M 103 SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS

Standard Specification for

Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application

AASHTO DESIGNATION: M 103/M 103M-93

(ASTM DESIGNATION: A 27/A 27M-91)

1. SCOPE for General Application and 5.2 Furnace temperatures for heattreating
Cobalt Alloy for High shall be regulated by the use of
Strength at Elevated pyrometers.
1.1 This specification covers carbon steel Temperatures
castings for general applications that
require up to 70 ksi [485 MPa] minimum A 781/A 781M Castings, Steel and 6. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
tensile strength. Alloy, Common
Requirements, for General
NOTE-The grades covered by this specifi- Industrial Use 6.1 The steel shall conform to the
cation represent materials that are suitable for requirements as to chemical composition
assembly with other steel castings or wrought prescribed in Table 1. Product analysis
steel parts by fusion welding. It is not intended 3. GENERAL CONDITIONS FOR tolerances shall conform to the Product
to imply that all these grades possess the same DELIVERY
degree of weldability or that the same welding Analysis Tolerances shown in ASTM A
techniques can be used on all castings. It is the 781/A 781M. When residual element
responsibility of the purchaser to establish for 3.1 Material furnished to this chemical content is of interest to the
himself a suitable welding technique. specification shall conform to the purchaser, S54 may be considered.
1.2 Several grades and two classes of applicable requirements of ASTM A
steel castings are covered, as indicated 781/A 781M, including the 7. TENSILE PROPERTIES
below. The grade and class desired shall supplementary requirements that are
be specified by the purchaser. indicated on the purchase order.
7.1 Except for Grades N-1 and N-2, one
1.2.1 Grade N-1-Chemical analysis tension test shall be performed on each
only. 4. ORDERING INFORMATION heat and the mechanical properties thus
1.2.2 Grade N-2-Heat-treated but not determined shall conform to the
mechanically tested. 4.1 Orders for material under this requirements specified in Table 2. The
1.2.3 Grade U-60-30 [415-205]- specification should include the tension test shall be performed in
Mechanically tested but not heat-treated. following information in proper accordance with T 244.
1.2.4 Grades 60-30 [415-205], 6535 sequence. 7.2 Test bars shall be poured in special
[450-240], 70-36 [485-250], and 7040 4.1.1 Quantity, blocks similar to those shown in Figure 1
[485-275]-Heat treated and mechanically of ASTM A 781/A 781M and from the
4.1.2 Specification, grade (1.2), and same heat as the casting represented.
tested. class (9.2),
1.2.5 Class 1 and Class 2 steel castings 7.3 Test coupons may be cut from the
4.1.3 Description of the casting by heat-treated (if required) castings or cast
shall be specified in accordance with pattern number or drawing,
Section 9.2. integrally with the castings at the
4.1.4 Options in the specification, and producer's option.
1.3 The values stated in either inchpound
units or SI units are to be regarded 4.1.5 Supplementary requirements 7.4 The test bars for heat-treated castings
separately as the standard. Within the desired, including standards of shall be heat-treated in production
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. acceptance. furnaces to the same procedure as the
The values stated in each system are not castings they represent. When specified
exact equivalents; therefore, each system by the purchaser, the test bars shall be
5. HEAT TREATMENT
must be used independently of the other. heat-treated with the castings.
Combining values from the two systems 7.5 Test specimens shall be machined to
may result in nonconformance with the 5.1 All castings of Grades N-2, 6030 the form and dimensions shown in Figure
specification. Inch-pound units are appli- [415-205], 65-35 [450-240], 70-36 [485- 6 of T 244.
cable for material ordered to M 103 and 250], and 70-40 [485-275] shall be heat-
7.6 If any specimen is machined
SI units for material ordered to M 103M. treated by full annealing, normalizing,
improperly or if flaws are revealed by
normalizing and tempering, or quenching
machining or during testing, the
and tempering. Unless otherwise speci-
specimen may be discarded and another
2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS fied in the inquiry, contract, or order, the
substituted from the same heat.
castings may be heat-treated by any one
or combination of these heat-treatments 7.7 When this specification is applied to
2.1 AASHTO Standards: investment castings, test coupons and
at the option of the manufacturer.
T 244 Methods and Definitions for tension test specimens shall be obtained
Mechanical Testing of Steel 5.1.1 Heat-treatment shall be
and prepared as directed in S3.2 of
Products performed after castings have been
ASTM A 732/A 732M. Test coupons
allowed to cool from the pouring
2.2 ASTM Standards: shall be heat treated as prescribed in
temperatures to below the transformation
Section 7.4.
A 732/A 732M Castings, Investment, range.
Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel,

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M 103 SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS

TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements 8. RETESTS

Composition, %
Carbon,B Manganese,B Silicon, Sulfur, Phosphorus, 8.1 If the results of the mechanical tests
GradeA
Max Max Max Max Max for any heat, lot, or casting do not
Grade N-1 0.25 0.75 0.80 0.06 0.05 conform to the requirements specified,
Grade N-2 0.35 0.60 0.80 0.06 0.05 retests are permitted as outlined in T 244.
Grade U-60-30 [415-205] 0.25 0.75 0.80 0.06 0.05 At the manufacturer's option, castings
Grade 60-30 [415-205] 0.30 0.60 0.80 0.06 0.05 may be reheat-treated and retested. When
Grade 65-35 [450-240] 0.30 0.70 0.80 0.06 0.05 castings are reheat-treated, they may not
Grade 70-36 [485-250] 0.35 0.70 0.80 0.06 0.05
be reaustenitized more than 3 times
Grade 70-40 [485-275] 0.25 1.20 0.80 0.06 0.05
without the approval of the purchaser.
A
Specify Class I or Class 2 in addition to grade designation (see Section 9.2).
B
For each reduction of 0.01 percent carbon below the maximum specified, an increase of 0.04 Testing after reheat treatment shall
percent manganese above the maximum specified will be permitted to a maximum of 1.40 percent consist of the full number of specimens
for Grade 70-40 [485-275] and 1.00 percent for the other grade. taken from locations complying with the
specification or order.

9. REWORK AND
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements RETREATMENT

Tensile Elongation in 2
Yield Point, Reduction of 9.1 All welds shall be inspected to the
GradeA Strength, Min, in. [50 mm],
Min, ksi [MPa] Area, Min, %
ksi [MPa] Min, % B
same quality standards as were used to
Grade U-60-30 [415-205] 60 [415] 30 [205] 22 30 inspect the casting.
Grade 60-30 (415-2051 60 [415] 30 [205] 24 35 9.2 If postweld heat-treatment is
Grade 65-35 [450-240] 65 [450] 35 [240] 24 35
required, Class 1 must be specified along
Grade 70-36 [485-250] 70 [485] 36 [250] 22 30
Grade 70-40 [485-275]` 70 [485] 40 (275] 22 30
with the grade, and the welds to be
A
Specify Class I or Class 2 in addition to grade designation (see Section 9.2). heattreated must be defined. If postweld
B
When ICI test bars are used in tensile testing as provided for in this specification, the gage length heattreatment is not required, Class 2
to reduced section diameter ratio shall be 4 to l. must be specified along with the grade.
C
Grade 70-40 [485-2751 may be used to meet the requirement of Grade 70-36 [485-2501, when
agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

SUPPLEMENTARY
REQUIREMENTS
TABLE 3 Normally Expected Deviation of Linear Casting Dimensions from Design
Dimensions A list of standardized supplementary
requirements for use at the option of the
Blueprint Dimension, in. [mml Tolerances, in. [mm]
Up to 3 [75], loci + 4/32 [3] - 3/32 [2]
purchaser is described in ASTM A 781/
Over 3 to 7 [75 to 175], incl + 5/32 [4] - 4/32 [3] A 781M. Those which are considered
Over 7 to 20 [175 to 500], incl + 6/32 [5] - 5/32 [4] suitable for use with this specification are
Over 20 to 100 [500 to 2500], incl + 8/32 [6] - 6/32 [5] listed below by title only. Additional
supplementary requirements suitable for
use with this specification at the option
of the purchaser are described below.
One or more of the supplementary
TABLE 4 Gate and Riser Projection Tolerances requirements indicated below may be
included in the purchaser's order or
Riser or Gate Maximum Dimension, in. Maximum Projection, in. Maximum Depression, in.
contract. When so included, a
[mm] [mm] [mm]
Up to 4 [100], incl ⅛ [3] ⅛ [3] supplementary requirement shall have
Over 4 to 8 (100 to 200], incl ¼ [6] ⅛ [3] the same force as if it were in the body of
Over 8 to 20 [200 to 500], incl ⅜ [10] ⅛ [3] the specification. Supplementary
Over 20 to 30 [500 to 750), incl ½ [13] ¼ [6] requirements details not fully described
Over 30 [750] ¾ [19] ¼ [6] shall be agreed upon between the
purchaser and the supplier, but shall not
negate any of the requirements in the
body of the specification.
TABLE 5 Allowable DeviationA from Average Casting Weight
S1. MAGNETIC PARTICLE
Casting Weight, lb [kg] Positive Deviation, % Negative Deviation,% EXAMINATION
Up to 100 [45], incl 8.0 8.0
Over 100 to 500 [45 to 230], incl 6.5 5.0
Over 500 to 10000 [230 to 45401, incl 5.0 3.0 S2. RADIOGRAPHIC
Over 10000 [4540] 3.0 2.5 EXAMINATION
A
Deviations do not apply to mass as calculated from a design drawing.
S3. LIQUID PENETRANT
EXAMINATION
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M 103 SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS

S4. ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION accordance with Table 3. Metal match S53. WEIGHT DEVIATION FOR
plate patterns and precise molding CASTINGS MADE FROM
methods can produce closer tolerances MOUNTED PATTERNS
S6. CERTIFICATION than the values shown in Table 3.
Complex casting designs may require
different permissible variations than S53.1 The allowable deviations from
S8. MARKING the average casting weight are shown in
those listed in Table 3.
Table 5.
S51.1.1 The term "commercial castings"
S9. CHARPY IMPACT TEST 510.
does not cover castings requiring special
HARDNESS TEST S12. TEST
fixtures for gaging, or finishing castings S54. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS FOR
REPORT
by grinding to special tolerance gages RESIDUAL ELEMENTS
beyond the normal requirements as listed
S13. UNSPECIFIED ELEMENTS in Table 3.
S54.1 The manufacturer shall determine
the percentage of elements specified as
S14. TENSION TEST FROM S52. GATE AND RISER PROJEC- follows, using procedures specified in
CASTINGS TIONS FOR CASTINGS MADE ASTM A 781/A 781M. The chemical
FROM MOUNTED PATTERNS analysis thus determined shall conform to
the following requirements:
S51. PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS
IN DIMENSIONAL TOLERAN- S52.1 Castings shall have gates and
CES FOR CASTINGS MADE risers removed in such a manner that no Copper, max, percent ................................. 0.50
FROM MOUNTED PATTERNS riser or gate stub projects or a depression Nickel, max, percent .................................. 0.50
Molybdenum, max, percent ....................... 0.25
is made beyond or below the casting
Chromium. max, percent ........................... 0.50
design contour in an amount that would
S51.1 Tolerances for commercial steel exceed the values given in Table 4.
castings (Section S51.1.1) made from S54.2 Total content of these residual
mounted patterns and the surfaces that elements, maximum percent 1.00.
are not to be machined shall be in

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