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Relay Cropping

Agronomy is a vital branch of agriculture focused on the science and economics of crop production, emphasizing efficient management of soil, water, and labor. Field crops are classified into garden, plantation, and field crops, with agronomy specifically dealing with field crops and their production technologies. Cropping methods include monocropping and multiple cropping, which can be further divided into sequential cropping, intercropping, and mixed cropping.

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72 views2 pages

Relay Cropping

Agronomy is a vital branch of agriculture focused on the science and economics of crop production, emphasizing efficient management of soil, water, and labor. Field crops are classified into garden, plantation, and field crops, with agronomy specifically dealing with field crops and their production technologies. Cropping methods include monocropping and multiple cropping, which can be further divided into sequential cropping, intercropping, and mixed cropping.

Uploaded by

bhabani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction

A man without food for three days will quarrel, for a week will fight and for a
month or so will die”. Agriculture is a branch of applied science. Agriculture is the
science and art of farming including cultivating the soil, producing crops and
raising livestock. It is the most important enterprise in the world.

Among all the branches of agriculture, agronomy occupies a pivotal position and is
regarded as the ‘mother’ or ‘primary’ branch.The word Agronomy has been
derived from two Greek words i.e., ‘agros’ meaning field and ‘nomos’ meaning to
manage. Literally it means the art of managing fields and technically it means the
science and economics of crop production. In other words it is the art and
underlying science in production and improvement of field crops with the efficient
use of soil fertility, water, labour and other factors related to crop production.
Agronomy is the field of study and practice of ways and means of production of
food, feed andfibre crops. Thus, agronomy as a branch of agricultural sciences
deals with principles and practices of field management for the production of field
crops.

Classification

Classification of field crops is necessary to know the adaptation,habitat,life


cycle, nutrient requirement, insect-pest and disease reaction of crops, so that an
appropriate production technology could be developed and adopted
for maximum productivity at minimum cost.

Crop plants are grouped into three main classes according to the range of
cultivation. They are as follows

Garden Crops: Crop plants that are grown on a small scale in


gardens such as kitchen gardens, flower gardens and
backyard gardens.

Plantation Crops:Crop plants that are grown on a larger scale


on estates. They are perennial or permanent in nature.

Field Crops: Crop plants that are grown on a vast scale. They
are mostly seasonal.

Among these three classes agronomy deals with field crops only. Field crops are
classified in many ways. According to economic or agrarian or
agricultural classification or classification according to use of crop plants and their
products, field crops are classified as follows.

Methods of Cropping

Monocropping /Sole Cropping: One crop or variety is grown alone in


pure stands at normal density season after season or year after year
in the same field.

Multiple Cropping: Cultivation of two or more crops on the same


piece of land in a year.The intensification of cropping is in terms of
time and space dimensions. Multiple cropping systems can be
classified as follows.

A. Sequential cropping
B. Intercropping
C. Mixed cropping

Sequential Cropping: Growing of two or more crops in sequence on


the same piece of land in the same year.The succeeding crop is
planted or sown only after harvest of the preceding crop. The crop
intensification is only in terms of time dimension. Farmers will
manage only one crop at a time

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