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Axilla

The document provides an overview of the axilla, detailing its boundaries, contents, and the anatomy of the axillary artery and vein. It also covers the structure and drainage of axillary lymph nodes, categorizing them into five groups based on their location and function. The information is aimed at enhancing understanding of the axilla's anatomical features and clinical significance.

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aarav.random05
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47 views52 pages

Axilla

The document provides an overview of the axilla, detailing its boundaries, contents, and the anatomy of the axillary artery and vein. It also covers the structure and drainage of axillary lymph nodes, categorizing them into five groups based on their location and function. The information is aimed at enhancing understanding of the axilla's anatomical features and clinical significance.

Uploaded by

aarav.random05
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Axilla

(AN 10.1,10.2,10.4,10.7)
By Dr. Piyush
Learning objectives
• Boundaries and contents of Axilla

• Axillary artery: origin, extent, course, parts, relations and


branches

• Axillary Vein: origin, extent, course, parts, relations and


tributaries

• Axillary lymph nodes, their drainage & anatomical basis of


their enlargement
Introduction

• Armpit

• Shape: 4 sided Pyramid with truncated apex


Boundaries
• apex: cervico- axillary canal

• Base: axillary fascia

• Anterior wall: Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor, subclavius

• Posterior wall: Subscapularis, latissimus dorsi, teres major

• Medial wall: upper4-5 ribs, intercostal muscles, serratus anterior.

• Lateral wall: bicipital groove containing long head of biceps,


short head of biceps with coracobrachialis.
Contents
• Axillary Artery & its branches

• Axillary vein and its tributaries

• Cords of brachial plexus

• Long thoracic and inter-costobrachial nerves

• Axillary lymph nodes

• Axillary tail of breast

• Fibro-fatty tissue
Axillary Artery
• Continuation of Subclavian artery in axilla.

• Extension:

• From: outer border of 1st rib

• To: Lower border of teres major

• divided in three parts by Pectoralis minor

• continue as brachial artery


Arterial anastomosis around
scapula

• Between 1st part of subclavian & 3rd part of axillary

• Places:

• Around body of scapula

• over acromion process


Axillary vein
• Formed at lower border of teres major

• Formed by union of Basilic vein + venae commitantes


of brachial artery

• lies Medial to axillary artery

• continue as subclavian vein at outer border of 1st rib

• Tributaries: veins accompanying branches of axillary


artery + cephalic vein
Brachial plexus
Axillary lymph nodes

• Scattered in fibrofatty tissue

• along axillary vein and its tributaries


• Divided in 5 groups:

• pectoral/ Anterior group:

• along lateral thoracic vein

• drain upper trunk anterior part

• subscapular/ posterior group:

• along subscapular vein

• drain upper trunk posterior part

• lateral group:

• along upper part of axillary vein

• drain upper limb


• Central group:

• receive lymph from other above groups

• drain in apical group

• infraclavicular/ Apical group:

• terminal axillary lymph group

• drain to subclavian lymph trunk on right side and thoracic


duct on left side
Sentinel lymph node
Axillary lymph palpation
Axillary abcess
thank you

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