- Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

1 Explain how each of the following 6 Application marks may

stages could help CYB in the be awarded for
recruitment process. appropriate use of the
following:
Knowledge [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each relevant point identified • accountants
[max 2]
• multinational company
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
if relevant reference made to this
business • small teams
• 3 (new employees)
Analysis [2 × 1] – award 1 mark for
each relevant explanation • new computerised
system OR system
Relevant points might include:
• economic boom
Person (job) specification
• on the job training OR
• Sets out the qualifications needed
off the job training
[k] such as accountancy degree [an]
so know whoever is chosen can do • (highly) skilled
tasks required [an]
The focus of the answer
• Sets out the skills needed [k] such should focus on the
as team worker [app] so able to business not
work effectively with the others in employees
the group [an]
• Sets out experience necessary [k]
such as working with multinationals
[app] so able to be effective quickly
[an]
Advertising the job vacancies
• Make people aware [k] about the
3 jobs [app] increasing the number
of potential applicants [an]
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

• Provide people with information

about culture OR business [k] such
as working in small teams [app] so
more likely to join CYB than
competitor [an]
• Can target suitable people [k] in
accountancy magazines [app]
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

2 Identify one advantage and one 6 Application marks may

disadvantage to Josh of using be awarded for
offthe-job-training. appropriate use of the
following: Service,
Knowledge [2 × 1] : award one
cleaners, small / large
mark for each relevant advantage /
businesses, fulltime,
disadvantage identifiedApplication
added value, 6.
[2 × 1] : award 1 mark if relevant
reference made to this business Do not award points that
apply to both on or off
Analysis [2 × 1] : award 1 mark for
the job training.
each relevant explanation
The focus of the answer
Points might include:
must be the effect on
Advantages: Josh not the workers.
• Other workers not affected [k] so
able to do more cleaning jobs [app]
to keep up with demand [an] •
Worker has access to skilled
trainers [k] so know what needs to
do to provide a quality service [app]
helping maintain reputation [an] •
Workers do not learn bad habits [k]
• Workers focus 100% on training
[k]
Disadvantages:
• Expensive OR high cost [k]
which
increases costs for the business
[an]
to train all 6 workers [app] • Not
necessarily tailored to individual
company [k] so might not cover
the
equipment Josh uses [app] •
Workers are training rather than
cleaning [k + app] and so less
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

output is produced [an]

 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

3 Do you think it is better for 6 Application marks may

TUKAN to use internal or be awarded for
external recruitment for the new appropriate use of the
manage r? Justify your answer. following:
High percentage leave
Knowledge [1]: award 1 mark for each year, Flow
identification of relevant point (s) production, Good
wages,
Lean production,
Operations (manager),
Application [1]: award 1 mark for
Economy at growth stage
a relevant reference made to this
(of business cycle),
business
Revenue increased by
Analysis [2]: award up to 2 marks 25% Profit did not
for relevant development of point(s) increase, Looking for
ideas as need to improve
efficiency, No
Evaluation [2] – justified decision involvement in decision
made as to whether TUKAN should making, Soft drinks
use internal or external recruitment
for the new manager.
Points might include:
External
• Wider pool of candidates [k] can
help attract right person [an] •
Bring
in new ideas [k] as need to
improve
efficiency [app] • Increased
recruitment costs [k] which will
increase expenses [an] when profit
has not increased [app] • New
person has no knowledge of
business [k] so will need to spend
time or money while get to know
things [an] • Are suitable
candidates
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

available [k] if many people leave

each year [app]
Internal
• Act as incentive OR motivation
for employees [k] which could
increase efficiency [app] • People
know the business [k] so can start
work quicker [an] • Company
knows the people [k] • Generate
stability and experience [k] so
reducing labour turnover [app]

4 Identify two possible reasons that 2 Do not award reduced

could make it necessary to demand as excluded by
downsize a workforce. question.
Knowledge [2×1]: award 1 mark
for each reason identified
Points might include: • Economic
crisis • Factory OR shop OR
office
closure • Merger or takeover, •
Need to reduce costs • Changes in
management OR strategy •
Automation or replaced by
machinery • Excess workforce •
Relocation • Reduced demand
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

5 Identify two stages in 2 Answer must be from the

recruitment. business viewpoint not
the applicant e.g. CV or
Knowledge [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
letter of application
per stage identified
Points might include: • Job analysis
/identify a vacancy • Job description
• Person / job specification •
Advertising • Shortlisting •
Interview • Selection

6(a) Identify and explain two suitable 4 Application: skilled,

ways in which C&C might high quality, demand,
advertise the job vacancies. factory, shoes or
associated words as
Knowledge [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
leather, sewing, global,
for each relevant way
production, good
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
reputation
for each relevant explanation
Relevant points might include: Do not accept: ‘in the
• Job centre [k] as local shoemakers street’, internal / external,
would look here for jobs [app] Internet or posters on its
• advertising in newspaper [k] as own.
skilled it is labour [app]
Award relevant examples
• specialist (trade magazines) [k] as
of either two external or
looking for people to hand make
one example of each
shoes [app]
• recruitment agency [k] so C&C
can focus on meeting the extra
demand [app]
• jobs website / own website / social
media [k]
• internal newsletter [k]
• Radio / television [k]
• Word of mouth [k]
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

7(a) Identify and explain two benefits 6 Application: skilled,

to C&C of having full-time high quality, demand,
employees. factory, shoes or
associated words such as
Knowledge [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
leather, sewing, global,
for each advantage identified
120 (workers) 100 000
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
(shoes), 20 production
if relevant reference made to C&C
employees)
Analysis [2 × 1] – award 1 mark for
each relevant explanation Note: must link
Relevant points might include: advantage to C&C to be
• Easy to communicate / update [k] rewarded. E.g. ‘Feel
on new styles [app] as employees more secure’ alone is too
always there [an] vague as this is about the
• Motivated / More committed to employee and not the
the business [k] so likely to produce business.
enough shoes [an] to help meet the
Do not accept: fast /
growing demand [app]
quicker production,
• Fewer workers needed [k]
higher output / quality,
therefore less administration needed
increased efficiency or
[an]
work harder as K points.
• No need to train regularly [k] as
Candidate must explain
these are skilled workers [app] so
‘why’ these occur.
able to maintain quality / output
[an]
• internal pool of candidates for
promotion [k] which can help keep
recruitment costs low [an]
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

8 What is meant by ‘redundancy’? 2

Clear understanding [2]: e.g. job

position has gone and hence person
is no longer required
Some understanding [1] e.g. loses
job [1] or job role has gone [1]
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

9 Identify and explain two ways in 6

which legal controls might affect
UDig.
Knowledge [2 × 1] – identification
of relevant benefit
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
if relevant reference made to this
business
Analysis [2 × 1] – award 1 mark for
each relevant explanation
Relevant points might include:
• Need to provide safety equipment
[k] as work is highly dangerous
[app] could lead to higher costs
[an]
• Reduction in number of working
hours [k] in the mines [app] could
lead to lower output [an] •
Introduce
/increase minimum wage [k] for its
1800 employees [app] leading to
further redundancies [an] • Location
restrictions [k] so cannot operate in
some areas [an] leading to more
closures [app] • Pollution
restrictions [k] as coal burning
could damage environment [app]
so less demand from companies
[an]
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

10 Do you think it would be better 6

for the business to use full-time
or part-time employees? Justify
your answer.
Knowledge [1] – award up to 1
mark for identification of relevant
points
Application [1] – award 1 mark if
relevant reference made to this
business
Analysis [2] – award up to 2 marks
for relevant development of point
(s)
Evaluation [2] – justified decision
made as to whether it would be
better for the business to use
full-time or part-time employees.

Relevant points might include:

Part-time: • More flexible hours [k]
as it is a hotel [app] need staff all
the time [an] • Easier to ask workers
to work at busy times [k] if more
guests [app] more employees are
needed [an] • When not working no
need to pay wages [k] so is less
expensive than full time [an] as
which could help this new business
[app] • Need to recruit/train more
employees [k] so uses up more of
budget [app] which will take time
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

[an] • May leave for full time job

elsewhere [k]
Full-time: • Consistency of service
[k] helps its luxury image [app] so
could help boost reputation/ attract
more customers [an] • Workers
likely to be more committed to
business [k] • Easy to
communicate/update [k] as
employees always there [an] •
Internal pool of candidates for
future promotion [k] • Fewer
workers needed [k]
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

11 Do you think it would be better 6

for the business to use full-time
or part-time employees? Justify
your answer.
Knowledge [1] – award up to 1
mark for identification of relevant
points
Application [1] – award 1 mark if
relevant reference made to this
business
Analysis [2] – award up to 2 marks
for relevant development of point
(s)
Evaluation [2] – justified decision
made as to whether it would be
better for the business to use
full-time or part-time employees.

Relevant points might include:

Part-time: • More flexible hours [k]
as it is a hotel [app] need staff all
the time [an] • Easier to ask workers
to work at busy times [k] if more
guests [app] more employees are
needed [an] • When not working no
need to pay wages [k] so is less
expensive than full time [an] as
which could help this new business
[app] • Need to recruit/train more
employees [k] so uses up more of
budget [app] which will take time
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

[an] • May leave for full time job

elsewhere [k]
Full-time: • Consistency of service
[k] helps its luxury image [app] so
could help boost reputation/ attract
more customers [an] • Workers
likely to be more committed to
business [k] • Easy to
communicate/update [k] as
employees always there [an] •
Internal pool of candidates for
future promotion [k] • Fewer
workers needed [k]
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

12 Identify and explain two ways in 6

which legal controls might affect
UDig.
Knowledge [2 × 1] – identification
of relevant benefit
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
if relevant reference made to this
business
Analysis [2 × 1] – award 1 mark for
each relevant explanation
Relevant points might include:
• Need to provide safety equipment
[k] as work is highly dangerous
[app] could lead to higher costs
[an]
• Reduction in number of working
hours [k] in the mines [app] could
lead to lower output [an] •
Introduce
/increase minimum wage [k] for its
1800 employees [app] leading to
further redundancies [an] • Location
restrictions [k] so cannot operate in
some areas [an] leading to more
closures [app] • Pollution
restrictions [k] as coal burning
could damage environment [app]
so less demand from companies
[an]
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

13 What is meant by ‘redundancy’? 2

Clear understanding [2]: e.g. job

position has gone and hence person
is no longer required
Some understanding [1] e.g. loses
job [1] or job role has gone [1]
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

14 Do you think Saltan should 6 Knowledge marks can be

reduce the number of working either positive or
hours for every employee rather negative issues.
than reduce the number of jobs? Application marks may
Justify your answer. be awarded for
appropriate use of the
Knowledge [1] – award 1 mark for
following: cars,
identification of relevant issue(s).
downsize, plans decrease
production, use of
Application [1] – award 1 mark if numbers, skilled workers,
relevant reference made to this fulltime, trade union,
business. efficiency, increasing
competition, factory.
Analysis [2] – award up to 2 marks
for relevant development of For evaluation, either
point(s). viewpoint is acceptable
for decision.
Evaluation [2] – justified decision
made as to whether Saltan should Do not accept points
reduce the number of working such as ‘lower cost, pay
hours rather than reduce the number less wages, or lower
of jobs. output’ on own unless
explained as could apply
Relevant points might include:
to both options.
Reduce jobs: • May be difficult to
Note: points must relate
recruit new workers in future [k] if
to Saltan not generic
not easy to find skilled employees issues such as raise
[app] reducing Saltan’s
unemployment.
competitiveness [an] • Redundancy
[k] leading to increased costs [an]
so less funds to develop new
models [app] • Loss of skills [k] •
Less supervision needed/fewer
workers to manage [k]
Reduce hours:
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

• Less hours would impact more

employees [k] as more than 360
employees will have to work
part-time [app] reducing loyalty
[an] • Could be easier to change
[k]
especially if there is a reduction
in
competition [app] • Part-time
employees can be more productive
[k] than full-time employees [app]
so output is maintained [an].
General points:
• Reaction of trade union/bad
image/reputation/not seen as caring
employer [k] may reduce demand
[an] for cars [app] • Impact on other
employees (positive or negative
points) e.g. If they fear job losses
[k] efficiency may fall [app] as
workers demotivated [an] leading
to higher average costs [an].
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

15 Identify and explain two 6 Application marks may

advantages to Bushall of having be awarded for
part-time employees. appropriate use of the
following: team, awards,
Knowledge [2 × 1] – identification
use of numbers, farm
of relevant advantage [max 2].
(and / or associated
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark references such as
for each way if relevant reference bananas, pineapples,
made to Bushall. harvest) full-time.

Analysis [2 × 1] – award 1 mark for

each relevant explanation.
Relevant points might include:
• More flexible/easier to ask
employees to work at busy times
[k] such as the picking season
[app]
when some additional help is
needed [an] • Help to attract new
employees [k] because it fits
around
their other commitments [an],
those
who may not want to work full-
time
[app] • Lower labour costs [k]
outside of harvest time [app] as
there is less work [an] • Provide
a
wide range of skills/knowledge
[k]
• May be more motivated [k] and
therefore have greater
productivity
[an] • Easier to find workers [k].
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

16 Identify two ways that a company 2

could use to advertise job
vacancies.
2 pplication [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
per way.
Points might include: company
website, local newspaper, local
radio, local TV, word-of-mouth,
notices on premises, Job
Centre/government agency,
specialist magazine, social
media/facebook, recruitment
agency, contacting previous
employees.
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

17 I dentify two situations (other 2 Accept any reasonable

than increasing competition) suggestions.
when a business might have to
reduce the size its workforce.
Knowledge [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
per situation.
Points might include:
• Introduction of automation/new
technology • Redesign work
space/layout • Demand factors e.g.
Fall in demand/fall in sales/change
in tastes, at end of product life
cycle, recession/economic slump •
Financial problems e.g. Lack of
income, increase in costs, cash flow
issues • Factory/shop closure •
Relocation overseas • Business
taken over • Change in law e.g.
Increase in minimum wage •
Over-manning/unnecessary
workers.
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

18 Identify and explain two 4

advantages to Toddles of having
fully trained employees.
Knowledge [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each relevant advantage [max
2]
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each relevant explanation in
context of this business Relevant
points might include:
• Increased motivation [k] as
know
how to look after the children
[app]
• Improved quality service/image
[k] which is important in tertiary
sector [app] • Fewer customer
complaints [k] from parents [app]
• Improved customer loyalty [k]
as
family would use nursery again
[app] • Able to train other
employees [k] which might help
business become profitable [app] •
Fewer accidents [k]
Application marks may be awarded
for appropriate use of the following:
(3) children, parents, childcare,
tertiary sector, (make business)
profitable.
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

19 Identify and explain two ways in 4

which induction training might
benefit NCE.
Knowledge [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each relevant way [max 2]
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each relevant explanation in
context of this business
Relevant points might include:
• Helps employees to settle into
their job quickly/familiarise
workers with the business/provide
information about the business [k]
so can cope with flow production
[app] • Aware of health and
safety/legal issues [k] in the factory
[app] • Know who to ask if there is
a problem [k] preventing wastage
of expensive parts [app] •
Opportunity to communicate
culture [k] so all car workers get
same message [app] • Help keep
productivity/efficiency high [k] so
NCE remains competitive [app]
Application could include:
(efficient) factory, cars, car parts,
productivity, flow production,
competitive market.
Do not accept generic points such
as increase output, less mistakes or
more ideas as these could relate to
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

any type of training.

 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

20 Identify and explain two factors 6

that NCE would need to consider
in deciding which workers to
make redundant.
Knowledge [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each relevant factor [max 2]
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each explanation in context of
this business
Analysis [2 × 1] – award 1 mark for
each relevant explanation
Relevant points might include:
• Identify which jobs are not
essential [k] as market might
recover the 20% lost [app] so
would
not want to spend money
recruiting
them again [an] •
Performance/output/experience/skills/flexibility
[k] making cars [app] so will want
to get rid of people who make
mistakes [an] • Wages/salary [k] •
Length of service/cost of
redundancy [k] if worked at factory
for a short time [app] might be
cheaper to let go [an]
• Attitude/attendance/disciplinary
record [k] in order to maintain
productivity [app] will want to
lose
poor/bad workers [an] •
Age/physical ability [k]
Application could include: 20% fall
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

in market size, factories, cars,

(high) productivity/efficient, 400
(workers).
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

21 Identify and explain two ways in 6

which Xiolom might be affected
by new legal controls over
employment.
Knowledge [2 × 1] – identification
of relevant points [max 2]
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each way if relevant reference
made to this business Analysis [2
× 1] – award 1 mark for each
relevant explanation
Relevant points might include:
• Need to provide safety equipment
[k] to all miners [app] which could
lead to fewer accidents/better
reputation [an] • How advertise
jobs
[k] so longer to prepare [an] so less
time to deal with pressure groups
[app] • Rules over unfair dismissal
[k] so not easy to reduce
workforce
[an] • Minimum wage laws [k]
which could increase the costs
[an]
as has 8000 workers [app] •
Maximum number of working
hours [k] allowed underground
[app] so need to employ more
workers [an] • Increased
administration costs [k] as more
paperwork to be completed [an] •
Make recruitment easier [k] as
mining [app] seen as less
dangerous
than before [an]
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

Do NOT accept increased costs on

own
Application marks may be awarded
for appropriate use of the following:
8000 jobs, mining, large company,
10 countries, expand.
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

22 Identify and explain two factors 6

(other than finance) that CLW’s
management need to consider
when increasing the scale of
production.
Knowledge [2 × 1] – identification
of relevant issues [max 2]
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each way if relevant reference
made to this business
Analysis [2 × 1] – award 1 mark for
each relevant explanation
Relevant points might include:
• Enough workspace [k] so might
have to relocate [an] away from
city
centre [app] • Access to sufficient
supplies [k] if there is a shortage of
wood [app] might not be able to
meet orders [an] • Labour issues
e.g. need to recruit/train more
workers [k] to make furniture
[app]
adding to business expenses [an] •
Market demand/increase in demand
permanent [k] as demand risen
quickly [app] if tastes change
again
could be left with unwanted
inventory [an] • Diseconomies of
scale e.g. communication issues [k]
as larger scale might mean current
methods do not work [an] •
Storage
issues e.g. have they sufficient
storage space [k] as already have
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

high levels of inventory [app] as

may need to rent additional unit
[an] • Quality issues e.g. are they
able to check standard [k] of tables
made [app]? could lead to bad
reputation [an] • Machinery issues
e.g. is condition/level of machinery
sufficient [k]?
Application could include: use of
numbers, demand risen rapidly,
high level of inventory, low
unemployment, near city centre,
factory, furniture, tables, chairs.

23 What is meant by ‘made 2

redundant’?
Clear understanding [2] e.g. The
worker is no longer required
through no fault of their own [2]
Some understanding [1] e.g. means
that his job role has gone [1]
Note: If the answer includes
dismissed, fired or sacked plus any
relevant point maximum 1 mark
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

24 Identify and explain two 6

problems for Camille of using
on-the-job training.
Knowledge [2 × 1] – identification
of relevant problem [max 2]
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each way if relevant reference
made to this business Analysis [2
× 1] – award 1 mark for each
relevant explanation
Relevant points might include:
• Trainer not as productive [k] so
not able to cut as many people’s
hair [app] leading to less revenue
[an] • Pass on bad habits to trainee
[k] which could lead to poor quality
work / bad reputation [an] for the
salon [app] • Trainer might not be
available [k] as work part time
[app] so trainee might have nothing
to do / need someone else to train
them [an] • Customers don’t want
trainee / unskilled person [k] to let
them wash / cut their hair [app] •
How to organise training [k] with
almost as many trainees as trainers
[app]
Application marks may be
awarded
for appropriate use of the
following:
hairdressers, hairdryers, haircuts or
associated words, 5 part-time
employees, small, successful /
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

popular business
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

25 Identify and explain two 4

advantages to Camille of
employing part- time workers.
Knowledge [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each relevant advantage [max
2]
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each relevant explanation in
context of this business Relevant
points might include:
• More flexible [k] so able to cover
when one of the 5 workers not
available [app] • Help meet
demand
during busy times [k] • Help
extend
opening hours [k] so able to
remain
popular [app] • Can fit around
employees other commitments [k]
so might help attract new
employees [app] • Less expensive
than full-time worker [k] so has
money to help expand [app] • Can
add more skills / experience to
business [k] so able to offer more
hairstyles [app] • Help keep
experienced workers [k]
Application marks may be awarded
for appropriate use of the following:
hairdressers, hairdryers, haircuts or
associated words, 5 part-time
employees, small, successful
business, wants to expand
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

26 Identify and explain two 6

advantages to PJK of using
skilled workers.
Knowledge [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for identification of each relevant
advantage [max 2]
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
if relevant reference made to this
business
Analysis [2 × 1] – award 1 mark for
each relevant explanation
Relevant points might include:
• Work quicker / more efficient /
more productive [k] so lower
average costs [an] • More output
[k]
so able to meet any increase in
customer demand [an] for watches
[app] • Higher quality / fewer
mistakes [k] so less wasted
materials [app] so can buy less
inventory [an] • Brand image /
good
reputation [k] as it’s a luxury
product [app] so people trust / buy
[an] • Less training needed [k] so
saves cost [an] • Less supervision
needed [k] so managers have time
to do other jobs [an] • More
flexible
workforce [k] as able to switch
between different stages of
production [app]
Application marks may be awarded
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

for appropriate use of the following:

luxury product, watches, quality
assurance, handmade, production
process, materials / parts

27 Identify two stages of the 2

recruitment process.
Knowledge [2 × 1] award one mark
per stage identified
Points might include:
Job analysis, job description, person
specification, advertising,
shortlisting, interview, selection.

Note: Answer must be from the

business viewpoint not the
applicant.
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

28 Identify and explain two 4

advantages to A2Z of producing
a job description.
Knowledge [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each advantage [max 2]
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each relevant explanation in
context of this business
Relevant points might include:
• Provides a clear idea of what job
involves [k] so they can select the
best pilots [app] • Saves time /
money / makes selection easier [k]
as won’t get applications from
people who cannot fly planes [app]
• As a basis for drawing up a
contract [k] so sure that all duties
will be carried out on-board [app]
• Helps decide basis for pay [k] •
Help create person specification [k]
• Helps create appropriate job
advert [k] • Helps resolve disputes
[k] between managers and pilots
[app]
Do not accept advantages to
employees. Candidates must not
refer to person specification
Application marks may be awarded
for appropriate use of the following:
flights, on-board, planes or aircraft,
airline, pilots
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

29 Identify and explain two suitable 6

ways that A2Z could use to
advertise the new jobs.
Knowledge [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for identification of each relevant
way [max 2]
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each way if relevant reference
made to this business
Analysis [2 × 1] – award 1 mark for
each relevant explanation
Relevant points might include:
• Specialist magazines [k] as
looking for qualified people [app]
so likely to read magazines
targeted
at them [an] • Internet job sites /
own website [k] as most people
use
internet to look for jobs these days
[an] • National TV / newspaper /
radio advertisements [k] as might
not be many pilots locally [app] so
can attract suitable people [an] •
Job
centre / Recruitment agencies [k]
can help produce a shortlist of
possible candidates [an] • Specialist
training / flight schools [k] where
people have learnt to fly [app]
Application marks may be awarded
for appropriate use of the following:
fly, pilots, airlines, highly qualified
/ highly skilled, passengers
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

Do not accept answers such

internet, website, schools or posters
on own as too vague

30 What is meant by ‘dismissal’? 2

Clear understanding [2]: e.g.
whether worker told to leave their
job [1] because their work or
behaviour is unsatisfactory
Some understanding [1]: made to
leave job
Do not accept ‘fired’, ‘dismissed’
or ‘sacked’ on own as it does not
explain the term

31 Identify two advantages of using 2

internal recruitment.
Knowledge [2×1] award 1 mark per
advantage
Points might include:
• Already know how business
operates • Saves time / money on
recruitment process • Business
already know the qualities / abilities
of candidates • Motivate other
employees
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

32 The Finance Director is worried 6

that new Government health &
safety laws will not benefit the
company and will only add to its
costs. Do you agree? Justify your
answer.
Knowledge [2] – award up to 2
marks for identification of relevant
issue(s)
Application [1] – award 1 mark if
relevant reference made to aspects
of HPT’s business
Analysis [1] – award 1 mark for
relevant development of point(s)

Evaluation [2] – justified decision

made as to whether the costs of
meeting the H&S laws will be
greater than the benefits for HPT.
Either viewpoint is acceptable.
Points / additional costs could
include:
• Cost of training, new equipment,
wastage of food [k] • Costs
increase
expenditure[an] and add to the
cash
flow problems of HPT [app] / or
costs negatively affect the
profitability [an] • Worker
motivation might increase [k] if
workers feel safe [an] they may
work harder and output / quality
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

might improve [app]. • All

businesses will be affected by the
new laws [k] so even if costs rise,
they can still remain competitive
[an] • Following health and safety
laws will mean people will have
trust in the food [k] because the
food will be hygienic [app] this
will
lead to an increase in sales [an].
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

33 Do you think it is a good idea for 6

Callow to use off the job training
for all its shop employees? Justify
your answer.
Knowledge [2] – award up to 2
marks for identification of relevant
issue(s)
Application [1] – award 1 mark if
relevant reference made to Callow’s
business
Analysis [1] – award 1 marks for
relevant development of point(s)

Evaluation [2] – justified decision

made as to whether it is a good
idea
for Callow to use off the job
training for all its shop employees.
Either viewpoint is acceptable.
Relevant points might include:
• Training costs will increase [k] as
they will need to pay for employees
training[k] as well as people to
cover them in the department [app]
this could negatively impact on
profits [an] • Might not have the
right people to do training [k] as a
good department manager does not
necessarily make a good trainer
[app] so could teach assistants the
wrong skills [an] • Could gain new
ideas or skills [k] which could mean
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

that the Callow can become more

competitive [an] against other
retailers. [app] • On the job could
distract good employees from their
work [k] so sales could be lost [an]
as they might not be able to give
their full attention to customers
[app].
Note: Do not accept development
or evaluation which focuses on
whether training is a good idea for
workers.
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

34 Identify and explain two stages 6

in the recruitment process of the
manager’s job for the
manufacturing business.
Knowledge [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each stage identified
Application [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
if relevant reference made to Key
people
Analysis [2 × 1] – award 1 mark for
each relevant explanation
For each reason maximum 3 marks
[1k + 1app + 1an].
Stages are: job analysis; job
description; person (job)
specification; advertising the
vacancy; shortlisting; interviewing,
induction (training).
Possible examples include:
• Job description [k] will outline the
tasks and responsibilities of the job
[an] • Person specification [k] will
list the qualities and experiences for
a senior manager [app] to attract the
right people [an] • Right place to
advertise [k] specialist
magazines/newspaper[app] to reach
a wide range of people [an].
Note: Do not accept training alone
– too vague.
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

35 Do you think it is better for 6

Cutter to use on the job or off the
job training? Justify your answer.

Knowledge [2] – award up to 2

marks for identification of relevant
issue(s).
Application [1] – award 1 mark if
relevant reference made to Cutter’s
business.
Analysis [1] – award 1 mark for
relevant development of point(s).

Evaluation [2] – justified decision

made as to whether it is better for
Cutter to use on the job or off the
job training. Either viewpoint is
acceptable.
Relevant points might include:
• Off the job training might not be
focused on the specific needs of
the
business [k] which might not help
maintain luxury brand image [app]
so is not cost effective [an] •
Expensive [k] as have to pay more
for off the job training which will
increase costs [an] • Skills might
not be available in the business [k]
so must use off the job training to
benefit from new techniques [an] •
Off the job training allows for
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

mistakes to be made [k] so building

confidence in an employee who is
more likely to produce good quality
coats [app], thus reducing waste
[an] • On the job training might
reinforce errors/bad practices will
be reinforced [k] which could lead
to poor quality coats being made
[app] which could reduce
sales/damage the reputation of the
business [an] • With on the job
training it is less likely that new
ideas/skills will be taught [k] • On
the job training allows Cutter to
control which skills are being
taught [k] so that workers do not
learn unnecessary skills [an] so
could help increase its profits •
With on the job training the worker
is immediately able to produce/no
loss in production time [k] so more
coats [app] improving productivity
[an]
Do not accept definitions of terms
as knowledge.
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

36 Identify and explain two reasons 4

why employment contracts are
used by businesses.
Knowledge [2 × 1] – award 1 mark
for each relevant reason
Analysis [2 × 1] – award 1 mark for
each relevant explanation
Points might include:
• It’s a legal requirement [k] so
failure to use them could lead to
fines / legal action [an] • Avoids
misunderstanding if there is a
dispute [k] business can check what
workers are expected to do [an] •
Employers and employees know
the terms and conditions of the
employment [k].
Note: Details of content within a
contract can be awarded only
once
as knowledge (e.g.
wages/hours/holidays).

[Total: 164]