Microbiology and Parasitology
Topic: Thallophyta
Prepared by: Ma. Rosario M. Quejado, RMT, LPT,EdD.
Thallophyta
• Simple plant body without roots, leaves and stem.
• Thallophyta Subgroups
1. Algae
2. Fungi
1.1 Molds
1.2 Yeast
Algae Size
• From micrometer to giant kelps
• Seen with naked eye but cellular structure is microscopic
• Shape: spherical, club and spiral
• Algae Habitat
1. Aquatic
2. Land with abundant moisture
3. Soil
4. Vegetation
5. Mud
6. Bark of trees
• Algae Energy
by Photosynthesis
• Algae Classification
1. Green
2. Golden brown
3. Brown
4. Red
• Algae Importance
1. Source of food
2. Iodine and other minerals
3. Fertilizer
4. Emulsifier for pudding
5. Stabilizer for Ice cream
6. Gelling agent
7. Culture media
Fungi
Plants without roots, stem, or leaves
• Found in most environments particularly the soil where they cause decay of plants and
animals.
• Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that include yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.
• They belong to their own kingdom, distinct from plants, animals, and bacteria.
Characteristic of Fungi
• Adaptable
• Cell structure: Fungal cells have a distinct cell wall made of chitin.
• Reproduction: Fungi reproduce through spores, which can be sexual or asexual.
• Habitat: Fungi thrive in diverse environments, including soil, water, and human hosts.
• Grow in any organic matter as long as there is sufficient moisture presents.
• Garbage disposers of nature
• Vultures of microbial world
• Some causes disease in man, animal and plants.
( Ringworm. Athletes foot and Blastomycosis)
Fungi- Di More Sporey Hypnotized, SappyYielded
Dimorphic Fungi
Molds
Sporey
Hyphae
Saprophytes
Yeast
Fungi Mode of Nutrition
1. Saprophytic- live or dead or decaying organic matter by decomposing waste and dead
bodies of plants and animal in soil and water, then absorb and utilize.
2. Chemo Organotrophic- obtain nutrition from nonliving organism.
A. Superficial Fungal Infections:
• Examples: Tinea infections (ringworm), candidiasis (yeast infection), and pityriasis
versicolor.
• Symptoms and Clinical Presentation: Skin rashes, itching, redness, and scaling.
B. Cutaneous Fungal Infections:
• Examples: Dermatophytosis, nail infections (onychomycosis).
• Symptoms and Clinical Presentation: Fungal invasion of the skin, hair, and nails, leading
to inflammation and discoloration.
C. Subcutaneous Fungal Infections:
• Examples: Sporotrichosis, mycetoma.
• Symptoms and Clinical Presentation: Infection involving deeper tissues, potentially
leading to abscess formation and chronic inflammation.
D. Systemic Fungal Infections:
• Examples: Candidemia, aspergillosis, cryptococcosis.
• Symptoms and Clinical Presentation: Serious infections affecting internal organs, often
in immunocompromised patients, with symptoms such as fever, cough, and organ
failure.
