Cancer
UNCONTROLLED CELL DIVISION
Overview
The uncontrolled division of cell called
cancer.
Cancer cells can be distinguished form
normal cells because they are less
differentiated from normal cells.
They exhibit the characteristics of rapidly
growing cells. High nucleus to cytoplasm
ratio. Prominent nucleoli and many mitosis.
Causes of cancer
Cancer is caused due to following reasons:
Mutations
Environmental Factors such as:
Tobacco use
Ultraviolet radiations
Air Pollution
Chemical exposure
Types of Cancer or Tumor
There are two basic types of cancer:
Benign Tumor
Malignant Tumor
Benign Tumor: Some Tumors are of small sized and localized (not
transferred to other parts ) called Benign Tumor. The cells in this type usually
behave like normal cells and have little deleterious effects.
Malignant Tumor: These cells divide more rapidly, mostly invade
surroundings tissues, get into the body’s circulatory system, and set up areas of
proliferation, away from their site of original appearance.
Effects of cancer:
What is metastasis?
The
spread of tumor cells and establishment of
secondary areas of growth is called metastasis.
Treatment of cancer:
Curative surgery: Remove the tumor and surrounding
tissues to cure the cancer.
Radiation Therapy: Uses high-energy rays to kill cancers
from outside the body.
