NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING
COLLEGE OF GEOLOGICAL, MINING AND
METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING
METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING PROGRAM
ME322 SOLIDIFICATION
I. GENERAL INFORMATION
CODE : ME322 Solidification
SEMESTER : 6
CREDITS : 4
HOURS PER WEEK : 6 (Theory, Practice, Laboratory)
PREREQUISITES : ME311 Metallurgic Physics-Chemistry
CONDITION : Compulsory
DEPARTMENT : Metallurgical Engineering
II. LEARNING UNITS
1. HEAT TRANSFER IN SOLIDIFICATION
Heat transfer mechanisms. Fourier law and thermal conductivity. Fusion and growing of a simple
metal. Solidification of pieces and ingots. Sand models and metallic molds. Continuous casting.
2. METAL SOLIDIFICATION
Nucleation: homogeneous, heterogeneous and dynamic. Growing: pure metals and alloys.
Overcooling. Central feed resistance CFR. Variables affecting solidification speed. Phenomena
produced during solidification.
3. TENSION-DEFORMATION RELATIONS DURING SOLIDIFICATION
Tension-deformation relations as function of temperature. In-heat cracking. Cracking, residual
stress and stress relief. Measurement of residual stress. Relationship between in-heat cracking
and residual stress.
4. METAL FLUIDITY
Measurement of fluidity. Fluidity spiral. Fluidity typical curves. Effect of chemical composition.
Application of fluidity data to casting problems.
5. GASES IN METALS
Gases in metals: hydrogen and nitrogen. Complex gases in steel. Complex gases in cupper.
Vacuum casting. Inclusions and inoculations.
6. RISER DESIGN AND FEEDING SYSTEM DESIGN
Contractions in castings. Riser design methods: M.Caine, M.Bishop, M.Modules. Types of risers.
Directional solidification. Methods for solidification control. Design of feeding system. Continuity
law / Bernoulli equation. Types of feeding systems: vertical, horizontal, from bottom. Sources.
Casting channel. Effective height of filling. Pressurized systems / Non-pressurized systems.
Defects in castings.
III. LABORATORY
Laboratory 1. Fineness index of casting sands
Laboratory 2. Analysis of different types of clays (sand, clay, water)
Laboratory 3. Solidification testing (fusion and casting of zinc pieces in different molds)
Laboratory 4. Fluidity testing (molding, fusion and aluminum casting)
Laboratory 5. Riser design and feeder design for a copper or aluminum piece.
