EXPANSION .

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sgqlro_|t..u rA$E

314-1
1.1- I DESCRIPTION

t!'IATERiAt,S sl4-1
t4.2

General sl4-1
14.2.1

Mclals s14-2
14.2.7

s14-1
14.?.3 Elastomer

14.2.4 Epo*y st44

Epr:xy Mortar Nosing Sl.1-4

14.2.5

Joint Filler sl4-4

14.26
s14"5
14.2.7 Joint Sealing GrmPound

Walerstops s14.5
| 4.2.8

! d.3 CONS'TRUC'TiON

General
sl4-6
14.3. I

Prevcntion Of Darnagc s146

11.3^?

lipcry* Mortar Ncxing slc-?

14.1.3

Scnling s14.8
14.3.4

PROPRIEI'ARY JOINTS sl4-8

14.4

WATERSTOPS st4-8
14.5

(i)
 $ LE!!Q ! ll. EX&!$lUlUltllNIS
t 4.1 QEf{-tr_!:,!-!l,lll

Thc work shall ecnsirt c'f the supply and installing thc expansirrn joints at position
sho*,n on thc l)rawings. All Wnrks shall bc done in accordance with this
Spccific;rtion and in conlornring with the design, irnd with thc lincs, gradan,
rJirncnsions lnd nr'lcs sllo,,r,n on thc Drarrings.

Iq -.{- MATERIAI-S

| 4^2. I Cqnrrl!l

Allparts iln<J clcrncnt shall be as specilicd in thc Specification and on the

Drawing and shall comply to thc manufacturer's rcquircment.
'llreusc e[ mater;als for expansit:n joints other than rhosc on thc Drawings ihall
bc to thc apprrl.al of thc S.O. who will require thc C-ontractor to submil satnples
as soon as possiblc tnfore thc commcncement af the Work. The materials used
rhall conftrrrn trr thc S.O.'s approval and shall bc of tbe same tyPe and quality as
lhe samplc ,submittcd lor approval.

t 't,:.: llf rlg ls

End tuldcr.l si'.rdr -rh:rll coniorm lo the rcquircrnent of Cold Finished Carbon
-Ihe tensilc properties. delerm ined ia
51cc:l Brrrs and Sh:rftins ASTlvl .4.2f1U.
rccordanrc *'ith '\Sl'L'l A-13?0. shall er:nform to thc [ollt-rwing :ninimum
rulr:ircllcnlr:-
'l crrrk: slrcn.{t h Jl5 Nisq.mni

Yr.:irl s: rc nqt h ld,{ Nlsq.mm

l:. itrnll l ii:n 2{}96 in 5(}mm

R,::.,r :lr:lrnn tlf. ltr:e :{}%

s r.l"l
 Anchorr rhell be fsbricatcd from hot roltcd mild stecl defnrmed bars coalorming
lo BS 4449 and shall bc of wcldabte quality.

All other stccl plirttx, bars and shapes shall bc fabricateil frorn high srrength lor#
alloy slccl conftrrming to thc rcquiremcnts of BS 4360 grldc 508, wirh rhe
additional requircmcnts thai thc srccl rhall contain 0.33I).50 coppcr.

Bolu, nua and washen shell tre hi$b strcngth confarming (o thc rcquirements of
BS 4395: Part I Gencral Crade or ASTM 4325, Typc 3.

All metallic components (other than stainltr.' stcclsurfaces, bearing areas and
area in contact with the neoprene seal concrete) shall bc shop and field paintcd
in accordance with the requircmcrts of BS 5.193. Paint Systern shall be to ihc
approval of the S-O"

The metal surfaccs in direct contact with rhe neoprene seal e tements, *ball be
sardblasted ar:d treated as recommended by tbe rnanufactuler so as to provide
a high strcngrh bond bctween the neoprene seat and the mating melal surfac€s.

14.L3 Elrsloner
The elastomer portion of the elastomeric expanrion joint shall be of rhe
compound knorm as neoprene which shall have the follcnving physical properties
as per Table 14.1

sr 4-2
 Tablc. I a, I PHYSICAL PR0PIRI}E$*QFIiEQBRESE

Phyrical Properties Rcquirement AS'TM

Tcnsile strength, min t4 D412

N/sq.mm

Elongation at brcak 25O Dll2

Hardness, Type A
D7340
Durometer, points 55r5 (modified)

Compression set, 70hr

at 100'C rnax 487o D395 mcttrbd
B (modified)
&en aging. 70hr
ar 1.OQVo
Tensile slrength,
loss, rn ax 2AVo
Elongation,losst max ?avo
Hardness, Type A
durosreter (points change) 0 to +10

Oil Swell, ASTM nil

3.7hr at 1007o
Weight change, max 45"ic D471

Ozcne resistance D1149

2A7o strain,300pphm,
in air 70 hours at 4EC
{wiped with Toulene to No cracks
remove contaminarion)

LDw tcmperalure recovery,

72hn.at -lfC
5O7o deflection, min 887c D?628

l-ow tcmpcraturc rccoverl,

22hrs at -29PC 837o D2628
50% deflection,

High temperalure rcsovcry,

T2hours at 100.C min
50,% dcflection. 85To D'2628

s14-3
l{.?.4 S.pq11sr

Epoxy fiir txrnding thc ncopre nc scals in p.llce shall hc onc-point moisture curing,
polyurethanc and byclrrrcarbon solvcnt rrrixlurc cquul to Bon.Lrstic r\dhcsive and
mccting thc f<rlkrwing Properl ic-r:-

Avcrallc Wcitht Pur litre | 3 kes rl0{l

SolirJs (itntr:nt:i by Wcight 65%

Marcrial to bc lluid [ror* -li"C rr.r ilgpC

Film Strclsth Njsq.nlrn nrin 1.1

l'.long;rtir:rn ?5094

lor* tcrnprrat,;rc -fi{}C Tensilc -OK

Elongation -Not Brittle

Epoxy for u.sc in coating concrcte surfaces anC for filling the joint blockout in ttre
c()ncrclc after instailing and adjusting thc cxpansion joints shall be a two- r

conrtmne nt$ e pr:vy rcs:n adhcsivc mceting lhe requircmcnt of AASHTO M235"

Neat cpoxy adhcsivc, or cporJ, grout shail bc used in filling the gap below bo:tom
o[ tbe crpensir:n jcint dacr.

I{.:.5 _tirng-!dg're1-ri!,-!i11&:

Nosing shali cr:rnply with the rcquircmenis oi UE 3172 of Department of

Envirorrmcnl l'crhnical L{cmorandum on Expansion Joints for Uses in Highway
Llridgc Dccks

t4"?.6 lqi3l_Ujlkr
Non cxtruding and rrsilri:ll l1-pe shall coe[r;irn ]o lhc Spccification f€r Preformed
Expansion Jr:int Fiilcrs lbr Q,rncrctc Paving and Strucrural Conslruction
AAst-r',t() r3 {AS'rM Dri52).

Bitumint:us type f"ilh.:r shall cc'rnlirrnr io lhc Spccificalion for Prcforned Erpansion
Joint l'illcrs for concrcle Paving and Siruclural Constructio;i AASHTO M2l3
{ASTM D1751}. Pr:firrr,red Joint Filiers shall mnfcrm to t1:e Specification fct
Prc[ornrcd Joir:t Fillcrs arr,;l c()ncrctc Paving and Structural (krnstruc{ion
AASII r() |.,133 {As',fl\{ DvJd).

Prcf<rrned l:lasl()meric Compr*:ssiun Jcint Serls sball con[orm tt) the

Spccifie;rtion fur l)rcformed F-lastcnrcric {irnpr*sion Joint Seals lor concrete
AASHTO M?2{}-

sr4.4
14.2"7 Jo!!t S:tllng CrmFrun4
Poured joint selling compnund shall consist o[ htrt ;rnd crrld poured malcrials a.i
rJescriircd in this Spccificalisn.

Rub[cr birurncn scalant .rball consist uf hot pourcd nir{crial complying wi:h thc
rcguircinr: nls oi BS ?4!}).

(irld poured c{}nrp()und rn.rtcriill shall ;,:ornply rrith thc rc.rluitcmcnts i:t ASTM
D1850 7.1, All tcsting sball he clrricrl oul in ln lp;rcvcd lcsling l:rbor;rtory and
shall bc supplicd hy thc Conlnrrl()r t{} sh,.nv tlt:rt it rt:mplics with thc follo*ing
req u ire mc n ts: -

IEST REQL']REMENT

(i) Penctr:rt irrn l'cnclr:rIr<lrr

Cone Penclr;rtitn I509 shill noi be grcittcr
f<rr 5 scc at 25'C aftcr lhan li5
61rring"

(ii) Fhrw aftet c urinq h'l rv nr-rt 1o c\cccd -tmm

iiii)Bond Sealing docs not fail

in adhesion rir cohesir:n

ln lrdditir:n to m a lc:riais comllf ing with ASTM Di610-?4, the S.0 tnay approvc
lhc rrsc irf aitcrt.l:t live matcri;rls pravirlcd thct- meet lhe olhcr requirernents
rcl:it ing lo r-:olti or:urcd !crnt scahnl compttund.

1,l.l.S \Vatel:slorg

r\ilcrlu:rtc wirtt:r11Llirs *[ mcl.r]s, rur,rtrcr or plastiu sha!l irc placed as sho\,\.n on the
llrar*ir:gs- Whcrc rrrt:r,e rncnl i't lltc jnint is prcrvidcd fcr, thc \r'alcrslops shail be
of tlpc prrrnitlng sueh nrove mcnt r,''ithoul rnjury. 'i'hcy shall be spliced, welded
()r s()lclerr..Ll, trl ic:rm f.ont!nuoils rvatertighl jr:int.t.

Ru65cr w,rtrtst(1ps shall be icr rncd frr,in :vnthctie rubh:r. madc cxclusivell l-n.rm
nr.r)prf ;(, rcinllreint r:;rrhon blrlk, zinc r.rxide, polvmcrization agcnis and
sr.,[te 6cr. 'lltrs cr.rnpr'ruld sh,rl! crintirin nol lc!s tlran 70{i hy vclumc cf nctrl,t,-rrc.
.l'hc
tcnsilc slrettlir shail nlt 1'rc less than l8-96 lr-,t'\{l.mln' u'ilh an cl<-tngarit'n al
brcaking ut 6(}0-ii. Tlrc rhore lJurl}niclcr inrJication iharr!ners) shail be bet*'etn
,5t) iind f{). Aller I days irr air t;{f'C::lt}or aftcr.l day; rn cr}'ge n al (jO'Ctl) and
?.(i5 N,rsq mnl. prcssurc, rhc tcnrrlc rtfrngth shall nct hc less than 659o of the
originel.

Pollvinylc hlor i{lc w:r{€rsi()lri shall hc h! rlic exlrLrsi<in pr<re^rs {rom

m enu!-arL urc.r.}

an e laslr:rncrir ;itastic cornpound, 1l:c basic resin. of which shall bc

pel,-,-iny!( hlarrdc (l\1L:). Thc cttmpounrJ shall ,,:r'rnlain any additiunal rcsins,
pl:rsrici;rcr, stabilizets, L\r cthcr mi:tsrials tir.edecl lo en5!ire that, lvhen thc
malrrinls is crrri lrr-.u nded. ir *'ill {nccl thc performencc requircrnerrts givcn in this
spcrili,:arion. ]ir1 rcclairncd Pvc dr olher materi,rl rhall be uscd.

Sl,1-5
 Thc matcrial rhall cornply with tbe fi:llL:.rving phpical requiremenLr wncn testsl
under the indicaied .dSTM tcit mcihod:-

Specific Gravity ASTM D 792 l.35Max.

Durome ler Hardlc-ss ASTM D 2240 75-r5

Tensite Strcngth ASTM D 1I2 1a{}i/sq.mrn. I{in

Elongaticn ASTM D 412 3J09i

Cold Brittlencss ASTM D 716 {rc

Stiffncss in Flcxure ASTM D 747 2.4N/q.mm. Min.

l4.l (]onslnrctlon

14.3.1 9gatral
The Ccntractor shall supply shop drawings indicating all material speciiication
and dirnensions and any additional dctailr not shown on the Drawings.

All Works shall bc form ed under direr:tion of a urrnpetent supen'isor cxpcrienced

in the construction of expansion joint. The Work shall be cenlcd out prelerably
in warm Cry weather,

The mixing, application and curing o{ all prcrprietary rnaterials shall comply with
the rnanufactur€r's requircmcnts,

The positic'n of all bolts cast into c$ncrete ard hdes drilled in plates shall be
accarate ly detern ined from tem pliites.

The C"onlracror shall cnsure thal any surlacc dcsigned lo bc ijllcil witlr a
comirressiblc matcrials or which is shown on the Dra\,r'rngs as void, is kept clean
rrf any materials iike ly lo impair the efficiency of the joint and shall provide such
mcans as appicved by the S.O. frrr sealing thc joint unlii such time as a
permanent seal can bc formrd.

14.3.2 fr-cvqnlion o{ Dq$sre

Thc cxpansion,ioint during installatian shall bc rdcrluately protected to ensure

that it is nct damagcd during thc placcmcnt and finishing of lhc arncrctc,
asphaitic srrrfacing, the phrapets and any othcr subscqucnt ccin$!ruction.

During thc placing :rnd h;rrr.lcning of concrete {)r mortnr undcr cxpansion loint
()mp()n{nls, rclative mevcment shall be prcventcd hclwccn thcm and thc
supp()rt.r l-l *'hich thcy :rrc lrcing lired,

SI4.6
 Wben one hglf of the joint is being set, the other half shall bc completely frcc
from krngitudinal rtraio ln particular where rtrong bacls or templates arc used
to locate the r$,o sidet of a joint, thcy $ha[ not bc fixed simultaneously to both
si<Jes.

Scrcw thread shall be kept clean and frec ftom nst. Ramps shril bc providcd and
maintained to protcct€d all expansion joinB from vchicular lsading. Vehicles shall
crcs tbe joints only by means of the ramps until the S.O. permits removal.

r4.33 EporY Mortar NoslJn

Concrete surfaces to rvhich the nmingp are applicd shall be dry, sound and free
from laitancc. Before applicatiog of the prinning coat, loose material and drst
shall be rcmor"ed by uir jel teste- to ensure that no oil ir carried s..cr from tbe
comPressor.

Unle$ otherrrise specified surfacing shall be carried across the joinl aod then cut
back to accommodate thc nosing. The curdng shall be donc wirh a diamond raw
to give a clcan edge throughout tbe depth of the material providcd to bc
removed. Masking materials provided to prevent surfacing materials adhering to
concrete surfacc at thc joint shall be properly located to prevent displacerncnt by
tbe paving machine.

A prinring coat of unfilled epory resin mmposition shall be well worked in by

bnsh to all surfaccs with which rhe nosings are permanently in contact at a
uniform rate of not less tban 0.27 klsq.m. The mortar shall then be applied as
quickly as posible whilc the priming coat is still tacky.

The compositian and mix proportion of the epoxy mortar shall be submitted for
thc S.O's prior approval. Aggregate shall either be silica sand, calcined bauxite
or olher approved synthetic or natural aggregate ofsuitable grading. The particle
sizc distribution shall be that which produces a mortar with adequatc workability
and minirnurn vcrid volume. Aggregate shall be clean and completely dry.

Whichever typc of aggregate is used, the epoxy mortar components shall be

thoroughty mixed in a suitable mcchanical mixer. The sequenc€, duration and
temp€ralure of mixing shall be in accordance with tbe compoundcr's instruction.

The mortar shall bc placed in poeition within the timc remmmended by tbe
compoundcr. lt rball be *cll warked against the primed surfaccs and rrorclled
0ush with the adjacent road surface to form a denrc mortar to the proltle
dcscribed on $e Drawing.

Epoxy mortar shall generatty be comPacted in courses of thickness not exceeding

50inm. Where an undcrtying course is mor€ than I bour old it shall, unless
otberwilc agrced by the S.O., bc prinned with an un[illed epoxy resiu priming coat
bcfore placing tbe mix coursc.

TraIIic shsll not bc pcrmittcd to run thc mortar until thc S.O's agreemett har
bcrn obtafuicd,

sl+7
14.3.4 SeglJ;E

A poured sealant, where specified, shail c'niy be piaced *'hcn the mean bridqe
tcmpcrirture is brtrlee:l 21"C a;:d j8"C.

Joints shail hc cleen anC dn' hcir:rc scaling. Sealanr shaii :rr,rt be ovcr-applied.
Any cxcers sha!l tre renoved.

i {.,1 Iilnqeteslli!$$
Prnprictarv cxrransion joins shell be instrlled br spccitlist wnrkmcn rvho have
bcen tmincd and anproled by rhe joinr's m:nrfaclurcr.

Thc joins shall be i*stallcd stricrlv in accordance *rth the manufactr-lrcr's

rt'cnmmcndatir,:ns anr"i rppror*d by rhe S.O. Tl.ic ;naaulaulurcr shali furnish a two
Jear guoranaer ol silr:siiictory pcrlnrmance including irce ncn,hinding .loint
movcmcnts xnd *aie rr.ighrr':ess oi thc joint assenrbly.

1-r <
Itr{cc.urc!
'Ihc ,.r'alcrstops shail be lrirmctl *,ith sn intcgral rtoss :ctti,,)r'r ;n suirablc ntouirj.
si) as t() pro<1uce a un:lbrm scctlon *'irh a pcrnissiblc vari;liln in dincnsirtn rtl
{}.Srnm. No spliccs *iil bc psJmitred in strarght strips and spe.ini connecrion
preccs shall be *'cll cured in e manner such thar anr- frcc spccial conncction
prcccs shall be fuil moulJcd. During the vuk:enizotion period thc ji:ints shall he
sccurcly hcld hy sulrable clanps. Thc mitcrial irt the lpliccs shall be dcnse :rnd
httm i--'gc nous th roughou t t hc crcrs sdu I :{)n.

The watcrstr.:p si:all bc nf the size and shlpc sho*.n on ihe lrauing. Tle'., shrli
hc dcn:e. hrnir:gcnous.:rnrJ rr'ithout hoies or r,rthrr dcicel.

Tlre m;rnuliicturer sh:ill be rcspr,rnsible for the tesiing, either:n his own or in a
rccognired cclmrnercjal l:boratcn'. irnd shail submit thret t€rtif:ed copies cf lest
rcsrrlts lr: rhc S.O.

sr.{-8