Open Ideas National Competition 2024

IMPROVING
LIVEABILITY OF SMALL
HOUSES

UNIQUE ID:INHAF-20240031
Team Members:
1. Sameeksha Chavan
2. Mittul Adhav
3. Shailender Kumar

Site Location
Pune, Maharshtra

INHAF-20240031
 OPEN IDEAS NATIONAL WEAKNESSES:
COMPETITION STRENGTH: • The houses are built in a congested
SEASON 4 2024 • The site is located at a distance of 5.2 manner, with lanes that are less than 5
km from the Swargate bus station, meters wide.
which is an upcoming Transit hub. • Longer sides of the facade are oriented
• The site has open areas in between North –South , but no windows provided for
IMPROVING that are used as playgrounds. daylight and ventilation.
• No spacing between 2 residential units.
LIVEABILITY
OF SMALL HOUSES

• The selected site is located in OPPORTUNITIES: THREATS

the Upper Indiranagar area of • Since the existing structures are single- • The illegal construction above the existing
Pune city and consists of story buildings, there is potential for structures, which were only designed for a
rehabilitation houses built for vertical development to make more single story, poses a significant risk, as these
the victims of the Panshet efficient use of the land. buildings may not be capable of
floods. Each allocated supporting the additional loads.
dwelling is approximately 300
sq.ft., but residents have Existing site
illegally constructed additions
beyond the original house size. EXISTING FLOOR PLANS –
• During our site visit, several Area – 300 sq.ft REDEFINING AFFORDABLE HOUSING TARGETS TO KEEP IN MIND
issues were identified. The
houses receive no natural light,
making them dim and poorly
lit. They are also thermally
uncomfortable, especially Environment
during the summer and post- Sustainability Sustainable
monsoon seasons. Additionally, development
the space is inadequate for a
family of four to live
comfortably.
• The site holds significant Social Economic
potential for redevelopment.
Sustainability Sustainability
By constructing up to three
floors, the houses can be
effectively redesigned,
addressing the identified issues
GROUND FLOOR FIRST FLOOR
through thoughtful design
interventions.
• The site is spread across more
HOW TO IMPROVE THE LIVEABILTY ?
than 10 acres of land, but a
small module of 100 units is
designed for the competition.
.

Envelope Thermal Indoor Air Adequate Renewable

Optimization comfort Quality daylight energy

SWOT ANALYSIS INHAF-20240031

Case Study - Affordable Housing Project at Rajkot OPEN IDEAS NATIONAL
COMPETITION SEASON
About the Project CO2 ppm levels in room Indoor Air Quality 4 2024
• Location – Rajkot
Type of glazing used
• Climate – Composite Climate
Affordable Thermal
IMPROVING
Aim of the Case study -
This case study target the thermal comfort in
Housing comfort
Wall of optimized Building Envelope LIVEABILITY
U – Value
an affordable housing project. Optimization OF SMALL HOUSES
Outside surface
Input parameters- solar reflectance Learnings
• External walls with low U-value o
200mm thick Aerated
Autoclaved Concrete AC) • It is observed that when the
blocks on the east and north windows are kept open , with
side. exchange of air , CO2 and other
• Cavity wall, constructed of particulate matters are
200mm +200mm thick AAC exchanged.
blocks with 40mm air gap on the • When windows kept closed , the
south and west sides
occupants and the furniture
• Partially glazed windows
having some amount VOC
• Window shading (with overhang
and side-fins) contribute to the indoor air
• Casement windows were quality.
Fig 2– Floor plan
provided, instead of sliding • Internal temperatures are
windows, to improve natural maintained in the range
ventilation potential between 30.5oC to 32oC
irrespective of outdoor
temperature going up to
Graph1 – CO2 levels when windows closed and open for bedroom and living room 40.5oC.This is due to building
envelope optimization strategy.

Acknowledgement
We would like to thank Saswati
Chetia, Sameer Maithel, Pierre
Jaboyedoff, Ashok Lall, Prashant
Bhanware, Akshat Gupta for their
research paper on,” A CASE STUDY
ON DESIGN OF THERMALLY
COMFORTABLE
AFFORDABLE HOUSING IN
COMPOSITE CLIMATE: SIMULATION
RESULTS & MONITORED
PERFORMANCE.”

Fig 1 – Site plan Graph 2 – Indoor and Outdoor Dry bulb temperature

COMPONENT D: CASE STUDIES | CASE STUDY 1 INHAF-20240031

Case Study – HUDCO Housing , Jodhpur India OPEN IDEAS NATIONAL
Project Information Idea of Affordable housing COMPETITION SEASON
About the Project 4 2024
• Location – Jodhpur , India Compact planning
• Climate – Hot and Dry climate IMPROVING
Aim of the Case study -
This project has group of units with hierarchy in open
Replicability of design LIVEABILITY
spaces. Passive strategy like the courtyards are used OF SMALL HOUSES
Climate responsive
Learnings

• Affordable housing should

Choice of materials and have a sense of
construction technology replicability.
• Scope for future
expansion based on the
replicability of the module.
More reliant on Natural
• Load bearing construction
ventilation
is affordable based on the
locally available material.
• Compact planning with a
breathing space like idea
Social Engagement
of courtyards
spaces

Passive Design strategy

Hierachy in the Modules -

COMPONENT D: CASE STUDIES | CASE STUDY 2

Design Intervention – Site plan and zoning strategies SITE REATED INFORMATION

• The based on the road access and

orientation of the site , the longer side of
the façade area are facing North – South
6.0 M WIDE ROAD
direction
• The residential is largely pedestrian
oriented space.
• Keeping in mind social and environmental
sustainability , social engagement spaces
are incorporated

1 1
1 • Total site area - 13090.sq.m
9.0 M WIDE ROAD

• Ground cover area – 3465.sq.m

1 1
2 • Total no of Units – 120 unit

4 4 • No of floors – Stilt + 3 floors

• Total built up area - 9365.sq.m

LEGENDS
1 – LAWN AREA
PARKING AREA PARKING AREA 2 – STAGE AND AMPHITHEATRE AREA
3 – SHOPS
3 3
4 – COMMUNITY HALL
6.0 M WIDE ROAD

24.0 M WIDE ROAD

ZONING STRATEGY ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIAL ECONOMIC

SUSTAINABILITY SUSTAINABILITY SUSTAINABILITY
BUFFER ZONE FROM • Inclusive housing • Provision of providing
SURROUNDING • Including green spaces to commercial shops on the
• Social engagement
increase the front area .
spaces.
evapotranspiration rate to • Community hall to be
PRIVATE SPACE - RESIDENTIAL
• Stage and amphitheatre
reduce the daytime used as space for
area for celebrating some
temperature . developing different skill
occasions , increasing
• Renewable energy sets and increasing
social engagement.
SEMI PUBLIC SPACE - PARKING incorporation. employment opportunities
• Building envelope
PUBLIC SPACE - SHOP optimization.

COMPONENT B: REDESIGN OF THE SELECTED PROJECT | SHEET 1 OF3 INHAF-20240031

Design Intervention – Site Details

2 1&3

KEY SITE PLAN

VIEW 1

SITE VIEW

VIEW 1

VIEW 2

TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN

Area of 1 unit: 50 sq. m (including balcony)
VIEW 3
COMPONENT B: REDESIGN OF THE SELECTED PROJECT | SHEET 2 OF 3 INHAF-20240031
Design Intervention – Site Plan

SITE VIEW

KEY SITE PLAN

COMPONENT B: REDESIGN OF THE SELECTED PROJECT | SHEET 3 OF 3 INHAF-20240031

Climate Analysis of Pune City & Suggested By-Laws

% hours Recommended Strategy No. of hours

Comfortable DBT, High Conditions
100 RH

0.0% Heating & Humidification 1

90 Low DBT, High RH Cold & Dry

80 0.4% Humidification 39
High DBT, High RH Dry
70
Relative Humidity (%)

7.7% Cooling & Humidification 673

Low DBT, Comfortable Hot & Dry
60 RH
12.0% Heating 1053
50 Comfortable DBT,
Cold
Comfortable RH
11.4% 1000
40 Comfortable
High DBT, Comfortable
RH
30 19.9% Cooling 1744
Hot
Low DBT, Low RH
20 Heating &
Cold & 26.2% 2299
Humid Dehumidification
10 Comfortable DBT, Low
RH 20.9% Dehumidification 1828
0 Humid
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 High DBT, low RH Cooling &
1.4% 123
Outdoor Dry Bulb Temperature (°C) Hot & Humid Dehumidification

Annual Hourly Climate Analysis: Weather Data source: Energy Plus Weather (EPW) file Annual Comfort Hour Analysis in terms of RH(%) & Dry bulb Temperature (°C)

Natural ventilation potential:

• Temperature: Pune has moderate temperatures throughout the year. Summers (March-May) see highs of 35-40°C, while winters (December-February) see lows of 10-
15°C.
• Prevailing Winds: During summer, winds flow from the west (westerlies), while in the winter and post-monsoon season, easterlies prevail. Wind speeds range from 1.5
m/s to 4 m/s, generally sufficient to promote natural ventilation.
• Cross Ventilation: Buildings should be designed to allow for cross-ventilation by placing openings on opposite sides of rooms.
• Shading: Adequate shading for windows is important during summer to reduce direct heat gains.

• Solar PV potential:
• Average Solar Irradiance: Pune receives an annual average of 5.5 kWh/m²/day of solar radiation, which is excellent for solar PV installations.
• Clear Sky Days: Pune enjoys around 250-300 clear sunny days per year, making solar PV a highly viable energy solution.
Bye –Law Recommendation
• Building bylaws should take into account the thermal comfort of occupants.
• The current minimum area requirement of 28-30 square meters for affordable housing, as per Pune UDCPR, is insufficient for a family of 4-5 people. Therefore, it should
be reconsidered.

CLIMATE ANALYSIS OF PUNE | SHEET 5 OF 5 INHAF-20240031

 OPEN IDEAS
NATIONAL COMPETITION
SEASON 4 2024

IMPROVING
LIVEABILITY
OF SMALL HOUSES
1. Wall Insulation (U-value ≤ 0.20 W/m²·K):
Well-insulated walls should have a U-value of 0.20 W/m²·K or lower to minimize heat
transfer and reduce cooling loads.
Envelope U value as per ECBC
Component Warm & Humid
2. Roof Insulation (U-value ≤ 0.15 W/m²·K):
A well-insulated roof should have a U-value of 0.15 W/m²·K or lower, particularly in hot Wall: U-value (W/m2.K) 0.4
climates, to reduce heat gain through the roof.
Roof: U-value (W/m2.K) 0.33
3. External Wall Reflectivity (U-value ≤ 0.25 W/m²·K): Glass: Max. U-value 3
Reflective external wall systems can achieve a U-value of 0.25 W/m²·K or lower when
paired with high-reflectivity surfaces and proper insulation. Glass: Max. SHGC for North 0.5

4. Cool Roof (U-value ≤ 0.17 W/m²·K):

≥ 15°N
A cool roof with proper insulation and a reflective surface can achieve a U-value of Glass: Max. SHGC for North 0.27
0.17 W/m²·K or less.
< 15°N
5. Glazing Systems (U-value ≤ 1.2 W/m²·K):
High-performance double- or triple-glazed windows should have a U-value of 1.2 Glass: Max. SHGC for Non- 0.27
W/m²·K or lower to reduce heat gain through the glazing system.
North
6. Curtain Walls (U-value ≤ 1.5 W/m²·K): Roof: SRI 72
Modern curtain walls with thermal breaks and insulated glazing units should target a
U-value of 1.5 W/m²·K or lower.

7. Floor Insulation (U-value ≤ 0.25 W/m²·K):

A properly insulated floor in contact with the ground or external air should have a U
value of 0.25 W/m²·K or lower.

8. Thermal Bridging Mitigation (Effective U-value ≤ 0.20 W/m²·K):

Reducing thermal bridges in junctions, corners, and around windows can lower the
effective U-value of walls and roofs to ≤ 0.20 W/m²·K.

9. Window Shading Systems (Effective U-value ≤ 1.0 W/m²·K with Shading):

Integrating external shading devices with high-performance windows can reduce the
effective U-value to ≤ 1.0 W/m²·K by reducing solar heat gain.
.
10. Air Leakage and Overall Envelope Performance (Equivalent U-value ≤ 0.25
W/m²·K):
By ensuring airtightness and minimizing air infiltration, the overall U-value of the Fig: Building Heat transfer
building envelope can effectively be reduced to ≤ 0.25 W/m²·K. Source:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373227744_Cooling_
Coating_for_Buildings_Based_on_the_Daytime_Radiative_Cooling_T
echnology/figures?lo=1

Fig: Conductive Heat Transfer

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a
rticle/pii/S2352484720313111

PROJECT SUMMARY INHAF-20240031