MAY 2013

COSCAP - Gulf States

MMEL / MEL Seminar 28th & 29th May 2013, Dubai

Presented by
Yannick DUMOLLARD
MEL & Aircraft Dispatch Expert
 MAY 2013

Agenda

• MMEL General Overview

• MMEL and Regulations
• MMEL Rationales
• MMEL Approval Process
• From MMEL to MEL
• Aircraft Failure Monitoring
• Aircraft System Failure Scenario
• Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL

Page 2

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 MAY 2013

MMEL General Overview

Master Minimum Equipment List

….is not….
A list of minimum equipment required to be
operative before dispatch

Faulty
LRU

LRU Line Replaceable Unit

Page 3

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 MAY 2013

MMEL General Overview

Master Minimum Equipment List

….is….

The dispatch document that provides dispatch

assessment & conditions and operational impact
when dispatch with system failure

CS MMEL extract

Page 4

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 MAY 2013

MMEL General Overview

Basically, an aircraft is certified (Type
Certification) with all equipment in
operating condition...

…but even if aircraft are designed

with high reliability equipment and
with system redundancies,…

…aircraft system failure may occur.

Page 5

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 MAY 2013

MMEL General Overview

The MMEL permits

the Operator to

... while ...

Continue Maintaining
revenue flights an acceptable
with system failures level of safety

Page 6

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 MAY 2013

MMEL General Overview

Acceptable level of Safety

System inoperative for a limited period of time with

associated dispatch conditions in compliance with MMEL
rules addressing:

• Airworthiness aspects (Safety, Certification)

• Operational aspects (Performance limitations
flight crew procedures & workload)

Page 7

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 MAY 2013

Agenda

• MMEL General Overview

• MMEL and Regulations
• MMEL Rationales
• MMEL Approval Process
• From MMEL to MEL
• Aircraft Failure Monitoring
• Aircraft System Failure Scenario
• Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL

Page 8

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 MAY 2013

MMEL and Regulations

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 MAY 2013

MMEL and Regulations - ICAO Requirement

ICAO Annex 6 - MMEL Definition – Master Minimum Equipment List
A list established for a particular aircraft type by the organization
responsible for the type design with the approval of the State of
Design containing items, one or more of which is permitted to be
unserviceable at the commencement of a flight.
The MMEL may be associated with special operating conditions,
limitations or procedures.

ICAO Annex 6 - MEL Definition - Minimum Equipment List

A list which provides for the operation of aircraft, subject to
specified conditions, with particular equipment inoperative,
prepared by an operator in conformity with, or more restrictive
than, the MMEL established for the aircraft type.

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 MAY 2013

MMEL and Regulations - ICAO Requirement

ICAO Annex 6, 6.1.2
• The operator shall include in the operations manual a minimum
equipment list (MEL), approved by the State of the Operator which will
enable the pilot-in-command to determine whether a flight may be
commenced or continued from any intermediate stop should any
instrument, equipment or systems become inoperative.

• Where the State of the Operator is not the State of Registry, the State
of the Operator shall ensure that the MEL does not affect the
airplane's compliance with the airworthiness requirements applicable
in the State of Registry.

• Attachment G contains guidance on the elaboration and use of the

MMEL/MEL.

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 MAY 2013

MMEL and Regulations - EASA Requirement

Basic Regulations
Article 8 – Annex IV
• An Operator must establish a Minimum Equipment List (MEL) or
equivalent document based on the Master Minimum Equipment List
(MMEL), if available.

Implementing Rule for Air Operations

Article ORO.MLR.105
• The MEL document is prepared by the Operator for his own particular
aircraft taking account of their aircraft configuration and all those
individual variables that cannot be addressed at MMEL level.

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 MAY 2013

MMEL and Regulations - EASA Requirement

CS MMEL (to be issued by end 2013)
• Book 1 “Certification Specifications”
• Book 2 “Acceptable Means of Compliance”

Former JAA MMEL Procedures Manual

• Manual is based on the Policy and Procedures manual developed by
Transport Canada, TP 9155E. It has been compiled to provide a
centralised source of guidance information to facilitate the review and
standardisation of JAA MMELs and MELs.

Former JAR-MMEL/MEL
• Provides guidelines to create/use an MMEL and an MEL.

Page 13

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 MAY 2013

MMEL and Regulations - FAA Requirement

FAR 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Section 91-213 inoperative instruments and equipment
• The operating rules allow the use of a minimum equipment list to
dispatch with inoperative equipment.

FAR 121 / FAR 135 Operating Requirements

Section 121-628/ Inoperable instruments and equipment
Section 135-179/ inoperable instruments and equipment
• MMEL FOEB process & MEL.

Page 14

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 MAY 2013

MMEL and Regulations - CAAC Requirement

CCAR 121 / CCAR 135 Operating Requirements
• Based on FAR 121 / FAR 135.

AC 121 / 135-49
• Guidance for developing and approval of aircraft MMEL and MEL.

Page 15

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 MAY 2013

Agenda

• MMEL General Overview

• MMEL and Regulations
• MMEL Rationales
• MMEL Approval Process
• From MMEL to MEL
• Aircraft Failure Monitoring
• Aircraft System Failure Scenario
• Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL

Page 16

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

The MMEL permits

the Operator to

... while ...

Continue Maintaining
revenue flights an acceptable
with system failures level of safety

Page 17

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

Acceptable level of Safety

CS MMEL extract

Page 18

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

Maintaining an Acceptable level of Safety

Acceptable level of
Compensating
safety for the function
precautions
- Dispatch conditions
- Procedures Level of safety with
- Limitations function fully operative

Level of safety with

component inoperative
affecting the function
Different
components part Component A Component B Component C
of the same failed failed failed
function

GO GO IF NO GO

Page 19

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

CS MMEL extract

Page 20

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

Qualitative Safety Assessment

Hazard classification Hazard classification of the
Catastrophic consequence of the failure to be
Hazardous assessed:
Major - At dispatch, and
Minor - During flight when combined with
Non Safety Effect next worst safety related failure.

CS 25-1309 extract

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

…continued
CS MMEL extract

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

…continued

CS MMEL extract

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

Quantitative Safety Assessment

Maximum Probability Maximum Probability

Hazard
per Flight Hour per Flight Hour
classification
(operation without failure) (operation under MMEL)

Catastrophic 10E9 10E8 to 10E7*

Hazardous 10E7 10E6 to 10E5*
Major 10E5 -
Minor 10E3 -
Non Safety Effect - -

* With limitation on allowable dispatch time

Page 24

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales
• The MMEL is not intended to allow the aircraft operation
with inoperative equipment for an unlimited period of time…

• The Rectification Intervals are required by Regulations:

• To maintain an acceptable level of safety
• To avoid degraded maintenance

Page 25

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

Rectification
B C D
Interval
Calendar days 3 10 120
(excluding the day
of discovery)

• Rectification Interval A
No standard interval specified
Interval defined during quantitative assessment or by engineering
judgment
This interval may be reflected by number of flight hours, number
of flights…

Page 26

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

CS MMEL extract

Page 27

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

Quantitative Safety Assessment

For Catastrophic failure conditions

CS MMEL extract

Page 28

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

Quantitative Safety Assessment

For Hazardous failure conditions

CS MMEL extract

Page 29

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

MMEL project document

Page 30

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

Proposal of MMEL Item &

associated dispatch
conditions as expected to be
issued in MMEL document

Main reason of MMEL Item

change with synthesis of
technical rationales

Page 31

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

The MMEL project is always structured as per following paragraphs

Page 32

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

This paragraph describes the technical

configuration of the aircraft required at dispatch

Page 34

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

This paragraph describes the cockpit or the

maintenance effect associated to the failure of the item

Page 35

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

This paragraph provides the consequences and

the operational impact with dispatch under MMEL

Page 36

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

This paragraph evaluates the consequences of

the next worst safety-related failure

Page 37

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

This paragraph describes the

purpose of the operational
procedure

Page 38

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Rationales

This paragraph describes the purpose of the maintenance procedure

Page 39

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 MAY 2013

Agenda

• MMEL General Overview

• MMEL and Regulations
• MMEL Rationales
• MMEL Approval Process
• From MMEL to MEL
• Aircraft Failure Monitoring
• Aircraft System Failure Scenario
• Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL

Page 40

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Approval Process

All Airbus aircraft MMELs are written by AIRBUS and

approved by EASA (endorsed by CAAC)
The FAA MMEL is written by FAA and approved by FAA
Page 41

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Approval Process

MMEL projects are established by Airbus

MMEL specialist with support of:
- Design Office (Aircraft system)
- Safety
MMEL projects can be also supported when
required by:
- Performance & Load
- Certification
- Flight simulator & Flight Test
- Maintenance
MMEL projects are submitted to EASA & FAA for approval

Page 42

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 MAY 2013

MMEL Approval Process

MMEL projects are evaluated by EASA & FAA through:

- The MMEL Operational Evaluation Board (OEB) for EASA
- The Flight Operations Evaluation Board (FOEB) for FAA
FAA
Typical composition of MMEL OEB (FOEB):
- MMEL Expert
- Pilot
- Maintenance
MMEL OEB (FOEB) Chairman is always an Authorities member

MMEL projects may be also reviewed internally by EASA or FAA

by Certification or other experts

Page 43

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 MAY 2013

Agenda

• MMEL General Overview

• MMEL and Regulations
• MMEL Rationales
• MMEL Approval Process
• From MMEL to MEL
• Aircraft Failure Monitoring
• Aircraft System Failure Scenario
• Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL

Page 44

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL

Master Minimum Equipment List

….is….
The dispatch document that provides dispatch
assessment & conditions and operational impact
when dispatch with system failure

The MMEL is in electronic format to be consulted

on a screen in the cockpit

Page 45

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

MMEL has 3 main sections:
MMEL Entries
MMEL Items
MMEL Operational Procedures

MMEL maintenance procedures are available in the Aircraft Maintenance

Manual (AMM) only through the AirN@v maintenance application

Page 46

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

MMEL Entries:
 Main entry point to consult the MMEL
 Permits from a cockpit effect* or from a system malfunctioning to
assess the dispatch condition

Cockpit effect* is an attention getter associated with aircraft system failure

- ECAM alert
- amber indication on ECAM System Display (SD) page, FAULT light on, …

Page 47

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

MMEL Entries:
 ECAM Alerts
 Crew Observations
To help the dispatch assessment for defects detected in the cockpit or
during walkaround that are not covered by an ECAM alert

Page 48

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

MMEL Entries – ECAM Alert:
ELEC GEN 3 FAULT
 Listed by ECAM system
 Sorted in Alphabetical order
 Factorized if possible

Page 49

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

MMEL Entries – ECAM Alert:
 Provides the applicable dispatch condition
 Aim is to avoid maintenance troubleshooting

ECAM alert title and factorized

“Refer to Item condition” or

Brief information on the failure case “No Dispatch”, or
to find the applicable MMEL condition “Not Related to MEL”

Page 50

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

Direct link to associated MMEL item:

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

MMEL Entries – Crew Observation:
 Mainly covers “No Dispatch” or particular cases
 Sorted by System and then by alphabetical order

Page 52

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

Example Crew Observation:

Page 53

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

MMEL Items:
Listed by system following the ATA Breakdown

Page 54

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

For legibility, only first two digits are compliant with ATA breakdown
 Group of MMEL Items related to cockpit panel
 Group of MMEL Items related to indications on a System Display page

Page 55

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

Label of MMEL item condition (example 21-50-04A) is a unique

reference for one technical dispatch condition across the fleet

Page 56

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

For MMEL items with several dispatch conditions, dispatch condition title:
 Guides Line Maintenance to determine the correct dispatch condition
 Helps Flight crew to accept the aircraft with the correct condition applied

Page 57

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

MMEL Items
 symbol provides link to a single flight crew procedure
 symbol provides link and reference to a single maintenance
procedure (available through AirN@v)

Page 58

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

MMEL Items (o) and symbols
 When relevant, symbol may be in front of the proviso to indicate who applies the
procedure (flight or maintenance crew)

Page 59

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

MMEL Items may be associated with operational procedures
 Listed by system with simplified ATA Breakdown (same as MMEL Items)
 Reference of the operational procedure in line with the associated MMEL
Item dispatch condition

Direct access via the hyperlink from the MMEL item dispatch condition

Page 60

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

MMEL Operational Procedures may include:
Information on expected aircraft system effects under MMEL

Procedures

Impact on fuel planning: Fuel consumption increase, fuel uplift…

Impact on takeoff and landing performance

Impact on Load sheet: ZFW, ZFWCG, cargo loading…

Impact on landing capability: CAT 1, CAT 2, CAT 3

Impact on RNP, RVSM, FANS

Page 61

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

MMEL Reference and Definitions:
MMEL Preamble in “MMEL Items” section as approved by Authorities
MMEL How to Use in “General Information” section as reviewed by Authorities
but not approved
 Provides additional guidance, definitions compared to MMEL Preamble

Page 62

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

Maintenance procedures are available in the AMM through AirN@v
The AMM task reference is given by clicking on the symbol
On the aircraft, the hyperlink opens the AMM task via the symbol

Page 63

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

MMEL Maintenance procedures can be found in AirN@v in the AMM via:
 The AMM task reference, or
 The MMEL item reference number and condition label
AMM Tab  Task by MMEL/CDL  Enter the MMEL item condition numbering
(example: 21-21-01A or 21-21-01*)

Page 64

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

Some MMEL items have an impact on the aircraft performance
during takeoff or Landing:
Brakes
Spoilers
Engine anti-ice valve stuck open
…

These MMEL items are automatically linked to Takeoff or Landing

Performance application:
Performance impact automatically computed

Page 65

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

When MMEL item is activated, performance application is automatically updated

Page 66

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

MMEL procedure provides the name of the MEL item in the performance
application:
To check that the MEL item is activated
To manually enter the MEL item if the automatic link is not available

Page 67

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

Manual selection in the performance application of the MEL item provided in the (o)
procedure:

Page 68

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

Page 69

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Description

• The impacts on flight planning and Load sheet are provided in the MMEL
operational procedures:
Fuel consumption increase
Fuel uplift
Additional weight margin to compute TOW and takeoff data (speeds,
flex temperature...)
Impact on ZFWCG, TOCG
Cargo and cabin loading
Approach capability: CAT 1, CAT 2, CAT 3
Impact on RNP, RVSM, FANS

• There is no automatic link with performance or Load sheet application for

the above impacts

Page 70

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - MMEL Revision

MMEL Revision:
• MMEL is updated almost every month mainly due to:
• In-service events
• Feedback from training and operators
• Systems evolution

MMEL MMEL MMEL MMEL MMEL

Rev Rev Rev Rev Rev
Jan Feb Mar Apr May

Page 71

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - MMEL Revision

MMEL Revision
• Complete MMEL is delivered at each revision
• Airline chooses adapted periodicity to receive MMEL revisions

MMEL MMEL MMEL MMEL MMEL

Rev Rev Rev Rev Rev
Jan Feb Mar Apr May

Airline Airline Airline

MMEL MMEL
Rev Jan Rev Apr

Page 72

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - MMEL Revision

MMEL Urgent Revision
• In case of urgent update, an MMEL revision is sent to all impacted
operators:
• Entire MMEL sent with only the urgent change
• For example: MMEL item becomes NO DISPATCH

MMEL MMEL MMEL MMEL MMEL

Rev Rev Rev Rev Rev
Jan Feb Mar Apr May

Airline Airline Airline Airline

MMEL MMEL MMEL
Rev Jan Urgent Rev Rev Apr

Page 73

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - MMEL Revision

• Where are MMEL Revisions?
On Airbusworld Portal, in the Technical Data Download service:

Page 74

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - MMEL Revision

The periodicity to receive MMEL Revision is a balance between:

• Frequency of updates
• Level of customization
• Airline organization to manage data
 A380: 3 months periodicity is a good compromise

 A320, A330, A340: 6 months periodicity is a good compromise

Page 75

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - MMEL Revision

Important MMEL Changes with operational impacts and improvement are
available on AirbusWorld:
Help to assess impacts, priorities and workload for MEL team
Help to provide operational improvement in advance to maintenance

E-mail notification of MMEL Changes sent automatically to Operator

Page 76

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Customization

• MMEL is the baseline to create the MEL

• MEL cannot be less restrictive than MMEL
• MMEL to be customized into MEL:
To reflect local authorities rules

To reflect Airline specific procedures

To reflect cabin layout

Page 77

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Customization

As Required
by regulations
For some equipment, dispatch conditions depend on local Authorities.

• Some guidelines are currently available from the JAA TGL 26:
Document available on: http://easa.europa.eu/certification/experts/OEB-
supporting-documents.php

Page 78

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Customization

As Required
by regulations

Guidelines for MEL item Cabin Door

Possible passenger reduction may be required:
• JAA TGL 26 provides guidance for MEL elaboration. As EASA is taking over, the JAA
TGL 26 is being replaced by EASA CS-MMEL/MMEL Items Guidance Book still under
draft
• The CAA FODCOM covering dispatch with an inoperative door provides a method to
calculate passengers restrictions

Guidelines for MEL item Floor Path Marking System

Compliance document may be provided by Airbus regarding the

requirements for the FPMS lights
Page 79

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Customization

Alternate
Procedures

• In order to provide flexibility to each Airline operations, some

alternative procedures remain to be defined.
• Both MMEL Items and MMEL Operational Procedures are concerned.

MMEL Items section Operational Procedures section

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Customization

Alternate
Procedures Guidelines for MEL items Smoke Detection

A380 MMEL: Time between inspections not specified: depends on local Authorities.

Recommended time period suggested by Airbus between inspections is:

• 30 minutes if the associated compartment or area is located within the cabin, meaning on
the main deck or upper deck.
26-13-01 Main/Upper Deck Lavatory Smoke Detection
26-14-01 FCRC Smoke Detection
Applicable to: 26-14-06 Main Deck Dressing Room Smoke Detection (Door 1R) (If Installed)
26-14-14 Upper Deck Social Area Smoke Detection (If Installed)
26-14-15 Crew Stowage Smoke Detection (If Installed)

• 15 minutes for the compartments located on the lower deck.

The recommended 30min period between inspections for compartment on the main or upper
deck is based on tests performed, in particular for the lavatory.

Page 81

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Customization

Alternate
Procedures Guidelines for Electronic Flight Bag

A380 NSS OIS MEL items

Alternate procedures should be defined for operations with NSS OIS
failures
• The MMEL operational procedures describe all the consequences in order to
help put in place alternate for procedure for each consequence
• Airbus OIS Dispatch Considerations may be provided as an help

NSS Network Server System

OIS Onboard Information System

Page 82

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Customization

Airline Policy
MEL Preamble
• Possibility to add definitions and MEL use policies in the MMEL
Preamble or How to Use section, in particular:
• Placard policy (type of placards and locations)
• Airline policy regarding application of MEL after pushback
guidelines regarding communication between pilot and MCC

Failure confirmed

Read all a/c status to Read Activate

Consult Dispatch Conditions
select condition of conditions MEL item
MEL Entries permitted? fulfilled? (m)?
dispatch & (o) Perform (o)

For some crew obs:

Consult MEL Items

Maintenance

Page 83

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Customization

Airline Policy
MEL Preamble

• Possibility to add non-safety related items or commercial items

(e.g. Trolley Lift, Heated Floor Panel, Galleys…)
• Possibility to add definitions and MEL use policies in the Preamble

Page 84

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Customization

Airline Policy
MEL Preamble

• A330 RNP/FANS impacts under MEL:

• RNP limitation
MMEL How to Use section provides the information to be used: FCOM

Note: CAT2/CAT3, RVSM, ETOPS operations impacts covered in the MMEL

Page 85

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Customization

Airline Policy
MEL Preamble

• A330 RNP/FANS impacts under MEL:

• FANS limitation
MMEL How To Use section provides information to used: Airbus “Getting to
Grips with FANS” available on AirbusWorld

Page 86

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Customization

If Installed

Depending on cabin layout, items can be removed

Note: Consider related MMEL Entry (ECAM alert) and/or Operational Procedure:

Page 87

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Customization

Nbr Installed
Nbr Required

• When the “Nbr Installed” or “Nbr Required” is unknown, the proviso

helps to determine the “Nbr Required”.
Depending on the cabin layout, “-” should be replaced

Page 88

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Customization

AMM reference
Number

• When no AMM task reference number is displayed, the reference number

may be added manually in the MEL:
• In Airbus MMEL, no AMM task reference number is displayed when the
reference number is different depending on the aircraft system or equipment
configuration

• If only one aircraft configuration exists in the airline fleet, the AMM task
reference is unique and can be added in the MEL

Page 89

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Customization

“Refer to “

• Items with “Refer to” another item

When for an item, the dispatch conditions refers to an item “as required
by regulations”, an hyperlink is made in MMEL

Page 90

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 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Customization

Misc

• Other customization possibilities:

Addition of symbols in MEL items to highlight impacts provided in MMEL
operational procedures:
• Impact on Performance Applications
• Impact on approach capabilities
• Impact on Flight Planning (Load sheet, Fuel consumption…)

Page 91

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

From MMEL to MEL - Customization

Customization Process

As Required Alternate Airline Policy Nbr Installed Airline Users

If Installed Nbr Required
by regulations Procedures MEL Preamble Review

Replace by Define Check that Remove Replace “-” Internal

applicable applicable all users applicable with the review prior
dispatch procedures understand items actual to approval
depending depending definitions depending number of by
on national on Airlines and on layout items Authorities
regulations policy procedures installed

Page 92

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Agenda

• MMEL General Overview

• MMEL and Regulations
• MMEL Rationales
• MMEL Approval Process
• From MMEL to MEL
• Aircraft Failure Monitoring
• Aircraft System Failure Scenario
• Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL

Page 93

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft Failure Monitoring

Page 94

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 MAY 2013

Aircraft Failure Monitoring

• At the initial design stage of an aircraft, identification of any
potential failure and its consequence is made through:
• Functional Hazard Assessment (FHA)
• Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)

• Analysis are done:

• As a single failure
• In combination with one or several other failures

• System failures which are monitored are reflected by maintenance

message displayed by the Centralized Fault Display System
(CFDS) or the Central Maintenance System (CMS)
• Maintenance messages are classified according to their importance

Page 95

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 MAY 2013

Aircraft Failure Monitoring

• Depending on their consequence, system failure may require
flight crew attention in the cockpit through the Electronic
Centralized Aircraft Monitoring (ECAM):
• ECAM warning
• ECAM caution
• ECAM message (e.g. MAINTENANCE message on STATUS page)

• Additional attention getters are available in the cockpit

• ECAM System Display
• Advisory
• Amber indication
• Pushbutton caption light (FAULT, OFF, DISC, OVRD,…)
These attention getters are named “Cockpit Effect”
Page 96

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft Failure Monitoring

A320 Family

Fault Message

Operational
Consequences

Refer to MMEL
 

Scheduled
Maintenance

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3

Page 97

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft Failure Monitoring

A330/A340 Family

Fault Message

Operational
Consequences

Refer to MMEL
 

Scheduled
Maintenance

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3

Page 98

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft Failure Monitoring - A320/A330/A340 Family

CMS/CFDS Message Class 1 Class 2 Class 3
Operational Yes No No
Consequence
Effect Yes to Flight Crew Yes to Flight Crew No effect: message
Automatically displayed Available on ECAM Only to
- Warning or caution STATUS SD page Maintenance
- Message on ECAM
display unit
- Flag on PFD, ND or SD
- Indication in the flight
deck or in the cabin
Dispatch Yes: Refer to MMEL No NO
Consequence GO/GO IF/NO GO GO without condition MMEL not applicable
Repairs must be made : - No fix time quoted
- Within 10 days for SA for corrections
- Within 800 FH for LR

Indication to AUTOMATIC PRINTOUT AT THE END OF Yes, on request

Maintenance EACH FLIGHT : Post Flight Report through CFDS/CMS
CFDS (Single Aisle) CLASS 3 report
CMS (Long Range)

Page 99

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft Failure Monitoring - A380

Fault Message

Class 4 becomes
Class 1 after
defined operation time
Operational
Consequences

Refer to MMEL

Scheduled
Maintenance
Class 1 & (2)
 
Class 4 & 5 Class 6
Class 3
Page 100 Cabin Effect
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
 MAY 2013

Aircraft Failure Monitoring - A380

CMS Cockpit items (Class 1) associated with a cockpit effect

Associated cockpit effect is the reference to enter the MMEL

CMS Cabin items (Class 3) associated with a cabin effect

Not MMEL relevant (not listed in the MMEL)

Dispatch is permitted
May be MEL relevant

Page 101

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft Failure Monitoring - A380

CMS Pending items with a timer (Class 4)

Before the end of the timer, fault message indicated on CMS only
Not MMEL relevant (not listed in the MMEL) Dispatch is permitted

When the timer expires, in addition

to the fault message indicated on MAINTENANCE TIME LIMITED ITEM
CMS, a generic ECAM alert appears ENG 1 TIME LIMITED ITEM

Page 102

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft Failure Monitoring - A380

CMS Pending items with a timer (Class 4)

When the timer expires, dispatch is permitted under MMEL

All CMS Pending items with an expired timer must be repaired to clear the
ENG 1(2)(3)(4) (MAINTENANCE) TIME LIMITED ITEM alert

Page 103

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft Failure Monitoring - A380

CMS Pending items without timer (Class 5)

Not MMEL relevant (not listed in the MMEL)

Dispatch is permitted
Note: Combination of CMS Pending items messages (without timer)
may lead to CMS Cockpit items message, thus cockpit effect

CMS Minor items (Class 6)

Not MMEL relevant (not listed in the MMEL)

Dispatch is permitted

Page 104

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft Failure Monitoring - A380

Cockpit items Cabin items Pending items Pending items Minor Items
CMS Message Includes class 2 with timer without timer
Class 1 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6
Operational Yes Maybe No No No
Consequence
Effect Yes for flight crew Yes for cabin No No No
- Warning or caution crew until the end of
- Message or flag on - Indication in the timer:
PFD, ND or SD the cabin MAINTENANCE
- Other Indication in TIME LIMITED
the flight deck or in or ENG TIME
the cabin LIMITED ITEM
Dispatch Yes: Refer to Maybe No No
Consequence MMEL covered in Go without MMEL not applicable
condition until timer - No fix time quoted
GO/GO IF/NO GO MEL expires + 20 days
for corrections
for MAINTENANCE
TIME LIMITED or +
50fh for ENG
TIME LIMITED
ITEM alert

Indication to Post Flight Report on CMS

Maintenance
Page 105

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft Failure Monitoring - A350

FAULTS WITH
CMS Message COCKPIT CABIN MAINTENANCE NO EFFECT
Operational Yes Maybe No
Consequence
Effect Yes for flight crew Yes for Yes for No effect
- Dispatch Message cabin maintenance crew
- Warning or caution crew
- Message or flag on PFD, - Indication
ND or SD
in the cabin
- Other Indication in the flight
deck or in the cabin

Dispatch Yes: Refer to MMEL via Maybe May be covered No impact (not
Consequence the dispatch message covered in in MMEL MMEL related)
GO/GO IF/NO GO MEL - No fix time quoted
for corrections

Indication to Post Flight Report in CMS

Maintenance
Page 106

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Agenda

• MMEL General Overview

• MMEL and Regulations
• MMEL Rationales
• MMEL Approval Process
• From MMEL to MEL
• Aircraft Failure Monitoring
• Aircraft System Failure Scenario
• Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL

Page 107

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

From Technical Logbook entry

BRAKES RELEASED
BRK 9/10 NORM RELEASED

Page 108

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 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

Maintenance
Consult MEL Entries
Always consult MEL Entries to find the applicable CONDITION OF DISPATCH
Hyperlink from the CMS or e-logbook

Manual access to the MEL Entries section

Page 109

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

Maintenance
Consult MEL Entries

Read all AIRCRAFT STATUS to find applicable CONDITION OF DISPATCH

Example

Page 110

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

Maintenance Flight Dispatch
Check MEL Item dispatch conditions

From the MEL Entry, use hyperlink in the CONDITION OF DISPATCH column to
access to the applicable MEL item

Page 111

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

For MEL items with several dispatch conditions titles are being introduced:
 Guides Line Maintenance to determine the correct dispatch condition
 Helps Flight crew to accept the aircraft with the correct condition applied

Page 112

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

Maintenance Flight Dispatch
Check MEL Item dispatch conditions
When applicable, use hyperlink and read the procedure:
 Limitations: Performance impact, landing capability, fuel consumption
increase, fuel uplift....
 Checks to be performed
 Information on indications under MMEL

Page 113

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

Flight Dispatch

• The impacts on flight planning and Load sheet are provided in the MMEL
operational procedures:
Fuel consumption increase
Fuel uplift
Additional weight margin to compute TOW and takeoff data (speeds,
flex temperature...)
Impact on ZFWCG, TOCG
Cargo and cabin loading
Approach capability: CAT 1, CAT 2, CAT 3
Impact on RNP, RVSM, FANS

• There is no automatic link with performance or Load sheet application for

the above impacts

Page 114

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

Maintenance
Check MEL Item dispatch conditions
When applicable, use hyperlink and apply the procedure
 Electrical or physical deactivation
 Checks
 Specific refuel

Page 115

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

Maintenance
Report in Technical Logbook
Tick the applicable MEL item condition to pre-select the item in the e-logbook
and for flight crew

32-42-03C

LEFT SIDE BRAKE

32-42-00-040-801

Page 116

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

Flight Crew
As per Standard Operating Procedures
Preliminary Cockpit Preparation:
RCL pushbutton.......PRESS

F/CTL PRIM 1 FAULT

Page 117

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

LOGBOOK CHECK: Flight Crew
MEL ITEM.....CHECK/NOTE

Page 118

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

Flight Crew
MEL ITEM....CHECK DISPATCH CONDITIONS

Page 119

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

Flight Crew
MEL ITEM....CHECK DISPATCH CONDITIONS
Hyperlink from the LOGBOOK STATUS page

Manual access to the MEL Items section

Page 120

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

Flight Crew
MEL ITEM....CHECK DISPATCH CONDITIONS
ECAM LIST pb permits to retrieve the MEL Entry

Page 121

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

Flight Crew
MEL ITEM....CHECK DISPATCH CONDITIONS
When applicable, use hyperlink and read the procedure:
Checks to be performed
Information on ECAM indications under MMEL

Page 122

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

Flight Crew
MEL ITEM.... ACTIVATE
Tick the applicable MEL item condition to automatically update the Takeoff
and Landing performance applications

Page 123

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

Flight Crew
MEL ITEM..............CHECK ACTIVATED
Check that Takeoff performance application is updated

Page 124

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

Flight Crew
Flight Crew can also manually add MEL item in Takeoff and Landing
performance applications

Page 125

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft System Failure Scenario

Maintenance Flight Dispatch Flight Crew

Flight Dispatch

Perform (m)
Maintenance

Check MEL Tech Logbook

conditions & (o)

Consult
Maintenance MEL Entries
MEL ITEM….CHECK

Flight Crew
MEL ITEM….ACTIVATE

Page 126

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Agenda

• MMEL General Overview

• MMEL and Regulations
• MMEL Rationales
• MMEL Approval Process
• From MMEL to MEL
• Aircraft Failure Monitoring
• Aircraft System Failure Scenario
• Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL

Page 127

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL - RIE

• Rectification Interval Extension (RIE)
Dispatch of the aircraft is not allowed after expiry of the Rectification
Interval specified in the MEL unless the Rectification Interval is
extended in accordance with the MMEL

CS MMEL extract

Part-ARO Authority Requirements for Air Operations

Part-ORO Organisation Requirements for Air Operations

Page 128

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL - RIE

EU Regulation 965/2012

EU Regulation 965/2012 extract

Part-ARO
This Annex “establishes requirements for the administration and
management system to be fulfilled by the Agency and Member States [...]
regarding civil aviation air operations”

Page 129

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 MAY 2013

Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL - RIE

EU Regulation 965/2012 extract

Page 130

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL - RIE

Part-ORO
SUBPART GEN
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

SUBPART AOC
The Subpart MLR AIR OPERATOR CERTIFICATION

Manuals, Logs and Records SUBPART MLR

MANUALS, LOGS AND RECORDS

 Describes requirements for SUBPART SEC

Operations Manual SECURITY

 MEL SUBPART FC
FLIGHT CREW
 Record-keeping
SUBPART CC
CABIN CREW

SUBPART TC
TECHNICAL CREW IN HEMS, HHO OR NVIS OPERATIONS

Part-ORO
This Annex “establishes requirements to be followed by an air operator
conducting commercial air transport operations”

Page 131

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL - RIE

EU Regulation 965/2012 extract

Page 132

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 MAY 2013

Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL - Derogations

Operator (EASA member) may grant continued aircraft
operation beyond MEL on a case by case basis

EU Regulation 965/2012 extract

Page 133

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 MAY 2013

Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL - Derogations

EU Regulation 216/2008 extract

Page 134

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 MAY 2013

Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL - Derogations

Before…
• Airbus provided on a case by case basis “No Technical Objection”
(NTO) to operators for allowing continued operations beyond
MMEL requirements

• However, the scope of the NTO has been clarified

OIT: No Technical Objection document (NTO) scope of application
Ref: 999.0042/12 dated 15 May 2012

• The No Technical Objection (NTO) as referred to in the European

airworthiness rules Part 21 is a technical statement provided by
the Type-Certificate holder (TC) to a Supplemental Type-
Certificate applicant (STC)

Page 135

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL - Derogations

Now…
• Airbus provide “Statement of Technical Concurrence” on a case by
case basis to operators for allowing continued operations beyond
MMEL requirements

Page 136

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 MAY 2013

Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL - Derogations

Now…
• STC is not approved by EASA and it is to the operator to
determine if the applications of the provisions and limitations
require his National Aviation Authority approval (see disclaimer)

Page 137

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Aircraft Dispatch Beyond MEL - Derogations

Coming next…
Airbus initiated discussions with EASA to develop a new process
covering these deviations. This new process and associated
document will be linked to compliance with the future amendment
of the EASA Regulations Part 21 to cover MMEL activities
(Operational Suitability Data)

This Part 21 amendment is expected to be published by end of

2013 with a 2 years transition period

The replacement of the current statement of technical concurrence

process by the new process and associated document will be
accomplished during this transition period

Page 138

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

Thank you for your attention

Page 139

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

 MAY 2013

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document. This document and all information contained herein is the sole property of AIRBUS S.A.S. No intellectual property rights are granted by the
delivery of this document or the disclosure of its content. This document shall not be reproduced or disclosed to a third party without the express written consent of AIRBUS S.A.S. This document and its content shall not be
used for any purpose other than that for which it is supplied. The statements made herein do not constitute an offer. They are based on the mentioned assumptions and are expressed in good faith. Where the supporting
grounds for these statements are not shown, AIRBUS S.A.S. will be pleased to explain the basis thereof.
AIRBUS, its logo, A300, A310, A318, A319, A320, A321, A330, A340, A350, A380, A400M are registered trademarks.

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