III.
ELECTION LAW
E. Elections; generally
i. Basic law on elections
1. Constitution
a. Article II, section 1
b. Article IV
c. Article V
d. Article IX-C
2. Omnibus Election Code
ii. Purpose of elections
1. Pangandaman v. COMELEC, 319 SCRA 283 (1999);
iii. Right to Suffrage
1. Macalintal v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 263590/G.R. No.
263673. June 27, 2023
2. Article V, Section 1 - Who may vote - Kabataan Party-
list, et.al. vs COMMERCE, G.R. 221318 (2015) on the
requirement of registration
3. Article V, Section 2 - Nicolas-Lewis v. COMELEC, G.R.
No. 162759, August 4, 2006
B. The Commission on Elections
i. Powers of COMELEC (Article IX-C, 1987 Constitution ;
Section 52, Omnibus Election Code) - Aggabao v. COM-
ELEC, G.R. No. 258456, July 26, 2022
ii. Jurisdiction of COMELEC; In division, En Banc
1. Cagas v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 194139, January 24,
2012
iii. Jurisdiction of COMELEC; over petitions for disqualification
▪ CASES:
1. Agustin v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 207105, November 10,
2015
2. Velasco v. Speaker Belmonte, G.R. No. 211140, Janu-
ary 12, 2016
iv. Suspension and annulment of canvassing and proclama-
tion
1. Albano v. Arranz, 114 Phil 318 (1962);
2. Salcedo v. COMELEC, 108 Phil 1164 (1960);
3. Gallardo v. COMELEC, G.R No. 85974, May 2, 1989;
4. Javier v. COMELEC, 13 SCRA 156 (1965)
1
v. Election offenses
1. Lluz v. Commission on Elections, 523 SCRA 456 (2007)
2. People v. Ting, G.R. No. 221505, December 5, 2018
3. Velez v. People, G.R. No. 215136, August 28, 2019
C. Eligibility of Candidates
i. Qualifications for President and Vice President read Const.,
article VII
ii. Qualifications for Members of Congress read Const., article
VI
1. Atong Paglaum, Inc. vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 203766,
April 2, 2013 on the Partylist system
iii. Qualifications and disqualifications of local officials
1. Section 39 and 40 of the Local Government Code
2. term limits - Tallado v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 246679,
September 10, 2019.
iv. Age and Citizenship Requirement
▪ CASES:
1. Poe-Llamanzares vs COMELEC, et al., GR Nos. 221697,
21698-700, March 8, 2016;
2. Mercado v. Manzano, 307 SCRA 630 (1999)
3. Maquiling v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 195649,
April 16, 2013
v. Residence Requirement
▪ CASES:
1. Caballero v. COMELEC G.R. No. 209835. September 22,
2015
2. Romualdez-Marcos v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 119976, Sep-
tember 18, 1995
vi. Certificate of Candidacy; Substitution (Section 68, 69, 73,
74, 77 and 78; Omnibus Election Code)
1. Effect of Filing
2. Distinctions of Petition under Section 68 and 78
a. Tañada, Jr. v. House of Representatives Elec-
toral Tribunal, G.R. No. 217012, March 01, 2016
a. Tagolino v. HRET, G.R. No. 202202, March 19,
2013
3. Substitution
a. Miranda v. Abaya, G.R. No. 136351 July 28,
1999
2
b. Federico v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 199612. Janu-
ary 22, 2013
c. Rulloda vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 154198, 20 Janu-
ary 2003
D. Disqualification
iii. Quo Warranto; senatorial and congressional candidate
▪ CASES:
1. Aquino v. COMELEC, 248 SCRA 400 (1995)
2. Perez v. COMELEC, 317 SCRA 641 (1999)
iv. Grounds for Petitions
▪ CASES:
1. Penera v. Comelec, G.R. No. 181613, November 25,
2009
2. Lluz v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 172840, June
7, 2007
3. Romeo G. Jaloslos vs. COMELEC, et al., G.R. No.
205033, June 18 2013
4. Dimapilis v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 227158, April 18, 2017
5. Aguilar v. Benlot, G.R. No. 232806, January 21, 2019
6. Halili v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 231643, January 15, 2019
7. Martinez III v. House of Representatives Electoral Tri-
bunal, G.R. No. 189034, January 11, 2010
8. Tañada, Jr. v. House of Representatives Electoral Tri-
bunal, G.R. No. 217012, March 01, 2016
v. Nuisance candidate
1. Dela Cruz v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 192221 : November
13, 2012
2. De Alban v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 243968. March 22,
2022
3. Zapanta v. Comelec G.R. No. 233016, March 05, 2019
4. Santos v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 235058, September 4,
2018
E. Pre-election protest/dispute
1. Sano v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 182221, February 3,
2010 on Pre-proclamation controversies
2. Arnado v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 210164, August 18,
2015.
F. Post-election protest/dispute
1. Abayan v. HRET, G.R. No. 222236, May 3, 2016
2. An Waray Party-List v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 268546. Au-
gust 6, 2024.
