Name……………………………………

CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN (conditional

sentences)
*Công thức:
Câu điều kiện loại 0

 Công thức 1 (cơ bản):

If + S + V (hiện tại đơn), S + V (hiện tại đơn)
Ví dụ: If you heat ice, it melts.
 Công thức 2 (đảo ngữ):
Should + S + V (nguyên thể), S + V (hiện tại đơn)
Ví dụ: Should you heat ice, it melts.

Câu điều kiện loại 1

 Công thức 1 (cơ bản):

If + S + V (hiện tại đơn), S + will + V (nguyên thể)
Ví dụ: If it rains, I will stay at home.
 Công thức 2 (phủ định):
If + S + don’t/doesn’t + V (nguyên thể), S + won’t + V (nguyên thể)
Ví dụ: If you don’t study, you won’t pass the exam.
 Công thức 3 (đảo ngữ khẳng định):
Should + S + V (nguyên thể), S + will + V (nguyên thể)
Ví dụ: Should it rain, I will stay at home.
 Công thức 4 (đảo ngữ phủ định):
Shouldn’t + S + V (nguyên thể), S + won’t + V (nguyên thể)
Ví dụ: Shouldn’t he arrive soon, we won’t wait.
 Công thức 5 (đổi mệnh đề chính và điều kiện):
S + will + V (nguyên thể) + if + S + V (hiện tại đơn)
Ví dụ: I will stay at home if it rains.

Câu điều kiện loại 2

 Công thức 1 (cơ bản):

If + S + V (quá khứ đơn), S + would + V (nguyên thể)
Ví dụ: If I were you, I would accept the offer.
  Công thức 2 (phủ định):
If + S + didn’t + V (nguyên thể), S + wouldn’t + V (nguyên thể)
Ví dụ: If he didn’t work so hard, he wouldn’t be tired.
 Công thức 3 (đảo ngữ khẳng định):
Were + S + to + V (nguyên thể), S + would + V (nguyên thể)
Ví dụ: Were I you, I would take the job.
 Công thức 4 (đảo ngữ phủ định):
Were + S + not to + V (nguyên thể), S + wouldn’t + V (nguyên thể)
Ví dụ: Were he not to study hard, he wouldn’t succeed.
 Công thức 5 (đổi mệnh đề chính và điều kiện):
S + would + V (nguyên thể) + if + S + V (quá khứ đơn)
Ví dụ: I would help you if I had time.

Câu điều kiện loại 3

 Công thức 1 (cơ bản):

If + S + had + V3/ed, S + would have + V3/ed
Ví dụ: If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.
 Công thức 2 (phủ định):
If + S + hadn’t + V3/ed, S + wouldn’t have + V3/ed
Ví dụ: If they hadn’t arrived late, they wouldn’t have missed the show.
 Công thức 3 (đảo ngữ khẳng định):
Had + S + V3/ed, S + would have + V3/ed
Ví dụ: Had I known the truth, I would have told you.
 Công thức 4 (đảo ngữ phủ định):
Had + S + not + V3/ed, S + wouldn’t have + V3/ed
Ví dụ: Had she not missed the bus, she wouldn’t have been late.
 Công thức 5 (đổi mệnh đề chính và điều kiện):
S + would have + V3/ed + if + S + had + V3/ed
Ví dụ: I would have helped you if you had asked.

Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp

Hỗn hợp loại 3 + 2

1. Cơ bản:
If + S + had + V3/ed, S + would + V (nguyên thể)
Ví dụ: If he had studied medicine, he would be a doctor now.
2. Đảo ngữ:
Had + S + V3/ed, S + would + V (nguyên thể)
Ví dụ: Had he studied medicine, he would be a doctor now.
Hỗn hợp loại 2 + 3

1. Cơ bản:
If + S + V (quá khứ đơn), S + would have + V3/ed
Ví dụ: If I were smarter, I would have solved that problem.
2. Đảo ngữ:
Were + S + to + V (nguyên thể), S + would have + V3/ed
Ví dụ: Were I smarter, I would have solved that problem.

 Bài tập

I. Trắc nghiệm (50 câu)

1. If you ____(heat) ice, it ____(melt).

A. heat / melts
B. heat / melted
C. heated / melts
D. heated / melted
2. Should the sun ____(rise), the sky ____(become) bright.
A. rises / becomes
B. rise / becomes
C. rises / become
D. rise / become
3. If she ____(study) hard, she ____(pass) the exam.
A. studied / passed
B. studies / will pass
C. studies / passes
D. study / pass
4. Were I ____(you), I ____(accept) the job offer.
A. was / accepted
B. were / would accept
C. were / accept
D. was / accept
5. If they ____(had arrived) earlier, they ____(would have caught) the train.
A. had arrived / would catch
B. arrive / will catch
C. had arrived / would have caught
D. arrived / caught
6. If the weather ____(be) good yesterday, we ____(wouldn't have canceled) the trip.
A. is / wouldn’t have canceled
B. were / wouldn’t have canceled
C. was / wouldn’t have canceled
D. had been / wouldn’t have canceled
7. Should she ____(call) you, please ____(let) me know.
A. calls / let
B. call / let
C. called / letting
D. calling / let
8. If I ____(be) you, I ____(apologize) immediately.
A. were / would apologize
 B. was / would apologize
C. am / will apologize
D. were / apologized
9. If the train ____(leave) on time, we ____(will reach) the station by 10 AM.
A. leaves / will reach
B. left / would reach
C. leaves / reach
D. leaving / will reach
10. If he ____(not be) late, he ____(catch) the bus.
A. isn’t / will catch
B. wasn’t / caught
C. hadn’t been / would have caught
D. wasn’t / would catch
11. Had he ____(worked) harder, he ____(would have succeeded).
A. works / will succeed
B. worked / succeeds
C. had worked / would succeed
D. had worked / would have succeeded
12. If you ____(see) her yesterday, you ____(should tell) me.
A. had seen / should have told
B. saw / should tell
C. saw / should have told
D. had seen / should tell
13. If I ____(have) enough money, I ____(will buy) a new house.
A. have / will buy
B. had / would buy
C. have / would buy
D. had / will buy
14. If the weather ____(be) nice, we ____(have) a picnic tomorrow.
A. is / will have
B. was / would have
C. were / would have
D. has been / will have
15. If he ____(know) the answer, he ____(would tell) you.
A. knew / would tell
B. knows / will tell
C. know / would tell
D. knew / will tell
16.  If I ____(were) taller, I ____(could play) basketball better.
A. am / could play
B. was / could play
C. were / could play
D. were / play
17.  Should you ____(need) any help, please ____(ask) me.
A. needed / ask
B. need / ask
C. need / will ask
D. needs / asked
18.  If the power ____(go) out, we ____(light) candles.
A. goes / light
B. goes / will light
 C. went / light
D. went / would light
19.  If I ____(have) wings, I ____(fly) to the moon.
A. have / will fly
B. had / would fly
C. has / flies
D. had / will fly
20.  If you ____(not water) the plants, they ____(die).
A. didn’t water / died
B. don’t water / will die
C. don’t water / died
D. hadn’t watered / would die
21.  Were he ____(more careful), he ____(not make) such mistakes.
A. is / won’t make
B. was / wouldn’t make
C. were / wouldn’t make
D. is / didn’t make
22.  Had the company ____(invested) more in technology, they ____(would be) more
competitive now.
A. invested / would be
B. invests / will be
C. had invested / would be
D. invested / are
23.  If it ____(rain) tomorrow, the event ____(be) postponed.
A. rains / will be
B. rained / is
C. rains / is
D. rain / will be
24.  Should the need ____(arise), we ____(can move) to a new location.
A. arises / could move
B. arise / can move
C. arise / could have moved
D. arose / will move
25.  If you ____(drive) too fast, you ____(cause) an accident.
A. drove / caused
B. drives / cause
C. drive / will cause
D. drove / would cause
26.  If I ____(win) the lottery, I ____(buy) a big house.
A. won / would buy
B. wins / buys
C. win / will buy
D. had won / would buy
27.  If the teacher ____(not explain) clearly, the students ____(not understand).
A. doesn’t explain / won’t understand
B. didn’t explain / wouldn’t understand
C. hadn’t explained / wouldn’t have understood
D. explains / don’t understand
28.  If I ____(were) rich, I ____(travel) the world.
A. were / would travel
B. am / will travel
 C. were / will travel
D. was / would travel
29.  Had he ____(applied) for the job, he ____(might have been) selected.
A. applied / might have been
B. applies / might be
C. had applied / might have been
D. applies / could be
30.  If they ____(not work) hard, they ____(not achieve) success.
A. don’t work / won’t achieve
B. didn’t work / wouldn’t achieve
C. hadn’t worked / wouldn’t have achieved
D. work / don’t achieve
31.  If she ____(not forget) the meeting, she ____(be) on time.
A. doesn’t forget / will be
B. didn’t forget / would be
C. hadn’t forgotten / would have been
D. forgets / is
32.  If he ____(see) a lion, he ____(run) away.
A. sees / will run
B. saw / would run
C. see / runs
D. had seen / would have run
33.  Were the weather ____(better), we ____(go) hiking today.
A. better / will go
B. better / would go
C. good / would go
D. best / would go
34.  If the dog ____(bark), it ____(wake) the neighbors.
A. barks / will wake
B. bark / wake
C. barked / wakes
D. barks / wakes
35.  If they ____(not come) soon, we ____(leave) without them.
A. don’t come / will leave
B. didn’t come / would leave
C. hadn’t come / would have left
D. come / leave
36.  Should he ____(find) the key, he ____(open) the box.
A. found / opened
B. finds / will open
C. find / can open
D. finds / opens
37.  If I ____(knew) her address, I ____(send) her an invitation.
A. know / will send
B. knew / would send
C. had known / would have sent
D. knew / send
38.  If we ____(had left) earlier, we ____(wouldn’t have missed) the bus.
A. left / wouldn’t miss
B. had left / wouldn’t have missed
C. leave / won’t miss
D. had left / wouldn’t miss
39.  If the sun ____(shine), the flowers ____(bloom).
A. shines / bloom
B. shone / bloom
C. shines / will bloom
D. shine / blooms
40.  If she ____(not study) more, she ____(fail) the exam.
A. doesn’t study / will fail
B. didn’t study / would fail
C. hadn’t studied / would have failed
D. studies / fails
41.  Had you ____(told) me earlier, I ____(could help) you.
A. told / can help
B. tell / will help
C. had told / could have helped
D. told / could have helped
42.  Should the fire ____(spread), the damage ____(be) severe.
A. spread / will be
B. spreads / will be
C. spread / would be
D. spreads / would be
43.  If you ____(exercise) regularly, you ____(feel) healthier.
A. exercise / feel
B. exercised / feel
C. exercised / would feel
D. exercise / will feel
44.  If the ship ____(sink), the crew ____(be) in danger.
A. sinks / will be
B. sank / would be
C. sunk / would have been
D. sink / is
45.  If the team ____(play) well, they ____(win) the game.
A. plays / win
B. play / will win
C. played / would win
D. had played / would have won
46.  Should you ____(hear) anything suspicious, ____(call) the police.
A. hear / call
B. heard / called
C. hears / call
D. hear / will call
47.  Were she ____(to ask) me, I ____(help) her.
A. to ask / will help
B. asks / would help
C. to ask / would help
D. asked / will help
48.  If the river ____(overflow), the nearby areas ____(be) flooded.
A. overflows / will be
B. overflow / is
C. overflowed / would be
D. overflow / will be
49.  If the student ____(work) harder, he ____(succeed) in the exam.
A. works / succeeds
 B. worked / would succeed
C. works / will succeed
D. had worked / would have succeeded
50.  Should the weather ____(improve), we ____(plan) a picnic.
A. improved / will plan
B. improve / can plan
C. improves / will plan
D. improving / plan

II. Viết lại câu (50 câu)

51. Rewrite: If you heat ice, it melts.

Suggested Start: Should you ______________
52. Rewrite: If I were you, I would take the chance.
Suggested Start: Were I ______________
53. Rewrite: If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.
Suggested Start: Had ______________
54. Rewrite: If the sun rises, the day becomes bright.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
55. Rewrite: If I hadn’t missed the bus, I would have been on time.
Suggested Start: Had ______________
56. Rewrite: If the weather were better, we would go on a picnic.
Suggested Start: Were ______________
57. Rewrite: If the alarm doesn’t ring, we will miss the meeting.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
58. Rewrite: If he spoke English, he would get the job.
Suggested Start: Were ______________
59. Rewrite: If she doesn’t water the plants, they will die.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
60. Rewrite: If they had come earlier, they would have met the manager.
Suggested Start: Had ______________
61.  Rewrite: If the power goes out, we will light candles.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
62.  Rewrite: If he were taller, he would play basketball better.
Suggested Start: Were ______________
63.  Rewrite: If the company had invested more in technology, they would be more
competitive now.
Suggested Start: Had ______________
64.  Rewrite: If you need any help, please ask me.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
65.  Rewrite: If I had wings, I would fly to the moon.
Suggested Start: Were ______________
66.  Rewrite: If I had won the lottery, I would have bought a big house.
Suggested Start: Had ______________
67.  Rewrite: If she had studied, she might have passed the test.
Suggested Start: Had ______________
68.  Rewrite: If they don’t work hard, they won’t achieve success.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
69.  Rewrite: If he hadn’t missed the train, he would have been on time.
Suggested Start: Had ______________
70.  Rewrite: If the weather is good, we will go for a picnic.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
71.  Rewrite: If the alarm rings, they will wake up on time.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
72.  Rewrite: If she doesn’t water the plants, they will die.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
73.  Rewrite: If I had saved money, I could have bought a new car.
Suggested Start: Had ______________
74.  Rewrite: If the teacher explains clearly, the students will understand.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
75.  Rewrite: If it rained yesterday, we would have stayed home.
Suggested Start: Had ______________
76.  Rewrite: If they hadn’t missed the train, they would have arrived earlier.
Suggested Start: Had ______________
77.  Rewrite: If she doesn’t finish her homework, she won’t go to the party.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
78.  Rewrite: If I were rich, I would build a hospital.
Suggested Start: Were ______________
79.  Rewrite: If the river overflows, the nearby areas will be flooded.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
80.  Rewrite: If he had worked harder, he might have been promoted.
Suggested Start: Had ______________
81.  Rewrite: If the alarm had gone off, they wouldn’t have been late.
Suggested Start: Had ______________
82.  Rewrite: If you study well, you will pass the test.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
83.  Rewrite: If I hadn’t left my keys, I wouldn’t be locked out.
Suggested Start: Had ______________
84.  Rewrite: If we had left earlier, we wouldn’t have missed the plane.
Suggested Start: Had ______________
85.  Rewrite: If the sun shines tomorrow, we will go to the beach.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
86.  Rewrite: If she called me, I would answer immediately.
Suggested Start: Were ______________
87.  Rewrite: If he speaks French, he will get the job.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
88.  Rewrite: If the weather were better, they would play outside.
Suggested Start: Were ______________
89.  Rewrite: If the computer crashes, we will lose the data.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
90.  Rewrite: If she had known the answer, she would have told me.
Suggested Start: Had ______________
91.  Rewrite: If the plane were faster, the trip would be shorter.
Suggested Start: Were ______________
92.  Rewrite: If you don’t hurry, you will miss the bus.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
93.  Rewrite: If the match were canceled, they would inform us.
Suggested Start: Were ______________
94.  Rewrite: If they studied, they would pass the exam.
Suggested Start: Were ______________
95.  Rewrite: If the teacher had explained better, we would have understood.
Suggested Start: Had ______________
96.  Rewrite: If the project is delayed, we will lose the contract.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
97.  Rewrite: If the power goes out, the machines will stop working.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
98.  Rewrite: If the baby cries, call me immediately.
Suggested Start: Should ______________
99.  Rewrite: If you were in my place, what would you do?
Suggested Start: Were ______________
100.  Rewrite: If the team hadn’t practiced, they wouldn’t have won.
Suggested Start: Had ______________