no matter how serious, students as digital citizens need to know the law and how it applies to
them in particular.
7. DIGITAL RIGHTS AND
RESPONSIBILITIES
The online world has its regulations and a user has rights and responsibilities. The Internet can
also be used for harmful purposes and anyone needs protection against cyberbullying, for
instance. Schools should approach this subject in classrooms, hold students accountable for
their actions and also report any misconduct in the virtual environment.
8. DIGITAL HEALTH AND WELLNESS
Students should be taught to protect themselves and others from potential harm and ask for
help if they need it. Making use of online resources is a plus, but everyone should be aware of
the dangers as well.9. DIGITAL SECURITY
Security in the online world is important. When using devices at school or at home, students
should be aware of potential malware attacks. Teachers should explain how to prevent them
from happening and how to protect their devices as much as possible.
5 Things to teach to develop cybersavvy students
• Always have an up-to-date antivirus
• Never use weak password
- create complex and unique passwords for each account.
- frequently change your password
- use a 2-factor authentication application
• Be cautious with free Wi-Fi
• Learn how to identify potential scams (phishing)
• Report any problems related to cybersecurity.
- Cybercrime is still crime, no matter if it happens online.
MODULE 12: Learning to be a better student
Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the student shall be able to:
1. Understand the theoretical underpinnings for how to manage and care for different
aspects of the self.
2. Acquire and hone of new skills andlearnings for better managing of one’s self and
behavior.
3. Apply these new skills to one’s self andbetter functioning for a better quality of life.
Sometimes, studying is not enough to become excellent in school. Attitude towards what you
are doing affects your performance as well. Every student can do better or even the best, if only
they practice a helpful and healthy routine that would lead them towards success.
Some students seem to breeze through their school years, whereas others struggle, putting
them at risk for getting lost in our educational system and not reaching their full potential.
Parents and teachers want to help students succeed, but there is little guidance on which
learning techniques are the most effective for improving educational outcomes. This leads
students to implement studying strategies that are often ineffective, resulting in minimal gains
in performance. What then are the best strategies to help struggling students learn?
Fortunately for students, parents, and teachers, psychological scientists have developed and
evaluated the effectiveness of a wide range of learning techniques meant to enhance academic
performance. In this report, Dunlosky (Kent State University), Rawson (Kent State University),
Marsh (Duke University), Nathan (University of
Wisconsin–Madison), and Willingham (University of Virginia) review the effectiveness of 10
commonly used learning techniques.
1. Practice testing
The most effective strategy according to Dunlosky’s research is practice testing. It consists of
studying and reviewing by answering questions and actively bringing information back to mind.
When this is done, information is reconsolidated, new connections are created, and memory
and understanding are strengthened. When reviewing topics in class, teachers should always
include low-stake quizzes. These can be of various types, as long as they demand active
retrieval. Immediate feedback should be provided.
2. Distributed practice
Distributed practice is basically the opposite of cramming. Research consistently shows that
studying small chunks of content spread out over time is more effective than studying long
blocks of the same topic only once. To use it successfully, students should start preparing way
ahead of their exam dates and organise their time with a calendar. In the classroom, teachers
should review not only the previous lesson but also lessons from much earlier.
3. Interleaved practice
Interleaving is the strategy of mixing up the order of questions across different topics. Research
reveals this technique to be particularly effective in when teaching Math and parts of the
Science content. Commonly, students learn strategy A and solve a series of problems that
demand strategy A, and then do the same with strategy B. Interleaving would be to learn
strategy A and strategy B, and solve problems that can demand one or the other in a pseudo-
random order. This way, students need to figure out the right strategy from the problem itself,
which leads to a deeper understanding of the topic and better preparation for exams. 4.
Elaborative interrogation
This strategy involves asking and answering Why and How questions. That is, thinking about a
subject in more depth and detail, which strengthens connections in
the brain.
