NAME : SHAIKH MOHAMMED SHOIB SALIM
ROLL NO : 102
CLASS : SY.BBA
DIV: A
SUBJECT : Environmental awareness
TOPIC : ADVERSE EFFECT OF GLOBAL WARMING AND WAYS TO REDUCE
CARBON FOOTPRINT.
DATE OF SUBMISSION : 2/12/2022
➢ Adverse effect of global warming on climate
Irregular weather patterns have already started showing results. Increased precipitation in the
form of rain have already been noticed in polar and sub polar regions. More global warming
will lead to more evaporation which will cause more rains. Animals and plants cannot easily
adapt to increase rainfall. Plants may die due to it and animals may migrate to other areas,
which can cause entire ecosystem out of balance.
➢ Adverse effect of global warming on polar Icecapes & Glaciers
The cold epoch ended in the middle of the nineteenth century and the climate began to warm in
the
last century and a half, quicker in the first half especially in the Polar regions. In the decade
starting
1920, average annual temperatures in the Arctic had risen by 2° to 4°C, along with
frequent cyclonic activity in the northern latitudes. Glaciers retreated in mountains almost
everywhere: By 1950, glacier area shrunk by 25 per cent in Switzerland and by 15 per cent in the
Caucasus. Although mountain glaciers sporadically advanced in the 1920s and 1960s, these cold
periods were short and limited in scope and, by 2000, the steady rise in temperature became
global.
Global warming has caused serious concern and has been the subject of discussions amongst
scientists and decision makers. The UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
assessment reports verify that surface air temperatures are rising. Undoubtedly, this warming is
one
of the factors for faster melting of mountain glaciers and ice sheets, with the exception of the
Antarctic ice sheet that stores about 90 per cent of global ice. And studies of the Antarctic ice
sheet
over the past 50 years show that, not withstanding measurement errors, the ice mass did not
diminish, which demonstrates its stability. However, the slow rise in sea levels caused by
thermal
expansion of oceanic water and by the melting of the Greenland ice sheet and other polar and
mountain glaciers is of great importance to coastal populations.
Against this background of climate change, I will try to explain how glaciers become unstable, or
surge into surrounding areas threatening human populations, and how to monitor against such
surges
➢ Adverse effect of global warming on sea
Global mean sea level has risen about 8–9 inches (21–24 centimeters) since 1880. The rising
water level is mostly due to a combination of melt water from glaciers and ice sheets and
thermal expansion of seawater as it warms. In 2021, global mean sea level was 97 millimeters
(3.8 inches) above 1993 levels, making it the highest annual average in the satellite record
(1993-present).
The global mean water level in the ocean rose by 0.14 inches (3.6 millimeters) per year from
2006–2015, which was 2.5 times the average rate of 0.06 inches (1.4 millimeters) per year
throughout most of the twentieth century. By the end of the century, global mean sea level is
likely to rise at least one foot (0.3 meters) above 2000 levels, even if greenhouse gas emissions
follow a relatively low pathway in coming decades.
In some ocean basins, sea level has risen as much as 6-8 inches (15-20 centimeters) since the
start of the satellite record. Regional differences exist because of natural variability in the
strength of winds and ocean currents, which influence how much and where the deeper layers
of the ocean store heat.
➢ Adverse effect of Global warming on Plants and Animals
Global warming is a serious issue, and it’s a term that means the planet is
experiencing a
gradual warming of temperatures due to an increase in gasses and pollutants like carbon
monoxide and CFCs. These pollutants are causing what is popularly known
today as “the
Greenhouse Effect”. Whatever we call it, global warming is impacting every
living being on
planet earth including plants and animals, in addition to ice caps melting, increasing sea levels
and the extinction of plant and animal species.
➢ Adverse effect of Global warming on agriculture
One of the most important resources society depends upon is agriculture. With so much
irrefutable evidence demonstrating that global warming is indeed occurring and that
ecosystems worldwide are already feeling the effects and having to adapt, the protection
of agricultural resources is critical. Without the successful adaptation of agriculture and
livestock to the long-term changes of climate due to global warming, future adaptation for
anything would be difficult. Agricultural systems are influenced by several environmental
factors—especially weather and climate. Agriculture and livestock depend on the health and
well-being of soil conditions such as the presence and quality of organic matter and availability
of adequate moisture. If the progression of global warming upsets the balance of any of these
biophysical properties (precipitation, temperature, soil moisture, and organic matter),
agriculture and livestock will be negatively affected.
➢ Adverse effect of global warming on economy
The Fourth National Climate Assessment, published in 2018, warned that if we do not curb
greenhouse gas emissions and start to adapt, climate change could seriously disrupt the U.S.
economy. Warmer temperatures, sea level rise and extreme weather will damage property and
critical infrastructure, impact human health and productivity, and negatively affect sectors such
as agriculture, forestry, fisheries and tourism. The demand for energy will increase as power
generation becomes less reliable, and water supplies will be stressed. Damage to other countries
around the globe will also affect U.S. business through disruption in trade and supply chains.
A recent report examined how climate change could affect 22 different sectors of the economy
under two different scenarios: if global temperatures rose 2.8˚ C from pre-
industrial levels by
2100, and if they increased by 4.5˚ C. The study projected that if the higher-
temperature
scenario prevails, climate change impacts on these 22 sectors could cost the U.S. $520 billion
each year. If we can keep to 2.8˚ C, it would cost $224 billion less. In any
case, the U.S. stands
to suffer large economic losses due to climate change, second only to India, according
to another study
➢ Adverse effect of global warming on natural disaster
With a documented increase in average global surface temperatures of 0.6 degrees C since
1975, Earth now appears to be warming due to a variety of climatic effects, most notably the
cascading effects of greenhouse gas emissions resulting from human activities. There remains,
however, no universal agreement on how rapidly, regionally, or asymmetrically the planet will
warm or on the true impact of global warming on natural disasters and public health outcomes.
Most reports to date of the public health impact of global warming have been anecdotal and
retrospective in design and have focused on the increase in heat-stroke deaths following heat
waves and on outbreaks of airborne and arthropod-borne diseases following tropical rains and
flooding that resulted from fluctuations in ocean temperatures. The effects of global warming
on rainfall and drought, tropical cyclone and tsunami activity, and tectonic and volcanic activity
will have far-reaching public health effects not only on environmentally associated disease
outbreaks but also on global food supplies and population movements. As a result of these and
other recognized associations between climate change and public health consequences, many
of which have been confounded by deficiencies in public health infrastructure and scientific
debates over whether climate changes are spawned by atmospheric cycles or anthropogenic
influences, the active responses to progressive climate change must include combinations of
economic, environmental, legal, regulatory, and, most importantly, public health measures.
➢ Ways to reduce Carbon footprint
1.Eat low on the food chain
2. Choose organic and local foods that are in season. Transporting food from far away,
whether by truck, ship, rail or plane, uses fossil fuels for fuel and for cooling to keep foods in
transit from spoiling.
3. Buy foodstuffs in bulk when possible using your own reusable container.
4. Reduce your food waste by planning meals ahead of time, freezing the excess and reusing
leftovers.
5. C Buy less stuff! And buy used or recycled items whenever possible.
6.Bring your own reusable bag when you shop.
7. Try to avoid items with excess packaging.
8. If you’re in the market for a new computer, opt for a laptop instead of a desktop.
Laptops
require less energy to charge and operate than desktops.
