Model of Human Occupation (MOHO)
MOHO is a top-down approach intended for children, adolescents, adults, and the
elderly population experiencing difficulty in their occupational life and is applicable
across a lifespan. It can be applied to diverse groups with chronic pain, children
with ADHD, patients with TBI, clients with dementia, patients living with AIDS, and
adolescents with mental illness.Occupation is assessed based on the three
components of volition, habituation, and performance capacity, within the
environmental context. Humans are conceptualized as being made up of three
interrelated components: volition, habituation, and performance capacity. Volition
refers to the motivation for occupation. Habituation refers to the process by which
occupation is organized into patterns or routines. And performance capacity refers
to the physical and mental abilities that underlie skilled occupational performance.
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Top-Down Approach
Top-Down Convertible
The Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) is a top-down approach. This is a holistic approach in which the therapist assesses a client’s functional
engagement, skills, and contexts in relation to their activities of daily living or occupations and then develops a treatment plan based on their ability to
participate in those occupations instead of looking at their deficits.
MOHO Related to the Person
Volition
Vole-ignition
Volition refers to the individual’s motivation for occupation. It happens in the cycle of anticipating what to do, when to do it, how to do it, and the
reaction to the experience.
Personal Causation
Personal Causeway
Causation refers to determining one’s strengths and weaknesses. It points out thoughts and feelings about an individual’s abilities to complete or
perform daily activities with effectiveness.
Values
Valuables
Values are one’s beliefs and commitments about what is right, important, and meaningful to perform. The principles, standards, and qualifications that
are part of the client, what motivates them to continue with certain actions and the essence of what thrives a person to complete a certain conduct is
what is called values.
Interests
Interests
Interests are developed through experiences of pleasure and gratification as a result of engagement in preferred occupations.
Habituation
Habitat-creation
Habituation refers to the process one organizes actions into routines and patterns. These patterns of actions are mandated by habits and roles, which
are the ones that shape an individual’s routines.
Habits
Habitat
Habits are learned ways of completing preferred occupations that are performed automatically. Habits operate hand in hand with context and
environment in order to complete familiar activities. Habits influence individual behaviors, routine actions, and time to perform daily activities.
Roles
Rolls
Roles are social and cultural norms that define one’s identity and provide responsibilities and obligations such as mother, father, student, worker, and
daughter.
Performance Capacity
Performing Capacity
Performance capacity refers to the physical and mental abilities that underlie skilled occupational performance. It is one’s mental and physical abilities
and how those abilities are put into practice and experienced in occupational performance. Performance capacity is the ability to complete
occupations based on the status of musculoskeletal, neurological, cardiopulmonary, and other systems that are necessary to complete any actions.
MOHO Related to the Environment
Physical Environment
Physics House
Physical environment refers to objects and spaces together consisting of a physical environment.
Social Environment
Social-book House
Social environment refers to both tasks and social groups.
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