Agriculture
443/1
Paper 1
Time : 2 Hours
PREDICTION EXAMINATION 2 FOR KCSE 2020/2021
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name and index number in the spaces provided above.
The paper consists of two sections A and B.
Answer all questions in section A and B in the spaces provided
FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY
Maximum Candidate’s
Section Question score score
118 30
A
19
20
B 21
20
23
24
c 25-27 40
TOTAL 90
SECTION A ( 30 MARKS )
Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.
1. Give four importance of horticultural crops in the economy of Kenya. (2 marks )
2. State four advantages of raising tomato seedlings in a nursery. ( 2 marks )
3. four disadvantages are associated with burning of land in shifting cultivation? (2 marks )
4. Which three soil properties are influenced by soil texture. (3 marks )
5. Outline four characteristics researchers aim at developing in breeding of maize crop.
(2 marks )
6. Distinguish between grafting and layering as used in crop production. ( 1 mark )
(i) Grafting
(ii) Layering
7. List six ways by which a farmer can adjust to risks and uncertainties. (3 marks )
8. State four aims of land settlement programmes in Kenya. (2 marks )
9. State four biotic factors that have negative influence on crop production. (2 marks )
10. List two reasons which causes hard-pan in a crop field. ( 1 mark )
11. State six ways on how a farmer prevents loss of soil fertility. (3 marks)
12. List four characteristics of plants suitable for green manure preparation. (2 marks )
13. State two precautions which are taken when harvesting cotton. (2 marks )
14. State two characteristics of high altitude pastures. (1 mark )
15. List two physical agents of weathering in the soil forming process. (2 marks )
SECTION B ( 20 MAKS )
Answer all the questions in the spaces provided
16. The diagram below represents a type of gulley erosion. Study it carefully and
answer the questions below.
(a) Identify the type of gulley illustrated above. (1mark)
(b) Briefly explain how the gulley is formed. (3marks)
(c Name one control measure that has been used over many years to control
gulley erosion. (1 mark )
17. The diagram below shows a maize cob attacked by a certain disease.
Study it and then answer the following questions.
(a) Identify the disease. (1mark)
(b) Name the causal organism of the disease. (1mark)
(c ) State three cultural methods of controlling the disease. (3marks)
18. The diagram below is a soil sampling method.
(a) Identify the method of soil sampling. (1mark )
(b) State four activities that are carried out during soil sampling in the field. (4marks)
(c ) Give three precautions taken when collecting a soil sample for soil testing. (3marks)
19. Name two classes of weeds based on their morphology. (2marks)
SECTION C ( 40 MARKS )
20. (i) State the four questions a farm manager formulates in preparing a partial budget. (4marks)
(ii) Under what conditions is partial budget an appropriate tool for planning. (4marks)
(iii) A farmer has 160 hectares of arable land, 60 ha of which is under wheat, 32 ha under
maize, 12 ha under fodder crops and the rest under pasture. He wishes to know whether
replacing 12ha of maize with irish potatoes the following year would be worth while.
The fertilizer rate would have to be increased from 5 bags per ha for maize 7 bags per
ha for irish potatoes .
An extra 100 man-days of casual labour per ha will be necessary as a result of the change.
The average yield of maize and irish potatoes is 45 and 115 bags per ha respectively.
The prices are 1,400/= per bag for maize and 1,200/= per bag for irish potatoes. Seed
costs are 2,500/= per ha for maize and 30,000/= per ha for irish potatoes, fertilizer costs
are 1,300/= per bag. Labour is paid at 150/= per man day.
(a) Draw up a partial budget and indicate the effect of the change. (12marks )
21. (a) Outline five ways in which wind negatively affects agricultural production.(5 marks )
(b) State and explain five factors that influence seed rate in crop production. (10 marks )
(c ) Give five principals that govern the functioning of co-operatives. (5 marks )
22. Describe the field production of tomatoes under the following sub-headings .
(a) Ecological requirements. (3 marks )
(b) Land preparation. ( 4 marks )
(c ) Transplanting (5 marks )
(d) Field management practices (5marks)
(e) Marketing (3 marks )
