol E 4000 [1] ...................................141.0 g
Lutrol E 6000 [1] .....................................14.0 g
II. EDTA ..................................................16.3 mg
Water.......................................................3.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare solution II, mix with the melted mixture I and fill into the moulds
of suppositories.

3. Properties of the suppositories

Weight: ....................................................1.6 g
Colour:....................................slightly yellowish

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Indomethacin Tablets
(50 mg), DC

1. Formulation

Indomethacin ............................................50 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................227 g
Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................20 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................303 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................176 N
Disintegration ..........................................3 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Indomethacin Tablets
(50 mg), WG

1. Formulation

I. Indomethacin ............................................50 g
Lactose monohydrate [8] .........................300 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................10 g
Water........................................................30 g
III. Kollidon CL [1]...........................................12 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................2 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, add III
and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................372 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................72 N
Disintegration ........................................<1 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%
Dissolution, 10 min....................................75 %
20 min ...................................88 %

4. Physical stability (20–25°C)

Storage time Hardness Disintegration Friability

6 Months 70 N <1 min 0.1%

12 Months 55 N <1 min 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Indomethacin Tablets
(100 mg)

1. Formulation

Indomethacin ..........................................100 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................397 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................500 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................61 N
Disintegration ..........................................5 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Inosin Tablet Cores

(200 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Inosin (Ribaxin, Russia) ............................200 g

Lactose monohydrate [8] ...........................51 g
Kollidon 90 F [1] ..........................................6 g
II. Isopropanol .............................................60 ml
III. Kollidon CL [1]...........................................10 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with the solvent II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
add the components III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablets properties

Weight .................................................270 mg
Diameter .................................................9 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................55 N
Disintegration .....................................3 – 4 min
Friability .....................................................0 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Isosorbide Dinitrate Tablets

(5 mg)

1. Formulation

Isosorbide dinitrate + Lactose (4+6).........12.5 g

Lactose monohydrate [8] .......................152.1 g
Kollidon 30 [1] ..........................................5.4 g
Kollidon CL [1] .........................................9.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................1.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................184 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................45 N
Disintegration .......................................< 1 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Khellin Tablets
(25 mg)

1. Formulation

Khellin ......................................................25 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................124 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................1 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix intensively and press
with low compression force (10 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................150 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................65 N
Disintegration .................................about 1 min
Friability.................................................0.25 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Levamisole Tablets
(150 mg)

1. Formulation

Levamisole hydrochloride .........................150 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................300 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................4 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................458 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................80 N
Disintegration .....................................3 – 4 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Levothyroxine Tablets (0.05 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Levothyroxine sodium ..................................0.05 g 0.05 g

Citric acid, anhydrous..........................................– 10.00 g
Magnesium stearate ....................................1.00 g 1.00 g
II. Ludipress [1] .............................................99.00 g 89.00 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Prepare premix I, add II and pass the mixture through a 0.8 mm sieve.
Mix and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................103 mg 101 mg

Diameter ......................................................6 mm 6 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................52 N 45 N
Disintegration...........................................1 – 2 min 4 min
Friability........................................................0.1% < 0.1%
Content uniformity ............................not controlled

4. Remarks

If the content uniformity of formulation No. 1 does not meet the require-
ments it would be recommended to add a small part of Ludipress
(= part II) to the premix I.

The function of citric acid in formulation No. 2 is the stabilization of the

active ingredient. The effectiveness was not controlled in this formulation.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Lidocain Gel
(2 %)

1. Formulation

I. Lidocain hydrochloride.................................2 g
Water........................................................56 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] .......................20 g
II. Lutrol F 127 [1] ..........................................22 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare solution I at room temperature, heat to 70 °C or cool to 6 °C

and add slowly II to the well stirred solution until it is dissolved. Maintain
the temperature until the air bubbles escaped.

3. Properties of the gel

A clear colourless gel was obtained.

4. Physical stability (3 months, 20–25°C)

No change was observed.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Lidocain Gel-Cream
(5 %)

1. Formulation

I. Lidocain hydrochloride.................................5 g
Water........................................................50 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] .......................15 g
II. Liquid paraffin ...........................................10 g
III. Lutrol F 127 [1] ..........................................20 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare solution I at room temperature and mix with II. Heat to 70 °C or

cool to 6 °C and add slowly III to the well stirred solution until it is dis-
solved. Maintain cool until the air bubbles escaped.

3. Physical stability (3 months, 20–25°C)

No change was observed.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Lisinopril Tablets
(10 mg)

1. Formulation

Lisinopril ...................................................10 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................139 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................1 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix intensively and press
with low compactation force (10 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................152 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................94 N
Disintegration......................................2 – 3 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Magaldrate Chewable Tablets

(500 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Magaldrate USP ......................................500 g

Lactose monohydrate [8] .........................400 g
Orange flavour (FDO) .................................50 g
II. Kollidon 90 F [1] ........................................20 g
Banana flavour (FDO)...................................6 g
Cocos flavour (FDO) ....................................6 g
Saccharin sodium........................................1 g
Water ......................................................180 g
III. Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................5 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, dry,
mix with III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight................................................1000 mg
Diameter ...............................................16 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................72 N
Disintegration (water) .............................60 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%
Taste .......................................................good

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Magaldrate Dispersible Tablets

(700 mg)

1. Formulation

Magaldrate..............................................700 g
Lactose monohydrate [8] .........................435 g
Kollidon 90 F [1] ........................................10 g
Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................50 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with low
compression force (4 – 6 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight ..............................................1,200 mg
Diameter ...............................................16 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................125 N
Disintegration (water)..............................25 sec
Friability ...................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Magaldrate Instant Powder or Dry Syrup

(800 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Magaldrate USP ...................................100.0 g

Kollidon CL-M [1]....................................80.0 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ...........................50.0 g
Orange flavour .......................................10.0 g
II. Kollidon 90 F [1] .....................................10.0 g
Coconut flavour .......................................1.0 g
Banana flavour ........................................1.0 g
Saccharine sodium ...................................0.2 g
Water ............................................about 70 ml

2. Manufacturing

Granulate mixture I with solution II and pass through a 0.8 mm sieve to

obtain free-flowing granules. Fill 2 g in sachets or 20 g in a 100 ml flask.

3. Administration

• Instant granules in sachets:

Suspend 2 g (= 1 sachet) in a glass of water (= 800 mg Magaldrate)

• Dry syrup:
Fill the flask with drinking water until the mark of 100 ml and shake
well. 10 ml of the suspension correspond to 800 mg Magaldrate.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Magaldrate Suspension
(10 %)

1. Formulation

Magaldrate USP .....................................10.0 g

Kollidon CL-M [1] .....................................8.0 g
Kollidon 90 F [1] .......................................2.0 g
Orange flavour ........................................1.0 g
Coconut flavour .....................................0.05 g
Banana flavour ......................................0.08 g
Saccharine sodium .................................0.02 g
Preservatives..............................................q.s.
Water................................................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve or suspend all the solids in water under aseptic conditions.

3. Properties of the suspension

– White homogeneous suspension practically without sedimentation

during 24 hours.
– Very easy to redisperse by shaking after the storage of more than 2
weeks.
– pH value about 9.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Influence of the Kollidon 90 F concentration on the redispersibility
after 7 days

25
Number of shakings needed to homogenize

20

15

10

0
0 1 2 3
Kollidon 90 F [%]

BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998

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2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Magnesium Carbonate Tablets

(260 mg)

1. Formulation

Magnesium carbonate USP......................262 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................238 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................4 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................499 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................168 N
Disintegration ..........................................1 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Mebendazol Tablets
(100 mg)

1. Formulation

Mebendazol ............................................100 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................196 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................4 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................294 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................73 N
Disintegration ..........................................2 min
Friability...................................................0.5 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Mebendazole Suspension
(2 % = 200 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulation

Mebendazole ..............................................2 g
Lutrol F 127 [1]............................................3 g
Methylparaben........................................0.18 g
Propylparaben........................................0.02 g
Water .................................................ad 100 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the parabens in water at 80 °C. After cooling to room tempera-

ture add Lutrol F 127 whilst stirring. When the Lutrol F 127 is completely
dissolved suspend Mebendazole in the solution.

3. Properties of the suspension

After one day of storage at room temperature no sedimentation could be

observed.

After some weeks of storage at room temperature some sedimentation

occurred but the redispersibility was very easy.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Mefenamic Acid Tablets

(250 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Mefenamic acid .......................................250 g

Corn starch [3] ..........................................40 g
II. Kollidon 90 F [1] ..........................................5 g
Isopropanol ................................................q.s.
III. Kollidon CL [1]...........................................12 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] .......................................85 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, sieve, dry, add mixture III and press
with medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................404 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................70 N
Disintegration ..........................................2 min
Friability...................................................0.8 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Meprobamate + Phenobarbital Tablets

(400 mg + 30 mg), DC

1. Formulation

Meprobamate..........................................400 g
Phenobarbital............................................30 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] .......................................76 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................13 g
Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................21 g
Talc [10] ......................................................8 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................1 g
Calcium arachinate [2] .................................1 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................551 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................87 N
Disintegration ........................................< 1 min
Friability...................................................0.9 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Meprobamate + Phenobarbital Tablets

(400 mg + 30 mg), WG

1. Formulation

I. Meprobamate..........................................400 g
Phenobarbital............................................30 g
II. Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................13 g
Isopropanol ................................................q.s.
III. Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................21 g
Corn starch [3] ..........................................50 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] .......................................60 g
Talc [10] ......................................................8 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................1 g
Calcium arachinate [2] .................................1 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
mix with III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................559 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................131 N
Disintegration ........................................< 1 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Meprobamate Tablets
(400 mg), DC

1. Formulation

Meprobamate..........................................400 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] .......................................80 g
Corn starch [3] ..........................................30 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................20 g
Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................20 g
Talc [10] ......................................................7 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with high
compression force (20 KN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................560 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................90 N
Disintegration ......................................< 10 min
Friability ..................................................0.6 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Meprobamate Tablets
(400 mg), WG

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Meprobamate............................................400.0 g 400.0 g
Corn starch [3] ..........................................100.0 g 100.0 g
II. Kollidon 25 [1] .............................................15.0 g –
Kollidon VA 64 [1]................................................– 15.0 g
Lutrol E 400 [1] .............................................4.5 g –
Isopropanol.....................................................q.s. q.s.
III. Talc [10] ........................................................2.0 g 2.0 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ...............................................0.2 g 0.2 g
Calcium arachinate [2] ...................................0.3 g 0.3 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate the mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
add III and press.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................520 mg 500 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................95 N 88 N
Disintegration ...............................................5 min 3 – 4 min
Friability .......................................................0.5 % < 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Metamizol Tablets
(500 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Metamizol sodium ........................................500 g 500 g

(= Dipyrone)
Ludipress [1] ................................................100 g –
Avicel PH 101 [5].................................................– 100 g
Kollidon 30 [1].....................................................– 15 g
Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................10 g 25 g
Magnesium stearate [2]...................................10 g –
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................5 g 1g
Talc [10] ..............................................................– 8g
Calcium arachinate [2] .........................................– 1g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.5 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................625 mg 654 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness.....................................................120 N 62 N
Disintegration ...............................................5 min 2 min
Friability .......................................................0.3 % 1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Metformin Tablets
(500 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Metformin hydrochloride ..........................500 g

Dicalcium phosphate [9]...........................100 g
Kollidon 90 F [1] ........................................15 g
II. Kollidon 90 F [1] ..........................................8 g
Isopropanol...............................................90 g
III. Kollidon CL [1] ............................................5 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ..........15 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate the mixture I with solution II, mix with III, pass through a 0.8 mm
sieve and press with medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................650 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness .............................................> 200 N
Disintegration ..........................................6 min
Friability...................................................0.3 %

4. Remark

Due to the high hardness the amount of Kollidon 90 F could be reduced.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Methyl Cysteine Tablets

(100 mg)

1. Formulation

Methyl cysteine hydrochloride ..................100 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................200 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................3 mg
Menthol ...................................................4 mg

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................307 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................55 N
Disintegration......................................2 – 3 min
Friability...................................................0.3 %

4. Physical stability (12 months, 20–25 ºC)

Weight .................................................307 mg
Hardness..................................................85 N
Disintegration......................................2 – 3 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Methyl Salicylate + Menthol Gel

(11% + 5 %)

1. Formulation

I. Methyl salicylate ........................................11 g

Menthol ......................................................5 g
Lutrol E 400 [1]..........................................20 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ..................................6 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] .........................7 g
II. Lutrol F 127 [1] ..........................................32 g
III. Water........................................................19 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve II in solution I and mix with III. The clear gel can be diluted with
water.

3. Properties of the gel

Due to the high concentration of the active ingredients and of Lutrol F 127
the consistency of the colourless clear gel is extremely hard.

4. Remark

Reducing the concentration of the active ingredients the amount of

Lutrol F 127 could be reduced too and the consistency of the gel will be
normal.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Metoclopramide Tablets
(10 mg)

1. Formulation

Metoclopramide hydrochloride ................10.0 g

Ludipress [1] ..........................................89.5 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................0.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................100 mg
Diameter .................................................6 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................35 N
Disintegration (gastric juice) ......................3 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%
Dissolution (15 min) .................................100 %

4. Physical stability (18 months, 20–25 ºC)

Weight .................................................100 mg
Hardness..................................................35 N
Disintegration (gastric juice) ......................3 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%
Dissolution (15 min) .................................100 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Metronidazole Effervescent Vaginal Tablets

(500 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Metronidazole .........................................500 g
Sodium bicarbonate ................................600 g
Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................30 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................10 g
Isopropanol ...........................................150 ml
III. Tartaric acid, crystalline............................500 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]..........50 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix with III and
press.

3. Tablet properties

Weight................................................1700 mg
Diameter ...............................................16 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................113 N
Disintegration ..........................................4 min
Friability...................................................1.8 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Metronidazol Injectable Solution

(500 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulation

I. Metronidazol ............................................5.0 g
II. Kollidon 12 PF [1] ...................................25.0 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ....................25.0 g
Lutrol E 400 [1].......................................25.0 g
Water for injectables ...............................20.0 g
III. Hydrochloric acid 0.1 N ..............................q.s.

2. Manufacturing

Suspend I in the solution II, adjust pH 4.4 with III and heat until metro-
nidazol is dissolved.

3. Properties of the solution

A clear solution was obtained. It can be diluted with water without

precipitation.

4. Remark

To prevent of discolouration of Kollidon in the solution during storage 0.2

to 0.5 % of cysteine could be added as antioxidant.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Metronidazole Tablet Cores

(400 mg)

1. Formulation

Metronidazole .........................................400 g
Avicel PH 102 [5] .....................................150 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................25 g
Kollidon CL [1]...........................................15 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................5 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]..........50 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with high
compression force (25 – 30 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................645 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................87 N
Disintegration......................................1 – 2 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Metronidazole Tablets
(200 mg)

1. Formulation

Metronidazole .........................................200 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] .....................................200 g
Kollidon 30 [1] .............................................6 g
Kollidon CL [1]...........................................10 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................5 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with high
compression force (25 – 30 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................426 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................133 N
Disintegration......................................1 – 2 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Metronidazole Tablets
(500 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Metronidazole.......................................500 mg
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] .........................220 mg
II. Kollidon 90 F [1] .....................................10 mg
Ethanol 96 %.....................................ca. 75 mg
III. Kollidon CL [1]........................................20 mg
Talc [10] ...................................................4 mg
Aerosil 200 [4] .......................................0.5 mg
Calcium arachinate [2] ...........................0.5 mg

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, dry,
mix with III and press with medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................755 mg
Diameter ...............................................16 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................178 N
Disintegration ..........................................6 min
Friability ..................................................0.6 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Metronidazol Vaginal Gel

(1.2 %)

1. Formulation

I. Metronidazol ............................................1.2 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] .......................................21.0 g
Lutrol E 400 [1].......................................40.0 g
II. Water .....................................................37.8 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to 70 – 80 °C and slowly add the water heated to about

70 °C. Maintain the temperature until the air bubbles disappeared.

3. Properties of the gel

A clear colourless gel was obtained.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Miconazole Cream
(2 %)

1. Formulation

I. Cetylstearyl alcohol...................................7.0 g
Cremophor A 6 [1] ....................................1.5 g
Cremophor A 25 [1] ..................................1.5 g
Liquid paraffin ........................................12.0 g
Parabene(s)..............................................0.1 g
II. Water .....................................................67.8 g
III. Propylene glycol [1] ..................................8.0 g
Micronazole nitrate ...................................2.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat the mixture I and the water II separately to about 80 °C. Add the
water II to the obtained solution I with rigorous stirring. Heat III until the
active ingredient is dissolved, mix with I/II and continue to stir during
cooling to room temperature.

3. Properties

White cream.

4. Physical stability

No change of appearance or crystallization were observed during 6 weeks

at 45 °C.

5. Remark

This formulation could be used for other active ingredients too.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Miconazole Injectable Solution

(1%)

1. Formulation

I. Miconazole ..............................................1.0 g
Cremophor EL [1] ...................................12.0 g
II. Parabenes .................................................q.s.
Water for injectables ..........................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to about 65 °C, stir well and add slowly the hot solution II.

After the ampoules have been heat-sterilized, they should be shaken for
a short time, while they are still hot, to eliminate any separation of the
phases that may have occurred. Sterilization can also be performed by
membrane filtration under pressure.

3. Properties of the solution

Clear colourless liquid having a low viscosity.

4. Remark

In Germany Cremophor EL must be declared on the labels of the

injectables.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Miconazole Mouth Gel

(2 %)

1. Formulation

I. Miconazole nitrate (Sigma) ........................2.0 g

Orange flavour..........................................0.1 g
II. Lutrol F 127 [1] .......................................20.0 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ..............................10.0 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ....................10.0 g
III. Kollidon 90 F [1] .......................................5.0 g
Saccharine sodium ...................................0.3 g
Water.....................................................52.6 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve I in the molten mixture II. Heat solution III to 90 °C and mix
slowly with I/II. Let cool to room temperature when the air bubbles
escaped.

3. Properties of the gel

A colourless, clear and soft gel was obtained having a orange like taste
and a slightly bitter after taste.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Mint Mouth Wash Solutions

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Mint oil .........................................................2.0 g –

Menthol ......................................................0.04 g 1.0 g
Eucalyptus oil..............................................0.09 g 1.0 g
alpha-Bisabolol (BASF) ........................................– 1.0 g
Thymian oil .................................................0.06 g –
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ....................................4.0 g 4.0 g
II. Saccharin sodium........................................0.45 g 0.45 g
Sodium citrate.............................................0.20 g 0.20 g
Citric acid ...................................................0.50 g 0.50 g
Sodium fluoride...................................................– 0.02 g
Glycerol ..............................................................– 5.0 g
Lutrol F 127 [1]..............................................5.0 g 5.0 g
Salicylic acid ...............................................0.06 g –
Benzoic acid ...............................................0.10 g –
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ................................17.5 g –
Ethanol 96 % ...............................................21.6 g 6.7 g
Sicovit colorant [1]..........................................q. s. q. s.
Water .........................................................48.4 g 80.1 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix the components I and heat to about 60 °C. Prepare solution II, heat
to about 60 °C and add it slowly to the well stirred mixture I.

3. Properties of the solutions

Clear, coloured liquids having a fresh mint taste.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Mint Oil Solution

(3.5 %)

1. Formulation

Peppermint oil ..........................................3.5 g

Cremophor RH 40 [1] ..............................13.8 g
Ethanol 96 % ..........................................52.0 g
Water.....................................................30.7 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix the peppermint oil with Cremophor RH 40, stir well and add slowly
ethanol and water.

3. Properties of solution

Clear, colourless liquid of low viscosity.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Multivitamin + Calcium + Iron Tablets

(1 RDA of Vitamins)

1. Formulation

Vitamin A acetate dry powder ...................5.0 g

500,000 i. u./g (BASF)
Vitamin D dry powder ..............................2.0 g
100,000 i. u./g (BASF)
Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) ....................1.2 g
Riboflavin (BASF)......................................1.8 g
Nicotinamide ..........................................12.0 g
Vitamin E acetate dry powder SD 50 ........4.0 g
(BASF)
Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF) .................50.0 g
Ferrous fumarate ....................................60.0 g
Dibasic calcium phosphate [9], .............200.0 g
granulated with 5 % Kollidon 30 [1]
Calcium carbonate................................125.0 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] ....................................45.0 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................1.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a sieve and press to tablets.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................500 mg
Diameter ...............................................11 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................75 N
Disintegration (water)...........................2 – 3 min
Friability...................................................0.3 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Multivitamin + Calcium Syrup

(1 RDA of Vitamins/20 ml)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin A palmitate ..............................10.0 mg

1.7 Mio. i. u./g (BASF)
Vitamin D 40 Mio. i.u./g........................0.05 mg
Vitamin E acetate (BASF) ....................100.0 mg
Butylhydroxytoluene ..............................2.0 mg
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................4.5 g
II. Water .....................................................10.0 g
III. Saccharose ............................................45.0 g
Methyl parabene ................................200.0 mg
Citric acid............................................80.0 mg
IV. Glycerol ...................................................9.6 g
Calcium gluconate ..................................70 mg
Water.....................................................25.0 g
V. Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) .............15.0 mg
Riboflavin 5’-phosphate sodium............15.0 mg
Nicotinamide .......................................55.0 mg
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF) ...........15.0 mg
Ascorbic acid, crystalline (BASF).........300.0 mg
Sorbic acid ........................................100.0 mg
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ......................5.0 g

Total amount ...........................................100 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat I and II separately to about 60 °C and mix slowly well stirring to

obtain a clear solution. Dissolve III in the hot solution IV to obtain a clear
solution. Mix the cool solutions I/II, III/IV and V and adjust the pH value
to 4.0 – 4.1. Pass during 10 min nitrogen through the solution and fill in
flasks under nitrogen.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3. Chemical stability (20–25 °C; HPLC methods)

The following stability data were obtained with the same syrup but with-
out calcium gluconate:

(9 months) (12 months)

Vitamin A 86 % 73 %
Vitamin B1 88 % 83 %
Vitamin B2 96 % 92 %
Vitamin C 78 % 77 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Multivitamin + Carbonyl Iron Tablets

(1 – 2 RDA of Vitamins)

1. Formulation

Vitamin A acetate dry powder

500,000 i. u./g (BASF) .............................10.0 g
Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) ....................2.2 g
Riboflavin (BASF)......................................2.2 g
Nicotinamide ..........................................16.5 g
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF) ..............11.5 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)................2.2 g
Cyanocobalamin, dry powder 0.1% ..........6.0 g
Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF) .................85.0 g
Vitamin E acetate dry powder SD 50 .......31.0 g
(BASF).............................................................
Ludipress [1].........................................311.0 g
Carbonyl iron powder OF (BASF) .............10.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................3.0 g
Orange flavour..........................................7.2 g
Saccharin sodium.....................................2.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all ingredients, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with
high compression force (20 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................500 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................69 N
Disintegration.........................................12 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Multivitamin + Minerals Tablets with Beta

Carotene
(2 RDA of Vitamins)

1. Formulation

No. 1 No. 2

Beta carotene dry powder 10 % ..................150.0 g 50.0 g

Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) .........................2.5 g 3.0 g
Riboflavin (BASF)...........................................2.9 g 3.0 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF) ....................2.0 g 3.0 g
Nicotinamide...............................................22.0 g 22.0 g
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF) ...................12.0 g 12.0 g
Ascorbic acid for direct compression ..........110.0 g 100.0 g
(Roche)
Calcium phosphate, dibasic [9] ..................550.0 g 550.0 g
Ferrous fumarate .........................................82.0 g 80.0 g
Magnesium oxide ......................................166.0 g 160.0 g
Cupric sulfate................................................2.5 g 2.0 g
Manganese sulfate ......................................13.8 g 14.0 g
Potassium chloride ......................................57.2 g 50.0 g
Zinc sulfate .................................................37.0 g 37.0 g
Avicel PH 102 [5] .........................................57.0 g 60.0 g
Kollidon CL [1] ............................................50.0 g 50.0 g
Stearic acid [7] ..............................................5.7 g 6.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2] .................................5.0 g 5.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with high
compression force.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ....................................................1300 mg 1205 mg

Diameter ....................................................16 mm 16 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................94 N 88 N
Disintegration (water)..................................< 1 min < 1 min
Friability ..........................................................1% < 0.1%

4. Chemical stability of formulation No. 2 (20–25°C)

Storage time Beta Carotene B1 B2 B5 B6 C

6 Months 100 % 98 % 98 % 100 % 97 % 95 %

12 Months 92 % 96 % 92 % 99 % 96 % 94 %

5. Remark

These tablets could be commercialized in Europe as dietary food

because all components are allowed for this application.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Multivitamin Chewable Tablets for Children

1. Formulation

Vitamin A acetate dry powder....................7.0 g

500,000 i. u./g (BASF)
Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) ....................1.2 g
Riboflavin (BASF)......................................1.2 g
Nicotinamide ..........................................20.0 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)................1.8 g
Cyanocobalamin 0.1% dry powder ............6.5 g
(BASF)
Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF) .................60.0 g
Vitamin D 3 acetate dry powder
100,000 i. u./g (BASF) ...............................5.0 g
Vitamin E acetate ..................................31.0 g
dry powder SD 50 (BASF)
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] .........................200.0 g
Sucrose, crystalline...............................200.0 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...................................20.0 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................1.0 g
Orange flavour, dry powder .....................30.0 g
Raspberry flavour, dry powde ....................6.0 g
Passion fruit flavour, dry powder................3.0 g
Cyclamate sodium....................................2.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all ingredients, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with medium
to high compression force (20 kN).

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................575 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................100 N
Disintegration ..........................................7 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Multivitamin Drops

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin A palmitate...................................0.8 g
1.7 Mio. i. u./g (BASF)
Vitamin D 3 40 Mio. i. u./g ......................0.013 g
Vitamin E acetate (BASF) ..........................0.5 g
Cremophor EL ........................................15.0 g
(or Cremophor RH 40) [1]
II. Parabenes ...............................................0.2 g
Water.....................................................52.5 g
III. Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF)..................0.4 g
Riboflavin 5-phosphate sodium .................0.2 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)................0.2 g
Nicotinamide ............................................0.2 g
Sodium bisulfite......................................0.02 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ....................20.0 g
Water .....................................................10.0 g
IV. Hydrochloric acid .......................................q.s.

Total amount ...........................................100 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to about 60 °C, stir strongly and add slowly solution II
(60 °C). To the obtained clear solution add solution III. Adjust the pH
with IV to about 4.

3. Properties

Clear or slightly opalescent yellow liquid of low viscosity and pH 4.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Multivitamin Effervescent Granules

(1 RDA of Vitamins)

1. Formulation

I. Thiamin hydrochloride (BASF)..................0.26 g

Riboflavin (BASF) ....................................0.30 g
Nicotinamide ..........................................1.10 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)..............0.25 g
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF) ..............1.50 g
Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF) ...............20.00 g
Citric acid ............................................50.00 g
Sucrose .............................................130.00 g
Fructose ..............................................80.00 g
Kollidon CL-M [1]..................................20.00 g
Flavours ...............................................25.00 g
Cyclamate sodium ..................................2.00 g
Saccharine sodium .................................0.10 g
II. Kollidon VA 64 [1] .................................15.00 g
Isopropanol ..........................................35.00 g
III. Vitamin A acetate
dry powder 325,000 I.U./g CWD (BASF) ..1.50 g
Vitamin D 3 dry powder
100,000 I.U./g CWD (BASF) ....................0.80 g
Vitamin E acetate
dry powder 50 %.....................................2.10 g
Cyanocobalamin gelatin ..........................0.66 g
coated 0.1% (BASF)
Sodium bicarbonate .............................40.00 g

2. Manufacturing

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, dry
well and mix with III.
Fill 3 – 4 g in sachets.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3. Properties of the granules

Colour: Yellow granules

Flowability: Very good
Dispersibility: 4 g disperse homogeneously in water
after about 40 seconds.

4. Administration

3 – 4 g of the granules (= 1 sachet) correspond to about 1 RDA of the

vitamins

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Multivitamin Effervescent Tablets with Beta

Carotene, Food
(1 – 2 RDA of Vitamins)

1. Formulation

I. Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) .......................2 g

Riboflavin (BASF).........................................2 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)...................2 g
Nicotinamide .............................................22 g
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF) .................11 g
Tartaric acid powder ................................400 g
Lactose monohydrate [8] .........................300 g
Corn starch [3] ........................................100 g
II. Corn starch [3] ............................................3 g
Water........................................................50 g
III. Beta carotene dry powder
10 % CWD Food grade (BASF) ...................23 g
Cyanocobalamin, powder 0.1% (BASF) ........6 g
Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF)....................85 g
Vitamin E acetate dry powder 50 % ............40 g
Sodium bicarbonate ................................600 g
Flavours ....................................................80 g
Saccharin sodium.......................................q.s.

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II prepared at 70 ºC, dry and sieve, add
III, pass through a 0.4 mm sieve and press with high compression force
at maximum 30 % of relative atmospheric humidity.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...............................................1630 mg
Diameter ...............................................16 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................107 N
Disintegration (water) ...............................1 min
Friability...................................................0.9 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Remark

All components of this formulation are allowed in Europe for food appli-
cation.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Multivitamin Effervescent Tablets I

1. Formulation

I. Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) ..................13 mg

Riboflavin (BASF) ......................................4 mg
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF) ..............11 mg
Nicotinamide ..........................................66 mg
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF) ..............17 mg
Tartaric acid, powder ............................360 mg
Sodium bicarbonate..............................550 mg
Sucrose, crystalline...............................300 mg
Sucrose, powder ..................................300 mg
Kollidon 30 [1] ........................................35 mg
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ..........................................5 mg
Isopropanol ..................................about 80 mg
III. Riboflavin (BASF) ......................................6 mg
Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF) ...............550 mg
Cyanocobalamin 0.1% dry powder ..........20 mg
Vitamin A palmitate .................................12 mg
250000 i. u./g dry powder CWD (BASF)
Vitamin E acetate dry powder 50 % .........60 mg
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] .......80 mg
Kollidon CL [1] ......................................100 mg

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate the mixture I with solution II, dry at 60 ºC with vacuum, mix
with III and press with high compression force at maximum 30 % of
relative atmospheric humidity.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...............................................2500 mg
Diameter ...............................................20 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................140 N

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
 Disintegration (water) ...........................1 – 2 min
Friability......................................................1%

4. Chemical and physical stability (20–25 ºC)

6 Months 12 Months

Ascorbic acid 100 % 92 %

Cyanocobalamin 91% 92 %
Vitamin A 80 % 69 %
All other vitamins > 94 % > 94 %

Hardness 140 N

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Multivitamin Effervescent Tablets II

(3 – 4 RDA of Vitamins)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) .........................5.5 g 5.5 g

Ribolfavin (BASF)...........................................5.5 g 5.5 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF) ...................6.5 g 6.5 g
Nicotinamide ............................................60.0 g 60.0 g
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF)...................30.0 g 30.0 g
Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF)....................200.0 g 200.0 g
Cyanocobalamin 0.1% dry powder ...............20.0 g 20.0 g
Vitamin A palmitate
dry powder 325000 i. u./g CWD (BASF) ........30.0 g 30.0 g
Vitamin E acetate dry powder 50 % .............110.0 g 50.0 g
Citric acid, powder ..............................................– 500.0 g
Tartaric acid, powder .................................400.0 g –
Sodium bicarbonate ..................................500.0 g 500.0 g
Ludipress [1] ..........................................600.0 g 500.0 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]............70.0 g 70.0 g
Saccharin sodium .........................................0.5 g 0.5 g
Cyclamate sodium.......................................40.0 g 40.0 g
Sucrose, crystalline ...................................200.0 g 200.0 g
Fructose ..........................................200.0 g 200.0 g
Flavours (Firmenich) ...................................100.0 g 100.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, sieve through a 0.8 mm screen and press with high
compression force at maximum 30 % relative atmospheric humidity.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ....................................................2200 mg 2495mg

Diameter ....................................................20 mm 20 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................98 N 197 N
Disintegration (water)................................1 – 2 min 2 min
Friability .......................................................1.0 % 0.4 %

4. Chemical stability of formulation No. 1 (after 12 months at 20–25 ºC;

HPLC)

Vitamin B 1 ....................................................93 %
Vitamin B 6 ....................................................89 %
Vitamin B 12 ....................................................88 %
Vitamin A ......................................................79 %
All other vitamins.........................................> 95 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Multivitamin Injectable for Veterinary

Application

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2
Emulsion Solution

I. Vitamin A propionate .....................................4.5 g 4.5 g

2.5 Mio. i. u./g (BASF)
Vitamin D 3 (Cholecaciferol) ...........................27 mg 27 mg
40 Mio. i. u./g
Vitamin E acetate (BASF) ...............................2.1 g 2.1 g
Butylhydroxytoluene ......................................0.5 g 0.5 g
Benzyl alcohol...............................................1.0 g 1.0 g
Solutol HS 15 [1] ...........................................6.0 g 22.0 g
II. Preservative ....................................................q.s. q.s.
Water for injectables ................................ad 90 ml ad 90 ml
III. Nicotinamide .................................................1.1 g 1.1 g
Thiamine hydrochloride..................................0.6 g 0.6 g
Riboflavin phosphate sodium .........................0.1 g 0.1 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride................................0.5 g 0.5 g
Dexpanthenol................................................0.6 g 0.6 g
EDTA sodium ..............................................10 mg 10 mg
Water ......................................................ad 10 ml ad 10 ml

Total amount...............................................100 ml 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to about 65 °C, stir well and add very slowly the hot solu-
tion II. Prepare solution III and add to the cool mixture I/II.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3. Properties

Emulsion (formulation No. 1)

A yellow milky emulsion was obtained having a viscosity below 5 mPa · s
and a pH of 4.1.

Solution (formulation No. 2)

A clear yellow solution was obtained having a viscosity of about 7 mPa · s
and a pH of 4.5.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Multivitamin Instant Granules

(2 – 4 RDA of Vitamins)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin A+D dry powder 250,000

+ 50,000 I.U./g CWD (BASF) ....................200 g
Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) .....................26 g
Riboflavin (BASF).......................................33 g
Nicotinamide ...........................................110 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF).................22 g
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF) ...............150 g
Cyanocobalamin 0.1%...............................66 g
gelatin coated (BASF)
Ascorbic acid powder (BASF) ................1,150 g
Vitamin E acetate dry powder ...................210 g
SD 50 (BASF)
Sucrose, finely ground ........................20,000 g
Kollidon CL-M [1]..................................5,000 g
Orange flavour......................................1,000 g
II. Kollidon VA 64 [1] .................................2,000 g
Ethanol or Isopropanol .....................approx. 7 l

2. Manufacturing

Pass mixture through a 0.8 mm sieve and granulate with solution II in the
fluidized bed. Fill 6 –12 g of the granules in sachets.

If the technology of a fluidized bed is not available, the dry powders of

vitamin A, E and B 12 should be added after the granulation of the other
components.

3. Administration

Suspend 6 –12 g (= 1 sachet) in a glass of water corresponding to 2 – 4

RDA of vitamins.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Properties of the suspension

The multivitamin suspension is prepared prior to application by shaking

the granules with water. The uniform, yellow suspension thus obtained
shows no sedimentation over a period of some hours. The redispersi-
bility is very easy.

5. Stability (after 12 months, 20–25 °C, HPLC)

Vitamin C..................................................91%
Calcium pantothenate .......................not tested
All other vitamins ....................................> 95 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Multivitamin Oral Gel (vet.)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin A palmitate ...............................110 mg

1.7 Mio. i.u./g (BASF)
Vitamin E acetate (BASF)....................1,060 mg
Butylhydroxytoluene..............................500 mg
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ................................20 g
II. Water......................................................725 g
III. Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) ..............355 mg
Riboflavin (BASF) ....................................35 mg
Pyridoxin hydrochloride (BASF) ..............177 mg
Cyanocobalamin gelatin coated 1% .........35 mg
(BASF)
Nicotinamide ........................................353 mg
Folic acid ...............................................35 mg
Dexpanthenol (BASF) ............................353 mg
EDTA sodium........................................300 mg
Ferrous sulfate (7 H2 O) .........................438 mg
Manganese chloride (4 H 2 O) .................638 mg
Potassium iodide ..................................115 mg
IV. Kollidon 90 F [1] ........................................50 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] ........................................100 g
V Lutrol F 127 [1] ........................................100 g

Total amount: ...............................about 1000 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to about 60 °C to obtain a clear solution, add slowly the

water II to the well stirred solution I, dissolve III and IV in this mixed
solution at room temperature, cool to about 6 °C, add V and stirr until all
Lutrol F 127 is dissolved. Maintain the cool temperature until the air
bubbles escaped.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3. Properties of the gel

Colour ........................................yellow-orange
Clarity .............................................opalescent
pH-value.....................................................4.3
Consistency......................................semi-solid

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Multivitamin Oral Gel with Linoleic Acid and

Linolenic Acid

1. Formulation

I. Evening Primrose Oil (Epopure®,

Prima Rosa/SA) ......................................5.0 ml
Vitamin A palmitate .................................30 mg
1.7 Mio. i.u./g (BASF)
Vitamin E acetate (BASF).........................19 mg
Vitamin D 3 40 Mio i.u./g .........................150 µg
Cremophor RH 40 [1]..............................20.0 g
II. Water.....................................................55.0 g
III. Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) ..................3 mg
Riboflavin (BASF) ......................................3 mg
Pyridoxin hydrochloride (BASF) ................15 mg
Cyanocobalamin, crystalline .....................10 µg
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF) ..............10 mg
Nicotinamide ..........................................50 mg
Ascorbic acid, crystalline (BASF) ...............1.0 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] .......................................14.0 g
IV. Lutrol F 127 [1] .........................................5.0 g

Total amount: .................................about 100 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare mixture I and heat to about 65 °C. Add the warm water II (65 °C)
slowly to the well stirred mixture I. Dissolve at 20 – 25 °C the compo-
nents III in this clear solution I/II. Cool the obtained solution to about
5 °C and dissolve the rest of Lutrol F 127 (= IV). Maintain the cool
temperature until the air bubbles escaped.

3. Properties

A clear yellow gel was obtained.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Remark

5 ml of Evening Primrose Oil Epopure contains 3.5 g linoleic acid and

0.45 g gamma-linolenic acid.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Multivitamin Syrup, I
(1 – 2 RDA/20 ml)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin A palmitate ..............................10.0 mg

1.7 Mio. i. u./g (BASF) ......................................
Vitamin D 40 Mio. i.u./g........................0.05 mg
Vitamin E acetate (BASF) ....................100.0 mg
Butylhydroxytoluene ..............................2.0 mg
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................4.5 g
II. Water .....................................................10.0 g
III. Saccharose ............................................45.0 g
Methyl parabene ................................200.0 mg
Citric acid............................................80.0 mg
IV. Glycerol ...................................................9.6 g
Water.....................................................25.0 g
V. Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) .............15.0 mg
Riboflavin 5’-phosphate sodium............15.0 mg
Nicotinamide .......................................55.0 mg
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF) ...........15.0 mg
Ascorbic acid, crystalline (BASF).........300.0 mg
Sorbic acid ........................................100.0 mg
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ......................5.0 g

Total amount ...........................................100 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat I and II separately to about 60 °C and mix slowly well stirring to

obtain a clear solution. Dissolve III in the hot solution IV to obtain a clear
solution. Mix the cool solutions I/II, III/IV and V and adjust the pH value
to 4.0 – 4.2. Pass during 10 min nitrogen through the solution and fill in
flasks under nitrogen.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3. Chemical stability (20–25 °C; HPLC methods)

(9 months) (12 months)

Vitamin A 86 % 73 %
Vitamin B1 88 % 83 %
Vitamin B2 96 % 92 %
Vitamin C 78 % 77 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Multivitamin Syrup, II

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin A palmitate ..............................17.0 mg

1.7 Mio i.u./g (BASF)
Vitamin D 3 40 Mio i. u./g ........................0.1 mg
Butylhydroxytoluene ..............................1.0 mg
Cremophor RH 40 [1]..............................3.00 g
II. Parabenes ..............................................0.10 g
Water ...................................................17.00 g
III. Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) ................0.05 g
Riboflavin phosphate sodium ..................0.02 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)..............0.02 g
Ascorbic acid, crystalline (BASF) .............0.25 g
Water .........................................................5 g
IV. Sugar syrup USP...............................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to about 65 °C, stir well and add very slowly the warm
solution II (65 °C). Mix with solution III and add the syrup IV.

3. Properties of the syrup

Clear, yellow viscous liquid.

4. Physical stability (20–25 °C protected from light)

No change of the appearance after 3 months.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Multivitamin Tablets I
(1 – 2 RDA of Vitamins)

1. Formulation

No. 1 No. 2

Vitamin A acetate dry powder ......................10.0 g 10.0 g

500,000 i. u./g (BASF) ...........................................
Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) .........................2.2 g 2.2 g
Ribolfavin (BASF)...........................................2.2 g 2.2 g
Nicotinamide ...............................................16.5 g 16.5 g
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF) ...................11.5 g 11.5 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF) ....................2.2 g 2.2 g
Cyanocobalamin 0.1% dry powder.................6.0 g 6.0 g
Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF)......................85.0 g 85.0 g
Vitamin E acetate dry powder SD 50 ...........31.0 g 31.0 g
(BASF)
Ludipress [1] .............................................321.0 g –
Microcrystalline cellulose, Vitacel ® .......................– 300.0 g
(Rettenmaier)
Kollidon VA 64 [1]................................................– 21.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2] .................................3.0 g 3.0 g
Orange flavour ..............................................7.2 g 7.2 g
Saccharin sodium .........................................2.5 g 2.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with
medium compression force (15 kN).

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................500 mg 501 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................68 N 195 N
Disintegration (water) ....................................5 min 6 min
Friability .......................................................0.2 % < 0.1%

4. Chemical stability of formulation No. 1 (after 12 months at 20–25 ºC)

Vitamin A ..............................................88 %
Vitamin B 6 ..............................................94 %
Calcium D-pantothenate ................................92 %
Vitamin B 12 ..............................................90 %
All other vitamins.........................................> 95 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Multivitamin Tablets II
(1 – 2 RDA of Vitamins)

1. Formulation

I. Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) ..........................................2.2 g

Riboflavin (BASF) ..............................................................2.2 g
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF) ......................................11.0 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)........................................2.2 g
Mannitol .......................................................................300.0 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] or Kollidon VA 64 [1] .................................20.0 g
Isopropanol .................................................................ca. 80 g
III. Vitamin A acetate + Vitamin D 3 dry powder
500,000 + 50,000 i. u./g (BASF).......................................11.0 g
Vitamin E acetate dry powder SD 50 (BASF) ....................31.0 g
Cyanocobalamin gelatin coated 0.1% (BASF) .....................6.0 g
Ascorbic acid, crystalline (BASF) .....................................80.0 g
Nicotinamide ..................................................................20.0 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] ............................................................65.0 g
Orange flavour..................................................................7.0 g
Saccharin sodium.............................................................2.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2].....................................................3.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
mix with the components III and press with medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...............................................................................560 mg
Diameter .............................................................................12 mm
Form .................................................................................biplanar
Hardness..............................................................................100 N
Disintegration (water).........................................................1 – 2 min
Friability ..............................................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Chemical stability of vitamins A and C (20–25°C, closed)

0 Months 3 Months 6 Months

Vitamin A 15,500 i. u./g = 100 % 15,500 i. u./g = 100 % 14,300 i. u./g = 92 %

Vitamin C 85 mg = 106 % 82 mg = 102 % 77 mg = 96 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Multivitamin Tablet Cores with

Beta-Carotene
(1 – 2 RDA of Vitamins)

1. Formulation

Vitamin mixture (BASF, see “Remark”)....270.2 g

Ludipress [1] ..........................................69.1 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................3.3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................459 mg
Diameter ...............................................11 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................97 N
Disintegration (water)..............................13 min
Friability .....................................................0 %
Content uniformity of Vitamin B1,
B 2, B 6 and folic acid .................conform to DAB

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Remark

The used vitamin mixture had the following composition:

Vitamin A acetate dry powder .....................1.27 %

500,000 i. u./g
Beta carotene dry powder BetaVit 10 % ......11.50 %
Thiamine mononitrate..................................1.24 %
Riboflavin ..................................................0.96 %
Nicotinamide.............................................11.50 %
Calcium D-pantothenate .............................1.91%
Pyridoxine hydrochloride .............................1.15 %
Cyanocobalamin gelatin coated 1% .............2.86 %
D-Biotin, 1% trituration ...............................1.91%
Folic acid ...................................................0.09 %
Ascorbic acid............................................38.20 %
Vitamin D 3 dry powder 100,000 i. u./g ..........0.76 %
Vitamin E acetate dry powder 50 DC..........28.40 %
Phytomenadione dry powder 5 % GFP..........0.19 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Multivitamin Tablets for Dogs

1. Formulation

Vitamin A + D 3 dry powder .......................4.0 g

500,000 + 50,000 i. u./g (BASF)
Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) ....................0.5 g
Riboflavin (BASF)......................................0.7 g
Nicotinamide ............................................5.0 g
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF)................1.0 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)................0.5 g
Cyanocobalamin gelatin coated 1% ..........0.5 g
(BASF)
Folic acid ...............................................0.05 g
Choline bitartrate ....................................20.0 g
Vitamin E acetate dry powder SD 50 ......20.0 g
(BASF)
Ludipress [1] ........................................196.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................2.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................250 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................77 N
Disintegration (water) ...............................7 min
Friability .....................................................0 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Multivitamin Tablets with Beta Carotene

(1 – 2 RDA of Vitamins)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Beta Carotene dry powder 10 % Betavit ® ......10.0 g –

(BASF) .................................................................
Beta Carotene dry powder 10 % ..........................– 70.0 g
Pharma (BASF)
Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) .........................2.0 g 2.2 g
Riboflavin (BASF)...........................................2.0 g 2.2 g
Nicotinamide ...............................................16.0 g 6.5 g
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF) ...................11.0 g 11.5 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF) ....................2.0 g 2.2 g
Cyanocobalamin 0.1% dry powder.................6.0 g 6.0 g
Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF)......................85.0 g 85.0 g
Vitamin E acetate dry powder SD 50 ............31.0 g 32.0 g
(BASF)
Ludipress [1] .............................................321.0 g 210.0 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1]................................................– 7.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2] .................................3.0 g 3.0 g
Orange flavour ..............................................7.0 g 7.0 g
Saccharin sodium .........................................2.0 g 2.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with
medium compression force.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ..........................................508 mg 449 mg

Diameter ...........................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ..........................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ..............................................72 N 47 N
Disintegration (water) ....................................5 min 10 min
Friability ...........................................< 0.1% 0.15 %

4. Chemical stability of vitamins in formulation No. 1 (20–25°C, HPLC)

Storage time Beta Carotene B1 B2 B5 B6 C

6 Months 100 % 100 % 90 % 100 % 98 % 96 %

12 Months 100 % 98 % 87 % 100 % 97 % 94 %

5. Remark

Formulation No. 1 could be commercialized in Europe as dietary food

because all components are allowed for this application.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Multivitamin Two Chamber Ampules

1. Formulations

Chamber 1:
I. Vitamin A palmitate .................................40 mg
1.7 Mio. i.u./g (BASF)
Vitamin E acetate (BASF).......................200 mg
Vitamin D 2 40 Mio. i.u./g ........................0.2 mg
Butylhydroxytoluene ..............................2.6 mg
Butylhydroxyanisol .................................1.4 mg
Solutol HS 15 [1] ......................................4.0 g
Lutrol E 400 [1].........................................2.0 g
II. Water.....................................................70.0 g
III. Sodium ascorbate crystalline ....................2.2 g
Dexpanthenol (BASF) ............................300 mg
Folic acid ..............................................0.8 mg
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ..................30.0 ml
Chamber 2:
I. Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) ..............110 mg
Riboflavin phosphate sodium...................66 mg
Nicotinamide .......................................440 mg
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF) ..............44 mg
II. Parabenes ..............................................18 mg
Citric acid.............................................252 mg
Sodium hydroxide, solution 1 molar .........2.4 ml
Hydrochloric acid, 0.1 molar ....................8.0 ml
Water for injectables ...............................9.6 ml

2. Manufacturing

Chamber 1: Heat mixture I to 60 °C, add slowly the water of the same
temperature and mix with solution III. Adjust the pH to about 7, pass
nitrogen through the solution and fill in ampules under nitrogen. Sterilize
at 120 °C during 10 min.
Chamber 2: Dissolve the mixture I in the buffer solution II, keep it during
5 min under nitrogen bubbles, filter through a 0.2 µm membrane and fill
in ampules under nitrogen. The pH-value is about 4.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3. Chemical stability (Vitamin contents after 12 months at 20–25°C,
HPLC)

Vitamin A: .................................not determined

Folic acid:.................................................75 %
Dexpanthenol: ..........................................91%
Vitamin B 1: ...............................................93 %
Vitamin B 2: ...............................................90 %
Nicotinamide:..........................................100 %
Vitamin B 6: ...............................................97 %
Vitamin C: ................................................94 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Nalidixic Acid Tablets

(500 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Nalidixic acid ...........................................500 g

II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................15 g
Water ......................................................125 g
III. Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................25 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate I with the solution II, dry and pass through a 0.8 mm-sieve,
add the mixture III, mix during 10 minutes, pass again through a 0.8 mm-
sieve and press with low compression force (10 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................545 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................104 N
Disintegration (water) ...............................1 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %
Dissolution (30 min)...................................59 %
(60 min)...................................73 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Naproxen Tablets
(250 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Naproxen (Midas) ....................................250 g

Kollidon 90 F [1] ..........................................6 g
II. Kollidon 90 F [1] ..........................................4 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ..................................4 g
Water........................................................41 g
III. Tablettose [8]...........................................150 g
Stearic acid [7] ............................................1 g
AcDiSol [5] ................................................10 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................1 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ..........10 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
add III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................441 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................47 N
Disintegration ..........................................2 min
Friability...................................................0.5 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Naproxen Tablets
(450 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Naproxen (Syntex) .....................................457.5 g 457.5 g

Kollidon CL [1].............................................10.0 g –
II. Kollidon 30 [1] .............................................25.0 g 25.0 g
Water .........................................................90.0 g 90.0 g
III. Magnesium stearate (Merck) ..........................2.5 g 2.5 g
Kollidon CL [1] ....................................................– 10.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, add III
and press to tablets with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................496 mg 511 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness.....................................................100 N 95 N
Disintegration ...............................................4 min 3 min
Friability .......................................................0.3 % 0.3 %
Dissolution, pH 7.4 (10 min) .........................85.5 % 86.9 %
(30 min).........................95.2 % 94.3 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Neomycin Gel
(0.05 %)

1. Formulation

Neomycin sulfate ....................................0.05 g

Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ......................5.0 g
Parabenes ...............................................0.5 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] .......................................20.0 g
Water.....................................................74.5 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the parabenes and Lutrol F 127 in water heated to about 80 °C,
add the propylene glycol and dissolve neomycin sulfate. Cool to room
temperature when the air bubbles escaped.

Alternative:
Dissolve parabenes in hot water, cool to 5-10 °C, dissolve Lutrol F 127,
add propylene glycol and dissolve neomycin sulfate. Maintain the cool
temperature until the air bubbles escaped.

3. Properties of the gel

A clear semisoft gel was obtained.

4. Physical stability (6 weeks)

No change at 6 °C and 23 °C. Yellowish at 45 °C.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Neomycin Tablets
(250 mg)

1. Formulation

Neomycin sulfate .....................................250 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................334 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................6 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ...........................................10 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all componnents, pass through a 0.8 mm-sieve and press to tablets
with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................600 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................76 N
Disintegration.........................................14 min
Friability...................................................0.8 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Nicotinic Acid (= Niacin) Tablets

(200 mg)

1. Formulation

Nicotinic acid (Lonza).................................200.0 g

Ludipress [1] .............................................200.0 g
Kollidon CL [1] ..............................................5.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2] .................................1.5 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ...............................................3.0 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]............10.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all componts through a 0.5 mm sieve, mix and press with very low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................419 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness.....................................................144 N
Disintegration ...............................................1 min
Friability .......................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Nifedipine Tablet Cores

(10 mg)
(According to Ph.Eur. Patent 0078.430, 1982)

1. Formulation

I. Nifedipine...............................................10.0 g
Kollidon 25 [1] ........................................40.0 g
II. Methylene chloride................................180.0 g
III. Microcrystalline Cellulose [5]..................105.0 g
Corn starch [3] .......................................20.0 g
Kollidon CL [1]........................................25.0 g
IV. Magnesium stearate .................................0.4 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Dissolve mixture I in II. Granulate mixture III with solution I/II, sieve, dry
the obtained coprecipitate, add IV and press with low to medium
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................223 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness ................................................132 N
Disintegration ...............................about 10 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%
Dissolution (20 min)...................................90 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Nitrendipine Tablets
(25 mg)

1. Formulation

Nitrendipine............................................26.0 g
Ludipress [1] ..........................................53.0 g
Kollidon CL [1] .........................................1.5 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................0.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.5 mm sieve, mix and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...................................................82 mg
Diameter .................................................6 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................63 N
Disintegration ........................................< 1 min
Friability...................................................0.3 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Nitrofurantoin Tablet Cores

(100 mg)
(According to E.A.Hosny, A.M.S. Ahmed, Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm 20(9),
1631 – 38, 1994)

1. Formulation

I. Nitrofurantoin ..........................................100 g
Corn starch [3] ..........................................20 g
Lactose [8] ................................................38 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................10 g
Water.........................................................q.s.
III. Kollidon CL [1] ............................................5 g
Corn starch [3] ............................................8 g
Talc [10] ......................................................3 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................1 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, sieve, mix with III and press.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................180 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Disintegration ..........................................5 min
Dissolution (60 min)...................................78 %
(120 min) .................................93 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Nitrofurantoin Tablets
(100 mg)

1. Formulation

Nitrofurantoin ..........................................100 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................200 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................307 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................85 N
Disintegration......................................1 – 2 min
Friability...................................................0.5 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Norephedrine Syrup (40 mg/10 g)

1. Formulation

DL-Norephedrine hydrochloride.................0.4 g
Parabenes (Nipa) ......................................0.1 g
Saccharin sodium.....................................0.5 g
Kollidon 90 F [1] .......................................3.0 g
Sorbitol solution .....................................50.0 g
(Karion ® F liquid, Merck)
Water.....................................................46.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the parabenes in the hot water, add the sorbitol, cool to room
temperature and dissolve the other components.

3. Properties of the syrup

Appearance .................................clear solution

Taste ...............................................reasonable

4. Remarks

To prevent of discolouration of Kollidon in the solution during storage 0.1

to 0.5 % of cysteine could be added as antioxidant.

Flavours should be added to adjust the required taste.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Nystatin Suspension
(100,000 i.u./ml)

1. Formulation

Nystatin .................................................2.25 g
Kollidon CL-M [1]....................................5.75 g
Kollidon 90 F [1] .....................................2.00 g
Sorbitol [10]..........................................24.80 g
Citric acid ..............................................0.50 g
Water ...................................................64.70 g

2. Manufacturing

Nystatin, Kollidon CL-M, sorbitol and citric acid are suspended in water.
Kollidon 90 F is added slowly in small portions under vigorous stirring.

3. Properties of the suspension

Colour ....................................................yellow
Viscosity (25 °C) ...............................60 mPa · s
Sedimentation .......not observed after one week
Redispersibility ..........................................easy

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Nystatin Tabet Cores

(200 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Nystatin ..................................................200 g
Lactose monohydrate [8] ...........................51 g
II. Isopropanol .............................................40 ml
III. Kollidon CL [1]...........................................10 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with the solvent II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
add the components III and press with medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................270 mg
Diameter .................................................9 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................40 N
Disintegration.........................................14 min
Friability .....................................................0 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Nystatin Tablets
(50 mg and 100 mg)

1. Formulations

50 mg 100 mg

Nystatin ......................................................55.0 g 110.0 g

Ludipress [1]..............................................110.0 g 220.0 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ...............................................1.0 g 2.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2] .................................1.3 g 2.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix the components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with very
low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

50 mg 100 mg

Weight ......................................................175 mg 339 mg

Diameter ......................................................8 mm 10 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................54 N 66 N
Disintegration .............................................10 min 9 min
Friability .......................................................0.6 % 0.3 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Omega Fatty Acids Tablet Cores

(10 mg EPA + DHA)

1. Formulation

Omega Fatty Acids Dry N-3 (BASF)........140.0 g

Avicel PH 101 [5] ..................................140.0 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] .....................................8.4 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................2.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................289 mg
Diameter .................................................9 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness ..................................................71 N
Friability ..................................................< 0.15

4. Remarks

– The dry powder Omega Fatty Acids Dry N-3 contains 25 % fish oil.
This fish oil consists of about 30 % EPA+DHA.

– These tablet cores could be coated with an enteric coating of

Kollicoat MAE 30 D [1] (see chapter 3).

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Oxytetracycline Injectable Solution for

Veterinary Application (500 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulation

I. Oxytetracycline hydrochloride ...................5.7 g

II. Kollidon 17 PF [1] ...................................10.0 g
Reducing agent ........................................0.5 g
(e.g. Rongalite® C, BASF)
Water for injectables ..........................ad 100 ml
III. Magnesium oxide ...................................0.46 g
IV. Ethanolamine ...........................to adjust pH 8.8

2. Manufacturing

Suspend III in solution II, pass continously nitrogen through the solution
to avoid oxidation and add slowly I to the well stirred solution. Adjust the
pH with IV.

3. Properties of the solution

Yellow clear solution.

4. Remarks

The absence of oxygen during manufacturing and in the final packaging

and a good quality of oxytetracycline HCl are essential to avoid the
oxidation (= dark solution).

The function of Kollidon 17 PF not only is the solubilisation of oxytetra-

cycline but also the reduction of its local toxicity.

The reducing agent must be selected in accordance with the legislation

of the corresponding country.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Oxytetracycline Sustained Release

Injectable for Veterinary
Application (2.2 g/10 ml)
(According to US-Patent 4.018.889 (1976)

1. Formulation

Oxytetracycline.....................................22.65 g
Magnesium oxide ...................................1.92 g
Soluphor P [1] ......................................40.00 g
Kollidon 17 PF [1] ...................................5.00 g
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate ............0.44 g
2-Aminoethanol ......................................3.84 g
Water of injectables................q.s. ad 100.00 ml

2. Manufacturing

Mix the water and the Soluphor P, and dissolve the Kollidon 17 PF in the
mixture. Heat the solution to 75 °C. Add the sodium formaldehyde
sulfoxylate and stir until dissolved. After the magnesium oxide has been
suspended, slowly stir in the oxytetracycline until a clear solution is
obtained. After the solution has cooled, set to pH 8.5 with aminoethanol.

3. Remarks

The quality of the oxytetracycline and the complete absence of oxygen

during the manufacturing and packaging of the solution is essential to
obtain a acceptable chemical stability and no dark colour.

The reducing agent e.g. sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate (Rongalite‚ C,

BASF) must be selected in accordance with the legislation of the corres-
ponding country.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Oxytetracycline Tablets
(250 mg)

1. Formulation

Oxytetracycline hydrochloride ..................250 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................230 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................6 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with very
low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................495 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................86 N
Disintegration ..........................................4 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Pancreatin Tablet Cores

(30 mg)

1. Formulation

Pancreatin (Knoll) ......................................30 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................308 g
Kollidon CL [1]...........................................10 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix the components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................355 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................76 N
Disintegration .....................................4 – 5 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

4. Enteric coating

See Chapter 3.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Pancreatin Tablet Cores

(130 mg)

1. Formulation

Pancreatin (Knoll).....................................130 g
Cholic acid..................................................2 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] .....................................127 g
Lactose monohydrate [8] ...........................56 g
Magnesium stearate (Merck) ........................2 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix the components and press with high compression force.

3. Properties of the cores

Weight .................................................324 mg
Diameter .................................................9 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness ................................................177 N
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

4. Enteric coating

See Chapter 3.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Pancreatin Tablet Cores

(300 mg)

1. Formulation

Pancreatin (Knoll) ....................................300 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................290 g
Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................25 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix the components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press to tablets
with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................615 mg
Diameter ................................................11mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................74 N
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

4. Enteric coating

See Chapter 3.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) + Caffeine

Tablets
(500 mg + 50 mg)

1. Formulation

Paracetamol, crystalline ...........................500 g

Caffeine (Knoll) ..........................................50 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] .......................................90 g
Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................10 g
Kollidon CL [2] ..........................................20 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ..........10 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a sieve of 0.8 mm and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................683 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................56 N
Disintegration .......................................< 1 min
Friability...................................................0.9 %
Dissolution, 15 min ....................................91%

4. Remark

If the flowability of the powder mixture for tabletting is not high enough
some Aerosil 200 [4] should be added.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) +
Doxylamine + Caffeine Effervescent
Granules (500 mg + 5 mg + 33 mg/2.1 g)
1. Formulation

I. Paracetamol, powder...............................500 g
Doxylamine succinate ..................................5 g
Caffeine (Knoll) ..........................................33 g
Tartaric acid ............................................391 g
Sodium hydrogen carbonate ....................417 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] .............................................6 g
Isopropanol (or Ethanol) ..............................q.s.
III. Sodium citrate...........................................30 g
Sugar .....................................................707 g

2. Manufacturing

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry at 60°C under vacuum conditi-
ons, sieve and mix with III.
Fill 2.1 g in sachets at maximum 30 % of relative atmospheric humidity.

3. Properties

Free flowing granules.

4. Remark

If the solvent insopropanol is replaced by water the granulation should

be done in a fluidized bed.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) Instant

Granules (250 mg or 500 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Paracetamol, fine powder ...............................50 g 50 g

Sucrose, fine powder....................................128 g –
Sorbitol Instant (Merck)........................................– 130 g
Kollidon CL-M [1] ...........................................90 g 50 g
Aspartame .......................................................7 g 7g
Orange flavour .................................................5 g 5g
Strawberry flavour ............................................5 g 5g
Sodium citrate ....................................................– 3g
Citric acid ...........................................................– 3g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ................................................12 g –
Kollidon 90 F [1] ..................................................– 8g
Ethanol 96 %..................................................75 g 50 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, and pass through a 0.8 mm sieve.
Formulation No. 1: Fill 1.5 g or 3.0 g in sachets.
Formulation No. 2: Fill 1.3 g or 2.6 g in sachets.

3. Properties of the granules

The free flowing granules are very well dispersible in cold water.

4. Administration

Formulation No. 1: Suspend 1.5 g or 3.0 g of the granules (= 250 mg or

500 mg paracetamol) in a glass of water.
Formulation No. 2: Suspend 1.3 g or 2.6 g of the granules (= 250 mg or
500 mg paracetamol) in a glass of water.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5. Properties of the suspensions

Yellowish, milky appearance with a sweet and fruity taste. No sedi-

mentation within two hours.

6. Chemical stability of the granules (Formulation No. 1)

No loss of paracetamol after 2 months at 60 °C.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) + Ibuprofen

+ Orphenadin Tablets
(250 mg + 200 mg + 100 mg)

1. Formulation

Paracetamol, powder < 300 µm ...............250 g

Ibuprofen ................................................200 g
Orphenadine hydrochloride ......................100 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................200 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.5 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................761 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................74 N
Disintegration ..........................................6 min
Friability...................................................0.7 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) +
Norephedrine + Phenyltoloxamine Tablets
(300 mg + 25 mg + 22 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Paracetamol, crystalline (Merck) ...............300 g

Norephedrine hydrochloride (Knoll) .............25 g
Phenyltoloxamine ......................................22 g
Corn starch [3] ........................................200 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................25 g
Ethanol 96 % ..............................................q.s.
III. Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................25 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet formulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
add III and press with high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................601 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................97 N
Disintegration......................................1 – 2 min
Friability...................................................0.7 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen)
+ Phenprobamat Tablets
(200 mg + 200 mg)

1. Formulation

Paracetamol, powder < 0.5 mm ..............200 g

Phenprobamat ........................................200 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] .......................................35 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................20 g
Kollidon CL [1]...........................................10 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ............................................q.s.

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................465 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................54 N
Disintegration ........................................< 1 min
Friability...................................................0.8 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) Chewable

Tablets
(300 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Paracetamol, milled (Hoechst) ..................300 g

Sucrose, milled........................................600 g
Kollidon CL-M [1].....................................550 g
Orange flavour (FDO) .................................30 g
Strawberry flavour (FDO) ............................30 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................60 g
Ethanol 96 % .................................about 425 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a sieve and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ..............................................1,620 mg
Diameter ...............................................20 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................111 N
Disintegration ........................................27 min
Friability......................................................1%

4. Taste on chewing of the tablets

Sweet, fruity and only very slightly bitter.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen)
Effervescent Tablets
(500 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Paracetamol, powder < 300 µm ...............500 g

Sodium bicarbonate ................................500 g
Tartaric acid, powder ...............................430 g
Dextrose .................................................200 g
Flavouring
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................20 g
Isopropanol ...........................................100 ml
III. Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]..........60 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet formulation)

Granulate the mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
add III, mix and press to tablets.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ..............................................1,700 mg
Diameter ...............................................16 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................150 N
Disintegration ..........................................4 min
Friability...................................................0.7 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) Instant

Granules (500 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Paracetamol, fine powder ..........................50 g

Sorbitol instant (Merck) ............................130 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] ..........................................50 g
Citric acid, powder ......................................3 g
Sodium citrate.............................................3 g
II. Kollidon 90 F [1] ..........................................8 g
Ethanol 96 % .............................................50 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II and dry.

Fill 2.44 g in sachets (= 500 mg Paracetamol).

3. Properties of the granules

The free flowing granules are very well dispersible in cold water.

4. Properties of the suspended granules

The taste of the suspension is only slightly bitter (2.44 g in a glass

water). No sedimentation can be observed during some minutes.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen)
Suppositories (150 mg and 500 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2
150 mg 500 mg

I. Paracetamol, fine powder ............................15.4 g 50.0 g

Aerosil 200 [4] ...............................................0.2 g –
II. Lutrol E 400 [1] ...................................................– 10.0 g
Lutrol E 1500 [1] ........................................129.0 g 60.0 g
Lutrol E 4000 [1]..........................................55.4 g 80.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Melt the mixture II and suspend the mixture I. Fill the molten mass in the
moulds of suppositories.

3. Properties of the suppositories

Weight .....................................................2.0 g
Solubility in water ......................................easy
Colour ..............................................colourless

4. Physical stability (Formulation No. 1)

No crystallisation after the storage of 6 weeks at 6 °C, 20 °C or 40 °C.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen)
Suspension (5 % = 500 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulation

Paracetamol, powder ...............................5.0 g

Citric acid, powder ...................................0.5 g
Sodium citrate..........................................0.5 g
Kollidon CL-M [1] .....................................5.0 g
Orange flavour..........................................0.1 g
Dextrose ................................................30.0 g
Water.....................................................58.9 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare the solution of dextrose in water and add the other solid ingre-
dients with stirring in the following sequence: citric acid, sodium citrate,
orange flavour, Kollidon CL-M and paracetamol. A white, homogeneous
suspension is obtained.

3. Properties of the suspension

Practically tasteless, stable suspension showing almost no sedimenta-

tion during 24 hours and good redispersibility (easily to homogenize by
shaking twice to 3 times).

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) Syrup

(5 % = 500 mg/10 g)

1. Formulation

Paracetamol (Merck).................................5.0 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10].............................5.0 g
Cyclamate sodium....................................4.0 g
Strawberry flavour ....................................0.1 g
Kollidon 25 [1] ........................................20.0 g
Glycerol .................................................15.0 g
1,2-Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ..............20.0 g
Water.....................................................31.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve first Kollidon 25 and then the other solid components in the
solvent mixture of glycerol, propylene glycol and water.

3. Properties of the syrup

Clear solution of certain viscosity having only a slightly bitter taste.

4. Physical stability

The solution remained clear during more than 1 week at 6 °C and during
more than 3 months at 25 °C and 40 °C.

The colour of the solution changed only a little during 3 months at 25 °C

and 40 °C. To prevent of discolouration during storage 0.2 to 0.5 % of
cysteine could be added as antioxidant.

5. Chemical stability (HPLC)

No loss of paracetamol was found during 3 months at 40 °C.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) Syrup

for Children
(2.5 % = 250 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulation

Paracetamol, crystalline ............................2.5 g

Kollidon 25 or Kollidon 30 [1] ..................30.0 g
Glycerol ...................................................6.0 g
Sodium cyclamate ....................................4.0 g
Orange flavour .......................................< 0.1 g
Raspberry flavour .....................................0.2 g
Water .....................................................57.5 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve Kollidon in water, add paracetamol and cyclamate, heat to

50 °C and stir to obtain a clear solution. Dissolve the flavours and mix
with glycerol.

3. Properties of the syrup

The obtained syrup is a viscous, clear sweet and only slightly bitter
liquid.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) Tablet

Cores
(500 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Paracetamol, powder (RPR) .....................500 g

Dicalcium phosphate [9] ............................30 g
Kollidon CL [1]...........................................12 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................20 g
II. Kollidon 90 F [1] ........................................10 g
Ethanol 96 %.....................................max. 70 g
III. Kollidon CL [1]...........................................12 g
Polyethylene glycol, powder [6] ..................10 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, sieve and mix with III. Press with
high compression force of 25 – 30 kN.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................587 mg
Diameter ...............................................11 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness ................................................157 N
Disintegration .......................................< 1 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%
Dissolution, 10 min....................................88 %
30 min ...................................97 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) Tablets

(500 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Paracetamol, crystalline ...............................500 g 500 g

(Synopharm)
Avicel PH 102 [5] ..........................................137 g 150 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................35 g 20 g
Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................21 g 15 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................3 g –
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ...................– 15 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .................................................4 g 2g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass the lubricant through a 200 µm sieve, mix all other components,
pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, add the lubricant and press with high
compression force of 25 – 30 kN.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ..........................................699 mg 703 mg

Diameter ...........................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ..........................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ..............................................60 N 87 N
Disintegration .............................................6 min 1 min
Friability .............................................0.7 % 0.4 %
Dissolution, 10 min ........................................84 % 73 %
30 min ........................................98 % 86 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen) Tablets for

Children
(200 mg)

1. Formulation

Paracetamol (= Acetaminophen, Merck) ....210 g

Avicel PH 101 [5] .....................................168 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................13 g
Kollidon CL [1] ............................................6 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................401 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................65 N
Disintegration ........................................< 1 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Phendimetrazin Tablets
(35 mg)

1. Formulation

Phendimetrazin .........................................35 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................281 g
Corn starch [3] ........................................281 g
Magnesium stearate [2] .............................> 3 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................> 3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................604 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................146 N
Disintegration (water)...........................3 – 4 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

4. Remark

The amount of Ludipress and/or corn starch could be reduced.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Phenindion Tablets
(50 mg)

1. Formulation

Phenindion................................................50 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................165 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................230 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................193 N
Disintegration.........................................15 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Phenolphthalein Tablet Cores

(200 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Phenolphthalein.......................................200 g
Dibasic calcium phosphate [9] ..................150 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................11 g
Isopropanol or ethanol 96 % .......................q. s.
III. Kollidon CL [1]...........................................19 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, mix with III, pass through a 0.8 sieve
and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................385 mg
Diameter .................................................9 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness................................................280 N
Disintegration (water) .............................< 1 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Phenytoin Oral Suspension

(5 %)

1. Formulation

Phenytoin ...................................................5 g
Kollidon CL-M [1] ........................................8 g
Kollidon 90 F [1] ..........................................1 g
Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Water........................................................86 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the preservative and Kollidon 90 F in water and suspend

Kollidon CL-M and phenytoin.

3. Content uniformity of phenytoin in the suspension

after 1 h after 24 h
60
mg Phenytoin/ml

50

40

30

20

10

0
low area medium area high area
Fractions of the suspension

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Phenytoin Sodium Tablets

(100 mg), DC

1. Formulation

Phenytoin sodium (Sigma) ........................100 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................235 g
Magnesium stearate [2]..............................10 g
Kollidon CL [1] ............................................8 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................346 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................82 N
Disintegration ..........................................9 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %
Dissolution, 10 min....................................57 %
30 min ...................................89 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Phenytoin Sodium Tablets

(100 mg), WG

1. Formulation

I. Phenytoin sodium ....................................100 g

Dicalcium phosphate [9] ............................50 g
Sucrose, crystalline ...................................45 g
II. Kollidon 25 [1] ...........................................10 g
Isopropanol + Ethanol (1 + 1) .....................30 g
III. Kollidon CL [1] ............................................5 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
mix with III and press with high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................209 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................60 N
Disintegration ..........................................3 min
Friability...................................................0.5 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Phenytoin Tablets
(100 mg)

1. Formulation

Phenytoin base (Fluka) .............................100 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................235 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g
Stearic acid [7] ............................................2 g
Kollidon CL [1] ............................................8 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................351 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................81 N
Disintegration ..........................................1 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Piroxicam + Dexpanthenol Gel

(0.5 % + 5.0 %)

1. Formulation

Piroxicam (Sigma).....................................0.5 g
1,2-Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ..............25.0 g
Dexpanthenol (BASF)................................5.0 g
Ethanol 96 % ............................................5.0 g
Triethanolamine...............................about 0.4 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] .......................................23.0 g
Water.....................................................46.0 g

2. Manufacturing

First mode of preparation:

Prepare the solution of piroxicam in propylene glycol and dexpanthenol
at 70 – 80°C, add ethanol and Lutrol F 127. Stirr the highly viscous
mixture, add 50 % of the hot water (70°C), adjust the pH with triethano-
lamine to about 7, add the rest of the water, cool to room temperature
when the air bubbles escaped and adjust the pH to about 8.

Alternative mode of preparation:

Dissolve piroxicam in propylene glycol, dexpanthenol and triethanolamine.
Cool the mixture of Lutrol F 127 and water to about 5 °C and mix with
the piroxicam solution. Add the ethanol. Maintain the cool temperature
until the air bubbles escaped.

3. Properties of the gel

A clear colourless gel was formed having a pH of about 8.

4. Remark

The addition of ethanol is not essential because it reduces the viscosity.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Piroxicam Water Dispersible Tablets

(20 mg)

1. Formulation

Piroxicam..................................................20 g
Corn starch [3] ........................................150 g
Ludipress [1] .............................................50 g
Kollidon CL [1] ............................................8 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000 powder [6] ...........10 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ........................................1 – 2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low to
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................238 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................66 N
Disintegration (water)..............................57 sec
Friability ...................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Placebo Tablets

1. Formulation

Ludipress [1]..........................................99.9 %
Magnesium stearate [2] ............................0.1%

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix the components, sieve and press.

3. Influence of the compression force on the tablet properties

(300 mg tablet weight)

compression force

Property 7 kN 15 kN 22 kN
Hardness 45 N 110 N 160 N
Disintegration 1 min 2 – 3 min 3 – 4 min
Friability 0.05 % < 0.05 % < 0.05 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Polidocanol Wound Spray

(0.5 %)

1. Formulation

I. Polidocanol .................................................1 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................10 g
Ethocel ® 20 (Dow) .....................................10 g
Lutrol E 400 [1] ...........................................4 g
II. Ethyl acetate ...........................................135 g
Isopropanol...............................................40 g

2. Manufacturing of the solution

Dissolve the components I in the solvent mixture II.

3. Manufacturing of the spray

Fill the solution into spray cans with the necessary quantity of propellant
(e. g. propane/butane) or in a mechanical pump bottle.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine + Lidocain Gel

(10 %)

1. Formulation

I. PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ........................10.0 g

Lidocain hydrochloride..............................1.0 g
Sodium chloride .......................................1.0 g
II. Lutrol F 127 [1] .......................................20.0 g
III. Sodium hydroxide solution, 1 molar ...........7.9 g
IV. Water .....................................................61.1 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the solids (I) in water (IV), cool to about 6 °C, dissolve Lutrol F
127 (II) and adjust the pH value with the sodium hydroxide solution (III).
Maintain the cool temperature until the air bubbles escaped.

3. Properties of the gels

Viscosity (Brookfield, 23 °C) ........54,000 mPa · s

pH value (20 % in water) ..............................4.7

4. Stability (14 days, 52 °C)

Viscosity (Brookfield, 23 °C).........51,000 mPa.s

pH value (20 % in water) ..............................2.4
Loss of available iodine...........................15.5 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Bar Soap

(5 %)

1. Formulation

PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ...........................50 g

Fragance...................................................10 g
Water........................................................75 g
Syndet base (see Remark) .......................940 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve PVP-Iodine in water, mix the solution with the fragrance and the
syndet base. Pass the blend 4 x through a three-roller mill. Give the
blend 3 times through a plodder with a narrow sieve hole disk.

Pass the blended material through a wide sieve hole disk combined with
a mouth hole disk. Heat the area of the 2 disks is to 50 °C by a heating
collar.

Cut the bar in pieces on a Lab stamper.

3. Remark

Composition of the syndet base (sequence of concentration):

Disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate

Sodium lauryl Sulfate
Cetylstearyl alcohol
Paraffin
Glycerol stearate
Water
Titanium dioxide

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Bar Soaps

(5 %)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) .............................10.0 g 10.0 g

Water..........................................................15.0 g 15.0 g
II. Texapon ® K 12 (Henkel) ...............................48.3 g 48.3 g
Setacin ® F special paste
(Zschimmer + Schwarz) ...............................48.3 g –
Emcol ® 4400.1 (Wilco).........................................– 48.3 g
Cetylstearyl alcohol .....................................29.0 g 29.0 g
Paraffin (56 – 58 °C) .....................................19.3 g 19.3 g
Glycerol monostearate.................................45.2 g 45.2 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture II to 75 – 80 °C and cool to about 50 °C well stirring. Add

solution I and let cool to room temperature continuously stirring.

Pass the blend four times through a three-roller mill and let dry over
night at room temperature. Cut the bar in pieces on a Lab stamper.

3. Chemical stability (40 °C during 4 weeks)

No. 1 No. 2

Loss of available iodine .................................9.1% 11.5 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Concentrates for Broilers

and Cattles (20 %)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF).............................20.0 g 20.0 g

II. Texapon ® K 12 (Henkel) .......................................– 5.0 g
Cremophor NP 14 [1].....................................5.0 g –
III. Tartaric acid ..................................................7.3 g 7.3 g
Sulfuric acid, diluted ......................................4.3 g 4.3 g
Ethanol 96 % ...............................................10.0 g 10.0 g
Water ......................................................ad 100 g ad 100 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the surfactant II in solution III and add slowly PVP-Iodine I.

3. Properties of the solutions

Brown transparent liquids having a pH of about 1.

4. Administration as preventive desinfectant

Dilute about 3 ml of the concentrate with 1 l of water.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Cream
(10 %)

1. Formulation

I. PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ........................10.0 g

Citric acid solution 0.1 molar ...................24.1 g
Na 2HPO 4 solution 0.2 molar....................36.9 g
II. Cremophor A 6 [1] ....................................2.0 g
Cremophor A 25 [1] ..................................2.0 g
Cetylstearyl alcohol.................................10.0 g
Liquid paraffin.........................................10.0 g
Glycerol ...................................................5.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare a basic cream from the emulsifying agents and the fatty
substances (II). Stir in the PVP-iodine dissolved in the buffer solutions (I).

3. Properties of the cream

Brown cream having a pH of 4.5.

4. Chemical stability

After production After 14 days/52 °C

pH 4.5 4.1
Available iodine 1.09 % 0.99 %
Loss of iodine – 9.2 %

During this stress test at 52 °C the emulsion was separated into two
phases.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Povidone-Iodine Effervescent Vaginal

Tablets
(350 mg)

1. Formulation

I. PVP-Iodine 30/06 M 10 (BASF) ..............360 mg

II. Ludipress [1]......................................1,450 mg
Tartaric acid .........................................360 mg
Sodium bicarbonate..............................265 mg
III. Talc [10] .................................................19 mg
Calcium arachinate [2] ..............................2 mg
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................2 mg

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Dry the mixture II for 4 hours at 60 °C, mix with I and III and press to
tablets.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .....................................................2.5 g
Diameter ...............................................20 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness................................................200 N
Disintegration in water..............................7 min
Friability...................................................0.9 %

4. Application

The tablet is dissolved in water to obtain a vaginal douche solution.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Foam Spray

(10 %)

1. Formulation

PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ........................10.0 g

Cremophor A 25 [1] ................................0.01 g
Water .................................................ad 100 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve PVP-Iodine in the solution of Cremophor A 25 in water.

Fill the aerosol cans with 90 parts of this solution and 10 parts of
propane + butane (1+3).

3. Chemical stability (14 days, 52 °C)

The content of available iodine dropped to 98 %.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Gargle Solution

Concentrate (10 %)

1. Formulation

PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ........................10.0 g

Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ......................1.0 g
Ethanol 96 % ............................................9.0 g
Water.....................................................80.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the PVP-Iodine in the solvent mixture.

3. Properties of the concentrate

Brown transparent liquid.

4. Administration

Dilute 10 ml of the concentrate with about 100 ml of water.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Gel-Cream
(10 %)

1. Formulation

I. PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ........................10.0 g

II. Citric acid solution, 0.1 molar ..................35.9 g
NA 2HPO 4 · 12H 2O solution, 0.2 molar .......18.1 g
Lutrol E 400 [1].........................................5.0 g
III. Liquid paraffin.........................................10.0 g
IV. Lutrol F 127............................................15.0 g
V. Lutrol F 127..............................................7.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve I in solution II, mix with III and dissolve IV at about 20 °C. Cool
to 5 – 8 °C and dissolve V. Maintain cool until all air bubbles disappeared.

3. Properties

Brown turib gel.

4. Chemical stability (20–25 °C)

0 Months 3 Months 6 Months

pH 3.4 3.1 3.1

Available iodine 1.0 % 0.99 % 0.95 %
Loss of iodine – 1% 5%
Viscosity (Brookfield) 113,000 mPa · s 124,000 mPa · s 122,000 mPa · s

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Gels
(10 %)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ........................10.0 g 10.0 g

Sodium chloride .............................................– 1.0 g
II. Lutrol F 127 [1] .......................................20.0 g 20.0 g
III. Sodium hydroxide solution, 1 molar.................– 7.9 g
IV. Water.....................................................70.0 g 61.1 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the solids (I) in water (IV), cool to about 6 °C, dissolve Lutrol F
127 (II) and adjust the pH value with the sodium hydroxide solution (III).
Maintain cool until all air bubbles escaped.

3. Properties of the gels

No. 1 No. 2

Viscosity 61,000 mPa · s 54,000 mPa · s

(Brookfield, 23 °C)
pH value (20 % in water) 2.2 4.6

4. Stability (14 days, 52 °C)

No. 1 No. 2

Viscosity 58,000 mPa · s 45,000 mPa · s

(Brookfield, 23 °C)
pH value (20 % in water) 1.9 2.7
Loss of available iodine 10.2 % 8.0 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Glucose Ointment

(2.5 %)
(According to R. Dolder, M. Asanger, APV-Pharmazie in der Praxis No. 3,
Febr. 1987, 5 – 7)

1. Formulation

I. PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ..........................2.6 g

Ethanol 96 % ............................................4.5 g
II. Glucose [1].............................................84.9 g
Lutrol E 4000 [1].......................................3.4 g
Glycerol ...................................................0.6 g
Water.......................................................0.6 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve Lutrol E 4000 in the hot mixture of glycerol and water and add
the glucose warmed to 60 – 80 °C. Incorporate solution (I) in the obtained
paste .

3. Properties of the ointment

Brown viscous and turbid paste.

4. Chemical stability

After production After 14 days/52 °C

Available iodine 0.291% 0.287 %

Loss of iodine – 1.4 %

5. Remark

A similar formulation using sucrose instead of glucose is mentioned in

the European Patent 0258761 (Kowa).

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Lipstick or After Shave

Stick (10 %)

1. Formulation

I. PVP-Iodine 30/06 M 10 (BASF)...................10 g

II. White Mineral Oil .......................................18 g
Sicovit Titanium dioxide [1] ..........................6 g
III. Luvitol EHO [1] ..........................................22 g
Cetyl alcohol ...............................................5 g
Bees wax ..................................................23 g
Solid paraffin (mp. 50/55 °C) ......................15 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ..................................1 g

2. Manufacturing

Melt the mixture III at 60°C, stir it into the suspension II and finally add I.
When a homogeneous suspension has been obtained cast the sticks in
preformed moulds.

3. Properties

Brown homogeneous sticks

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Liquid Spray

(10 %)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

PVP-Iodine 30/06 ........................................10.0 g 10.0 g

Kollidon VA 64 [1] ........................................15.0 g 15.0 g
n-Propanol..................................................75.0 g –
Ethanol ...............................................................– 75.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve Kollidon VA 64 in the mixture of solvents and add slowly PVP-

Iodine to the well stirred solution.
Fill in aerosol cans with propellants like propane+butane or with manual
valves.

3. Chemical Stability

The obtained solutions showed no loss of iodine after the storage of

15 days at 60 °C.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Povidone-Iodine Lozenges
(5 mg)

1. Formulation

PVP-Iodine 30/06 M 10 (BASF) .................5.0 g

Sorbitol, cryst. [10]................................150.0 g
Menthol, crystalline ...........................4.0 – 5.0 g
Eucalyptol, crystalline .......................4.0 – 5.0 g
Aspartame, potassium ..............................1.0 g
Saccharine, sodium ..................................0.1 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................1.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................1.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve an d press with

medium compression force.

3. Tablett properties

Weight .................................................176 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................100 N
Disintegration in water .........................> 10 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Mastitis Cream for Cattles

(10 %)

1. Formulation

I. PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ...........................10 g

II. Liquid paraffin ...........................................10 g
Vaseline ....................................................10 g
Cetylstearyl alcohol.................................5 – 8 g
Cremophor A 6 [1] .......................................2 g
Cremophor A 25 [1] .....................................2 g
III. Propylene glycol Pharma [1] .........................5 g
Water .................................................53 – 56 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve PVP-Iodine I in the solvents III. Mix the components II by

heating, stir the solution I/III in the molten mixture II and cool by stirring.

3. Stability (52 °C, 14 days)

The cream is physically stable and shows no loss of iodine.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Mouth Wash and Gargle

Solution Concentrate (7.5 %)

1. Formulation

I. PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ..........................7.5 g

Saccharin sodium.....................................0.5 g
Water .....................................................15.0 g
II. Menthol ...................................................0.2 g
Anise oil + eucalyptus oil, 1+1 ...................0.1 g
Lutrol E 400 [1] .......................................15.0 g
Ethanol 96 % ..........................................50.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve PVP-Iodine and saccharin in water and mix with solution II.

3. Properties of the concentrate

Brown transparent liquid having a fresh odour.

4. Chemical stability (20–25 °C)

0 Months 6 Months 12 Months

Available iodine 0.91% 0.89 % 0.82 %

Loss of iodine – 2.2 % 2.2 %

5. Administration

Dilute 10 – 20 ml with a glass of water. A brown liquid is obtained having

a fresh taste.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Ophthalmic Solution

(0.4 %)

1. Formulation

PVP-Iodine 30/06 ...................................0.40 g

Potassium iodide ....................................0.20 g
Potassium iodate .................................44.8 mg
Sodium chloride .....................................1.74 g
Sodium hydroxide solution, 0.01 molar ....0.05 g
Water ...................................................97.56 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve PVP-Iodine slowly in the solution of the salts.

3. Properties of the solutions

Clear, brown liquid of low viscosity.

4. Chemical stability (Stress test at 52 °C)

Initial After 14
days

pH...................................................................6.2 6.7
Available iodine .........................................0.055 % 0.053 %
Loss of iodine .....................................................– 3.6 %
Free iodine ...............................................1.9 ppm 1.9 ppm

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Ophthalmic Solution

(1.0 %)

1. Formulation

PVP-Iodine 30/06 ...................................1.00 g

Potassium iodide ....................................0.50 g
Potassium iodate ....................................0.11 g
Water ...................................................98.39 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve PVP-Iodine slowly in the solution of the salts.

3. Properties of the solutions

Clear, brown liquid of low viscosity.

4. Chemical stability (Stress test at 52 °C)

Initial After 14
days

pH...................................................................6.3 7.2
Available iodine ...........................................0.15 % 0.16 %
Loss of iodine .....................................................– 0%
Free iodine ...............................................1.9 ppm 2.2 ppm

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Powder Spray

1. Formulation

I. PVP-Iodine 30/06 M 10 (BASF)................25.0 g

Maize PO 4 Aerosol (Hauser) ....................25.0 g
II. Isopropyle myristate .................................1.5 g
Dow Corning 344 Fluid (DOW) .................10.0 g
Pentane ...................................................50. g
III. Propane + butane, 1+3 ...........................22.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Suspend PVP-Iodine and Maize-PO4-Aerosol (I) in the liquid mixture II

and fill in aerosol cans with the propellants III.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Pump Spray

(1%)

1. Formulation

PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ........................1.00 g

Water ...................................................10.00 g
Potassium iodide ....................................0.10 g
Xylitol ...................................................10.00 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ..................78.75 g
Menthol, crystalline .................................0.10 g
Peppermint oil double rect. .....................0.05 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve potassium iodide in water, warm up to 40 °C and dissolve

xylitol. At room temperature dilute with propylene glycol, dissolve PVP-
Iodine and add the flavours.

3. Properties of the solution

Clear brown liquid with a sweet refreshing taste.

4. Chemical stability

After storage of 15 hours at 80 °C a loss on iodine of about 7 % has

been determined.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Seamless Solutions

(10 %)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) .............................10.0 g 10.0 g

Natrosol® HR 250 (Hercules)..........................1.0 g –
Lutrol F 127 [1]..............................................0.2 g –
Sodium hydroxide, 1 molar solution................3.2 g –
Tylose ® M 300 (Hoechst) .....................................– 2.0 g
Texapon ® K 12 (Henkel) .......................................– 0.2 g
Citric acid solution 0.1 molar................................– 59.5 g
Sodium biphosphate solution 0.2 molar................– 28.3 g
Water .........................................................85.6 g –

2. Manufacturing

Formulation No. 1:
Dissolve Lutrol F 127 and than Natrosol in the water. As soon as both
are dissolved add slowly the PVP-Iodine to the well stirred solution.
Adjust the pH with the sodium hydroxide solution to about 3.5.

Formulation No. 2:
Dissolve Tylose M 300 in the mixture of the citric acid and sodium
biphosphate solutions, add Texapon and slowly dissolve the PVP-Iodine.

3. Properties of the solutions

Brown, clear solutions having a certain viscosity and a pH of 3 – 4.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Shampoo
(7.5 %)

1. Formulation

PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ..........................7.5 g

Neutronyx® S 60 (Onyx) ..........................25.0 g
Super Amide ® L 9 (Onyx) ..........................4.0 g
Natrosol® 250 HR (Hercules) .............0.5 – 0.7 g
Water .................................................ad 100 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve Super Amide and Natrosol in hot water (about 60 °C) and then
dissolve PVP-Iodine. After cooling incorporate Neutronyx.

3. Properties of the shampoo

Brown, clear solution. The viscosity can be changed by modification of

the amount of Natrolsol 250 HR.

4. Chemical stability

In the stress test (14 days, 52 °C) the loss of available iodine was about
12 %.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Soft Gel

(1%)

1. Formulation

PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ..........................1.0 g

Natrosol® HR 250 (Hercules) .....................2.5 g
Water.....................................................96.5 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve PVP-Iodine and Natrosol HR 250 in the well stirred water.

3. Properties of the gel

Appearance.............................Clear brown gel.

Viscosity (Brookfield, 23°C) .........31,500 mPa · s

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Solution
(10 %), I

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) .............................10.0 g 10.0 g

Lutrol F 127 [1] ...................................................– 0.3 g
Lutrol E 400 [1] ...................................................– 0.5 g
Citric acid 0.1 molar solution ........................43.6 g 43.2 g
Na 2HPO 4 · 12H 2O 0.2 molar solution............46.4 g 46.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the PVP-Iodine (and Lutrol F 127) in the mixture of the buffer
solutions (and Lutrol E 400).

3. Properties of the solutions

Brown clear solutions having a low viscosity and pH of about 4.5.

4. Chemical stability of formulation No. 1 (20–25 °C, 1 year)

0 Month 6 Months 12 Months

Available iodine 100 % 100 % 96 %

pH 4.4 4.1 4.4

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Solution
(10 %), II

1. Formulation

I. PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ......................10.00 g

II. Texapon ® K 12 (Henkel) ..........................0.03 g
III. Sodium biphosphate (Na 2HPO 4) ..............0.14 g
Sodium citrate........................................0.03 g
Sodium hydroxyde solution, 1 molar ........2.08 g
Glycerol .................................................1.00 g
Water ...................................................86.42 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve Texapon K 12 (II) in solution III and add slowly PVP-Iodine to the
well stirred solution.

3. Properties of the solution

Brown transparent liquid having a pH of 4.5.

4. Chemical stability

After production After 14 days/52 °C

pH ...............................................4.5 3.5
Available iodine .......................1.08 % 1.03 %
Loss of iodine ..................................– 4.6 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Surgical Scrubs

(7.5 %), I

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ...............................7.5 g 7.5 g

Neutronyx® S 60 (Onyx) ...............................25.0 g –
Lutensit® AES (BASF) ..........................................– 25.0 g
Monoamide ® 150 MAW (Mono) ............................– 4.0 g
Super Amide ® L 9 (Onyx) ...............................4.0 g –
Floral Bouquet ..............................................q. s. q. s.
Water .........................................................63.5 g 63.5 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve Super Amide or Monoamide in hot water, cool, dissolve PVP-

Iodine and add Neutronyx or Lutensit.

3. Properties of the scrub

Brown, clear viscous solution. The pH of formulation No. 1 is about 3.4

4. Chemical stability of formulation No. 1 (20–25 °C)

0 Month 6 Months 12 Months

Available iodine 100 % 99 % 87 %

pH 3.6 4.3 4.6

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Surgical Scrubs

(7.5 %), II

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2 No. 3

PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF)............7.5 g 7.5 g 7.5 g

Texapon ® K 12 (Henkel) ............15.0 g – –
Lutensit® A-ES (BASF) .....................– 18.7 g –
Fenopon ® CO 436 ...........................– – 20.0 g
(Rhône-Poulenc)
Super Amide ® L 9 (Onyx)............4.0 g 4.0 g 1.2 g
Glycerol...........................................– – 25.0 g
Water ......................................73.5 g 68.8 g 46.3 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the surfactants in hot water (add glycerol) and incorporate the
PVP-Iodine.

3. Properties of the scrubs

Brown, clear viscous solution.

4. Stability (14 days at 52 °C)

No. 1 No. 2 No. 3

Loss of available iodine ............12.2 % 13.9 % 10.8 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Teat-Dip Solution

for Cattles (3 %)

1. Formulation

PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ........................3.00 g

Glycerol .................................................8.00 g
Glacial acetic acid ..................................0.80 g
Sodium hydroxide solution, 50 % .............0.35 g
Water ..............................................ad 100.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix all liquid components and dissolve PVP-Iodine.

3. Properties of the solution

Brown transparent liquid having a pH of 4.3.

4. Chemical stability

After the storage at 52 °C during 14 days the loss of available iodine was
11.5 %.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Transparent Ointment

(10 %)

1. Formulation

I. PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ........................10.0 g

Lutrol E 400 [1].......................................60.0 g
Sodium hydroxide, 1 molar solution ...........4.6 g
Water.......................................................0.4 g
II. Lutrol E 4000 [1].....................................25.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare solution I, heat to about 60 °C, incorporate II stirring very well

and cool to room temperature.

3. Properties

Transparent ointment like a gel having a ph of 4. Miscible and washable

with water.

4. Stability (14 days, 52 °C)

The content of available iodine dropped only to 99 % and the pH to 3.6.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Vaginal Douche

Concentrate (10 %)

1. Formulation

PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ........................10.0 g

Lutrol E 400 [1].........................................0.5 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] .........................................0.3 g
Citric acid, 0.1 molar solution ..................43.2 g
Na 2HPO 4 · 12H 2O, 0.2 molar solution ......46.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve PVP-Iodine and Lutrol F 127 in the mixture of the buffer

solutions with Lutrol E 400.

3. Properties of the solution

Brown, clear solution having a low viscosity and a pH of about 4.3.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Vaginal Ovula

(5 %)

1. Formulation

PVP-Iodine 30/06 M 10 (BASF) ....................5 g

Lutrol E 400 [1]..........................................10 g
Lutrol E 4000 [1]........................................85 g

2. Manufacturing

Melt the Lutrol E grades by gentle heating. Stir in the micronized PVP-
Iodine product in small portions into the melt.

After a uniform suspension has been obtained, pour it into polyethylene

moulds.

3. Properties

Homogeneous brown coloured ovula having a weight of 2.0 g.

4. Chemical stability

In a stress test (14 days/52 °C) and at room temperature (one year) no
loss of available Iodine were measured.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Vaginal Ovula

(10 %)

1. Formulation

PVP-Iodine 30/06 M 10 (BASF)...................10 g

Lutrol E 400 [1] ...........................................5 g
Lutrol E 1500 [1] ........................................50 g
Lutrol E 4000 [1]........................................35 g

2. Manufacturing

Melt the Lutrol E grades by gentle heating. Stir in the micronized PVP-
Iodine product in small portions into the melt.

After a uniform suspension has been obtained, pour it into polyethylene

moulds.

3. Properties

Homogeneous brown coloured ovula have a weight of 2.0 g.

4. Chemical stability

In a stress test (14 days/52 °C) and at room temperature (one year) no
loss of available Iodine were measured.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Povidone-Iodine Viscous Solution

(1%)

1. Formulation

PVP-Iodine 30/06 (BASF) ..........................1.0 g

Natrosol® HR 250 (Hercules) .....................1.5 g
(Buffer.......................................................q.s.)
Water .....................................................97.5 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve PVP-Iodine and Natrosol in the well stirred water.

3. Properties of the solution

Clear brown viscous liquid.

Viscosity (Brookfield): 7,500 mPa · s

4. Chemical and physical stability

In a stress test (15 hours at 80 °C) the loss of iodine was 13.3 % and no
change of the appearance was observed.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Prazosin Tablets
(5 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Prazosin hydrochloride, anhydrous (Knoll)..........5 g –

Prazosin hydrochloride, polyhydrate (Knoll) ...........– 6g
Ludipress [1] ..................................................94 g 93 g
Magnesium stearate [1] ....................................1 g 1g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................109 mg 103 mg

Diameter ......................................................8 mm 8 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................76 N 74 N
Disintegration ...............................................2 min 3 min
Friability .......................................................0.2 % 0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Prednisolone Tablets
(20 mg)

1. Formulation

Prednisolone .............................................20 g
Lactose monohydrate [8]..........................155 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................10 g
Kollidon CL [1] ............................................8 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................212 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................63 N
Disintegration ........................................< 1 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Prednisone Tablets
(10 mg)

1. Formulation

Prednisone................................................10 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................208 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a sieve and press with low compres-
sion force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................223 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................70 N
Disintegration ..........................................4 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %
Dissolution,15 min.....................................78 %
30 min ....................................82 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Probenecid Tablets
(500 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Probenecid .............................................500 g
Corn starch [3] ........................................130 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................10 g
Ethanol 96 % ...........................................70 ml
III. Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................25 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................3 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, add III
and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................674 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................54 N
Disintegration ..........................................9 min
Friability...................................................0.3 %
Dissolution, 5 min .....................................43 %
60 min..................................100 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Procain Penicillin Injectable Suspension

(300 mg/ml)

1. Formulation

I. Procain Penicillin G .................................30.0 g

II. Kollidon 17 PF [1] .....................................0.4 g
Carboxymethyl cellulose..........................0.15 g
Sodium citrate........................................0.57 g
Antioxidant.................................................q.s.
Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Water of injectables ...........................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Suspend procain penicillin G in the well stirred solution II.

3. Properties of the suspension

Aspect .......................................homogeneous
Redispersibility ..........................................easy

4. Remark

To prevent of discolouration of the dissolved Kollidon during storage 0.2

to 0.5 % of cysteine could be added as antioxidant.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Propanidide Injectable Solution

(50 mg/ml)

1. Formulation

I. Propanidide .............................................5.0 g
Cremophor EL [1] ...................................20.0 g
II. Preservatives.............................................q. s.
Water for injectables ..........................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Mix propanidide with the warm Cremophor EL (60 °C) and add slowly
the warm solution II. The sterilisation can be done by filtration or heat.

3. Properties of the solution

A clear colourless solution was obtained.

4. Remarks

– To reduce the viscosity and the side effects, Cremophor EL could be

substituted by Solutol HS 15 [1].

– In Germany Cremophor EL must be declared on the package of

injectables.

– During the heat sterilisation a separation of two layers can be obser-

ved. Shaking of the ampoules during cooling gives homogeneous
clear solutions.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Propranolol Hydrochloride Tablets

(10 mg, 50 mg and 100 mg)

1. Formulation

No. 1: No. 2: No. 3:

10 mg 50 mg 100 mg

Propranolol hydrochloride ............10 g 50 g 100 g

Ludipress [1] .............................490 g 450 g 400 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ..............2.5 g 2.5 g 2.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2 No. 3

Weight ...................................514 mg 496 mg 505 mg

Diameter .................................12 mm 12 mm 12 mm
Form .....................................biplanar biplanar biplanar
Hardness..................................112 N 86 N 101 N
Disintegration ............................2 min 2 min 3 min
Friability ....................................0.1% 0.2 % 0.1%

4. Remarks

– In the case of formulation No. 1 or No. 2 the amount of Ludipress and

the tablet weight could be reduced.
– These formulations can be used for tablet cores, too.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Propranolol Tablets Cores

(40 mg)

1. Formulation

Propranolol ............................................40.0 g
Ludipress [1] ........................................108.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................0.3 g
Stearic acid [7] .........................................0.4 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................150 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................75 N
Disintegration ..........................................3 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3.5 Coating formulations (Lab Scale)

Protective Film Coating with Ethyl Cellulose

+ Kollidon VA 64

1. Formulation

I. Kollidon VA 64 [1] ........................................5 g

Ethocel ® 20 (Dow) .......................................5 g
Sicovit Titanium dioxide [1] ........................20 g
Talc...........................................................13 g
Sicovit Colour lake [1] ................................q. s.
Isopropanol...............................................98 g
Water........................................................59 g
II. Isopropanol .............................................140 g
Water........................................................60 g

2. Manufacturing of the suspension

Dissolve Ethocel and Kollidon VA 64 in isopropanol, add the water and

suspend the colorants and the talc. Pass this mixture through a colloid
mill and add solution II.

3. Coating procedure (Fludized bed)

Tablet core loading ....................................5 kg

Inlet air temperature ................................40 °C
Outlet air temperature ..............................38 °C
Inlet flap ..........................................Position 10
Outlet flap..........................................Positon 4
Spraying pressure ....................................3 bar
Spraying time........................................15 min.
Final drying.............................................2 min.
Quantity of film forming agent/cm 2 ............1 mg

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3.5 Coating formulations (Lab Scale)

Protective Film Coating with Hydroxypropyl

Cellulose + Kollidon VA 64

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................20 g 20 g

Klucel ® EF (Hercules) .....................................20 g 20 g
Talc ...............................................................20 g –
Sicovit Colour lake or Pigment [1]....................q. s. q. s.
Isopropanol ........................................................– 760 g
Water ..........................................................740 g –

2. Manufacturing of the suspension

Dissolve Klucel and Kollidon VA 64 in isopropanol or water and suspend

the colorants and the talc. Pass this mixture through a colloid mill.

3. Coating procedure (Sugar coating pan)

No. 1 No. 2

Tablet core loading .........................................2 kg 2 kg

Amount of coating suspension ......................800 g 800 g
Spray phase.....................................................3 s 6s
Interval..........................................................0.5 s 0.5 s
Drying phase (warm air) ....................................6 s 6s
Interval ............................................................2 s 2s
Nozzle (Walther WA XV) .............................0.8 mm 0.8 mm
Quantity of sprayed suspension/min...............6.8 g 25 g
Quantity of solids applied on each
tablet core..................................................3.1 mg 3.2 mg
Total coating time ........................................5 – 6 h 1h

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3.5 Coating formulations (Lab Scale)

Protective Film Coating with

Hydroxypropylmethyl Cellulose
+ Kollidon VA 64

1. Formulation

I. Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................53 g

Lutrol E6000 [1] .........................................12 g
HPMC 6 mPa · s ........................................79 g
(e. g. Pharmacoat ® 606, Shin-etsu)
Water......................................................732 g
II. Sicovit Titanium dioxide [1] ........................36 g
Sicovit Iron oxide Red 30 [1].......................18 g
Talc [10] ....................................................54 g
Water ......................................................216 g
1200 g

2. Manufacturing of the suspension

Dissolve Lutrol E6000 and Kollidon VA 64 in 732 ml of water, add HPMC

and stirr 45 min avoiding the formation of too much of air bubbles.
Suspend the pigments and talc in 216 ml of water and pass this mixture
through a colloid mill.
To obtain the final coating suspension mix solution I with suspension II.

3. Coating procedure (Accela Cota 2499)

Tablet core loading .................................5.0 kg

Core size ..................................9 mm biconvex
Amount of coating suspension applied.....1.2 kg
Inlet air temperature ................................60 °C
Outlet air temperature ..............................40 °C
Nozzle..................................................1.0 mm
Rotation speed of the pan ......................12 rpm
Spraying pressure .................................2.0 bar
Spraying rate ......................................50 g/min
Spraying time (continuously) ...................34 min
Final drying..............................................2 min
Drying after spraying...................5 min at 60 °C
Quantity of film former applied .......3.14 mg/cm 2

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3.5 Coating formulations (Lab Scale)

Protective Film Coating with Kollidon VA 64

1. Formulation

Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................50 g

Lutrol E 6000 [1]........................................40 g
Glycerol ......................................................5 g
Sicovit Iron oxide or Lake [1] ......................15 g
Sicovit Titanium dioxide [1] ........................30 g
Talc [10] ....................................................50 g
Water ..............................................ad 1,000 g

2. Manufacturing

A 500-g sample of this suspension was passed through a disk mill and
sprayed under the following conditions:

Sugar-coating pan

Spray gun ..................................Walther WAXV

with 1-mm nozzle
Spraying time ..........................................3 sec
Pause...................................................0.5 sec
Dry air .....................................................6 sec
Pause......................................................3 sec

Accela Cota 2499 (continuous spraying)

Spray gun ..................................Walther WAXV

with 0.8-mm nozzle
Temperature at inlet .................................45 °C
Temperature at outlet...............................38 °C
Spraying pressure ....................................2 bar
Spraying time .....................................$ 50 min

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3. Remark

If the film is to sticky a certain part of Kollidon VA 64 should be substi-

tuted by HPMC or sucrose.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3.5 Coating formulations (Lab Scale)

Protective Film Coating with Polyvinyl

Alcohol + Kollidon VA 64

1. Formulation

I. Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................50 g

Lutrol E6000 [1] .........................................12 g
Polyvinyl alcohol (Mowiol ® 8,88. Hoechst)...76 g
Water......................................................840 g
II. Sicovit Titanium dioxide [1] ........................37 g
Sicovit Iron oxide red [1].............................18 g
Talc ..........................................................56 g
Water ......................................................168 g
1257 g

2. Manufacturing of the suspension

Dissolve Lutrol E6000 and Kollidon VA 64 in 840 ml of water, add the

polyvinyl alcohol and stirr 45 min avoiding the formation of too much of
air bubbles.
Suspend the pigments and talc in 168 ml of water and pass this mixture
through a colloid mill.
To obtain the final coating suspension mix solution I with suspension II.

3. Coating procedure (Accela Cota 2499)

Tablet core loading .................................5.0 kg

Amount of coating suspension...............1.26 kg
Inlet air temperature ................................59 °C
Outlet air temperature ..............................46 °C
Nozzle..................................................1.0 mm
Rotation speed of the pan ......................15 rpm
Spraying pressure .................................2.0 bar
Spraying rate ......................................15 g/min
Spraying time (continuously) ...................83 min
Final drying..............................................5 min
Quantity of film former applied ..about 3 mg/cm 2

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3.5 Coating formulations (Lab Scale)

Protective Film Coating with Shellac +

Kollidon 30

1. Formulation

Shellac ....................................................177 g
Kollidon 25 or 30 [1] ..................................20 g
Sicovit Titanium dioxide [1].......................185 g
Talc ..........................................................65 g
Cetyl alcohol .............................................15 g
Sorbitane trioleate .....................................30 g
Sicovit Colour lake [1] ................................50 g
Isopropanol or ethanol .............................458 g

2. Manufacturing of the coating suspension

Dissolve shellac and sorbitane oleate in the warm solvent and then
Kollidon and cetyl alcohol. Add titanium dioxide, talc and the lake and
mix in the colloid mill.

3. Application of the coating suspension

About 50 g suspension were applied to 1 kg of tablet cores in a conven-

tional coating pan or in a Accela Cota pan (1 – 2 mg film formers/cm 2)

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Pseudoephedrine Tablets
(60 mg)

1. Formulations

I. (+) Pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (Knoll) ..60 g

II. Dicalcium phosphate, DI-TAB [9] ...............95 g
III. Kollidon 30 [1] .............................................5 g
Water.........................................................q.s.
IV. Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]..........20 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................2 g

2. Manufacturing

Granulate dicalcium phosphate II with solution III, dry, pass through a

0.8 mm sieve, mix with I, add IV and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................192 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................82 N
Disintegration ..........................................4 min
Friability...................................................0.3 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Pyrazinamide Tablets
(500 mg), DC

1. Formulation

Pyrazinamide........................................500.0 g
Ludipress [1] ........................................134.5 g
Kollidon CL [1] ........................................12,0 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................3.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, sieve through a 0.8 mm screen and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................652 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................96 N
Disintegration ................................45 seconds
Friability.................................................0.36 %
Dissolution, 45 min ...................................89 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Pyrazinamide Tablet
(500 mg), WG

1. Formulation

I. Pyrazinamide...........................................500 g
Corn starch [3] ..........................................50 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................20 g
Ethanol 96 % .............................approx. 200 ml
III. Kollidon CL [1] .....................................(5-) 10 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................6 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix
with III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................605 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................131 N
Disintegration .........................................3 min
Friability.................................................0.25 %
Dissolution, 15 min....................................78 %
30 min ...................................96 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Ranitidine Tablet Cores

(150 mg)

1. Formulation

Ranitidine .............................................150 mg
Ludipress [1].........................................147 mg
Magnesium stearate [2].............................3 mg

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm screen and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................305 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................61 N
Disintegration .....................................2 – 3 min
Friability...................................................0.5 %

4. Remark

If the flowability of the tabletting mixture is not sufficient about 1%

Aerosil 200 [4] could be added.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Ranitidine Tablet Cores

(300 mg)

1. Formulation

Ranitidine................................................300 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................295 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm screen and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................600 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................72 N
Disintegration .........................................5 min
Friability ..................................................0.6 %
Dissolution, 45 min ...................................95 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Rifampicin Tablets
(450 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Rifampicin ...............................................450 g
Corn starch [3] ..........................................58 g
II. Kollidon 90 F [1] ..........................................9 g
Isopropanol or ethanol 96 % .....................50 ml
III. Kollidon CL [1]...........................................15 g
Stearic acid [7] ..........................................10 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, sieve and mix with the compo-
nents of III and press with low compression force to tablets.

3. Tablets properties

Weight .................................................550 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................95 N
Disintegration .....................................1 – 2 min
Friability ..................................................0.6 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Saccharin Effervescent Tablets

(15 mg)

1. Formulation

Saccharin sodium ......................................15 g

Tartaric acid ..............................................10 g
Sodium bicarbonate ..................................14 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ........................................2 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]............2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Dry saccharin sodium and tartaric acid 1 hour at 100°C. Mix all compo-
nents, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low compression
force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...................................................42 mg
Diameter .................................................5 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................23 N
Disintegration (45 °C, water) .....................1 min
Friability ..................................................0.6 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Saccharin Tablets
(15 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Saccharin sodium (Roth) ..............................15.0 g 15.0 g

Ludipress [1] ...............................................31.0 g 31.0 g
Kollidon CL [1] ..............................................2.0 g 2.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2] .................................0.3 g 0.3 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] .............2.0 g –
Lutrol F 68 [1], milled < 100 µm ............................– 2.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ........................................................51 mg 51 mg
Diameter ......................................................5 mm 5 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................33 N 29 N
Disintegration (water) .................................< 2 min < 2 min
Friability .......................................................0.2 % 0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Selegiline Tablets
(5 mg)

1. Formulation

Selegiline (Knoll) ..........................................5 g

Ludipress [1] .............................................94 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................1 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components intensively, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press
with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...................................................99 mg
Diameter .................................................6 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................81 N
Disintegration .....................................3 – 4 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Serratio Peptidase Tablets

(10 mg)

1. Formulation

Serratio peptidase .....................................10 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................228 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix intensively and press
with low compactation force (6 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................238 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................80 N
Disintegration .....................................3 – 4 min
Friability ................................................< 0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Silimarin Tablets
(35 mg)

1. Formulation

Silimarin .................................................35.5 g
Ludipress [1] ........................................410.5 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................4.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force (about 10 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................458 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardnes...................................................0.1%
Disintegration ..........................................3 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Simethicone Chewable Tablets

(70 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Simethicone dry powder 25 % ...............280.0 g

Sucrose, powder ..................................158.0 g
Kollidon 90 F [1] .......................................7.0 g
II. Kollidon 90 F [1] .......................................3.5 g
Isopropanol ................................................q.s.
III. Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................2.8 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................2.8 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
add mixture III, mix throroughly, and press with high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................442 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................40 N
Disintegration ......................................> 30 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Simethicone Chewable Tablets

(80 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Simethicone (Wacker Siliconoil S 184) ........80 g

II. Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ............................400 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ...........................................20 g
III. Ludipress [1] ...........................................390 g
Menthol, powder .........................................2 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................8 g

2. Manufacturing (Granulation)

Mix the components II with the simethicone oil I, pass through a 0.8 mm
sieve, add mixture III, mix thoroughly, pass again through a 0.8 mm sieve
and press with high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................870 mg
Diameter ...............................................16 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................81 N
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Simethicone Instant Granules

(60 mg and 120 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Simethicone (Abil ® 200, Goldschmidt) .....10.0 g

Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................5.0 g
II. Kollidon VA 64 [1] .....................................3.0 g
Ethanol ..................................................40.0 g
III. Sorbitol, crystalline (Merck) .....................50.0 g
Fructose (Merck) ....................................50.0 g
Kollidon CL-M [1]....................................50.0 g
Orange flavour (Dragoco) ..........................0.5 g

2. Manufacturing

Introduce solution II into the mixture I. Granulate the powder mixture III
with the well stirred mixture I/II, dry and pass through a 1 mm sieve.
Fill 1 or 2 g in sachets.

3. Properties of the granules

– Free flowing white granules;

– 98 % coarser than 50 µm;
– Easily dispersible in cold water without any physical separation during
30 min.

4. Administration

Take the content of one sachet (1 g = 60 mg simethicone or 2 g = 120 mg

simethicone) as powder or disperse the recommended amount (e.g. 1 to
2 g) in 100 ml of drinking water.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Sobrerol Injectable Solution

(75 mg/5 ml)

1. Formulation

Sobrerol...................................................1.5 g
Kollidon 17 PF [1] .....................................6.0 g
Water for injectables............................100.0 ml

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve sobrerol slowly in the well stirred solution of Kollidon 17 PF.

The sterilisation can be done by filtration through a 0.2 µm filter.

3. Properties

Appearance ..............................................clear
Viscosity..............................................very low

4. Remark

Preservatives could be added if it is needed.

To prevent of discolouration of Kollidon in the solution during storage 0.1

to 0.5 % of cysteine could be added as antioxidant.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Sodium Fluoride Tablets

(0.5 mg)

1. Formulation

Sodium fluoride (Merck) ..........................0.55 g

Sorbitol, crystalline [10] .........................56.25 g
Dicalcium phosphate, DI-TAB [9] ...........56.25 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...................................2.20 g
Magnesium stearate [2]...........................0.50 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight..................................................116 mg
Diameter .................................................6 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................144 N
Disintegration .....................................8 – 9 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

4. Remark

If the content uniformity is not sufficient a premix of sodium fluoride and

sorbitol or DI-TAB should be prepared separately before mixing with the
rest of the excipients.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Sodium Fluoride Tablets

(1.3 mg)

1. Formulation

Sodium fluoride (Merck) ............................1.3 g

Ludipress [1] ..........................................76.7 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................0.4 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...................................................78 mg
Diameter .................................................5 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................82 N
Disintegration ..........................................4 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

4. Remark

If the content uniformity does not meet the requirements it would be

recommended to prepare a premix of the active ingredient with a small
part of the Ludipress or with lactose monohydrate before mixing with the
other components of the formulation.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Spironolactone Tablets
(25 mg)

1. Formulation

Spironolactone .......................................25.0 g
Ludipress [1].........................................175.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................1.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a sieve and press with medium
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................197 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................153 N
Disintegration.........................................13 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Spirulina Extract Chewable Tablets

(250 mg)

1. Formulation

Spirulina extract, powder ........................250 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................245 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]..........25 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................495 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................149 N
Disintegration (water).........................not tested
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3.5 Coating formulations (Lab Scale)

Subcoating for Core Protection

1. Formulation

Kollidon VA 64 [1] ....................................100 g

Ethanol or isopropanol .............................900 g

2. Manufacturing (Accela Cota)

Spray the solution onto the warm tablet cores (30 – 40 °C) for few minu-
tes before to continue with the aqueous main coating procedure. The
amount of 0.4 mg/cm 2 tablet surface is sufficient for a good subcoating
protection.

3. Remark

No plastisizer is needed in this formulation due to the plasticity of

Kollidon VA 64.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Sucralfate + Sodium Alginate Tablets

(500 mg + 20 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Sucralfate ...............................................500 g
Sodium alginate ........................................20 g
Corn starch [3] ..........................................70 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................20 g
Ethanol 95 % ...........................................80 ml
III. Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................30 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a sieve, mix the dry
granules with III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................660 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................90 N
Disintegration .....................................3 – 4 min
Friability...................................................0.3 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3.5 Coating formulations (Lab Scale)

Sugar Coating, automatic

(According to Nürnberg, Pharm. Ind. 28,5 (1996) 221 – 304)

1. Formulation of the coating suspension

Sucrose ..................................................760 g
Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................80 g
Sicovit Titanium dioxide [1] ........................90 g
Calcium carbonate ....................................90 g
Talc ........................................................290 g
Sicovit Colour lake [1] ................................q. s.
Glycerol ....................................................40 g
Water......................................................630 g

2. Manufacturing of the coating suspension

Dissolve the sucrose in the hot water, than mix with glycerol, dissolve
Kollidon 30 and suspend the other components.

3. Coating procedure

4 kg of tablet cores with a weight of 420 mg were sprayed with 2.5 kg of

the above suspension in a conventional coating pan under the following
conditions:

Spray phase ................................................5 s

Interval .................................................10 min.
Drying phase (warm air) .........................10 min.
Total coating time ......................................16 h

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3.5 Coating formulations (Lab Scale)

Sugar Coating, manual

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2
White Coloured

Kollidon 30 [1] .............................................16.8 g 16.8 g

Carmelose sodium.......................................14.6 g 14.6 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................10.7 g 10.7 g
Talc ............................................................81.0 g 81.0 g
Polysorbate or Cremophor RH 40 [1] ..............5.3 g 5.3 g
Sicovit Titanium dioxide [1] .............................70 g 115.0 g
Sicovit Colour lake or Pigment [1].........................– 17.3 g
Sucrose ....................................................3,135 g 3,135 g
Water........................................................1,650 g 1,650 g

2. Manufacturing of the coating suspensions

Dissolve Kollidon, Polysorbate or Cremophor and sucrose in the water

and suspend the other components in this solution. Mix in a colloid mill.

3. Application of the coating suspension

Start with formulation No. 1 by means of the manual sugar coating

procedure during some hours. After changing to formulation No. 2 conti-
nue with the same procedure until homogeneous coloured sugar coated
tablets are obtained.

4. Remark

The polishing can be done by means of a solution of beeswax or poly-

ethylene glycol 6000.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3.5 Coating formulations (Lab Scale)

Sugar Film Coating

1. Formulation of the coating suspension

Sucrose ..................................................200 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................50 g
Sicovit Titanium dioxide [1] ........................30 g
Sicovit Colour lake [1] ................................15 g
Lutrol E 4000 [1]........................................40 g
Talc ..........................................................50 g
Water ...............................................ad 1200 g

2. Manufacturing of the coating suspension

Dissolve the sucrose, Kollidon VA 64 and Lutrol E 4000 in the water and
suspend the other components. Pass through a colloid mill.

3. Coating procedure (Accela Cota 2499)

Tablet core loading .................................5.0 kg

Amount of coating suspension ................1.2 kg
Inlet air temperature ................................45 °C
Outlet air temperature ..............................35 °C
Nozzle..................................................0.8 mm
Rotation speed of the pan ......................15 rpm
Spraying pressure .................................2.0 bar
Spraying time (continuously) ...................50 min
Quantity of film former applied ...........4 mg/cm 2

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Sulfadiazine + Trimethoprim Veterinary

Concentrated Oral Suspension (40 % + 8 %)

1. Formulation

Sulphadiazine............................................40 g
Trimethoprim...............................................8 g
Sodium hydroxide .......................................6 g
Kollidon CL-M [1] ........................................2 g
Water........................................................44 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve sodium hydroxide in water and suspend the active ingredients

and Kollidon CL-M.

3. Properties of the suspension

A homogeneous white suspension was obtained. It showed some

sedimentation after 7 days but the redispersibility was very easy. The pH
was 12.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Sulfadiazine Tablets
(450 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Sulfadiazin ...........................................465.0 g
Lactose monohydrate D 20 [8] ................93.0 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ........................................14.0 g
Water ...................................................200.0 g
III. Kollidon CL [1]........................................23.4 g
Talc [10] ...................................................1.8 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................0.2 g
Calcium arachinate [2] ..............................0.2 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
add mixture III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................602 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................152 N
Disintegration ..........................................3 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%
Dissolution, 10 min....................................77 %
20 min ...................................87 %
30 min ...................................89 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Sulfadimethoxine Veterinary Injectable

Solution (2.5 % = 250 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulation

I. Sulfadimethoxine.........................................5 g
Ethanol 96 % ...........................................40 ml
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] .....................40 ml
II. Kollidon 12 PF [1] ......................................70 g
Antioxidant................................................q. s.
Water for injectables ..................q. s. ad 200 ml

2. Manufacturing

Mix solution I slowly with solution II at 60 °C and cool.

3. Properties of the solution

Appearance ..............................................clear
pH.................................................................7
Viscosity..............................................very low

4. Physical stability (20–25 °C)

No recrystallisation after some weeks.

5. Remark

To prevent of discolouration of Kollidon in the solution during storage 0.2

to 0.5 % of cysteine could be added as antioxidant.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Sulfadimidine Tablets
(500 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Sulfadimidine (Cilag) .............................500.0 g

Lactose monohydrate [8].......................100.0 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ........................................15.0 g
Water ...................................................200.0 g
III. Kollidon CL [1]........................................25.0 g
Talc [10] ...................................................2.4 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................0.3 g
Calcium arachinate [2] ..............................0.3 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
mix with III and press.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................610 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................120 N
Disintegration......................................2 – 3 min
Friability...................................................0.7 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Sulfadoxine + Trimethoprim Veterinary

Injectable Solution
(1000 mg + 200 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulation

Sulfadoxine ..............................................2.0 g
Trimethoprim ..........................................10.0 g
Soluphor P [1] ........................................56.0 g
Water for injectables ...............................29.0 g
Sodium hydroxide ......................................q. s.

2. Manufacturing

Disolve sulfadoxine and trimethoprim in Soluphor P, add the water, and

set to pH 8.5 with sodium hydroxide.

3. Properties of the solution

Appearance .............................clear, colourless

pH..............................................................8.5

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Sulfadoxine Solution
(2 % = 20 mg/ml)

1. Formulation

I. Sulfadoxine ..............................................2.0 g
Lutrol E 400 [1].......................................68.0 g
II. Preservative ..............................................q. s.
Water.....................................................30.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare solution I at 60 °C. Heat the solution II to the same temperature

and mix slowly with solution I.

3. Properties of the solution

A clear, colourless solution of low viscosity was obtained.

4. Physical stability

No change of the clarity after 2 weeks stored at 6 °C and at 20 – 25 °C.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim Tablets

(400 mg + 80 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Sulfamethoxazole ....................................400 g
Trimethoprim .............................................80 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................15 g
Isopropanol ...............................................q.s.
III. Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................24 g
Talc [10] ......................................................2 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................8 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, dry,
add III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................546 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................115 N
Disintegration ..........................................9 min
Friability ..................................................0.6 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Sulfamethoxazol + Trimethoprim Dry Syrup

(400 mg + 80 g/10 ml)

1. Formulation

Sulfamethoxazol .......................................4.0 g
Trimethoprim ............................................0.8 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ...........................30.0 g
Sodium citrate..........................................5.0 g
Sodium gluconate ....................................5.0 g
Kollidon CL-M [1]....................................10.0 g
Vanillin .....................................................0.1 g
Saccharin sodium .....................................0.1 g
Chocolate flavour .....................................0.1 g
Sodium benzoate .....................................0.1 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix all components and sieve for administration. Fill 55 g of the mixture
in a 100 ml flask.

3. Preparation of the administration form

Shake 55 g of the powder with 100 ml of water until a homogeneous

suspension is obtained.

4. Properties of the obtained suspension

No sedimentation during more than 24 hours.

The redispersibility is very easy after 2 weeks.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim Oral

Suspension (400 mg + 80 mg/5 ml)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Sulfamethoxazole ..........................................8.0 g 8.0 g

Trimethoprim.................................................1.6 g 1.6 g
Kollidon CL-M [1] ..........................................3.0 g –
II. Sucrose ......................................................10.0 g 5.0 g
Lutrol F 127 or Lutrol F 68 [1]...............................– 3.0 g
Water..........................................................77.0 g 82.4 g
III. Vanillin ..........................................................0.2 g q.s.
Chocolate flavour .........................................0.2 g q.s.

2. Manufacturing

Sieve the components I, suspend in solution II and add the flavours III.

3. Properties of the suspensions

No. 1 No. 2

Colour:.........................................................beige beige
Viscosity: .................................................very low very low
Sedimentation after 2 weeks: .............not observed very few
Redispersibility after 2 months: ................very easy easy

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Sulfamoxole + Trimethoprim Veterinary

Injectable Solution (400 mg + 80 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulation

Sulfamoxole .............................................4.0 g
Trimethoprim ............................................0.8 g
Kollidon 12 PF [1] ...................................30.0 g
Parabene .................................................0.2 g
Sodium sulfite or cysteine .........................0.4 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ....................10.0 g
Water for injectables ...............................44.6 g
Ethanol ..................................................10.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve Kollidon, parabene, sodium sulfite (or cysteine) in the mixture of

water und propylene glycol, heat, add the active ingredients and stir until
they are dissolved. Add ethanol, cool and sterilize.

3. Properties of the solution

A clear solution was obtained.

4. Remark

The use of sodium sulfite in injectables is not allowed in all countries.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Sulfathiazole Tablets
(250 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Sulfathiazole ................................................250 g 250 g

Lactose monohydrate [8] ..............................237 g –
Dicalcium phosphate [9] ......................................– 237 g
Kollidon 30 [1] ................................................12 g 12 g
II. Water .............................................................q.s. q.s.
III. Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................12 g 12 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 – 3 g 2–3 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solvent II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, dry,
add III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................504 mg 512 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness .....................................................115 N 154 N
Disintegration ...............................................1 min < 1 min
Friability .......................................................0.2 % 0.2 %
Dissolution, 10 min ........................................80 % 69 %
20 min ........................................96 % 90 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Sulfathiazole Veterinary Injectable Solution

(8 mg/ml)

1. Formulation

Sulfathiazole ............................................0.8 g
Kollidon 12 PF or Kollidon 17 PF [1] .........12.5 g
Sodium sulfite ........................................< 0.1 g
Water for injectables .............................100.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve Kollidon and sulfathiazole at 70 °C in water and cool slowly to

room temperature.

Sterilisation can be done by filtration through a 0.2 filter.

3. Properties of the solution

Appearance ..............................................clear
Viscosity..............................................very low

4. Remarks

A preservative can be added if needed.

To prevent of discolouration of Kollidon in the solution during storage 0.2

to 0.5 % of cysteine could be added as antioxidant instead of sodium
sulfite.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Sulfathiazole Veterinary Oral Solution

(8 mg/ml)

1. Formulation

Sulfathiazole ............................................0.8 g
Kollidon 25 [1] ........................................22.5 g
Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Water .................................................100.0 ml

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve Kollidon 25 and Sulfathiazole at 70 °C in water and cool slowly

to room temperature.

3. Properties of the solution

Appearance ..............................................clear
Viscosity.....................................................low

4. Remark

An antioxidant to stabilize the colour of solution could be added

(0.02 % sodium bisulfite or 0.5 % cysteine).

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Tannin-Crospovidone Complex Tablets

(55 mg + 230 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Tannic acid.............................................55.0 g
Water ...................................................230.0 g
II. Kollidon CL [1]......................................230.0 g
III. Avicel PH 101 [5] ....................................33.0 g
Talc [10] ...................................................2.6 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................0.3 g
Calcium arachinate [2] ..............................0.3 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare solution I, suspend II and filtrate the formed insoluble tannin-

crospovidone complex. Wash with water until the water is clear, pass the
solids through a 0.8 mm sieve and dry. Add the components III and
press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................323 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................40 N
Disintegration ........................................< 1 min
Friability...................................................0.8 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Terazosin Tablets
(1 mg and 5 mg)

1. Formulations

1 mg 5 mg

Terazosin hydrochloride (Knoll) .......................1.1 g 5.5 g

Ludipress [1] ...............................................98.0 g 94.0 g
Magnesium stearate [2] .................................1.0 g 1.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix intensively and press
with low compression force (10 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight .....................................................98.1 mg 97.6 mg

Diameter ......................................................6 mm 6 mm
Hardness ......................................................94 N 105 N
Disintegration ...............................................5 min 5 min
Friability........................................................0.1% < 0.1%
Dissolution, 5 min ........................................59 % 41%
10 min ........................................97 % 97 %
20 min ......................................100 % 100 %

4. Remark

If the content uniformity does not meet the requirements it would be

recommended to prepare a premix of the active ingredient with a small
part of the Ludipress or with lactose monohydrate before mixing with the
other components of the formulation.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Terfenadine Suspension
(60 mg/5 ml = 1.2 %)

1. Formulation

Terfenadine ..............................................1.2 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] .........................................3.0 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................3.6 g
Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Water.....................................................92.2 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve Lutrol F 127 and Cremophor RH 40 in water at 40 °C. Whilst

stirring slowly add the terfenadine.

3. Properties of the suspension

A tasteless milky suspension was obtained.

4. Physical stability

After 7 days of storage at room temperature almost no sedimentation of

the terfenadine was observed but the redispersibility by shaking (2 times)
was very easy.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Terfenadine Tablets
(60 mg)

1. Formulation

Terfenadine ............................................60 mg
Ludipress [1] ........................................235 mg
Kollidon CL [1]..........................................6 mg
Magnesium stearate [2].............................1 mg

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with very
low compressive force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................301 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................183 N
Disintegration .........................................5 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Tetracycline Tablets
(125 mg)

1. Formulation

Tetracycline hydrochloride (Welding) .........125 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................100 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] .......................................42 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press to tablets
with very low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................278 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................64 N
Disintegration......................................1 – 2 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

4. Physical stability (12 months, 20–25 °C)

Weight .................................................278 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................63 N
Disintegration......................................1 – 2 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Tetracycline Tablets
(250 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Tetracycline hydrochloride .....................250.0 g

Lactose monohydrate D 20 [8]...............175.0 g
Kollidon 30 [1] ........................................15.0 g
Kollidon CL [1]........................................25.0 g
II. Talc [10] .................................................28.0 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................3.5 g
Calcium arachinate [2] ..............................3.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass the components I through a 0.5 mm sieve, add the mixture II and
press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................505 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................62 N
Disintegration ..........................................3 min
Friability...................................................0.5 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Tetrazepam Tablets
(50 mg)

1. Formulation

Tetrazepam ...............................................50 g
Avicel PH 101 [5]......................................113 g
Starch 1500 (Colorcon) ..............................30 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ........................................5 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass the components through a 0.5 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................208 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................106 N
Disintegration......................................1 – 2 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Theophylline + Ephedrine Tablets

(130 mg + 15 mg)

1. Formulation

Theophylline 0.1/0.4 mm (Knoll) ................130 g

Ephedrine hydrochloride (Knoll) ..................15 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................150 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................2 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a sieve and press with very low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................302 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................141 N
Disintegration ..........................................9 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%
Dissolution of Theophylline 15 min .............45 %
30 min .............85 %
60 min .............97 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Theophylline Tablets
(100 mg)

1. Formulation

Theophylline 0.1/0.4 mm (Knoll) ................100 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................147 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a sieve and press with low compres-
sion force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................247 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................83 N
Disintegration ..........................................2 min
Friability .................................................0.15 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Theophylline Injectable Solution

(200 mg/5 ml)

1. Formulation

Theophylline (Knoll) .....................................2 g

Kollidon 12 PF [1] ......................................15 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] .......................10 g
Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Antioxidant.................................................q.s.
Water for injectables .............................ad 50 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve Kollidon 12 PF and the preservative/antioxidant in water and

add theophylline to the well stirred solution

3. Properties of the solution

The obtained clear and somewhat yellowish solution had got the pH
value 5.2 and did not recrystallize in a short term test.

4. Remarks

To prevent of discolouration of Kollidon in the solution during storage 0.2

to 0.5 % of cysteine could be added as antioxidant.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Tretinoin + Alpha Bisabolol Gel

(50 mg + 100 mg/100 g)

1. Formulation

I. Tretinoin (BASF)......................................0.05 g
Lutrol E 400 [1].........................................5.0 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................6.0 g
Butylhydroytoluene .................................0.04 g
(-)alpha-Bisabolol, natural (BASF) ..............0.1 g
II. Water.....................................................70.3 g
Preservatives..............................................q.s.
III. Lutrol F 127 [1] .......................................18.5 g

2. Manufacturing

Add solution II slowly to the clear solution I at about 40 °C. Heat to

about 50 °C and dissolve about 14 g of III in the combined solution I/II.
Cool to about 6 °C and dissolve the rest of III. Maintain cool until the air
bubbles escaped.

3. Properties of the gel

A clear yellowish gel was obtained.

4. Chemical stability (20–25 °C, dark)

0 Months 6 Months 12 Months

Tretinoin content 100 % 100 % 96 %

There was no loss of alpha bisabolol during these 12 months.

5. Remark

It is important to protect this formulation against light to avoid the

isomerization and degradation of tretinoin.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Tretinoin + Dexpanthenol Gel

(50 mg + 2,500 mg/100 g)

1. Formulation

I. Tretinoin (BASF) ...................................50.0 mg

Lutrol E 400 [1].........................................5.0 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................6.0 g
Butylhydroytoluene .................................40 mg
II. Water.....................................................68.4 g
Dexpanthenol (BASF)................................2.5 g
III. Lutrol F 127 [1] .......................................18.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Add II slowly to the clear solution I at about 40 °C. Heat to about 50 °C

and dissolve about 4 g of III in I/II. Cool to about 6 °C and dissolve the
rest of III. Maintain cool until the air bubbles escaped.

3. Properties of the gel

A clear yellowish gel was obtained.

4. Chemical stability (12 months, 23 °C, dark)

Tretinoin 96 %
Dexpanthenol 100 %

5. Remark

It is important to protect the gel against light to avoid the isomerization

and degradation of tretinoin.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Tretinoin Cream
(50 mg/100 g)

1. Formulation

I. Tretinoin (BASF)......................................0.05 g
Luvitol EHO [1] .........................................8.0 g
II. Cremophor A 6 [1] ....................................3.0 g
Cremophor A 25 [1] ..................................1.5 g
Glycerol monostearate ..............................3.0 g
Cetyl alcohol ............................................3.0 g
Tegiloxan ® 100 (Goldschmidt) ...................0.5 g
III. Butylhydroxytoluene ...............................0.04 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ......................4.0 g
Preservatives ...........................................0.5 g
Perfumes .................................................0.2 g
Water.....................................................76.2 g

2. Manufacturing

Separately prepare solution I and mixture II by heating to about 75 °C.

Heat mixture III until a clear solution is formed. To the warm mixture II
add solution I, then mixture III and cool by stirring.

3. Chemical stability (20–25 °C, dark)

Months Tretinoin content Loss of tretinoin

0 0.046 %
3 0.047 % 0%
6 0.046 % 0%
9 0.047 % 0%
12 0.047 % 0%

Analytical method: Spectrophotometric at 358 nm in chloroform +

2-propanol 1+1 (E 1%/1 cm = 1,480)

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Remark

It is important to protect the gel against light to avoid the isomerizatio-

nand degradation of tretinoin.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Tretinoin Gel
(50 mg/100 g)

1. Formulation

I. Tretinoin (BASF)......................................0.05 g
Ethanol .................................................15.0 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ...............................1.0 g
Perfume .....................................................q.s.
Butylhydroxytoluene ...............................0.04 g
II. Carbopol® 940 (Goodrich) ........................0.5 g
Water.....................................................76.0 g
III. Triethanolamine ........................................0.7 g
Water.......................................................6.6 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare suspension II and add solution III to the well stirred suspension.
When a clear mixture is formed add solution I.

3. Properties

A clear yellowish gel was obtained.

4. Chemical stability (20–25 °C, dark)

No loss of tretinoin was measured after 1 year.

5. Remark

It is important to protect the gel against light to avoid the isomerization

and degradation of tretinoin.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Tretinoin Solution
(50 mg/100 g)

1. Formulation

I. Tretinoin (BASF)......................................0.05 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ..............................14.0 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ....................15,0 g
Butylhydroxytoluene ...............................0.05 g
Alpha Bisabolol nat. (BASF).......................0.1 g
II. Water.....................................................70.0 g
Parabenes/sorbic acid ................................q.s.

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to 40 – 50 °C to obtain a clear solution. Introduce this

warm solution slowly in solution II. It forms a clear yellow solution.

3. Properties of the solution

Clear yellow liquid.

4. Chemical stability (20–25 °C, protected from light)

Months Tretinoin content

0 0.046 % = 100 %
3 0.046 %
6 0.044 %
9 0.045 %
12 0.044 % = 96 %

5. Remark

It is very important to protect this formulation from light to avoid the

isomerization and degradation of tretinoin.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Triamcinolone Tablets
(4 mg)

1. Formulation

Triamcinolone..............................................4 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................191 g
Kollidon CL [1] ............................................2 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a sieve and press with low compres-
sion force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................206 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................45 N
Disintegration ..........................................2 min
Friability...................................................0.2 %

4. Remark

If the content uniformity does not meet the requirements it would be

recommended to prepare a premix of the active ingredient with a small
part of the Ludipress or with lactose monohydrate before mixing with the
other components of the formulation.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Trifluoperazine Tablets
(5 mg)

1. Formulation

Trifluoperazine hydrochloride........................5 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................194 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................1 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a sieve and press with very low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................204 mg
Diameter .................................................8 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................65 N
Disintegration ..........................................3 min
Friability .................................................0.15 %

4. Remark

If the content uniformity does not meet the requirements it would be

recommended to prepare a premix of the active ingredient with a small
part of the Ludipress or with lactose monohydrate before mixing with the
other components of the formulation.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Ultrasonic Adhesive Gel

1. Formulation

I. Preservative (e.g. Parabenes) ....................0.5 g

Water.....................................................75.4 g
II. Carbopol® 940 (Goodrich) ........................0.6 g
III. Sodium hydroxide solution 10 % ................2.0 g
IV. Kollidon 30 [1] ..........................................1.5 g
Water.....................................................20.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Prepare solution I by heating and add II slowly to obtain a homogeneous

suspension. Add the solutions III and IV.

3. Properties of the gel

A clear colourless adhesive gel was obtained.

4. Remark

The addition of salts like sodium chloride would be possible but the
consistency could be changed by such modification.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Valeriana Extract + Passiflora Extract

Tablet Cores
(44 mg + 30 mg)

1. Formulation

Valeriana extract, powder........................44.0 g

Passiflora extract, powder.......................36.0 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] ..................................120.0 g
Kollidon CL [1] ........................................11.0 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................3.6 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................7.3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................231 mg
Diameter .................................................9 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................49 N
Disintegration.........................................10 min
Friability...................................................0.3 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Valproate Sodium Tablets

(500 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Valproate sodium.....................................500 g
Corn starch [3] ..........................................80 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................20 g
Isopropanol .............................................60 ml
III. Kollidon CL [1] ............................................5 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a sieve, mix the dry
granules with III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................607 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................162 N
Disintegration ..........................................7 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%

4. Remark

The powder mixture was electrostatic.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Verapamil Tablets
(120 mg)

1. Formulation

Verapamil hydrochloride ...........................120 g

Ludipress [1] ...........................................270 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................3 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................374 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................108 N
Disintegration......................................5 – 6 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %

4. Remark

The tablet weight should be increased to about 400 mg.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin B6 + Vitamin E Tablets

(40,000 i. u. + 40 mg + 35 mg)

1. Formulation

Vitamin A acetate dry powder ....................80 g

500,000 i. u./g (BASF)
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF).................40 g
Vitamin E acetate dry powder SD 50 .........75 g
(BASF)
Ludipress [1] ...........................................395 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ...............................4 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................583 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................89 N
Disintegration.........................................13 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3

Chewable Tablets for Children
(2,000 i. u. + 30 mg + 200 i. u.)

1. Formulation

Vitamin A + D 3 dry powder .......................4.0 g

500,000 + 50,000 i. u./g (BASF)
Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF) .................33.0 g
Sucrose, crystalline...............................300.0 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] .........................300.0 g
Mannitol ...............................................300.0 g
Ludipress [1] ........................................300.0 g
Stearic acid [7] .........................................5.0 g
Saccharin sodium .....................................0.1 g
Cyclamate sodium ..................................30.0 g
Flavour mixture (Firmenich)......................30.0 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6].......20.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ..............................................1,290 mg
Diameter ...............................................16 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................107 N
Disintegration ..........................................7 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin C + Vitamin E Tablets

(1,200 i. u. + 60 mg + 30 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Vitamin A acetate dry powder ........................2.4 g 2.4 g

500,000 i. u./g (BASF)
Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF)......................60.0 g 60.0 g
Vitamin E acetate dry powder 50 % ..............60.0 g 60.0 g
Mannitol .............................................................– 100.0 g
Lactose monohydrate [8] ...........................105,0 g –
Avicel PH 101 [5] .........................................30.0 g 30.0 g
Kollidon 25 [1] .............................................20.0 g –
Kollidon VA 64 [1]................................................– 20.0 g
Kollidon CL [1] ....................................................– 5.0 g
Talc [10] ........................................................5.0 g 5.0 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ...............................................1.0 g 1.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................285 mg 279 mg

Diameter ......................................................8 mm 8 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................53 N 67 N
Disintegration .............................................15 min 6 min
Friability .....................................................< 0.1% < 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin D3 + Calcium + Magne-

sium Injectable Solution (33,000 i.u. + 6,000
i. u. + 100 mg + 200 mg/g i.u.)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin A palmitate 1.7 Mio i. u./g (BASF) ..2.0 g

Vitamin D 3 (Cholecalciferol) 40 Mio. i. u./g 15 mg
Solutol HS 15 [1].....................................13.0 g
II. Water for injectables ...............................85.0 g
III. Calcium gluconate ....................................1.1 g
Magnesium sulfate ...................................1.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I and the water (II) separated to about 65 °C. Add the
water very slowly to the well stirred mixture I. Cool to room temperature
and dissolve the components III.
After the ampoules have been heat-sterilized, they should be shaken for
a short time, while they are still hot, to eliminate any separation of the
phases that may have occurred. Sterilization can also be performed by
membrane filtration under pressure.

3. Properties of the solutions

A clear yellow solution was obtained.

4. Physical stability (20–25 °C, protected from light)

No change of the clarity after some days.

5. Remark

Perhaps it would be recommendable to use an other magnesium salt

instead of the sulfate to avoid any precipitation of calcium sulfate during
storage.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E + Beta

Carotene Veterinary Injectable Solution
(100,000 i.u. + 20,000 i.u. + 10 mg + 8 mg/g)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin A propionate ................................4.4 g

2.5 Mio i.u./g (BASF)
Vitamin D 3 40 Mio i.u./g ..........................0.05 g
Benzyl alcohol ..........................................1.0 g
Cremophor EL [1] .....................................9.0 g
II. Water for injectables ...............................72.3 g
III. Vitamin E acetate ....................................1.0 g
Butylhydroxytoluene .................................0.4 g
Cremophor EL [1]...................................< 9.0 g
IV. Beta-Carotene crystalline (BASF)...............0.8 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to 65 °C. Heat the water II to 65 °C and add it slowly to

the heated mixture I. A clear solution is formed (= Mixture I/II).
Heat the mixture III to 180 °C. When the temperature is reached add the
beta-carotene IV, hold for 3 min at this temperature and then add
Mixture I/II slowly during the next 4 minutes. Let cool under continuous
stirring of about 30 minutes. A clear solution is formed.
After the ampoules have been heat-sterilized, they should be shaken for
a short time, while they are still hot, to eliminate any separation of the
phases that may have occurred. Sterilization can also be performed by
membrane filtration under pressure.

3. Properties of the solution

Dark red-brown, clear solution.

4. Remark

In Germany Cremophor EL must be declared on the package of

injectables.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E Aqueous

Injectable Emulsion for Cattles (500,000 i.u.
+ 75,000 i.u. + 50 mg/ml with Solutol HS 15)

1. Formulation

Vitamin A propionate ..............................22.0 g

2.5 Mio i. u./g (BASF)
Vitamin D3 40 Mio. i. u./g .........................0.2 g
Vitamin E acetate (BASF) ..........................5.5 g
Butylhydroxytoluene .................................0.5 g
Solutol HS 15 [1].....................................15.0 g
Benzyl alcohol ..........................................1.0 g
Water for injectables ..........................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Mix the vitamins, Solutol HS 15, butylhydroxytoluene and benzyl alcohol

at approx. 60 °C, and then add the water (60 °C) slowly and with
vigorous stirring. – After the ampoules have been heat-sterilized, they
should be shaken for a short time, while they are still hot, to eliminate
any separation of the phases that may have occurred. Sterilization can
also be performed by membrane filtration under pressure.

3. Properties of the emulsion

Aspect: Milky, pale yellow emulsion.

Viscosity: Less than 20 mPa · s

4. Physical stability (20–25 °C, protected from light)

No change of the appearance during 2 years.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5. Chemical stability of vitamin A (2 years, protected from light)

Room temperature: 9 % loss after 1 year, 16 % loss after 2 years.

700,000
i. u./g

600,000

= 20–25 °C
500,000
= 6 °C

400,000
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24
Months

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E Aqueous

Injectable Emulsion for Cattles (500,000
i.u. + 75,000 i.u. + 50 mg/ml with
Cremophor EL)
1. Formulation

Vitamin A propionate ..............................22.0 g

2.5 Mio i. u./g (BASF)
Vitamin D 3 (Cholecalciferol) .......................0.2 g
Vitamin E acetate (BASF) ..........................5.0 g
Cremophor EL [1] ...................................10.0 g
Butylhydroxytoluene .................................0.5 g
Benzyl alcohol ..........................................1.0 g
Water for injectables ..........................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

The vitamins, Cremophor EL, butylhydroxytoluene and benzyl alcohol are

mixed together at around 60 °C, and water at 60 °C is slowly incorpora-
ted with vigorous stirring.
After the ampoules have been sterilized, they should be briefly shaken
whilst they are still hot, to eliminate any separation of the phases.

3. Properties of the emulsion

Pale yellow milky, stable emulsion with a viscosity of less than 30 mPa · s.

4. Chemical stability of vitamin A (Stress test at 40°C)

1 Month 2 Months 3 Months

Vitamin A content 92 % 86 % 81%

5. Remark

In Germany Cremophor EL must be declared on the package of

injectables.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6. Bioavailability of vitamin A in broilers after 7 days (intramuscular
application)
Vitamin A found in the liver [%]

80

60

40

20

0
Aqueous emulsion Organic solution Oily solution
for comparison for comparison

BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998

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5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

Concentrates, Water-miscible
(120,000 i.u. + 60,000 i.u. + 40 mg/ml)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Vitamin A palmitate 1.7 Mio. i. u./g ...............7.10 g –

(BASF)
Vitamin A propionate 2.5 Mio i. u./g ....................– 4.80 g
(BASF)
Vitamin D 3 40 Mio i.u./g ...............................0.15 g 0.15 g
Vitamin E acetate (BASF) .............................4.20 g 4.20 g
Butylhydroxytoluene ....................................0.06 g 0.06 g
Cremophor EL [1] ........................................30.0 g 29.0 g
II. Glycerol ......................................................6.50 g 6.50 g
Preservative ....................................................q.s. q.s.
Water ....................................................ad 100 ml ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to about 65 °C, stir well and add very slowly the warm
solution II (65 °C).

3. Properties of the solutions

Yellow, clear viscous liquids, miscible with water.

Clarity: Formulation No. 1: 28 FTU

Formulation No. 2: 32 FTU

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

Injectable Solution in Organic Solvents for
Cattles (500,000 i.u. + 75,000 i.u. + 50 mg/ml)

1. Formulation

Vitamin A palmitate.................................35.0 g
1.7 Mio i.u./g (BASF)
Vitamin D 3 2.0 Mio i.u./g in arachis oil........4.5 g
Vitamin E acetate (BASF) ..........................5.5 g
DL-alpha Tocopherol (BASF) .....................0.5 g
Butylhydroxyanisole ..................................1.5 g
Cremophor EL [1] .....................................2.5 g
Miglyol ® 812 (Dynamit-Nobel) ..................10.7 g
Benzyl alcohol ..........................................2.0 g
Benzyl benzoate .....................................37.8 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix all components at about 60 °C and cool.

3. Properties of the solution

Yellow clear liquid.

4. Chemical stability (stress test at 40 °C)

3 – 4 % loss of vitamin A per month.

5. Remark

In Germany Cremophor EL must be declared on the package of

injectables.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

Veterinary Injectable Solution (100,000 i.u.
+ 20,000 i.u. + 10 mg/g)

1. Formulation

I Vitamin A propionate ................................4.4 g

2.5 Mio i.u./g (BASF)
Vitamin D3 40 Mio i.u./g..........................0.05 g
Vitamin E acetate ....................................1.0 g
Cremophor EL [1] .................................< 15.0 g
Butylhydroxytoluene .................................0.4 g
Benzyl alcohol ..........................................1.0 g
II. Water for injectables ...............................78.1 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix the components I and heat to 65 °C. Heat the water II to 65 °C

separately and add it very slowly to the well stirred mixture I. If the
obtained yellow solution is not completely clear heat for some minutes
more at 65 °C.

After the ampoules have been heat-sterilized, they should be shaken for
a short time, while they are still hot, to eliminate any separation of the
phases that may have occurred. Sterilization can also be performed by
membrane filtration under pressure.

3. Properties of the solution

Clear, yellow liquid of low viscosity.

4. Remark

In Germany Cremophor EL must be declared on the package of

injectables.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin D3 Concentrate,

Water-miscible (100,000 i. u./A +
20,000 i. u./D3/ml)

1. Formulation

Vitamin A palmitate...................................6.5 g
1.7 Mio. i. u./g (BASF)
Vitamin D 3 40 Mio. i. u./g ........................55 mg
Butylhydroxytoluene .................................0.3 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1]..............................26.0 g
Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Water .....................................................67.2 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix the vitamins and the antioxidant with Cremophor RH 40 at 65 °C.

Add very slowly the solution of the preservative in water, also heated to
65°C, with vigorous stirring.

3. Properties of the concentrate

Clarity: Clear (27 FTU)

Density (25°C): 1.014 g/ml
Viscosity (25°C): 25 mPa · s

The concentrate is miscible with water and can be processed further to

liquid pharmaceuticals.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin D3 Concentrate,

Water-miscible (120,000 i. u. A +
12,000 i.u. D/g)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin A palmitate .................................7.10 g

1.7 Mio i.u./g (BASF)
Vitamin D 3 40 Mio i.u./g ..........................0.03 g
Butylhydroxytoluene................................0.15 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1]..............................25.0 g
II. Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Water ..............................................ad 100.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat the mixture I to about 65 °C, stir well and add very slowly the warm
solution II (65 °C).

3. Properties of the solution

Slightly opalescent, yellow liquid, miscible with water (Clarity: 34 FTU).

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin D3 Drops

(30,000 i.u. + 3,000 i.u./g)

1. Formulation

. Vitamin A palmitate...................................1.9 g
1.7 Mio i. u./g (BASF)
Vitamin D 3 40 Mio. i. u./g .......................7.5 mg
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ..............................12.0 g
Butylhydroxytoluene .................................0.3 g
Lutrol E 400 [1] .......................................10.0 g
II. Parabene .................................................0.8 g
Sorbic acid ..............................................0.2 g
Water.....................................................74.8 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I and solution II to about 65 °C and add II slowly to the well
stirred mixture I.

3. Properties of the solution

Yellow clear or slightly opalescent liquid.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Chemical stability of vitamin A (about 23 °C)

30,000
i. u./g

25,000 88%
84%

20,000

0
0 3 6 9 12
Months

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin D3 Injectable Solutions

(30,000 i.u. A + 5,000 or 10,000 i.u. D3/ml)

1. Formulation

30,000 i.u. A 30,000 i.u. A

+ 5,000 i.u. D 3 + 10,000 i.u. D 3

Vitamin A palmitate ..............................1.9 g 1.9 g

1.7 Mio i.u./g (BASF)
Vitamin D 3 40 Mio i.u./g ...................0.013 g 0.026 g
Butylhydroxytoluene.............................0.1 g 0.1 g
Solutol HS 15 [1] ........................9.0 –10.0 g 10.0 g
Preservative ..........................................q.s. q.s.
Water for injectables .....................ad 100 ml ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Heat the mixture of the vitamins with butylhydroxytoluene and Solutol HS

15 to about 65 °C. Heat the solution of the preservative in water to the
same temperature and add it slowly to the well stirred vitamin mixture.

After the ampoules have been heat-sterilized, they should be shaken for
a short time, while they are still hot, to eliminate any separation of the
phases that may have occured. Sterilization can also be performed by
membrane filtration under pressure.

3. Properties of the solutions

Clear yellow solutions where obtained.

4. Physical stability (20–25 °C, protected from light)

No change was observed during 1 year.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin D3 Oral Solution for

Children (1,000 i.u. + 100 i.u. /ml)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin A palmitate ..............................60.0 mg

1.7 Mio i.u./g (BASF)
Vitamin D 3 40 Mio i.u./g .........................0.3 mg
Butylhydroxytoluene ..............................0.2 mg
Cremophor EL or Cremophor RH 40 [1] .....3.0 g
II. Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Flavour ......................................................q.s.
Water................................................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to about 65 °C, stir well and add slowly the hot solution II
(65 °C).

3. Properties of the solution

Clear, yellow liquid.

4. Physical stability (20–25 °C)

No change of appearance after 2 weeks.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin D3 Syrup

(30,000 i.u. + 10,000 i.u. /ml)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin A palmitate...................................1.9 g
1.7 Mio i.u./g (BASF)
Vitamin D 3 40 Mio i.u./g ..........................25 mg
Cremophor RH 40 ...................................7.0 g
II. Sugar syrup 50 % ..............................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to about 45 °C, stir well and add slowly the syrup II.

3. Properties of the syrup

Clear, yellow liquid. pH 6.2.

4. Chemical stability of vitamin A (20-25 °C)

After production 3 Months 6 Months

Vitamin content 100 % 99 % 97 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin E Chewable Tablets

(30,000 i. u. + 35 mg)

1. Formulation

Vitamin A acetate dry powder ....................66 g

500,000 i. u./g (BASF)
Vitamin E acetate dry powder.....................70 g
SD 50 (BASF)
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ............................425 g
Orange flavour...........................................15 g
Cyclamate sodium (Merck) ...........................9 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ..........15 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................602 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness................................................204 N
Disintegration (water) ...........................> 15 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin E Drops

(25,000 i. u. + 50 mg/ml)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Vitamin A palmitate 1.7 Mio. i. u./g .................1.5 g 1.5 g

1.7 Mio i.u./g (BASF)
Vitamin E acetate (BASF) ...............................5.0 g 5.0 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ..................................21.0 g 20.0 g
DL-alpha-Tocopherol (BASF) ..........................1.0 g –
II. Preservative ....................................................q.s. q.s.
Water..........................................................71.5 g 72.5 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix the vitamins with Cremophor RH 40 (and DL-alpha-tocopherol) at

60 °C and then add solution II (at 37 °C) slowly, with stirring.

3. Properties of the solutions

Clear, yellow, viscous liquids.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Chemical stability of vitamin A in Formulation No. 2

100
Vitamin A content [%]

90

23 °C
80

70 40 °C

0 3 6 9 12
Months

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin E Drops

(5,000 i.u. + 50 mg/ml)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin A palmitate.................................0.33 g
1.7 Mio i.u./g (BASF)
Vitamin E acetate (BASF) ........................6.00 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ............................15.00 g
II. Ethanol 96 % ........................................15.00 g
Water................................................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to about 65 °C, stir well and add slowly the mixture II.

3. Properties of the solution

Colour: yellow
Clarity: clear (turbity units: 25 FTU)

4. Remarks

It must be tested if the ethanol concentration has a sufficient preserva-

tive efficiency.

The addition of butylhydroxytoluene as antioxidant would be recom-

mendable.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin E Injectable Solution for

Sheeps (250,000 i.u. + 25 mg/ml)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin A propionate...............................10.0 g
2.5 Mio i.u./g (BASF)
Vitamin E acetate (BASF) ..........................2.5 g
Butylhydroxytoluene .................................0.2 g
Solutol HS 15 [1] ....................................30.0 g
II. Preservative (e.g. benzyl alcohol) .................q.s.
Water for injectables ...............................57.3 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to 70 °C, stir well and add slowly the warm solution II.

After the ampoules have been heat-sterilized, they should be shaken for
a short time, while they are still hot, to eliminate any separation of the
phases that may have occured. Sterilization can also be performed by
membrane filtration under pressure.

3. Properties of the solution

Clarity: clear to slightly opalescent

pH: 6.3
Colour: yellow
Viscosity: 45 mPa · s

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin A + Vitamin E Tablets

(33,000 i. u. + 70 mg)

1. Formulation

Vitamin A acetate dry powder ....................69 g

500,000 i. u./g (BASF)
Vitamin E acetate dry powder.....................70 g
SD 50 (BASF)
Mannitol, granulated with 10 % .................146 g
of Kollidon 30
Kollidon CL [1] ...........................................17 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................300 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................38 N
Disintegration.........................................14 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin A Chewable Tablets

(100,000 i. u.)

1. Formulation

Vitamin A acetate dry powder...................350 g

325,000 i. u./g (BASF)
Mannitol..................................................350 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................25 g
Magnesium stearate (Merck) ........................5 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................750 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................111 N
Disintegration ........................................24 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A Concentrate, Water-miscible

(100,000 i. u./ml)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin A palmitate 1.7 Mio i.u./g (BASF) ...6.5 g

Butylhydroxytoluene .................................0.2 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1]..............................21.0 g
II. Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Water................................................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Heat the mixture I to about 65 °C, stir well and add very slowly the warm
solution II (65 °C).

3. Properties of the solution

Clear, yellow liquid, miscible with water.

4. Physical stability (20–25 °C)

No change of appearance after 3 months.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A Drops
(50,000 i. u./ml)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Vitamin A palmitate 1.7 Mio. i. u./g (BASF)......3.0 g 3.0 g

Cremophor RH 40 [1]...................................11.0 g 10.0 g
Lutrol E 400 [1] ...................................................– 5.0 g
Butylhydoxytoluene (BHT) ..............................0.1 g 0.1 g
II. Water .........................................................85.9 g 81.9 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat the mixture I to about 65 °C, stir very well and add slowly the hot
water (65 °C).

3. Properties of the solutions

Yellow clear or slightly opalescent solutions of low viscosity.

4. Physical stability (20–25 °C, protected from light)

No change of clarity and colour after 1 year.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5. Chemical stability (20–25 °C, protected from light)

100
Vitamin A [%]

Formulation 2

90
Formulation 1

80

70
0 3 6 9 12
Months

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin A Ethanolic Veterinary Injectable

Solution (500,000 i.u./ml)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin A propionate ..............................22.0 g

Cremophor EL (or Cremophor RH 40) [1] .20.0 g
II. Benzylalcohol ...........................................5.0 g
Water for injectables .................................5.0 g
Ethanol 96 % .....................................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to about 60 °C, stir well and add slowly the warm solution
II.

After the ampoules have been heat-sterilized, they should be shaken for
a short time, while they are still hot, to eliminate any separation of the
phases that may have occurred. Sterilization can also be performed by
membrane filtration under pressure.

3. Properties of the solution

Appearance: Clear, yellow

Density (25 °C): 0.917 g/ml
Viscosity (25 °C): 12 mPa · s

4. Remark

In Germany Cremophor EL must be declared on the package of

injectables.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Vitamin A Suppositories
(150,000 i.u.)

1. Formulation

Vitamin A palmitate 1.7 Mio i.u./g (BASF)......9 g

Butylhydroxytoluene ....................................1 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1] ................................40 g
Lutrol E 1500 [1] ........................................80 g
Lutrol E 4000 [1]........................................50 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve butylhydroxytoluene in the warm vitamin A, add Cremophor and

mix with the molten Lutrol E grades.

Fill into moulds of suppositories to obtain the weight of 2 g.

3. Properties of the suppositories

Weight: ....................................................2.0 g
Colour: ..........................Homogeneously yellow
Drop point:..............................................54 °C
Disintegration in water: ...........22 min (emulsion)

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin A Tablet Cores

(50,000 i. u.)

1. Formulation

Vitamin A acetate dry powder ...................110 g

500,000 i. u./g (BASF)
Avicel PH 102 [5] .....................................100 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................10 g
Kollidon CL [1] ............................................5 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................1 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................231 mg
Diameter .................................................9 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................64 N
Disintegration ..........................................2 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin A Tablets
(25,000 i. u.)

1. Formulation

Vitamin A acetate dry powder..................55.0 g

500,000 i. u./g (BASF)
Dicalcium phosphate, DI-TAB [9], ..........572.0 g
granulated with 3 % of Kollidon 30 [1]
Polyethylene glycol, powder [6] ...............28.0 g
Kollidon CL [1] ........................................19.4 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................5.6 g

2. Manufacturing

Granulate the dicalcium phosphate with Kollidon 30, dissolved in

isopropanol or water and pass through a 0.5 mm screen. Mix the
obtained dried granules with the other components, sieve and press
with high compression force using a vibrating hopper.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................680 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................40 N
Disintegration ..........................................2 min
Friability...................................................0.4 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin A Tablets
(50,000 i. u.)

1. Formulation

No. 1 No. 2 No. 3

Vitamin A acetate dry powder.....110 g 120 g 110 g

500,000 i. u./g (BASF)
Ludipress[1] ..........................189 g 120 g –
Avicel PH 101 [5] .............................– 10 g 154 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ............................– – 10 g
Kollidon CL [1] .................................– – 4g
Magnesium stearate (Merck) ..........1 g 1g –
Aerosil 200 [4] .................................– 1g 1g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2 No. 3

Weight ...................................306 mg 250 mg 277 mg

Diameter...................................8 mm 8 mm 8 mm
Form .....................................biplanar biplanar biplanar
Hardness ...................................51 N 106 N 119 N
Disintegration ............................3 min 7 min < 1 min
Friability ..................................< 0.1% 0.1% < 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Vitamin B Complex + Amino Acids

+ Magnesium Effervescent Granules
(Sugar-free)
(1 RDA of Vitamins + 500 mg carnitine + 20 mg glutamine)

1. Formulation

I. Thiamin hydrochloride (BASF) ......................2 g

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)...................2 g
Cyanocobalamin dry powder 0.1% (BASF)....5 g
L-Glutamine ..............................................20 g
Inositol ......................................................10 g
Potassium L-aspartate ...............................10 g
II. DL-Carnitine hydrochloride.......................500 g
Magnesium L-aspartate ...........................350 g
Citric acid, anhydrous ..............................600 g
Sodium bicarbonate (Merck).....................500 g
Flavours ....................................................q. s.
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ......................................50 g
III. Isdopropanol .............................................80 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix the components I, add the mixture II, granulate mixture I + II with the
liquid III, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, dry well and mix with III.
Fill 2.1 g of the granules in sachets.

3. Properties of the granules

Colour: Yellow granules

Flowability: Very good
Dispersibility: 2.1 g disperse homogeneously in 100 ml of water in
about 60 seconds.

4. Administration

2.1 g of the granules correspond to about 1 RDA of the vitamins and

500 g of carnitin and 20 mg of glutamin.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B Complex + Carnitine Tablet Cores

1. Formulation

I. Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) ..................95.0 g

Riboflavin (BASF) ....................................20.0 g
Nicotinamide (Degussa).........................100.0 g
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF) ..............50.0 g
Folic acid (Knoll) .......................................2.0 g
Biotin.......................................................0.2 g
Cyanocobalamin, gelatin coated 1%..........0.5 g
(BASF)
Carnitine hydrochloride ...........................50.0 g
Inositol .................................................100.0 g
Adenosine phosphate ...............................2.0 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ........................................15.7 g
Isopropanol ............................................70.0 g
III. Kollidon CL [1]........................................26.0 g
Lactose monohydrate [8].......................122.0 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] .......14.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
mix with III and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................708 mg
Diameter ...............................................13 mm
Form ..................................................biconvex
Hardness..................................................88 N
Disintegration......................................1 – 2 min
Friability ...................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin B Complex + Minerals +

Linoleic/Linolenic Acid Syrup

1. Formulation

I. Evening primrose oil (see Remark) ...........5.0 ml

Cremophor RH 40 [1]..............................20.0 g
II. Water.....................................................41.0 g
III. Ferric citrate ...........................................60 mg
Manganese phosphate...........................300 µg
Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) ..................3 mg
Riboflavin (BASF) ......................................4 mg
Cyanocobalamin, crystalline .....................10 µg
Nicotinamide ..........................................50 mg
Kollidon CL-M [1] .....................................5.0 g
Sucrose .................................................25.0 g
Citric acid ................................................0.5 g
Vanilla-flavour (Gunther) ............................0.2 g
Cyclamate sodium....................................1.0 g
Saccharin sodium ...................................20 mg
IV. Kollidon 90 F [1] .......................................2.5 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix the primrose oil with Cremophor RH 40 heat to 60 °C and add

slowly the warm water II. Add the components III to the well stirred
solubilisate I/II. Finally add Kollidon 90 F to the obtained suspension
portionwise with stirring.

3. Properties

Appearance: ......Viscous yellow suspension (syrup)

pH:..................................................................3.3
Viscosity (25 °C): ................16,000 –17,000 mPa · s
Rel. sediment volume: ................85 % after 1 week
Redispersibility:..............................................easy

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Remark

5 ml of Evening Primrose oil (Epopure‚, Prima Rosa, South Africa)

contain 3.5 g linoleic acid + 0.45 g gamma linolenic acid

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B Complex + Vitamin C

+ Calcium Effervescent Tablets

1. Formulation

I. Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) .......................7 g

Riboflavin (BASF).........................................5 g
Nicotinamide .............................................25 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF).................20 g
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF) .................12 g
Calcium carbonate ....................................75 g
Calcium glycerophosphate .......................164 g
Sodium bicarbonate ................................400 g
Tartaric acid, powder ...............................300 g
Sucrose, crystalline .................................400 g
Sucrose, powder .....................................350 g
Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................50 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................10 g
Isopropanol ................................................q.s.
III. Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF) ..................550 g
Riboflavin (BASF).........................................2 g
Cyanocobalamin gelatin coated 0.1%...........5 g
(BASF).............................................................
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]..........40 g
Kollidon CL [1] ..........................................50 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry at 60 °C with vacuum, mix with III
and press with medium to high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ..............................................2,500 mg
Diameter ...............................................20 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................150 N
Disintegration ..........................................2 min
Friability...................................................0.9 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B Complex + Vitamin C

+ Ferrous Sulfate Tablets

1. Formulation

I. Ferrous sulfate (1H20)..............................300 g

Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................15 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] .............................................6 g
2-Propanol .................................................q.s.
III. Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) .....................45 g
Riboflavin (BASF) .......................................10 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF).................82 g
Nicotinamide .............................................69 g
Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF) ..................470 g
Ludipress [1] ...........................................690 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]..........50 g
Aerosil 200 [4] .............................................9 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate the mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix
with III and press with high compression force (25 – 30 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight ..............................................1,750 mg
Diameter ...............................................20 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................120 N
Disintegration ..........................................6 min
Friability...................................................0.9 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B Complex + Vitamin C Effervescent

Tablets

1. Formulation

I. Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) .....................33 g

Riboflavin (BASF).........................................4 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF) .................10 g
Nicotinamide .............................................66 g
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF) .................17 g
Tartaric acid, powder ...............................350 g
Sodium bicarbonate ................................450 g
Sucrose, crystalline .................................750 g
Kollidon 30 [1] ...........................................30 g
II. Isopropanol ................................................q.s.
III. Ascorbic acid, crystalline (BASF) ..............500 g
Riboflavin....................................................3 g
Cyanocobalamin gelatin coated 0.1% .........10 g
Orange flavour...........................................10 g
Saccharin sodium........................................2 g
Cyclamate sodium.......................................5 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]..........50 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with the solvent II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
mix with II and press with high compression force at maximum 30 % of
relative atmospheric humidity.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ..............................................2,315 mg
Diameter ...............................................20 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................141 N
Disintegration ..........................................2 min
Friability...................................................0.9 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4.4 Formulation of granules, dry syrups and Iyophylisates (Lab scale)

Vitamin B Complex + Vitamin C Instant

Granules
(2 RDA of Vitamins)

1. Formulation

I. Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF)..................1.2 g

Riboflavin phosphate sodium ....................1.9 g
Nicotinamide (Degussa) ..........................15.0 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)................1.5 g
Cyanocobalamin, gelatin ...........................5.0 g
coated 0.1% (BASF)
Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF) .................50.0 g
Sucrose ...............................................241.0 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ........................................17.0 g
Ethanol ...................................................60 ml

2. Manufacturing

Mix the components I, granulate with soluiton II, dry and pass through a
0.8 mm sieve.

Fill 1 g of the granules in sachets, (or 10 g in 100 ml flaks as dry syrup).

3. Properties of the granules

Yellow homogeneous granules dispersible in cold water.

4. Administration

About 1 g of the granules (= 1 sachet) correspond to two daily vitamin B

and vitamin C requirements of adults.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5. Chemical stability of the granules (20–25 °C)

Vitamin After production 4 Months 6 Months

B1 100 % 100 % 93 %
B2 100 % 93 % 80 %
B3 100 % 100 % 98 %
B6 100 % 100 % 97 %
B 12 100 % 100 % 100 %
C 100 % 100 % 97 %

6. Remark

Due to the high loss of riboflavin phosphate sodium it should be substi-

tuted by riboflavin.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin B Complex + Vitamin C Syrup, I

(2 – 3 RDA/10 g)

1. Formulation

I. Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) ................60 mg

Riboflavin phosphate sodium...................55 mg
Nicotinamide ........................................250 mg
Dexpanthenol (BASF) ............................120 mg
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF) ..............55 mg
Ascorbic acid, crystalline (BASF)............900 mg
Orange flavour .......................................25 mg
EDTA sodium ...........................................5 mg
Propyl gallate .........................................50 mg
Sorbic acid...........................................200 mg
Kollidon 25 [1] .............................................5 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ..............................10 g
Glycerol ......................................................9 g
1,2-Propylenglycol Pharma [1]....................10 g
Water .........................................................5 g
II. Sugar syrup DAB ......................................60 g
(sucrose + water, 64 g + 36 g)

Total amount ...........................................100 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix solution I with sugar syrup II. Adjust the clear solution to about
pH 4,2. Use nitrogen as an inert gas in the final packaging.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
3. Chemical stability (20–25 °C, dark)

The following vitamin contents were determined by HPLC.

Vitamin 0 Months 6 Months 9 Months 12 Months

B1 100 % 95 % 87 % 82 %
B2 100 % 100 % 90 % 92 %
Nicotinamide 100 % 92 % 96 % 92 %
Dexpanthenol 100 % 95 % 88 % 90 %
B6 100 % 100 % 100 % 88 %
C 100 % 94 % 90 % not determined

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin B Complex + Vitamin C Syrup, II

1. Formulation

I. Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) ................27 mg

Riboflavin phosphate sodium ..................27 mg
Nicotinamide ........................................125 mg
Dexpanthenol (BASF) ..............................55 mg
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)..............27 mg
Ascorbic acid, crystalline (BASF)............400 mg
Orange aroma ........................................50 mg
EDTA sodium..........................................10 mg
II. Propylene glycol Pharma [1] .......................30 g
+ water (2 + 1)
III. Parabene .............................................250 mg
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ..............................15 g
Sucrose, crystalline..................................100 g
Water........................................................70 g

Total amount ...........................................216 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the components I in mixture II. Prepare solution III by heating,

cool and mix with solution I/II. Adjust to pH 4,2 – 4,5. Use nitrogen as
inert gas during packaging.

3. Properties of the solution

Yellow clear taste full solution having a density of 1.23 g/ml (25 °C).

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Chemical stability (20–25 °C, dark)

The following vitamin contents were determined by HPLC.

Vitamin 0 Months 6 Months 9 Months 12 Months

B1 100 % 85 % 85 % –
B2 100 % 91% 91% 87 %
Nicotinamide 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 %
Dexpanthenol 100 % 88 % 86 % 86 %
B6 100 % 100 % 96 % 96 %
C 100 % 89 % – 88 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B Complex + Vitamin C Tablets

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) .........................5.0 g –

Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) ............................– 15.0 g
Ribolfavin (BASF)...........................................5.0 g 2.0 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF) ....................5.0 g 5.0 g
Folic acid ......................................................0.5 g –
Choline bitartrate ................................................– 25.0 g
Niacin .........................................................30.0 g –
Nicotinamide.......................................................– 10.0 g
Biotin (Merck) ................................................0.1 g –
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF) ...................10.0 g –
Ascorbic acid, ..........................................150.0 g 100.0 g
crystalline/powder (BASF)
Ludipress [1] .............................................172.4 g 220.0 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ........................................20.0 g –
Magnesium stearate [2] .................................2.0 g –
Stearic acid [7] ....................................................– 8.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Weigh all ingredients in, pass through a 0.8 mm-sieve and mix. Press the
mixture with medium/low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................400 mg 411 mg

Diameter ....................................................10 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................95 N 69 N
Disintegration ..........................................3 – 4 min 5 min
Friability........................................................0.1% 0.3 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Remark

For stability reasons it would be better to substitute thiamine hydro-

chloride by thiamine mononitrate in formulation No. 2.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin B Complex Injectable Solution

1. Formulation

I. Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) ...........1,100 mg

Riboflavin phosphate sodium.................660 mg
Nicotinamide .....................................4,400 mg
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF) ............440 mg
Cyanocobalamin ....................................880 µg
EDTA, disodium salt................................20 mg
Propyl gallate .........................................50 mg
Kollidon 17 PF [1] ......................................10 g
II. Parabenes ............................................160 mg
Citric acid..........................................2,270 mg
Sodium hydroxide solution 1 molar ........21.6 ml
Hydrochloric acid 0.1 molar ...................72.0 ml
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ..................20.0 ml
Water for injectables .............................86.4 ml

Total amount ................................about 200 ml

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the mixture I in the buffer solution II, keep it during 5 min under
nitrogen bubbles, filter through a 0.2 µm membrane and fill the clear yel-
low solution in ampoules of 2 ml under nitrogen. The pH-value is about 4.

3. Stability (20-25 °C, dark)

The following vitamin contents were determined by HPLC.

Vitamin 9 Months 12 Months

B1 8% 11%
B2 6% 10 %
Nicotinamide 0% 0%
B6 9% 9%
B 12 13 % not tested

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin B Complex Syrup

1. Formulation

Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) .............60.0 mg

Riboflavin 5-phosphate sodium ............55.0 mg
Nicotinamide .....................................250.0 mg
Dexpanthenol (BASF) .........................120.0 mg
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF) ...........55.0 mg
Sorbic acid ........................................200.0 mg
EDTA sodium ........................................5.0 mg
Vanilline.............................................225.0 mg
Sucrose .................................................46.5 g
Kollidon 25 [1] ..........................................2.5 g
Glycerol ...................................................9.0 g
Propylene glycol Pharma [1] ....................10.0 g
Water.....................................................31.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve the sucrose in the heat mixture of glycerol, propylene glycol and
water, cool to room temperature and dissolve the other components to
obtain a clear solution.

3. Stability (room temperature, HPLC)

Vitamin Content after 1 year

B1 80 %
B2 75 %
B6 97 %
Nicotinamide 97 %
Dexpanthenol 92 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B Complex Tablets, I

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) ..........................25 g —

Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) ...........................— 25 g
Riboflavin (BASF)............................................25 g 25 g
Nicotinamide .................................................80 g 80 g
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF)......................40 g 40 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)......................16 g 16 g
Cyanocobalamin gelatin coated 0.1 % (BASF) ..16 g 16 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] ..........................................282 g 282 g
Kollidon 30 [1] ................................................16 g 16 g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................3 g 3g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all component through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with medium
to high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................513 mg 504 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness .......................................................73N 68 N
Disintegration.............................................< 1 min < 1 min
Friability .......................................................0.4 % 0.8 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Chemical stability of vitamin B1 (40°C, closed)

0 Month 6 Months 12 Months

Formulation No. 1 100 % 83 % 72 %

Formulation No. 2 100 % 32 % 11%

Result: Thiamine hydrochloride is not suitable in this formulations.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B Complex Tablets, II

1. Formulation

Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) ....................2.3 g

Riboflavin (BASF)......................................2.6 g
Nicotinamide ...........................................2.3 g
Calcium D-pantothenate (BASF)................2.2 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)................2.7 g
Cyanocobalamin gelatin coated 0.1% ........2.4 g
(BASF)
Ludipress [1] ........................................280.0 g
Flavour (Firmenich)..................................14.0 g
Saccharin sodium...................................0.05 g
Cyclamate sodium....................................4.0 g
Magnesium stearate [1].............................5.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all component through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .......................................................314 mg
Diameter .......................................................8 mm
Form .........................................................biplanar
Hardness .......................................................76 N
Disintegration ................................................6 min
Friability.........................................................0.1%

4. Remark

These tablets could be commercialized in Europe as dietary food

because all components are allowed for this application.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B1 + Caffeine Tablets

(500 mg + 100 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF)......................500 g

Caffeine (Knoll) .............................................100 g
Corn starch [3] ...............................................30 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................20 g
II. Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................15 g
Ethanol 96 % ...................................................q.s.
III. Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ..............35 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, sieve, mix with III and press with
low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................698 mg
Diameter ....................................................16 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness.....................................................101 N
Disintegration ...............................................2 min
Friability .......................................................0.5 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin B1 + Vitamin B2 + Vitamin B3 +

Vitamin B6 Injectable Solution
(100 mg + 6 mg + 40 mg + 4 mg/2 ml)

1. Formulation

I. Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) ................11.0 g

Riboflavin-5’-phosphate, sodium ...............6.6 g
Nicotinamide ..........................................44.0 g
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)................4.4 g
II. Parabene .................................................1.8 g
Citric acid ..............................................25.2 g
Sodium hydroxide solution, 1 molar ........240 ml
Hydrochloric acid, 0.1 molar ...................800 ml
Water for injectables ..............................960 ml

2. Manufacturing

Prepare solution II by heating and allow to cool before dissolving the

components of I in it. Flush 5 –10 min. with nitrogen, filter through a
0.22 µm membrane and fill into 2-ml ampoules under nitrogen.

3. Properties of the solution

A clear yellow solution was obtained having a pH of a about 4.0.

4. Chemical stability (20–25°C)

Vitamin Content after 1 year (HPLC)

B1 93 %
B2 90 %
B3 100 %
B6 97 %

Vitamin B 12 was not stable in this formulation

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B1 + Vitamin B6 + Vitamin B12

Tablets
(100 mg + 10 mg + 100 µg)

1. Formulation

Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) ......................100 g

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)......................10 g
Cyanocobalamin, gelatin coated 1% (BASF) ....10 g
Ludipress [1] ................................................277 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................394 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness ......................................................63 N
Disintegration ...............................................4 min
Friability .......................................................0.3 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B1 + Vitamin B6 + Vitamin B12

Tablets
(100 mg + 200 mg + 100 µg)

1. Formulation

Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) ........................100 g

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)....................200 g
Cyanocobalamin gelatin coated 1% (BASF) .....10 g
Ludipress [1] ................................................250 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ..............45 g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................609 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness.....................................................102 N
Disintegration ...............................................5 min
Friability .......................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B1 + Vitamin B6 + Vitamin B12

Tablets
(250 mg + 250 mg + 1 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) ........................250 g

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)....................250 g
Lactose monohydrate [8] ................................75 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1]................................................25 g
Isopropanol.....................................................q.s.
III. Cyanocobalamin, gelatin coated 1%..............100 g
(BASF)
Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................25 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................2 g
Talc [10] ...........................................................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
mix with III and press with low compression force applying a vibrating
hopper.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................730 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness ......................................................95 N
Disintegration .........................................9 –10 min
Friability .......................................................0.4 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) Tablets

(50 mg), I

1. Formulation

No. 1 No. 2

Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) .......................50 g –

Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) ...............................– 50 g
Ludipress [1] ................................................293 g 293 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................5 g 5 g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................2 g 2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through 0.5 mm sieve, mix and press with medium
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................357 mg 347 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness .....................................................110 N 108 N
Disintegration ..........................................2 – 3 min 7 min
Friability........................................................0.1% < 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) Tablets

(50 mg), II

1. Formulation

No. 1 No. 2

Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) .......................50 g -

Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) ...............................– 50 g
Lactose monohydrate [8] ..............................150 g 150 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] ..........................................150 g 150 g
Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................15 g 15 g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................2 g 2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through 0.5 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................344 mg 373 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness.....................................................150 N 150 N
Disintegration ...............................................2 min < 1 min
Friability........................................................0.1% < 0.1%

4. Chemical stability of thiamine (40 °C, closed)

0 Months 3 Months 6 Months 12 Months

Formulation No. 1 100 % 98 % 90 % 97 %

Formulation No. 2 100 % 100 % 96 % 97 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) Tablets

(100 mg), DC

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) ......................110 g –

Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) ...............................– 100 g
Ludipress [1] ................................................190 g –
Lactose monohydrate [8] .....................................– 100 g
Avicel PH 101 [5].................................................– 100 g
Kollidon CL [1] ....................................................– 9g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................3 g 1g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................2 g –

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through 0.5 mm sieve, mix and press with medium
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................302 mg 320 mg

Diameter ......................................................8 mm 8 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness .....................................................114 N 150 N
Disintegration ...............................................2 min < 1 min
Friability .......................................................0.2 % 0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) Tablets

(100 mg), WG

1. Formulation

I. Thiamine hydrochloride (BASF) ......................100 g

Lactose monohydrate [8] ..............................200 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ................................................10 g
Isopropanol....................................................60 g
III. Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................10 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................2 g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................1 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry and sieve through a 0.8 mm
screen, mix with III and press to tablets.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................330 mg
Diameter ......................................................8 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness .....................................................174 N
Disintegration ...............................................7 min
Friability .......................................................0.9 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) Tablets

(300 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Thiamine mononitrate (BASF) ........................300 g

Dicalcium phosphate, DI-TAB [9] ...................100 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ................................................15 g
Isopropanol ..........................................about 50 g
III. Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................10 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................4 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry and sieve through a 0.8 mm
screen, mix with III and press to tablets.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................430 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness ......................................................70 N
Disintegration ..........................................3 – 4 min
Friability .......................................................0.7 %

4. Chemical stability (30°C, 70% relative humidity)

0 Month 3 Months 6 Months

Vitamin B1 content 298 mg 298 mg 295 mg = 99 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)

Tablets, Coloured
(50 µg)

1. Formulation

I. Cyanocobalamin gelatin coated 0.1%...........50.0 g

(BASF)
Ludipress [1] .............................................150.0 g
II. Magnesium stearate [2] .................................1.5 g
Sicovit quinoline yellow lake [1] ......................2.0 g
Sicovit yellow orange lake [1] .........................3.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Prepare the premix II, add to mixture I, pass through a 0.5 mm sieve and
press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................209 mg
Diameter ......................................................8 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness ......................................................80 N
Disintegration .............................................10 min
Friability .....................................................< 0.1%
Colour ................................homogeneous, orange

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) Tablets

(3 mg)

1. Formulation

Ribolfavin C (BASF) ..........................................3 g

Ludipress [1] ................................................195 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................2 g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................1 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with very
low compression force (4 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................202 mg
Diameter ......................................................8 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness ......................................................97 N
Disintegration ..........................................3 – 4 min
Friability........................................................0.1%
Content uniformity: meets the requirements of DAB

4. Remarks

These tablets could be commercialized in Europe as dietary food

because all components are allowed for this application.

If the content uniformity does not meet the requirements it would be

recommended to prepare a premix of the active ingredient with a small
part of the Ludipress or with lactose monohydrate before mixing with the
other components of the formulation.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) Tablets

(10 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Riboflavin (BASF) .........................................10.0 g

Lactose monohydrate [8] .............................75.0 g
Corn starch [3] ............................................20.0 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] .........................................15.0 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1]..................................................5 g
Water ............................................................25 g
III. Aerosil 200 [4] ...............................................0.8 g
Talc [10] ........................................................2.5 g
Hydrogenated castor oil (Henkel)....................1.7 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
mix with II and press with low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................134 mg
Diameter ......................................................8 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness ......................................................82 N
Disintegration...........................................1 – 2 min
Friability .....................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) Tablets

(75 mg)

1. Formulation

Riboflavin (BASF)............................................75 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10].................................375 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................23 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................4 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ................................................12 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................493 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness.....................................................100 N
Disintegration .............................................10 min
Friability .......................................................0.5 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) Tablets

(100 mg)

1. Formulation

Riboflavin .....................................................100 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10].................................250 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................19 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................5 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ................................................10 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................384 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness ......................................................53 N
Disintegration ...............................................7 min
Friability .......................................................0.3 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) Tablets

(150 mg)

1. Formulation

Ribolfavin (BASF) ..........................................156 g

Ludipress [1] ................................................150 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................4 g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................308 mg
Diameter ......................................................8 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness ......................................................66 N
Disintegration ...............................................2 min
Friability........................................................0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B3 (Nicotinamide) Tablets

(300 mg)

1. Formulation

Nicotinamide (Degussa) ................................320 g

Avicel PH 101 [5] ..........................................160 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................16 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................3 g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................506 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness ......................................................89 N
Disintegration.............................................< 1 min
Friability .......................................................0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B5 (Calcium D-Pantothenate)

Chewable Tablets
(600 mg)

1. Formulation

Calcium D-Pantothenate (BASF)....................610 g

Sorbitol, crystalline [10] .................................150 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] ..........................................140 g
Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................30 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ..............50 g
Flavours..........................................................q.s.

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with low
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................987 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness ..................................................> 150 N
Disintegration (water) ..................................19 min
Friability .....................................................< 0.3 %

4. Remark

Perhaps the addition of Kollidon CL is not needed.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B5 (Calcium D-Pantothenate)

Tablets (100 mg)

1. Formulation

Calcium D-Pantothenate (BASF)....................100 g

Ludipress [1] ................................................150 g
Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................10 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press to tablets
with medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................252 mg
Diameter ......................................................8 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness.....................................................196 N
Disintegration ...............................................6 min
Friability .....................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B5 (Calcium D-Pantothenate)

Tablets
(280 mg)

1. Formulation

Calcium D-Pantothenate (BASF) ...................285 g

Avicel PH 101 [5] ............................................50 g
Dibasic calcium phosphate DI-TAB [9] ...........150 g
Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................20 g
Stearic acid [7].................................................3 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press to tablets
with medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................518 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness.....................................................100 N
Disintegration..............................................11 min
Friability .....................................................< 0.2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B5 (Calcium D-Pantothenate)

Tablets
(300 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Calcium D-Pantothenate (BASF) ...................300 g 305 g

Lactose Monohydrate [8] ................................60 g –
Corn starch [3] ...............................................50 g –
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] .......................................– 75 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] ..........................................100 g 70 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................12 g –
Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................25 g 15 g
Talc [10] .........................................................52 g –
Calcium arachinate [2] ......................................6 g –
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................6 g –
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ...................– 25 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press to tablets
with medium/low compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................604 mg 488 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................62 N 135 N
Disintegration..............................................11 min 5 min
Friability .......................................................0.8 % < 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) Tablets

(40 mg), DC

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF) .....................40 g 40 g

Lactose monohydrate [8] ..............................150 g 150 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] ..........................................150 g 150 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................15 g –
Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................10 g –
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................1 g 1g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................1 g 1g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Pass all components through a 0.5 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................361 mg 340 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness.....................................................140 N 81 N
Disintegration ...............................................2 min 2 min
Friability .....................................................< 0.1% 0.2

4. Chemical stability of Formulation No. 1 (40°C, closed)

0 Months 3 Months 6 Months

Vitamin B 6 100 % 100 % 100 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) Tablets

(40 mg), WG

1. Formulation

I. Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF) .....................40 g

Corn starch [3] .............................................300 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ................................................15 g
Water + Isopropanol (1+1) ..............................80 g
III. Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................1 g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
mix with III and press with high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................354 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness ......................................................70 N
Disintegration ...............................................3 min
Friability........................................................0.1%

4. Chemical stability (40°C, closed)

0 Months 3 Months 6 Months

Vitamin B 6 100 % 100 % 100 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) Tablets

(100 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Pyridoxine hydrochloride ...............................100 g 100 g

Tabletlose [8]................................................200 g –
Lactose monohydrate [8] .....................................– 150 g
Avicel PH 101 [5].................................................– 83 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................10 g 10 g
Kollidon CL [1] .................................................3 g 3g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................1 g 1g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................1 g 1g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................363 mg 360 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................74 N 61 N
Disintegration.............................................< 1 min < 1 min
Friability .......................................................0.2 % < 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) Tablets

(250 mg)

1. Formulation

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)....................250 g

Avicel PH 101 [5] ..........................................100 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................12 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................361 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness ......................................................53 N
Disintegration ..........................................2 – 3 min
Friability .....................................................< 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) Tablets

(300 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Pyridoxine hydrochloride (BASF)....................300 g

Lactose monohydrate D 20 [8] ......................100 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1]................................................20 g
Isopropanol + water (1+1) ...............................60 g
III. Kollidon CL [1] ...............................................10 g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................2 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry and sieve through a 0.8 mm
screen. Press with medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................440 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness .....................................................110 N
Disintegration ...............................................8 min
Friability........................................................0.1%

4. Chemical stability (40 °C, closed)

No loss of vitamin B6 after 3 and 6 months.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin C + Calcium Carbonate

Effervescent Tablets
(500 mg + 300 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Calcium carbonate .......................................315 g

Sodium bicarbonate .....................................450 g
Tartaric acid, powder ....................................600 g
Kollidon 30 [1]................................................35 g
II. Kollidon 30 [1] ................................................10 g
Isopropanol..................................................200 g
III. Sucrose crystalline .......................................400 g
IV. Ascorbic acid, crystalline (BASF) ...................550 g
Kollidon CL [1]..............................................120 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ..............60 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, mix with III and dry. Add IV and press
with a high compression force at maximum 30 % of relative atmospheric
humidity.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...................................................2,500 mg
Diameter ....................................................20 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness.....................................................100 N
Disintegration ...............................................2 min
Friability ..........................................................2 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin C + Vitamin E Lozenges

(100 mg + 50 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Ascorbic acid, crystalline (BASF) ...................100 g

Vitamin E acetate dry powder SD 50 (BASF) ..100 g
Dextrose ......................................................400 g
Kollidon 90 F [1] ...............................................4 g
II. Isopropanol....................................................25 g
III. Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ................6 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with isopropanol, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,

mix with III and press with high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................600 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness ......................................................61 N
Friability .....................................................< 0.1%

4. Stability of appearance

No change of the tablet colour during 3 months at 30 °C and 70 %

relative humidity.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) Chewable Tablets

(100 mg, 500 mg, 1,000 mg)

1. Formulation

Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF) .....................42.2 %

Microcristalline cellulose, .............................28.3 %
e.g. Avicel PH 101 [5]
Sucrose, powder ........................................13.0 %
Sucrose, crystalline.......................................8.0 %
Kollidon VA 64 [1] .........................................2.4 %
Cyclamate sodium ........................................2.4 %
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] .............2.0 %
Orange flavour + strawberry flavour (2+1).......1.2 %
Aerosil 200 [4] ..............................................0.2 %
Saccharin sodium .........................................0.1%

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press to tablets
with medium to high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Vitamin C content / Tablet

100 mg 500 mg 1000 mg

Weight 250 mg 1250 mg 2500 mg

Diameter 8 mm 15 mm 20 mm
Form biplanar biplanar biplanar
Hardness 157 N > 100 N > 150 N
Disintegration (water) 15 min > 15 min 14 min
Friability < 0.1% 0.8 % 0.6 %

4. Remark

This formulation also is mentioned in “Standardzulassungen für Fertig-

arzneimittel”, Deutscher Apothekerverlag, 1988.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid + Ascorbate)

Chewable Tablets
(500 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Ascorbic acid, crystalline (BASF) ..................500 g 100 g

Sodium ascorbate, crystalline (BASF) ...................– 450 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] ..............................1,100 g 264 g
Sucrose, crystalline .............................................– 200 g
Sucrose, powder.................................................– 200 g
Dextrose ......................................................300 g –
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6].............100 g 60 g
Magnesium stearate [2]...................................10 g 3g
Aerosil 200 [4] ................................................10 g 4g
Saccharin sodium ...............................................– 1g
Cyclamate sodium..........................................10 g –
Orange flavour ...............................................30 g 20 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with
medium to high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ...................................................2,080 mg 1,295 mg

Diameter ....................................................20 mm 16 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ..................................................> 150 N 126 N
Friability .......................................................0.7 % 0.7 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) Chewable Tablets

with Dextrose
(100 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

I. Ascorbic acid, crystalline ..............................105 g —

Ascorbic acid, EC coated 97.5 % (Merck)..............– 110 g
Dextrose ......................................................500 g 500 g
II. Kollidon 90 F [1] ...............................................4 g 4g
Water and/or isopropanol.........................30 – 50 g 30 – 50 g
III. Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ................6 g 6g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II (in a fluidized bed), sieve, add III and
press with high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................620 mg 620 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness.....................................................150 N > 100 N
Disintegration .............................................10 min not tested
Friability .....................................................< 0.1% 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
4. Chemical stability (40 °C, closed)

0 Months 3 Months 6 Months

Formulation No. 1 100 % 100 % 100 %

Formulation No. 2 100 % 92 % 93 %

5. Remarks

1. If no fluidized bed is available water should be avoided as granulation

solvent.
2. The use of coated ascorbic acid does not increase the stability.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) Chewable Tablets

with Fructose
(120 mg)

1. Formulation

Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF) .......................120 g

Fructose ......................................................500 g
Ludipress [1] ................................................200 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] ..........................................100 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................15 g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................4 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ..............35 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................970 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness.....................................................222 N
Disintegration (water) ....................................9 min
Friability ..........................................................0 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) Chewable Tablets

with Sucrose
(500 mg)

1. Formulation

Ascorbic acid (BASF) ....................................500 g

Sucrose, crystalline ......................................850 g
Avicel PH 101 [5] ..........................................575 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................60 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ..................................15 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with
medium compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...................................................2,000 mg
Diameter ....................................................20 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness.....................................................130 N
Disintegration...........................................> 20 min
Friability .......................................................0.5 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) Effervescent

Tablets
(100 mg and 1000 mg)

1. Formulation

No. 1 No. 2
100 mg 1000 mg

Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF) .......................112 g –

Ascorbic acid, crystalline (BASF) ..........................– 1000 g
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] .......................................– 800 g
Sorbitol Instant (Merck) .................................200 g –
Citric acid, anhydrous .................................1000 g 150 g
Sodium bicarbonate .....................................587 g 660 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ..............65 g 80 g
Lemon flavour ................................................10 g q.s.
Cyclamate sodium..........................................25 g q.s.
Saccharin sodium ............................................1 g q.s.

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Dry the sodium bicarbonate during 1 hour at 100 °C, mix with the other
components, pass all through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with high
compression force at maximum 30 % of relative atmospheric humidity.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ....................................................2050 mg 2,690 mg

Diameter ....................................................20 mm 20 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness.....................................................150 N 174 N
Disintegration (water) ...............................2 – 3 min 2 – 3 min
Friability .....................................................< 0.1% 0.8 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) Effervescent

Tablets
(500 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Sodium hydrogen carbonate .........................500 g

Tartaric acid .................................................430 g
II. Kollidon 25 [1]..................................................8 g
2-Propanol .................................................200 ml
III. Ascorbic acid, crystalline (BASF) ...................550 g
Sucrose (<0.5 mm) .......................................660 g
IV. Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6] ..............67 g
Dextrose, powder...........................................67 g
Orange flavour ...............................................10 g
Saccharin sodium ............................................1 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, pass through a 0.5 mm-sieve, and
dry at 60 °C. Dry mixture III also at 60 °C and mix together with I/II and
IV. At maximum 30 % relative atmospheric humidity, press to effervescent
tablets.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ...................................................2,300 mg
Diameter ....................................................20 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness.....................................................100 N
Disintegration (water) ....................................2 min

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) Tablets

(100 mg)

1. Formulation

Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF) .......................100 g

Ludipress [1] ................................................232 g
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................1 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, sieve and press to tablets of 335 mg weight.

3. Influence of the compression force on the tablet properties

compression force

Property 7 kN 15 kN 22 kN
Hardness 20 N 55 N 83 N
Disintegration 1 min 1 – 2 min 2 – 3 min
Friability 0.06 % < 0.05 % < 0.05 %

4. Remark

These tablets could be commercialized in Europe as dietary food

because all components are allowed for this application.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) Tablets

(200 mg)

1. Formulation

Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF)....................200.0 g

Ludipress [1]..................................231.0 – 256.0 g
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ........................................25.0 g
Kollidon CL [1].............................................15.0 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ...............................................1.2 g
Magnesium stearate [2] .................................2.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm screen and press with
medium compression force (18 kN).

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................499 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness ......................................................73 N
Disintegration ...............................................2 min
Friability .......................................................0.4 %
Dissolution, 30 min......................................> 90 %

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

4. Substitution of Kollidon VA 64 by other dry binders

Hardness [kN]

Friability [%]
80 Hardness 10
Friability
9
8
70
7
6
60 5
4
3
50
2
1
40 0
Kollidon VA 64 Kollidon 30 HP MC 11000

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid + Ascorbate)

Tablets
(250 mg)

1. Formulation

Ascorbic acid, powder (BASF).........................70 g

Sodium ascorbate .......................................208 g
Ludipress [1] ................................................196 g
Stearic acid [7] ...............................................14 g
Orange flavour .................................................6 g
Saccharin sodium ............................................3 g
Aerosil 200 [4]..................................................3 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................500 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness.....................................................106 N
Disintegration ...............................................6 min
Friability .......................................................0.3 %

4. Remark

These tablets could be commercialized in Europe as dietary food

because all components are allowed for this application.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) Tablets

(400 mg)

1. Formulation

I. Ascorbic acid, crystalline (BASF) ................440.0 g

Kollidon CL [1] ..............................................4.5 g
II. Kollidon VA 64 [1] ........................................13.5 g
Isopropanol.....................................................q.s.
III. Avicel PH 101 [5] .........................................75.0 g
Polyethylene glycol 6000, powder [6]............37.5 g

2. Manufacturing (Wet granulation)

Granulate mixture I with solution II, dry, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve,
add III and press with medium to high compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ......................................................593 mg
Diameter ....................................................12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar
Hardness .....................................................110 N
Disintegration ..........................................4 – 5 min
Friability .......................................................0.3 %

4. Stability of appearance

No change of the tablet colour during 3 months at 30 °C and 70 %

relative humidity.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin E + Benzocaine Solution

(5 % + 2 %)

1. Formulation

Vitamin E acetate .....................................5.0 g

Benzocaine ..............................................2.0 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] .........................................5.0 g
Cremophor RH 40 [1]..............................25.0 g
Sorbic acid ..............................................0.2 g
Water.....................................................62.8 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve sorbic acid and benzocain in water at 60 °C, add slowly the
heated mixture of Vitamin E acetate and Cremophor RH 40 (60 – 65 °C).
Cool the clear solution to about 5 °C and dissolve Lutrol F 127.

3. Properties of the solution

Clear colourless, viscous liquid.

4. Physical stability (22 °C and 40 °C)

No change was observed after 2 months.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin E + Selenium Veterinary Injectable

Solution (60 mg E + 3 mg Se/ml)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin E acetate (BASF) ..........................6.0 g

Cremophor EL or Solutol HS 15 [1] ..........22.0 g
II. Preservative ...............................................q.s.
Sodium selenite......................................0.33 g
Water for injectables ..........................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to about 60 °C, stir well and add very slowly the hot
solution II (60 °C).

After the ampoules have been heat-sterilized, they should be shaken for
a short time, while they are still hot, to eliminate any separation of the
phases that may have occurred. Sterilization can also be performed by
membrane filtration under pressure.

3. Properties of the solution

Clear or slightly opalescent, colourless liquid.

4. Remark

In Germany Cremophor EL must be declared on the package of

injectables.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin E Chewable Tablets

(100 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2 No. 3

Vitamin E acetate SD 50 ............200 g 200 g 200 g

(BASF)
Ludipress [1]....................................– 493 g –
Sorbitol, crystalline [10] .............390 g – –
Mannitol ...................................100 g – –
Dicalcium phosphate [9], ..................– – 400 g
granulated with 5 % Kollidon 30
Aerosil 200 [4] ..............................7 g 7g 4g
Magnesium stearate [2] .................3 g – –

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm screen and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2 No. 3

Weight ...................................711 mg 727 mg 624 mg

Diameter .................................12 mm 12 mm 12 mm
Form .....................................biplanar biplanar biplanar
Hardness .................................106 N 102 N 68 N
Disintegration ..........................12 min 15 min 17 min
Friability .......................................0 % 0% 0%

4. Remark

These tablets could be commercialized in Europe as dietary food

because all components are allowed for this application.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin E Chewable Tablets

(150 mg)

1. Formulation

Vitamin E acetate dry powder ................300.0 g

SD 50 (BASF)
Sorbitol [10]..........................................300.0 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ..........................................6.0 g
Saccharin sodium.....................................0.2 g
Magnesium stearate [2].............................6.0 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................620 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................80 N
Disintegration (water) ...........................> 30 min
Friability ................................................< 0.1%

4. Remark

These tablets could be commercialized in Europe as dietary food

because all components are allowed for this application.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin E Chewable Tablets

(200 mg)

1. Formulation

Vitamin E acetate dry powder ................400.0 g

SD 50 (BASF)
Ludipress [1] ........................................200.0 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ........................................10.0 g
Saccharin sodium .....................................0.1 g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Mix all components, pass through a 0.8 mm sieve and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight .................................................610 mg
Diameter ...............................................12 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness..................................................67 N
Disintegration (water) ...........................> 30 min
Friability .....................................................0 %

4. Remark

These tablets could be commercialized in Europe as dietary food

because all components are allowed for this application.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin E Chewable Tablets

(400 mg)

1. Formulation

Vitamin E acetate dry powder...................800 g

SD 50 (BASF)
Ludipress [1] ...........................................790 g
Aerosil 200 [4] ...........................................20 g
Flavours .....................................................q.s.

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.5 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

Weight ..............................................1,665 mg
Diameter ...............................................20 mm
Form ...................................................biplanar
Hardness ................................................108 N
Disintegration (water) ..........................> 30 min
Friability .....................................................0 %

4. Remark

These tablets could be commercialized in Europe as dietary food

because all components are allowed for this application.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin E Concentrate, Water-miscible

(10 % = 100 mg/ml)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin E acetate (BASF).........................10.5 g

Cremophor RH 40 [1]..............................25.0 g
II. Preservative ..............................................q. s.
Water................................................ad 100 ml

2. Manufacturing

Heat the mixture I and solution II separately to about 65 °C and add

mixture I slowly to the well stirred solution II (or solution II slowly to
mixture I).

3. Properties of the solution

Clear colourless liquid, miscible with water.

4. Physical stability (20–25 °C)

No change of appearance after 3 months.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin E Drops
(50 mg/ml)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin E acetate (BASF) ..........................5.0 g

Cremophor RH 40 [1]..............................16.0 g
II. Preservative ..............................................q. s.
Water ...................................................79.0 ml

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I and solution II to about 65 °C and add solution II slowly to

mixture I.

3. Properties of the solution

Clear or lightly opalescent, colourless liquid.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
6.7 Formulations of semi-solid drugs (Lab scale)

Vitamin E Gel-Cream
(10 %)

1. Formulation

Vitamin E acetate (BASF) ...........................10 g

Propylene glycol Pharma [1] .......................15 g
Lutrol F 127 [1] ..........................................20 g
Water........................................................55 g

2. Manufacturing

Mix vitamin E acetate with propylene glycol and add the water. After
cooling to about 6 °C dissolve slowly Lutrol F 127 in the well stirred
mixture. Maintain cool until the air bubbles escaped.

3. Properties of the gel-cream

Turbid white gel at temperatures between 20 – 50 °C.

Viscosity at 25 °C about 120,000 mPa · s.

4. Physical stability

After 2 weeks at 40 °C no changes of aspect or viscosity were observed.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin E Solution with Ethanol

(0.01% = 1 mg/10 ml)

1. Formulation

I. Vitamin E acetate (BASF).........................10 mg

Cremophor EL [1] .............................4.0 – 5.0 g
II. Water .....................................................57.0 g
Ethanol 96 % ..........................................38.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Heat mixture I to about 60 °C, stir well and add slowly the warm solvent
mixture II.

3. Properties of the solution

Clear, colourless liquid of low viscosity.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
2.9 Tablet formulations (Lab Scale)

Vitamin E Tablets
(50 mg)

1. Formulations

No. 1 No. 2

Vitamin E acetate dry powder........................100 g 100 g

SD 50 (BASF)
Sorbitol, crystalline (Merck) ..................................– 300 g
Mannitol.......................................................140 g –
Tablettose [8] ...............................................140 g –
Kollidon VA 64 [1] ...........................................15 g –
Magnesium stearate [2] ....................................2 g 3g
Aerosil 200 [4] ................................................10 g 3g

2. Manufacturing (Direct compression)

Pass all components through a 0.8 mm sieve, mix and press with high
compression force.

3. Tablet properties

No. 1 No. 2

Weight ......................................................410 mg 413 mg

Diameter ....................................................12 mm 12 mm
Form ........................................................biplanar biplanar
Hardness ......................................................34 N 70 N
Desintegration ..............................................9 min 11 min
Friability .....................................................< 0.1% < 0.1%

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998
5.8 Liquid Formulations (Lab scale)

Vitamin K1 (= Phytomenadion) Injectable

Solution (10 mg and 20 mg/ ml)

1. Formulation

No. 1 No. 2

Phytomenadion .............................................1.0 g 2.0 g

Solutol HS 15 or Cremophor EL [1].................6.5 g 11.0g
Preservatives ..................................................q.s. q.s.
Water for injectables ....................................93.0 g 87.0 g

2. Manufacturing

Dissolve phytomenadion in Solutol HS 15 heated to about 60 °C and

add slowly the warm water. The sterilisation can be done by heat at
120 °C or by filtration. After the ampoules have been heat-sterilized, they
should be shaken for a short time, while they are still hot, to eliminate
any separation of the phases that may have occurred.

3. Properties of the solution

A clear colourless solution of low viscosity was obtained.

4. Physical stability (Formulation No. 1)

Stored at 40 °C and protected from light the heat sterilized solution did
not show any change of the clarity and colour after 12 weeks.

Stored at 20 – 25°C in the day light the heat sterilized solution did not
show any change of the clarity and colour after 12 weeks.

5. Remark

In Germany Cremophor EL must be declared on the package of inject-

ables.

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BASF Fine Chemicals Generic Drug Formulations 1998