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Test-B7 NEET/IIT/B.Tech/B.Sc/Class 11th

BIOLOGY TOPIC: CELLS

1. Which of the following is the basic unit of life?

(A) Tissue
(B) Cell
(C) Organ
(D) Organism
Correct Option: (B) Cell
Explanation: The cell is the smallest unit of life that can perform all life processes.

2. Who discovered the cell?

(A) Robert Hooke
(B) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
(C) Matthias Schleiden
(D) Theodor Schwann
Correct Option: (A) Robert Hooke
Explanation: Robert Hooke discovered cells in 1665 by observing cork under a microscope.

3. Which part of the cell is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

(A) Nucleus
(B) Mitochondrion
(C) Chloroplast
(D) Golgi apparatus
Correct Option: (B) Mitochondrion
Explanation: Mitochondria produce energy in the form of ATP, hence referred to as the powerhouse of the
cell.

4. Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

(A) Mitochondria
(B) Ribosomes
(C) Endoplasmic reticulum
(D) Golgi body
Correct Option: (B) Ribosomes
Explanation: Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in cells.

5. The genetic material in eukaryotic cells is found in the:

(A) Cytoplasm
(B) Nucleus
AURA CLASSES | STREET NO.2, MEDICAL ROAD, ALIGARH | PH. 8791311074
(C) Mitochondria
(D) Golgi apparatus
Correct Option: (B) Nucleus
Explanation: In eukaryotic cells, DNA is enclosed within the nucleus.

6. Which of the following structures is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
(A) Mitochondria
(B) Ribosomes
(C) Chloroplast
(D) Nucleus
Correct Option: (C) Chloroplast
Explanation: Chloroplasts, responsible for photosynthesis, are found only in plant cells.

7. What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

(A) Protein synthesis
(B) Lipid synthesis
(C) ATP synthesis
(D) Photosynthesis
Correct Option: (B) Lipid synthesis
Explanation: The smooth ER is involved in the synthesis of lipids and metabolism of carbohydrates.

8. Which of the following is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus?

(A) Modification of proteins
(B) Packaging of proteins
(C) Protein synthesis
(D) Secretion of enzymes
Correct Option: (C) Protein synthesis
Explanation: Protein synthesis is the function of ribosomes, not the Golgi apparatus.

9. Which structure is responsible for maintaining the shape of a cell?

(A) Nucleus
(B) Plasma membrane
(C) Cytoskeleton
(D) Ribosomes
Correct Option: (C) Cytoskeleton
Explanation: The cytoskeleton provides structural support and maintains the cell's shape.

10. Which type of cell division occurs in somatic cells?

(A) Mitosis
(B) Meiosis
(C) Binary fission
(D) Budding

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Correct Option: (A) Mitosis
Explanation: Mitosis is the process of cell division in somatic cells for growth and repair.

11. In which organelle does the process of photosynthesis occur?

(A) Mitochondria
(B) Nucleus
(C) Chloroplast
(D) Ribosome
Correct Option: (C) Chloroplast
Explanation: Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which is essential for photosynthesis.

12. Which of the following is characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

(A) Presence of nucleus
(B) Absence of nucleus
(C) Presence of mitochondria
(D) Presence of Golgi apparatus
Correct Option: (B) Absence of nucleus
Explanation: Prokaryotic cells lack a defined nucleus; their genetic material is in the cytoplasm.

13. Which of the following is the site of cellular respiration?

(A) Chloroplast
(B) Nucleus
(C) Mitochondrion
(D) Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Option: (C) Mitochondrion
Explanation: Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria to produce energy (ATP).

14. Which of the following is a function of lysosomes?

(A) Protein synthesis
(B) Digestion of cellular waste
(C) Photosynthesis
(D) Lipid synthesis
Correct Option: (B) Digestion of cellular waste
Explanation: Lysosomes contain enzymes that digest waste materials and cellular debris.

15. What is the role of the plasma membrane?

(A) To store genetic material
(B) To transport proteins
(C) To control the movement of substances in and out of the cell
(D) To synthesize ATP
Correct Option: (C) To control the movement of substances in and out of the cell
Explanation: The plasma membrane is selectively permeable, regulating the entry and exit of substances.

AURA CLASSES | STREET NO.2, MEDICAL ROAD, ALIGARH | PH. 8791311074

16. Which of the following structures is absent in red blood cells?
(A) Nucleus
(B) Cytoplasm
(C) Mitochondria
(D) Plasma membrane
Correct Option: (A) Nucleus
Explanation: Mature red blood cells in mammals lack a nucleus to maximize space for hemoglobin.

17. What is the function of the vacuole in plant cells?

(A) Photosynthesis
(B) Storage of water, nutrients, and waste
(C) Protein synthesis
(D) Lipid synthesis
Correct Option: (B) Storage of water, nutrients, and waste
Explanation: Vacuoles store essential substances and help maintain cell turgor.

18. Which of the following statements about mitochondria is correct?

(A) Mitochondria are found only in animal cells
(B) Mitochondria have a double membrane structure
(C) Mitochondria are the site of photosynthesis
(D) Mitochondria are absent in eukaryotic cells
Correct Option: (B) Mitochondria have a double membrane structure
Explanation: Mitochondria have an outer and inner membrane essential for ATP production.

19. The site of ribosome synthesis in the cell is the:

(A) Nucleus
(B) Endoplasmic reticulum
(C) Mitochondrion
(D) Golgi apparatus
Correct Option: (A) Nucleus
Explanation: Ribosome synthesis occurs in the nucleolus, located within the nucleus.

20. Which of the following is an example of an organelle without a membrane?

(A) Ribosome
(B) Nucleus
(C) Golgi apparatus
(D) Mitochondrion
Correct Option: (A) Ribosome
Explanation: Ribosomes are non-membranous organelles involved in protein synthesis.

AURA CLASSES | STREET NO.2, MEDICAL ROAD, ALIGARH | PH. 8791311074

21. Which structure is involved in the production of spindle fibers during cell division?
(A) Nucleus
(B) Centriole
(C) Golgi apparatus
(D) Mitochondrion
Correct Option: (B) Centriole
Explanation: Centrioles help in the formation of spindle fibers, which are essential for the segregation of
chromosomes during cell division.

22. What is present in plant cells but not in animal cells?

(A) Cell membrane
(B) Cell wall
(C) Ribosomes
(D) Nucleus
Correct Option: (B) Cell wall
Explanation: The cell wall, made of cellulose, provides structural support and protection to plant cells and
is absent in animal cells.

23. What is the function of peroxisomes in cells?

(A) Lipid synthesis
(B) Detoxification of harmful substances
(C) Protein synthesis
(D) Photosynthesis
Correct Option: (B) Detoxification of harmful substances
Explanation: Peroxisomes contain enzymes that detoxify harmful substances and break down fatty acids.

24. Which of the following is the main structural component of the plant cell wall?
(A) Cellulose
(B) Chitin
(C) Protein
(D) Peptidoglycan
Correct Option: (A) Cellulose
Explanation: Cellulose is the primary component of plant cell walls, providing rigidity and strength.

25. Which of the following contains the blueprint for protein synthesis in a cell?
(A) Ribosome
(B) DNA
(C) Mitochondrion
(D) Golgi apparatus
Correct Option: (B) DNA
Explanation: DNA carries the genetic information required for protein synthesis in cells.

AURA CLASSES | STREET NO.2, MEDICAL ROAD, ALIGARH | PH. 8791311074

26. What is the primary function of the nucleolus?
(A) Synthesizing RNA and ribosomes
(B) Synthesizing ATP
(C) Storage of genetic material
(D) Synthesizing lipids
Correct Option: (A) Synthesizing RNA and ribosomes
Explanation: The nucleolus is responsible for synthesizing rRNA and assembling ribosomal subunits.

27. Which of the following is true about eukaryotic cells?

(A) They lack a nucleus
(B) They contain membrane-bound organelles
(C) They have a simpler structure than prokaryotic cells
(D) They lack ribosomes
Correct Option: (B) They contain membrane-bound organelles
Explanation: Eukaryotic cells have complex structures, including membrane-bound organelles like the
nucleus, mitochondria, and Golgi apparatus.

28. Which of the following processes occurs in the chloroplast?

(A) Cellular respiration
(B) Photosynthesis
(C) Protein synthesis
(D) Lipid synthesis
Correct Option: (B) Photosynthesis
Explanation: Chloroplasts are the sites of photosynthesis, where light energy is converted into chemical
energy.

29. Which structure in the cell is responsible for producing ATP?

(A) Mitochondria
(B) Golgi apparatus
(C) Ribosome
(D) Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Option: (A) Mitochondria
Explanation: Mitochondria generate ATP through cellular respiration, making them the energy
powerhouse of the cell.

30. Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton?

(A) Protein synthesis
(B) Maintaining the cell's shape
(C) Storing genetic information
(D) Transporting molecules across the membrane
Correct Option: (B) Maintaining the cell's shape
Explanation: The cytoskeleton provides structural support, maintains the cell’s shape, and facilitates
intracellular transport.

AURA CLASSES | STREET NO.2, MEDICAL ROAD, ALIGARH | PH. 8791311074