SHS
DISASTER READINESS AND
RISK REDUCTION
Quarter 2 – Week 5
Module 5- Basic Response Procedures During Fire Incident
DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION
Grade 11/12 Quarter 2 - Module 5- Basic Response Procedures During Fire
Incident
First Edition, 2020
Copyright © 2020
La Union Schools Division
Region I
All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form without
written permission from the copyright owners.
Development Team of the Module
Author: JULIET C. BADUYA
Editor: SDO La Union, Learning Resource Quality Assurance Team
Illustrator: Ernesto F. Ramos Jr., P II
Management Team:
Atty. Donato D. Balderas, Jr.
Schools Division Superintendent
Vivian Luz S. Pagatpatan, Ph.D.
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
German E. Flora, Ph.D., CID Chief
Virgilio C. Boado, Ph.D., EPS in Charge of LRMS
Rominel S. Sobremonte, Ed.D., EPS in Charge of Science
Michael Jason D. Morales, PDO II
Claire P. Toluyen, Librarian II
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DISASTER READINESS AND
RISK REDUCTION
Quarter 2 – Week 5
Module 5- Basic Response
Procedures During Fire
Incident
Target
The most common workplace emergency is fire. The best way to prevent
injuries and deaths from fires is to prevent fires in the first place.
According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), more than
75,000 workplace fires and related explosions occur each year.
All companies should create a basic fire prevention plan for fire safety, which
includes a list of the major workplace fire hazards and proper handling and storage
procedures for those materials. The plan should also cover potential ignition sources,
such as welding and smoking and related control procedures, as well as discuss the
type of fire protection equipment or systems which can control a fire. The fire
prevention plan must include the names and/or regular job titles of those personnel
responsible for maintenance of fire systems and those personnel responsible for
control of fuel source hazards.
Dangers of fire include heat, smoke, and toxic gases which all present some very
nasty consequences for the personal welfare and life safety of individuals exposed to
fire.
Fire safety can include engineered controls, like fire sprinklers, fire alarms, and
smoke detectors are mandatory for many modern structures and likely exist where
you work. https://vividlearningsystems.com/courses/osha/emergency-and-fire-
preparedness
In your previous lessons, I believe that you have already studied about fire triangle
to the precautionary measures needed to prevent incidences of fire.
This module will provide you with information and activities that will help you
understand the Basic Response Procedures to Fires and Follow fire emergency and
evacuation plans.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Apply basic response procedures during a fire incident (DRR11/12-IIe-f-40)
2. Follow fire emergency and evacuation plans (DRR11/12-IIe-f-41)
Before going on, try to check how much you know about this topic.
Answer the pre-test on the next page in a separate sheet of paper.
4
Jumpstart
For you to understand the lesson well, do the following activities.
Have fun and good luck!
Activity 1.Your phase sounds familiar!
Directions: Read the group of words again and again to come up with the correct
answer of which phases of fire is being described?
Example: What is the hottest phase of fire?
“Poly day bee loop “
Answer: Fully developed.
1. First stage: heat, oxygen, and fuel source combine and have a chemical reaction
(fire triangle is complete), what is it?
“Egg knee soon”.
2. What do you call the phases of fire is when all fuels have been ignited and
burning?
“Pool lay the bell loaf”
3. It happens when there is an expansion of fire, depletion of oxygen supply, and
increase in temperature. What phases of fire is this?
“Groh oath”
4. What is the longest stage of a fire?
“Day key”
5. It is also known as incipient, what is it?
“Age nine shown”.
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Activity 2. I SAW THE SIGNS!
Directions: Draw and name at least 5 fire emergency signs that you know.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Discover
The phases of fire:
I. Ignition – First stage: heat, oxygen, and fuel source combine and have a chemical
reaction (firetriangle is complete)
A. Also known as incipient
B. 2 types: Piloted ignition and auto ignition
C. Piloted ignition – fuel + oxygen + external heat source (spark)
D. Auto ignition – combustion by heat without spark or flame
E. Smoke and heat is produced.
F. Oxygen supply = 21%
G. Does not have high temperatures
H. Breathing is barely affected.
II. Growth – Expansion of fire, depletion of oxygen supply, and increase in
temperature
A. Also known as free burning phase
B. Oxygen supply is less than 21%
C. Temperatures reach between 640° to 870°
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D. Factors that affect the growth of fire: (1) fuel load, (2) fuel type, (3) orientation of
fuel relative
to fire, (4) available oxygen, (5) ceiling height, (6) potential for thermal layering
E. Fire influences the environment and is influenced by the environment.
F. High levels of carbon monoxide.
G. Breathing becomes difficult.
H. Highly dangerous flashovers may occur anytime.
III. Fully Developed – All fuels have been ignited and burning.
A. Hottest phase of a fire
B. Fire is now dependent on the amount of oxygen.
C. Spread of flammable gases within the area
D. Oxygen supply < 16%
E. Too much carbon monoxide is present
IV. Decay – Fire starts to diminish as fuel and/or oxygen is consumed
A. Also known as smoldering phase
B. Usually the longest stage of a fire
C. Characterized by significant decrease in oxygen and fuel
D. Backdraft could potentially occur.
1. Before an actual fire incident occurs, there are some information that people
need to know.
I. Emergency contact numbers specially the nearest fire station
II. Exit points
III. Location of fire hose and fire extinguishers
IV. Proper use of fire hose and fire extinguishers
V. Proper precautionary measures (e.g. proper storage of combustibles, fuels, etc.)
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Basic Response Procedures:
1. If inside a burning area
A. Once you hear the fire alarm, evacuate to a safe area right away.
B. If you see fires, pull fire alarms as you exit the area. Inform other people present
in the area of the fire that is occurring.
C. If the fire is still small and can be extinguished, use an appropriate fire
extinguisher (recall the different classes of fire). Usually, normal fire extinguishers
do the job, but if unavailable, buckets of water or damp cloths would do.
Note: One should only fight a fire if the fire department has been notified, the
fire is small, fire is confined to its point of origin, an escape route is available,
and one can fight the fire with their back to the exit.
D. If the fire is already large and is rapidly spreading (growth phase), immediately
find the nearest exit and exit the area.
E. Touch doors first to check if they are warm before opening them. If they are warm,
do not attempt to open and proceed to a different route.
F. Use the stairs not elevators.
G. Close all windows and doors that you can reach as you exit.
H. If there is smoke, stay as low as possible. Also, try to cover your nose to prevent
inhalation.
I. Once outside, move away from the exits and assemble in a safe area designated by
the evacuation plan of the area or by emergency response teams.
2. If outside a burning area
A. Do not attempt to go inside the burning area.
B. Immediately contact the nearest fire station and other emergency response
numbers.
C. Listen and follow orders of the emergency response teams.
D. Organize/Participate in a bucket relay. Bucket relay is when people help the fire
fighters by
passing buckets full of water either to try to extinguish the fire or to prevent the fire
from further spreading.
3. If you catch fire, do the “stop, drop, and roll” right away.
4. If you are unable to leave the area unscathed or you have suffered burns,
immediately attend to them depending on the degree of burn.
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Type of burns:
1. First degree – skin is red
• “Cool a burn” = Hold burn under running cool tap water
2. Second degree – skin is red and blistery
• “Cool a burn” and see a doctor if the burn is large or blisters are damaged.
3. Third degree – skin is gray, dry, and with no feeling.
• Don’t remove clothing from burn area.
THE R.A.C.E. ACRONYM AND FIRE EXTINGUISHER USE
If you are involved in a fire, remember R.A.C.E. to help you respond safely and
correctly:
R = RESCUE anyone in immediate danger from the fire, if it does not endanger your
life
A = ALARM: sound the alarm by calling “2600” (oncampus locations only) and
activating a pull station alarm box
C = CONFINE the fire by closing all doors and windows
E = EXTINGUISH the fire with a fire extinguisher, or EVACUATE the area if the fire
is too large for a fire extinguisher.
PROPER USE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
(P.A.S.S.)
To use fire extinguishers correctly, remember the P.A.S.S. acronym:
P = PULL the pin on the fire extinguisher
A = AIM the extinguisher nozzle at the base of the fire
S = SQUEEZE or press the handle
S = SWEEP from side to side until the fire appears to be out
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Emergency symbols
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.interiorsandsources.com%2Farticle-
details%2Farticleid%2F3111%2Ftitle%2Fnew-signs-the-key-to-communicating-safety-in-
buildings&psig=AOvVaw3gCfbx3gK7VUXvFy41StiA&ust=1603966663088000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=
0CAIQjRxqFwoTCKi7nOCH1-wCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAS
10
EVACUATION PLAN
https://wcs.smartdraw.com/evacuation-plan/img/home-evacuation-plan.jpg?bn=1510011169
11
Explore
Here are some enrichment activities for you to work on to master and
strengthen the basic concepts you have learned from this lesson.
Activity 3: ACROGAME! (Acronym game)
Directions: Write the appropriate acronym according to the question asked. Try to
elaborate further.
1. If you are involved in a fire, what ACRONYM should you remember to help you
respond safely and correctly?
2. To use fire extinguisher, what is the ACRONYM to remember?
Activity 4: ACRONAME
Directions: Using the word SAFETY as an acronym, Use each letter to represent
word/s that is related to the lesson.
S-
A-
F-
E-
T-
Y-
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Activity 5: Do’s and Don'ts of Fire!
Directions: Put a check(/) mark if the statement is right and (X) mark if the statement
is wrong.
1. If inside a burning area, once you hear the fire alarm, evacuate to a safe area right
away.
2. If the fire is large and can be extinguished, use an appropriate fire extinguisher (recall
the different classes of fire). Usually, normal fire extinguishers do the job, but if
unavailable, buckets of water or damp cloths would do.
3. Use the elevators, not the stairs.
4. Open all windows and doors that you can reach as you exit.
5. If outside a burning area, do not attempt to go inside the burning area.
6. If there is smoke, stay as low as possible. Also, try to cover your nose to prevent
inhalation.
7. If you catch fire, do the “stop, drop, and roll” right away.
8. If you see fires, pull fire alarms as you exit the area. Inform other people present in
the area of fire that is occurring.
9. Touch doors first to check if they are warm before opening them. If they are warm,
do not attempt to open and proceed to a different route.
10. If you catch fire, run as fast as you can.
Great job! You have understood the lesson. Are you now ready to
summarize?
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Deepen
Activity 6: Amazing Architect!
Directions: Walk through your home and inspect all possible exits and escape routes
in case of fire and draw your own home evacuation plan.
Rubrics in Home Evacuation Plan
4 3 2 1 0
Home Home Home Home Learner did
evacuation evacuation evacuation evacuation not prepare
plan have plan have plan have plan have anything.
emergency emergency incomplete incomplete
symbols, symbols, emergency emergency
readable and readable, but symbols, symbols, not
with legends. no legends readable and readable and
provided. with legends no legends.
Activity 7: Apply it!
Directions: Read the situation and give your insights in three to five sentence
paragraphs.
Your neighbour’s house was being engulfed by fire, how are you going to deal with a
fire incident before, during and after a fire?
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Gauge
Multiple Choices
Directions: Read carefully each item. Use a separate sheet for your answers. Write
only the letter of the best answer for each item. Use a separate sheet of paper for
your answers.
1. What do you call the first stage of fire: heat, oxygen, and fuel source combine and
have a chemical reaction (fire triangle is complete)?
A. Decay B. Fully Developed C. Growth D. Ignition
2. What is the hottest phase of a fire?
A. Decay B. Fully Developed C. Growth D. Ignition
3. What do this sign mean?
A. Emergency exit (right) C. Run as fast as you can.
B. Emergency exit (left) D. Stop, drop and roll.
4. What phases of fire where fire starts to diminish as fuel and/or oxygen is
consumed?
A. Decay B. Fully Developed C. Growth D. Ignition
5. What are some information that people need to know before an actual fire incident
occurs, EXCEPT?
A. Emergency contact numbers specially the nearest fire station
B. Proper use of fire hose and fire extinguishers
C. Location of fire hose and fire extinguishers
D. Entry points.
6. Even there are no signs of a fire, you should respond to every fire alarm as if it
were real?
A. False B. True C. Maybe D. Probably
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7. What three things should you do if your clothes catch on fire?
A. Alarm, call and evacuate.
B. Scream, roll and run
C. Drop, cover and hold.
D. Stop, drop and roll.
8. Which of the following should you do if you are UNABLE to evacuate burning
place?
A. Open the doors and windows to let the smoke out.
B. Breathe through your mouth.
C. Pull the fire alarms.
D. Stay low under the smoke.
9. A portable fire extinguisher should only be used by trained employees?
A. False B. True
10. Which of the following is the acronym describing the correct sequence of using a
fire extinguisher?
A. PASS B. PULL C.PUSH D.RACE
11. Where should you aim a fire extinguisher nozzle when putting out a fire?
A. At the center of a fire. C. At the top of a fire
B. At the base of a fire. D. Away from the fire.
12. During a fire, when stairs are unavailable, is it okay to use the elevators when
exiting a building?
A. False B. True
13. What can you do to help prevent a fire at work?
A. Avoid using electrical equipment near flammable gases, vapour and
liquids.
B. Clutter your area with combustibles and paper.
C. Use electrical equipment near flammable gases.
D. Avoid cleaning any chemical spills.
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14. What is the most painful type of burn?
A. First degree C. Third degree
B. Second Degree D. All types of burn are painful
15. You and your family spent a fun at the beach but forgot to put your sunscreen.
Later that evening you notice a blister across your brother’s back and he got
sunburned. How will you classify the burns?
A. First degree B. Second Degree C. Third degree D. Fourth degree
Great job! You are almost done with this
module.
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18
Jumpstart
Activity 1
1. Ignition
2. Fully Developed
3. Growth
4. Decay
5. Ignition
Explore
Activity 3
1.
R = RESCUE anyone in immediate danger from the fire,
if it does not endanger your life
A = ALARM: sound the alarm by calling “2600”
(oncampus locations only) and activating a pull station
alarm box
C = CONFINE the fire by closing all doors and windows
E = EXTINGUISH the fire with a fire extinguisher, or
EVACUATE the area if the fire is too large for a fire
extinguisher.
2.
Gauge P = PULL the pin on the fire extinguisher
A = AIM the extinguisher nozzle at the base of the fire
1. D
S = SQUEEZE or press the handle
2. B S = SWEEP from side to side until the fire appears to be
out
3. A Activity 5
4. A 1. /
5. D 2. X
3. X
6. B
4. X
7. D
5. /
8. D
6. /
9. B 7. /
10.A 8. /
11.B 9. /
10. X
12.A
Answer Key
References
Websites
1. https://vividlearningsystems.com/courses/osha/emergency-and-fire-
preparedness
2. Phases of Fire prezi presentation by Phil Raume (https://prezi.com/
1xe96yltfdet/phases-of-fire/) Accessed on January 30, 2016.
3. The 4 Stages of a fire. Journey to Firefighter. (http://
journeytofirefighter.com/4-stages-of-a-fire/) Accessed on January 30,2016.
3. https://www.utoledo.edu/depts/safety/docs/Misc/Fire%20RACE%20PASS.pdf
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