1. On 01.10.

2022, Ram Lochan Sahoo, a resident of CDA, Sector-6, Cuttack visited Police colony,
Bhubaneshwar to attend the birthday party of his friend Jignesh, a constable with Odisha Police.
Amidst celebrations at about 10 PM in the night on the same day, Ram Lochan had an altercation
with Biju, another constable with Odisha Police. Biju gave a rough beating with a wooden stick
(Lathi) to Ram Lochan as a result of which he fell unconscious and was taken to a hospital in
Cuttack the same day. It came out in the X-Ray report that Ram Lochan’s lower jaw bone had
fractured as a result of beating (a cognizable case). On 10.10.2022, having been discharged from
hospital, Ram Lochan approached the Police Station in CDA, Cuttack to lodge a FIR. The Police
refused to register the FIR citing lack of jurisdiction, delay in reporting and non-cognizable nature of
complaint.
Explain the remedy (ies) available with Ram Lochan Sahoo in light of relevant legal provisions and
case-law(s), if any.
2. Rights of arrested persons through guidelines in judicial precedents. Duty of officers while making
an arrest w/o warrant.
3. Factual matrix given: Have to decide-
● Validity of magistrate refusing to grant police remand
● Validity of decision of trial court dismissing the plea for default bail filed in Babur
4. An officer incharge of a police station refuses to record information regarding commission of
murder of a person on the ground that informant is not relative of deceased. Can he do so?
Substantiate your answer with relevant legal provision(s) and landmark case(s). Have the
provisions pertaining to FIR undergone some changes under the BNSS, 2023? Explain.

5. Describe the circumstances when a police officer may arrest a person without an order from a
Magistrate and without a warrant. Also, explain the procedure to be followed for Arrest under CrPC.
Discuss the safeguards pertaining to the power of arrest as laid down by the Supreme Court of
India
6. X approached the court of judicial magistrate and lodged his complaint against Y and Z. The
cognizance was taken by the court. While inquiring further about the case, the court finds that an
FIR on similar facts had already been lodged by Y and Z against X and the case is being
investigated into by the police. How would the court proceed further in this case? Discuss in view
of relevant provisions and case law/s, if any.
7. Differentiate between
● Police case and complaint case
● Inquiry and investigation
8. In Moti Ram vs. State of MP (1978) 4 SCC 47, Justice V. R. Krishna Iyer remarked “If mason and
millionaire were treated alike, egregious inegality is an inevitability. Likewise, geographic allergy at
the judicial level makes mockery of equal protection of the laws within the territory of India. India is
one and not a conglomeration of districts, untouchably apart.” In view of this statement explain the
 concept of bail under the CrPC. Also, state the instances under the scheme of CrPC where bail
may be taken as a matter of right.
9. Accused A was arrested by police at Buxi Bazar, Cuttack in relation to an offence of murder of B on
10.01.2024. In order to complete the investigation, A was kept in the police lockup till 15.01.204.
Later, on 16.01.2024, A was produced before the court of jurisdictional judicial magistrate and
considering the gravity and complex nature of case, the state sought A’s police custody for 20 days
and the same was allowed by the court. Explaining the relevant provisions and case law/s, if any,
comment upon the validity of these proceedings.
10. Explain different stages of a trial of warrant cases instituted on police report with special emphasis
on pre-sentence hearing. Can the court summon any other person not arraigned as an accused in
the charge-sheet to be tried together with the accused? Substantiate your answer in light of
relevant legal provision/s and case law/s, if any.-

11. Y, the sole breadwinner of his household was found dead alongside a railway track in Cuttack. The
investigation revealed that Y had died of severe beating. However, the offender could not be
tracked by the police. Z, the wife of deceased Y is on the verge of destitution and makes an
application to the State of Odisha for grant of compensation. Her application is rejected on the
ground that no compensation can be granted before the conviction of the offender. Is the State
justified in doing so? Substantiate your answer in view of relevant provision/s and case law/s, if
any.
12. Short notes on:
● Charge
● Right of an accused to be examined by medical practitioner
13. Can a charge once framed be altered? If yes, what is its effect on the trial of the case? Whether an
accused be convicted for an offence for which he/she was not charged? What is the effect of error
in framing of charge?
14. Features of fair trial demand that all cases be decided in open courts? What are the exceptions to
the rule of open courts? Whether the online hearings satisfy the requirements of an open court?
Give reasons.
15. A) Critically analyze S. 207, CrPC relating to supply to the accused of copy of police report and
other documents.
B) What is difference between ‘issue of process’ and ‘committal’ of case? Who commits the case to
whom and when?
16. A) Mr X has been accused of rape of Ms. A when Ms A was 16 years of age. He was sentenced
to life imprisonment under Sections 376 IPC and Section 6 of POCSO Act, 2012 by a special court
in Delhi under POCSO on 2nd March, 2022. Mr X and Ms A have filed a joint petition before the
High Court of Delhi under section 482 read with Section 320, CrPC to be acquit Mr. X. They
contend that while the trial was going on Mr X has married Ms A. Ms A was major on the date of
marriage. State of Delhi has opposed the plea moved by Mr. X and Ms A. Imagine you are the
 counsel for State of Delhi in this case, enumerate the grounds of opposition of plea moved by Mr. X
and Ms A. Also explain the difference between compounding of offences and power of the High
Court under 482 to quash the offences with case laws and examples.
17. Enumerate in detail different stages of a trial before the Court of Sessions. Can the Sessions
Court summon any other person not being the accused to be tired together with the accused?
18. Critically analyze the discretionary power of the courts in granting bail in non-bailable offences?
Can the bail once granted be cancelled? If yes, under what circumstances and by whom?
19. Mr. T is working as a Travelling Ticket Examiner. One board his duty on Greeb Rath Express from
Patna to Amritsar, he finds that one Ms. K is travelling without a valid ticket. He asks Ms. K for a
sexual favor to allow her for onwards train journey without any fine. He takes Ms. K to the lavatory
of the washroom but she raises an alarm and escapes from being molested by Mr.T. On her arrival
at Amritsar, she files a case of sexual harassment and attempt to commit rape against Mr T under
Sections 354A IPC and Section 376 read with 511. Mr. T is tried under these offences by District
and Sessions Court, Amritsar but no sanction from Chairman of Railways, Ministry of Railways,
Union on India has been obtained. He has challenged his trial before the High Court of Punjab and
Haryana. Decide.
20. Write short notes on:
Plea Bargaining
Role of victim’s lawyer during a criminal trial
Withdrawal from prosecution
Section 313, CrPC
Limitation for taking cognizance of offences
Witness protection

21. The police lodged an FIR on 12/05/14 against Mr. X, a reputed politician, pertaining to
the disproportionate assets case. The police authorities conducted a search on the same
night without any prior notice or information to Mr. X. However, during search the police
couldn’t find any documents pertaining to disproportionate assets but they found some
obscene and pornographic materials and on this basis a new FIR was registered on
15/05/14 against Mr. X and prosecuted him for the same. Mr. X was convicted based on
search and seizure of obscene and pornographic material that were seized from Xs house
a. Discuss the evidentiary value of the materials seized during search.

b. Discuss the position of application of rule against self incrimination in search and
seizure in India in the light of Kuttan Pillai and Nandini Satpati cases.

22. Write short notes on: a. Police Diary b. Statutory Bail c.Custody memo
23. Mr. X, Sub inspector of Police, got oral information that “Mr.P committed the murder of Mr.Q”.
Immediately, he proceeded to the place of occurrence without recording the FIR and recorded the
statements of witnesses who present over there. All the witnesses deposed that “Mr.Z committed
the murder of Mr Q”. On the basis of the statements given by the witnesses, Mr. X registered FIR
and their statements as FI statements and completed the investigation within six months. The final
report concludes that the murder was committed by Mr.P and not by Mr.Z.

a) Discuss the validity of this FIR with the support of relevant case laws.
(05 Marks)
b) Whether the registration of FIR is mandatory or discretionary
24. In 2014, Mr. X and Y aged 18 and 34 respectively, were facing a trial before the Cuttack judicial
first class Magistrate court under section 420, 120A and 323 of Indian Penal Code. In the same
year, both the accused committed the similar offence of the similar nature in Bhubaneswar and
Puri and they were facing trial before Bhubaneswar and Puri judicial first class Magistrate court.
While all the matter was subjudice, they filed a petition to the concerned magistrate courts for joint
trial of all the cases committed in 2014 & 2015, but it was rejected. Then they filed Criminal
Miscellaneous petition before the Honourable High Court under section 482 of CrPC.
a. Adjudicate
(05 Marks)
b. Point out five differences between summons trial, warrant trial and sessions trial.
25. Write short notes:
● Withdrawl from prosecution
● Sentence hearing
● Warrant in lieu of summons
26. Has the Legislature left a person remediless if his First information report is not registered ?
Explain the procedure.
27. “The principal object of FIR is to set the criminal Law in motion” Discuss with reference to the
Leading case laws
28. Short note on
a. Sanction for prosecution
b. Difference between statements u/s 161 and 164 Crpc
29. Write short note on:
● Procedure of arrest
● Role of police in Non-cognizable offence
● Investigation in sexual offences
30. Avinash eloped with Sunita, his neighbour’s daughter on 22 nd June 2006. A complaint was filed by
Sunita’s father against Avinash. The Sub Inspector took up the investigation and arrested Avinash
 who after arrest suffered police custody. Avinash’s father was asked to come to the police station
on 20th September 2006 and then again after four days on 24 th September 2006. On this date , the
police officer demanded a sum of Rs. 7000 to be paid to him for not implicating Avinash in the said
kidnapping case and also to file charge sheet against his son by reducing the gravity of the charge.
The father expressed his inability to pay the amount as he was a lorry driver. The police then
reduced the amount to Rs. 5000 but Karan’s father again denied for the same and then reported
the matter by giving an FIR against the police officer for demanding bribe. Eventually the charge
sheet was placed against the accused officer before the competent court.
When the case came up for hearing on 22 nd June 2009, the public prosecutor filed a petition to
withdraw the case against the accused officer.

a) Decide on the maintainability of the withdrawal from prosecution in the aforesaid case?
b) Critically analyse the relevant guidelines given in landmark cases relating to withdrawal of
prosecution?
31. Critically analyse the following cases with special reference to the sentencing guidelines given in
the judgments:
a) Santa Singh vs. State of Punjab (1976)4 SCC 190
Mr. Sohan Raj became the Chief Minister of Maharashtra on 9 th January 2016. On 15th of February
2016, one person Hari Chandan, who belonged to the opposite party applied to the Governor of the
State for sanction to prosecute Mr. Sohan Raj under Section 167 of the CrPC and Section 6 of the
Prevention of Corruption Act. On 20 th of February 2016, Hari Chandan filed a complaint before the
Additional Metropolitan Magistrate, Bombay against the Mr. Sohan Raj for some alleged offence under
Sections 161 and 165 of the Indian Penal Code and Section 5 of the Prevention of Corruption Act as
also under Sections 384 and 420 read with Sections 109 and 120B of the Indian Penal Code. The
learned Magistrate refused to take cognizance of the offences under the Acts without the sanction for
prosecution. Considering the facts of the case, answer the following:
a) Can Hari Chandan file a revision in the following case? Cite the necessary ingredients for
entertaining a revision petition?
b) What is “appeal”? Who can file an appeal?
c) What are the powers of the appellate courts to grant bail?
32. Distinguish between
a) Appeal and Revision
b) Warrant Trial and Summons Trial
c) Discharge and Acquittal
d) Compounding of Offences and Withdrawal from prosecution
33. Write Short notes on the following:
a) Restorative Justice
b) Victimology
c) Witness Protection
d) Guilty Plea
e) Plea bargaining.
34. V
35. Fv
36. F
37. Vf
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