Expository/Factual Essay
Introductin
Example Hook: “Did you know that over 80% of the world’s energy comes
from non-renewable sources?”
Briefly introduce the topic: “Energy sources play a crucial role in global
development.”
Thesis: “This essay explores renewable energy, its benefits, and the
challenges to its adoption.”
Body
1. Topic Sentence: “One major advantage of renewable energy is its
sustainability.”
Example: Explain how solar and wind energy are inexhaustible compared to
fossil fuels.
2. Topic Sentence: “Despite its advantages, renewable energy faces
significant challenges.”
Example: Highlight the cost of renewable energy technology.
Conclusion
Example Summary: “Renewable energy is essential for sustainable
development, though challenges remain.”
Thought-provoking statement: “As technology advances, the shift to
renewables is no longer a choice but a necessity.”
3. Discursive Essay
Introduction
Example Hook: “Should schools eliminate homework? This question has
divided educators for decades.”
Present the issue: “While some argue homework reinforces learning, others
claim it adds undue stress.”
Scope: “This essay explores both perspectives.”
Body
1. For Homework:
Example: “Homework helps students practice concepts, such as solving math
equations independently.”
2. Against Homework:
Example: “However, studies have shown that excessive homework can harm
mental health, leading to burnout.”
Conclusion
Example Summary: “Homework has both benefits and drawbacks, depending
on how it’s assigned.”
Neutral closing: “Perhaps the key lies in moderation and personalized
approaches.”
3. Descriptive Essay
Introduction
Example Hook: “The warm aroma of freshly baked cookies fills the air,
instantly evoking memories of my grandmother’s kitchen.”
Introduce the subject: “This essay describes my grandmother’s kitchen, a
place of comfort and joy.”
Body
1. Sight: “Shelves stacked with jars of colorful spices and rows of
gleaming utensils.”
2. Smell: “The scent of cinnamon and chocolate always lingered in the
air.”
3. Sound: “The rhythmic clatter of spoons and the soft hum of her favorite
tune on the radio.”
4,5
Conclusion
Example Reflection: “My grandmother’s kitchen is more than a room; it’s a
symbol of love and tradition.”
Emotional close: “Whenever I bake, I feel her presence, guiding my hands.”
4. Narrative Essay
Introduction
Example Hook: “I stood at the edge of the diving board, my heart racing,
staring at the water below.”
Set the scene: “It was the summer I overcame my fear of heights.”
Introduce the conflict: “I was determined to conquer my fear, no matter how
scared I felt.”
Body
1. Beginning: “My friends were cheering me on, but my legs felt like jelly.”
2. Middle: “After several false starts, I finally took a deep breath and
leaped.”
3. Climax: “As I hit the water, I felt a surge of triumph. I had done it.”
Conclusion
Example Reflection: “That leap taught me the value of courage and pushing
beyond my limits.”
Memorable ending: “Now, whenever I face a challenge, I remember that
dive.”
4. Argumentative Essay
Introduction
Example Hook: “Social media has revolutionized communication, but at what
cost?”
Introduce the topic: “While social media connects people, it also raises
concerns about mental health.”
Thesis: “This essay argues that while social media has benefits, its negative
effects on mental health outweigh them.”
Body
1. Pro-Social Media Argument:
Example: “Social media enables instant communication and fosters global
connections.”
2. Counterargument:
Example: “However, excessive use is linked to anxiety and depression,
especially among teens.”
3. Rebuttal:
Example: “Though social media has tools to reduce screen time, their
effectiveness is limited without personal discipline.”
Conclusion
Example Summary: “While social media is a powerful tool, its impact on
mental health cannot be ignored.”
Strong closing: “Striking a balance is essential to harnessing its benefits
while mitigating harm.”
These outlines, paired with examples, provide clear guidance for writing each
type of essay effectively.
