Year 7B
19/11/2024
OVERPOPULATION IN BANGLADESH
Roshanali Kasmani
Map of Bangladesh
Physical location of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is in South Asia on the Bay of Bengal. It is
surrounded almost entirely by neighbouring India, and
shares a small border with Myanmar to its southeast,
though it lies very close to Nepal, Bhutan, and China. It's
total Area is about 147,570 square km.
The country is divided into three regions.
The Ganges Delta proper to the southwest.
The Paradelta to the northeast.
The southeast undulating Chittagong region.
Dhaka is the capital city of Bangladesh. Other cities and
towns in Bangladesh are:
Chittagong: A large port city on the southeastern
coast
Khulna: The third largest city in Bangladesh
Sylhet: One of the wealthiest cities in Bangladesh
PHYSICAL FEATURES OF BANGLADESH
Bangladesh has a coastline of 580 km.
Low-lying Bangladesh is frequently flooded and
affected by tropical storms.
With few natural resources, the country depends
on agriculture, with over 40 per-cent of the
population working in this primary industry.
It is densely populated.
Small hilly region with tributaries that occupy
79% of the country.
Has a tropical climate.
POPULATION BACKGROUND
Bangladesh is the eighth-most
populated country in the world with almost 2.2%
of the world's population..
It has a population of 161 million.
It has around 1,300 people per km2.
The country has the highest density of
population in the present world (that means
more people live in a small area than anywhere
else)
Its population is equally spread throughout the
country.
In 1971, when Bangladesh achieved
independence, its population was about 75
million and this has increased by more than
double within the past 42 years.
Population grows every year by 1.75 per cent a
year.
Considering an annual average growth rate of
1.75 per cent a year, Bangladesh's population
will be 350 million by 2055
With a high birth rate and a low death rate, as
shown in the graph below, the population growth
rate is around 1.75%. The result of this is over-
population because Bangladesh has more
people than its resources can support.
POPULATION DEMOGRAPHICS
Birth rate 17.71 births/1,000
population (2020 est.)[3]
Death rate 5.54 deaths/1,000
population (2020 est.)[3]
Life expecta 73.2 years (2023)[4]
ncy
• male 73.1 years
• female 75.4 years
Fertility rate 2.17 children born/woman
(2023) [5]
Infant 24.73 deaths/1,000 live births
mortality (2020 est.)[3]
rate
The current net migration rate for Bangladesh in 2024 is -
2.028 per 1000 population, a 1.79% decline from 2023.
CAUSES FOR OVERPOPULATION
What caused Bangladesh to be overpopulated?
Various economists, analysts and researchers have
identified the causes for
the population boom in the country:
• Illiteracy and ignorance (people can’t read and
write and can’t find out
about other ways of doing things)
• Climatic conditions. Cyclones and flooding results
in increase rural-to-urban migration (one of the
problems faced by Bangladesh due to overpopulation
)
• Physical reasons: Bangladesh has the world’s
best agricultural land. They prefer to have more
children for working in their farm.
• High poverty leads to a lower standard of living,
increasing the need of children to earn to improve
the economy.
• unemployment
• early marriage (meaning that girls often don’t go to
school to learn)
• polygamy (mean can marry more than one woman)
• superstition
• lack of family planning knowledge (condoms and
other contraception
methods not available)
OTHER PROBLEMS THAT BANGLADESH HAS TO DEAL WITH
Experts and geologists believe that the effects of
climate change will effect Bangladesh's
population,.
The country is losing cultivable land every year
due to industry, towns and cities expanding due
to increasing population .
The country is also very low down. Every time
that there is a typhoon (storm), most of the
country floods.
EFFECTS OF OVERPOPULATION
The main challenges the country will face include:
shortage of food
not enough fresh water for drinking water
pressures on the transport and traffic systems
high crime rates
spread of diseases
lack of health care
poor hygiene
noise pollution
increase in building houses together
deforestation in the Himalayas leading to
increased flooding
overcrowding and pollution in the capital, Dhaka
the increasing likelihood of stronger, more
devastating tropical storms
the cost of repairs from flooding and
tropical storms means less money is invested in
public services
SOLUTIONS:
Introducing birth control and use of
contraceptives.
Encouraging family planning
Increase in education and literacy rates
especially in women
Benefits to those who are staying within the
suggested limit in terms of number of children
Controlling movement of population
Improve awareness about problems related to
high population growth
Aiding those effected by natural disasters
Creating awareness about spread of diseases
Bibliography:
https://uploads-ssl.webflow.com/
https://www.geographypods.com/uploads/7/6/2/2/7622863/bangladesh.pdf
https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/countries/bangladesh/
https://www.internetgeography.net/igcse-geography/population-and-settlement-igcse-
geography/
