PM SHRI KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA NO.
6
POKHARIPUT, BHUBANESWAR
PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY PROJECT
FULL WAVE RECTIFIER
2024-25
NAME : BANSIKA PATTA
CLASS: 12TH
ROLL NO: 05
GUIDED BY: MR. MANABHANJAN MOHANTY
PGT, PHYSICS
INDEX
1. Certificate
2. Acknowledgement
3. Declaration
4. Aim
5. Introduction
6. Materials Required
7. Circuit Diagram
8. Working
9. Bibliography
PRINCIPAL CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Bansika Patta, a student of Class
XII (Science stream), of Kendriya Vidyalaya No.6
Pokhariput, Bhubaneswar has work hard completed the
project during the academic year 2024-2025
towards the Physics project on the topic Full Wave
Rectifier and submitted satisfactory report, as compiled
in the following pages, under my supervision.
This piece of work is original to the best of my
knowledge and belief which is being carried under the
guidance of Mr. Manabhanjan Mohanty, PGT Physics.
Principal
Kendriya Vidyalaya No.6
Pokhariput, Bhubaneswar
ACKNOWLEGEMENT
The completion of any project is not complete without
thanking the people behind the venture & this project is
no exception. I take this opportunity to
express myprofound gratitude and deep regards to my
Physics teacher Mr. Manabhanjan Mohanty, PGT
Physics for his exemplary guidance,monitoring
and constant encouragement throughout thecourse of
this thesis. The blessing, help and guidancegiven by his
time to time shall carry me a long way in the journey of
life on which I am about to embark.
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project work entitled
“FULL WAVE RECTIFIER”, is a record of an original
work done by me under the guidance of
Mr. Manabhanjan Mohanty PGT Physics, of Kendriya
Vidyalaya no.6 Pokhariput Bhubansewar
and this project work is submitted in the partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the investigatory Physics Project.
Bansika Patta
AIM
To construct a full wave rectifierand
show that that Alternating Current is
rectified into a Direct Current
INTRODUCTION
A full wave rectifier is a device which is used to
rectify all thealternating current components in an
alternating supply and make it purely a direct
current. The two alternating halves of an
alternation current are rectified in a full wave
rectifierwhich is an advantage over a half wave
rectifier. Mostelectronic devices cannot withstand
very high voltage or alternatingcurrent due to its
intense high power. The use of batteries
in all devices is not practical as their replacement
and durability is a huge problem as the device has
to be dismantled each time forsuch a replacement.
So these rectifiers are used in most of the
electronic devices like TV’s, Radios, Chargers,
and Lightings etc.
MATERIALS REQUIRE
Connecting wires
A plug
Single lead wire - 2m
3 nuts & Bolts 2 to 3cm length
Circuit board
A Transformer
A capacitor
A Resistor (1 KΩ)
P-N junction diodes
A LED
Insulation tape, Blades, soldering wax,soldering lead,
soldering iron &sand paper.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Connection Details:
Connections are done as in the circuit. The A.C. supply is
given to both the input wires of the transformer and the
two ends of the secondary coil is given to the P side of
the two diodes and the N side of the diodes are twined
and then connected to one end of the capacitor and the
other end to the centre tap lead and to the resistor.
Further, the other end of capacitor with the diode
connect ion is connected to the other end of the resistor.
Connect 2 leads on both the ends of the resistor to
measure the output and this is connected to the +ve & -ve
terminals of the bulb.
WORKING
1st when the A.C. is supplied to the transformer, it steps down the
230V mainsupply to 6 volts. It has a capability of delivering acurrent of
500mA. The 6 volts A.C. appearingacross the secondary is the RMS
value and the peak value is 8.4 volts. During the 1st half cycle of the
A.C. input Diode D1 is forward biased and acurrent ‘I’ flows in the
circuit in the direction S1D1ABEOS1. During this time diode D2 is
reverse biased. So it does not conduct anyelectric current. During the
next half cycle the diode D2 is forward and D1 is reversed. Hence
D2 conducts current in the direction S2D2ABEOS2 and D1does not
conduct any current.In subsequent half cycles of the A.C
current the above processes are repeated. In both the half cycles it is
clear that current flows through theresistor in only one direction ABE.
Even though thevoltage across RL is unidirectional it will stillcontain a
few A.C components. This is filtered and made smooth using a
capacitor, whichfilters 99% of the A.C current. A resistor is thenused
to adjust the output voltage. Capacitor also nearly filters all A.C
components from thesupply and resistance is adjusted for the
required output. As this is a simple circuit,only one capacitor and a
resistance are beingused. But there will be slight factor of A.C.current
still left in the output but it isnegligible. The output Direct Current and
voltage light up the LED.
RECTIFIED D.C. VOLTAGE
BIBLIOGRAP
Physics (Part I) Textbook for Class XII;
NationalCouncil of Educational Research
and Training.
Laboratory Manual of Physics.
Google
Wikipedia
Ncert.nic.in
