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UNIT 3: A WORLD OF REGIONS

3.0 Learning Objectives
a. Analyze how various media drive various forms of global
integration;
b. Explain the dynamic between local and global cultural
production;
c. Explain how globalization affects religious practices and
beliefs; and
d. Analyze the relationship between religion and global conflict
and conversely, global peace

Introduction
Governments, associations, societies and groups form regional
organizations and/or network as a way of coping with the challenges of
globalizations.

3.1 Global Divides: The North and the South

The term “First World” refers to so called developed, capitalist,
industrial countries, roughly, a bloc of countries aligned with the United
States after World War II, with more or less common political and
economic interests: North America, Western Europe, Japan and Australia.
“Second World” refers to the former communist-socialist,
industrial states, (formerly the Eastern bloc, the territory and sphere of
influence of the Union of Soviet Socialists Republic) today: Russia, Eastern
Europe (e.g. Poland) and some of the Turk States (e.g. Kazakhstan) as well
as China.
“Third World” despite ever evolving definitions, the concept of the
third world serves to identify countries that suffer from high infant
mortality, low economic development, high levels of poverty, low
utilization of natural resources and heavy dependence on industrial
nations. These are the developing and technologically less advanced
nations of Asia, Africa, Oceania and Latin America. Third world nations
tend to have economies dependent on the developed countries and are
generally characterized as poor with unstable governments and having
high rates of population growth, illiteracy and disease. A key factor is the
lack of a middle class – with impoverished millions in a vast lower
economic class and a very small elite upper class controlling the country’s
wealth and resources. Most third world nations also have a very large
foreign debt.

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In the 1980s, the Brandt Line was developed

as a way of showing how the world was
geographically split into relatively richer and poorer
nations. Richer countries are almost all located in
the Northern Hemisphere, poorer countries are
mostly located in tropical regions and in the
Southern Hemisphere.
The terms the North and the South, when
used in a global context, are alternative
designations for “developed” and “developing” countries. The North-
South divide is broadly considered a socio-economic and political divide.
Global North Global South
America Most countries are in Asia and Africa
Canada Philippines
Japan Malaysia
Europe Haiti
South Korea Lebanon
Singapore Chad
Australia Brazil
New Zealand
The Global North (one quarter of the world population) refers to
developed societies of Europe and North America, which are characterized
by established democracy, wealth, technological advancement, political
stability, aging population, zero population growth and dominance of
world trade and politics. Global North encounter problems such as:
 Overconsumption and food wastage

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 Widespread poverty (Ireland and UK specifically)
 Expensive healthcare
 Increasing rate of mental health problems
The Global South (the developing countries – three quarters of the
world population) represents China, Latin America and others that are not
as economically sound and politically stable as their global North
counterparts tend to be characterized by turmoil, war, conflict, poverty,
anarchy and tyranny (Odeh, 2010). Global South encounter problems such
as:
 Contemporary global capitalism
 Neocolonialism
 Labor conditions
 Globalization, global health governance, health and prevention
needs
 Market liberalization
However economic development is not the only way to measure
progress per Human Development Index, there are other factors too such
as: life expectancy and education. The economic difference between
North and South:
 North – Industrial revolutionized, they opposed slavery.
 South was a lot more rural, plantations and small farms,
slavery

Activity No. 1
Create an image of the following aspects and describe your image.
1. 2.

A Global North
A Global South
Country
Country

_____________________ ____________________
_____________________ ____________________
_____________________ ____________________

3. 4.

A Global North
A Global South
Country
Country

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_____________________ ____________________
_____________________ ____________________
_____________________ ____________________
_____________________ ____________________

3.2 Asian Regionalism

Asian regionalism is the product of economic interaction, not
political planning. As a result of successful, outward oriented growth
strategies, Asian economies have grown not
only richer, but also closer together. In recent
years, new technological trends have further
strengthened ties among them, as have the rise
of the PRC and India and the region’s growing
weight in the global economy. But adversity
also played a role. The 1997/98 financial crisis
dealt a severe setback to much of the region,
highlighting Asia’s shared interests and
common vulnerabilities and providing an impetus for regional cooperation.
The challenge now facing Asia’s policy makers is simply put yet incredibly
complex.

Activity No. 2
Write an essay consisting of 150-300 words in a short bond paper.
The title is “I am for (select between Localization, Regionalization, &
Globalization) in this Contemporary World”.

Evaluation:
Answer the following questions and write your answer in a short
bond paper.
1. Explain the dynamic between local and global cultural production.
2. Explain how globalization affects religious practices and beliefs.

UNIT 4: A WORLD OF IDEAS

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4.0 Learning Objectives
a. Analyze how various media drive various forms of global
integration;
b. Explain the dynamic between local and global cultural production;
c. Explain how globalization affects religious practices and beliefs;
and
d. Analyze the relationship between religion and global conflict and
conversely, global peace

Introduction
Governments, associations, societies and groups form regional
organizations and/or network as a way of coping with the challenges of
globalizations.

4.1 Global Media Cultures

The media have a very important impact on cultural
globalization in two mutually interdependent ways: firstly,
the media provide an extensive transnational
transmission of cultural products and, secondly, they
contribute to the formation of communicative networks
and social structures. Global media cultures create a
continuous cultural exchange, in which crucial aspects
such as identity, nationality, religion, behavioral norms and way of life are
continuously questioned and challenged. These cultural encounters often
involve the meeting of cultures with a different socio-economic base,
typically a transnational and commercial cultural industry on one side and
a national, publicly regulated cultural industry on the
other side.
Due to their very structure, global media promote a
restructuring of cultural communities. The media such as
the press, and later radio and tv have been very important
institutions for the formation of national communities.
Global media support the creation of new communities.
The Internet, for example, not only facilitates
communication across the globe, but also supports
the formation of new social communities in which
members can interact with each other. And satellite
tv and radio allow immigrants to be in close contact
with their homeland’s language and culture while
they gradually accommodate to a new cultural

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environment. The common point of departure is the assumption that a
series of international media constitutes a global cultural supply in itself
and serves as an independent agency for cultural and social globalization,
in which cultural communities are continuously restructured and
redefined. (Source: Website)
In other words, media cultures take part in the process of
globalization, including how they challenge existing cultures and create
new and alternative symbolic and cultural communities.

Activity no. 1
Define the following terms according to your understanding.
1. Global media culture?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. Global cultural production?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3. Media
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

4.2 The Globalization of Religion

One may ask: what is the relation of religion to globalization? First,
there is the way in which globalization flattens out
cultural differences, erodes local customs and beliefs, and
spreads a secular, capitalist way of life that us at odds
with religions of all sorts. At the same time, there is the
way in which religion serves as the source of
globalization’s greatest resistance and as a haven for
those standing in opposition to its ubiquitous yet often
subtle power.
In both of these views, the relationship between religion and
globalization is antagonistic – one of struggle and conflict. While
opposition is an important aspect of the relationship between religion and
globalization, to see them only as foes misses some of the complexities of
their interaction, not
only in the past but in

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the postmodern world as well.

Religion and globalization can also be seen as partners in historical

change. In times past, religion in various manifestations, has been a
carrier of globalizing tendencies in the world. The history of Christianity, of
course, can be understood in part as an early effort to create a global
network of believers. Its extraordinary growth and influence as a world
religion was a result of a link between its own global ambitions and the
expansion of various political and economic
regimes. It succeeded as a globalizing force long
before there was a phenomenon called
“globalization”. Elements of this historical
pattern can be found in Buddhism, Islam and
other faiths as well.

4.2.1 Globalization Affects Religious

Practices and Beliefs
Evolving trade routes led to the colonization of the Asia, Africa,
Central and South America. Religion became an integral part of
colonization and later on globalization. Religion has been a major feature
in some historical conflicts and the most recent wave of modern terrorism.

4.2.2 The Impact of Globalization

 Flattens cultural differences
 Erodes local customs and beliefs
 Spreads secular, capitalist way of life

4.2.3 What is Religion Nowadays?
 It’s no longer a set of beliefs that people arrive by
reflection
 It’s a symbolic system which carries our identity
and marks out social/ethic and other boundaries
 It marks crucial moments in the life cycle with
rituals
 It provides powerful mechanisms for psychological and social
tension

4.2.4 Role of Religion Today

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Looking around the world today, it is clear that religion plays a role
in many of the major conflicts going on at
various levels. Furthermore, religion plays an
important role in people’s lives worldwide, and
has become one of the major ways people
connect with each other across the globe.
However, the role of religion in contemporary
societies is still not sufficiently understood in
academic research and in the work of policy-makers, NGOs and
journalists.

Activity no. 2
Answer the following questions and write your answer in a short
bond paper.
1. What is the impact of globalization to religion?
2. What is the impact of religion to globalization?
3. What are the religions in the 21st century that has many believers?

Evaluation (Quiz no. 3)

Choose the letter and write your answer in a short bond paper.
1. When was Marawi besieged by the ISIS?
a. 2018 c. 2016
b. 2015 d. 2017
2. Who wrote the essay entitled “Role of Religion in Promoting World
Peace?
a. Dissanayake c. Ven K.
Dhammananda
b. Crosoft D’Cruze d. Duke Wilson
3. The following are factors affecting the process of economic
globalization EXCEPT
a. Technology c. Tastes
b. World Peace d. Transportation
4. It implies that it is one of the major ways people connect with each
other across the world?
a. Globalization c. World peace
b. Religion d. Belief
5. The following are the most known religion across the world EXCEPT
a. Taoism c. Christianity
b. Islam d. Buddhism

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6. What would happen if there is a rampant violence and chaos around
the world?
a. Trades & transactions are continuous c. People are in
great fear
b. Globalization will not be affected d. People can still
socialize
7. Identify which do not belong to the group.
a. Flattens cultural differences c. Erodes local customs & belief
b. Provides powerful mechanisms d. Spreads capitalist way
of life
8. Find the error.
a. Work for peace instead of war
b. Religion must not in jealous competition
c. Share culture & technology
d. Religion do not guides people
9. Choose the best statement about world peace in connection of
religion.
a. Religious leaders stretch their hands in friendship to another
b. Pause and reflect upon true values of religion
c. Seek proper spiritual guidance to develop our “goodness”
d. Let religions teach people to be kind, tolerant & understanding
10. Who pointed out that “world music” led to rediscovery of local
music scenes and global musical platform?
a. Immanuel Wallerstein c. Homi K. Bhabha
b. Paulo Emanuel Novais Guimarães d. Edward Said

Table of Specification
COGNITIVE SKILLS TESTED
No.
Perce Remem Understa App Analy Evalu Crea
of TOT
TOPICS nt ber nd ly ze ate te
Hou AL
(%)
rs Item Item Item Item
Item No. Item No.
No. No. No. No.

A World of 5 1, 2, 3, 10
Ideas 4, 5, 7, 8 6 & 9 (2)
& 10 (8)

TOTAL 5

Performance Rubric
Your essay will be graded based on this rubric. Consequently, use
this rubric as a guide when working on your essay and check it again
before you submit it.

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Criteria Exception Excellent Good Fair Not
al (5pts) (4pts) (3pts) (2pts) Mastered
(1pt)
Quality of Student Student Good Student Student
information responses responses responses, responses
far exceed exceed Student although are largely
what is what is responses somewhat incorrect.
expected. expected. meet correct, are Although
Information Information expectation lacking in some
is not only is factually s. relevant answers
factually accurate, Information details and come close
accurate, and offers is factually supporting to the main
but shows extra accurate. examples idea, there
insightful supporting The student and/or is little
interpretati facts. somewhat interpretati evidence of
on which Responses responds on. the
indicates include beyond the required
mastery some basic level amount of
above interpretati of the mastery for
grade level. on which question to the topic
indicates provide being
mastery. supporting assessed.
details
and/or
interpretati
on.
Quantity of Student Student Student Student Student
information responses responses responses responses responses
exceed the meet the exceed the meet the are below
minimum
upper upper minimum the
quantity of
quantity of quantity of information quantity of minimum
information information requested information quantity of
expected to expected to to show requested information
show show mastery. to show requested
mastery. mastery. mastery. to show
mastery.
Neatness/ Student Student Student Student Student
legibility always responds in responds in does not frequently
responds in complete complete always responds in
sentences
complete sentences. respond in incomplete
most of the

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sentences. Sentences time. complete or
Sentences are mostly Sentences sentences. grammatica
vary in grammatica are Sentences lly incorrect
generally
length and lly correct. contain sentences,
grammatica
are The paper lly correct, grammar making the
grammatica is neatly with a few errors that paper
lly correct. and clearly minor sometimes difficult to
The paper written - errors that make the read. The
do not
is neatly representin paper paper may
impact the
and clearly g the readability difficult to contain
written - student's of the read. The excessive
representin personal essay. The paper may rips, folds,
g the best. paper is contain doodling or
student's neatly and excessive messy
clearly
personal rips, folds, corrections.
written -
best. representin doodling or The paper
g the messy does not
student's corrections. meet
personal This does minimum
best. not acceptable
represent standards.
the
student's
personal
best.

4.3 References
Chapter 10 of textbook: “Religion and Globalization” by Victor Roudometof

Chapter 22 of textbook: “Globalization and the Media: Creating the Global

Village” by Jack Lule

Chapter 23 of textbook: “Popular Music and Globalization” by Yara El-

Ghadban

Chapter 43 of textbook: “Religion and Global Conflict” by Mark

Juergensmeyer

Mariano M. Ariola, The Contemporary World, UNLIMITED BOOKS LIBRARY

SERVICES & PUBLISHING INC, 2018

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Online references:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/sociology/chapter/demography-and-
population/Hill.
https://www.slideshare.net/AISYAHADNAN4/global-north-and-global-south
https://www.slideshare.net/titserRex/a-world-of-regions-the-contemporary-
world
https://www.slideshare.net/titserRex/a-world-of-regions-the-contemporary-
world

The performance rubric used by the writer was adopted from the
performance rubric of Mr. Raul B. Celmar of Samar State University –
Mercedes Campus.

The pictures that were used in this Learning Packet was taken from
google.com

4.4 Acknowledgment
The images, tables, figures and information contained in this
module were taken from the references cited above.

For questions and clarifications:

Samar State University-Mercedes Campus
Facebook/Messenger Account: Mary Grace E. Gain
Email:gracegain23@gmail.com
Contact no: 09058918024

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CONGRATULATIONS! You are already finished with your LP 2

See you again at LP 3.

C. M. D. Hamo-ay