types of pliers:

a. slip joint pliers

Slip-joint pliers are versatile tools that are
used for gripping and bending hardware.
They have two levels of teeth; the fine
teeth located near the front are designed
for gripping small objects and nails, while
the coarse teeth located toward the back
are designed for gripping bulky nuts and
bolts.

b. Diagonal cutting pliers

Diagonal cutting pliers are used for
cutting wire. They cut wire by
indenting and wedging a cable apart
(as opposed to shearing like scissors).
The name comes from how the cutting
edges of the jaws are set at an angle
(hence the name "diagonal").

c. Long nose pliers

Proper use of long nose pliers: Use to
grip small objects, reach awkward
places, holding wires, bend loops, and
attach wires. Work involving smaller
gauge wire.
d. Flat nose pliers
These flat nose pliers are designed for
making sharp bends and right angles in
wire. Flat nose pliers can also grip flat
objects and work well for straightening
bent wire. You can also use them to
easily open jump rings and chain links.

e. End cutting pliers

End cutting pliers are most commonly used
to cut nails close to the surface of wood, or
for trimming metal wire or bolts.

f. Vise grips
Also known as mole wrenches, mole
grips, or locking pliers, vice grips have
a locking feature allowing them to
clamp tight and lock, helping you make
a good cut, get current measurements,
free a stripped bolt, and more.
 g. Tongue and grove pliers
Tongue-and-groove pliers are
commonly used for turning and
holding nuts and bolts, gripping
irregularly shaped objects, and
clamping materials. It is also possible
to rotate objects while keeping them
in one position.

types of hammers:

a. Claw hammers
these hammers all feature a round head for
driving nails, the claw end is every bit as
useful for prying, splitting wood, tearing
drywall and other small demolition tasks.

b. Ball peen hammer

Besides for peening (surface hardening by
impact), the ball-peen hammer is useful for
many tasks, such as striking punches and
chisels (usually performed with the flat face
of the hammer). The peening face is useful
for rounding off edges of metal pins and
fasteners, such as rivets.
c. Sledgehammer
Sledge hammers are large, long-handled
striking tools designed to deliver as much
blunt force as possible to an area or object.
Much larger and heavier than hammers meant
for driving nails, sledge hammers are most
often used for demolition, or driving objects
too thick and heavy to be driven with a
regular hammer.

d. Soft face hammer

A soft-faced hammer or mallet is a hammer
designed to offer driving force without
damaging surfaces. They also reduce the
force transmitted back to the arm or hand of
the user, by temporarily deforming more than
a metal hammer would.

e. Lead or copper hammer

They are used as a general-purpose soft-
faced hammer in automotive and general
engineering for assembly, repair and
maintenance.
f. Inserted face hammer
used for Sheetmetal folding and bending
work, upholsterers, saddlers - work, driving
studs, etc. It prevents impressions or damage
to the material as it does not have any edges.
The inserts offer outstanding impact qualities
and are guaranteed to combine maximum
strength with unique durability.

g. Welders hammer
Welding or chipping hammers are used
to clean and remove slag from welds
(dressing) and can also be used for
boiler scaling applications. The all steel
construction makes this hammer both
solid and strong and features a striking
head with a sharp conical point and a
flat chisel bevelled end.

h. Mallets
It is a tool of preference for wood workers
using chisels with plastic, metal, or wooden
handles, as they give a softened strike with a
positive drive. Wooden mallets are usually
used in carpentry to knock wooden pieces
together, or to drive dowels, chisels and to
apply pressure on joints.
 types of reamers:

a. Solid straight hole reamer

A straight reamer is used to make only a
minor enlargement to a hole. The entry
end of the reamer will have a slight taper,
the length of which will depend on its
type. This produces a self centering
action as it enters the raw hole. The
larger proportion of the length will be of a
constant diameter.

b. Solid taper pin reamer

Taper Pin Reamers are used to ream holes
for standard Taper pins. Taper Pin Reamers
are made from HSS material and offer
good wear resistance in general-purpose
reaming applications. Taper Pin Reamer is
designed so that the small end will enter a
hole reamed by the next smaller reamer.

Types of brush
a. Paintbrush
A paintbrush is a brush used to apply paint
or ink. A paintbrush is usually made by
clamping bristles to a handle with a
ferrule. They are available in various sizes,
shapes, and materials. Thicker ones are
used for filling in, and thinner ones are
used for details.

b. Wire brush
A wire brush is an abrasive tool that has
stiff filaments made from a variety of
rigid materials designed to clean and
prepare metal surfaces. Though part of a
wire brush's function is to clean surfaces,
they have other purposes, such as
preparing a surface for painting or
removing slag and spatter after welding.

c. Wheel type brush

Wheel brushes are wheel-shaped
brushing tools for surface preparation
and surface finishing. Their uses include
parts cleaning, polishing, edge blending,
and deburring. A type of power brush,
wheel brushes are designed for use under
power, such as with an angle, bench, or
pedestal grinder.
d. Cup type wire brush

Wire cup brushes are cup-shaped tools

made from steel or chrome steel filaments.
Machine part manufacturers use them for
surface preparation, deburring, and surface
finishing. Its primary applications include
removing rust, paint and welding scale,
metal cleaning, and edge blending.

e. File card brush

The file card and brush unclog teeth on

finer cut files, allowing the abrasive to cut
properly each time.

f. Flap brush

Flap brushes are constructed by

bonding one edge of Scotch-Brite
material to a steel or fiberglass core.
Each of the brushes offers unique
cleaning or finishing capabilities, based
on the different combinations of
mineral, grade and density available.

types of files according to shape and according to cut:

a. Flat file

file, in hardware and metalworking, tool of

hardened steel in the form of a bar or rod
with many small cutting edges raised on its
longitudinal surfaces; it is used for
smoothing or forming objects, especially of
metal.

b. Triangular file

Triangular files are typically used in the

laboratory to score glass tubing before
cutting, then smoothing the edges before
use. May also be used to sharpen the
teeth of gears or to smooth various
surfaces. The tapered shank may be used
with certain adjustable handles for ease
of use.

c. Round file
The shape of this file makes it perfect for rounding out or enlarging
circular openings. Other uses for this file include finishing or deburring
concave surfaces, filing inside of pipes, and creating semicircular grooves.
Because of its narrow points, this file is also commonly used in sculpting.

d. Half-round file

A half round file is a type of hand tool

used for deburring, smoothing and
shaping a range of materials such as
metal and wood. The combination of a
flat side and rounded side means that
the half round file is ideal for use on
concave, convex and flat surfaces
making it a very versatile tool.

e. Square file

A square file is a type of hand tool

designed to quickly and efficiently
remove material, especially when
changing a circular hole into an
enlarged square hole. It features four
equal sides with second cut
coarseness to rapidly remove material
and file edges.
 types of taps, dies and extractors

a. Taper, plug, and bottoming hand taps

They are used to finish threading at the

bottom of a blind hole, where the tap needs
to reach the full depth of the hole.
b. Rethreading die

Rethreading Dies are used to restore bruised

(rounded) or rusty threads on screws and
bolts.

c. Screw/bolt extractors

A screw extractor is a tool for removing

broken or seized screws. There are two
types: one has a spiral flute structure,
commonly called an easy out after the
trademarked name EZ-Out; the other has a
straight flute structure

d. Tap extractors

Tap extractors drill into a broken tap to

break it up while it is still in the hole. This
allows the pieces of the broken tap to be
removed from the hole so that the partially
threaded hole can be cleared without
damaging it.
 Types of gasket cutter

a. Circle gasket cutter

 These machines are designed to accurately
cut out circular gaskets in materials such
as leather, rubber, plastic, felt, vulcanised
fibre and PTFE with a thickness of up to
approximately 8 mm. Its design enables to
cut easily and rapidly without prior marking
of any gasket in a wide range of diameters
(80 to 1,250 mm).

b. Gasket hole punch set

Gasket Hole Punch Set is designed to cut

holes and internal radii in gaskets and
other soft material. Each set contains ten
punch sizes and a long driving mandrel.

types of rigging tools

a. Chain blocks
Chain blocks are used for lifting heavy loads vertically and while speed
isn't a key requirement, precision is. They can be used safely and easily by
just one person, like if a mechanic needs to carefully lower an engine into
a vehicle, or if a car needs to be pulled out from a dangerous spot.

b. Hooks, eye bolt and shackles

Hooks and eye bolts are tools used to lift,

move and transport heavy objects. These
products are used in various fields
handling heavy objects such as
engineering, construction, and
shipbuilding.

c. Wire rope and polyester slings.

With resistance to heat, water, sunlight,

and chemicals, wire rope slings are used by
construction, mining, marine, and energy
industries around the world to reliably lift
and secure loads.

Types drilling machine

a. Radial drilling machine
A radial drilling machine is a powerful drilling tool
that performs heavy-duty operations on thick
metals. These machines are used by thousands of
global manufacturing companies to make holes
up to 75mm in nearly any material.
b. Multi Spindle drilling machine

The multiple spindle drilling machines is a

production type of machine. It is used to drill
holes in multiple work pieces simultaneously, in
one setting. The holes are drilled on a number of
work pieces with the same accuracy, so as to
make them interchangeable.

Types grinding machine.

a. Bench Grinder
bench grinders are just tools for spinning
grindstones, and these grindstones are for gently
shaping metal. They're commonly used for
getting blunt tools back to full sharpness, but
they're not a one-stop-shop for instantly putting
an edge on a tool. When using a cutting blade,
the edge gradually dulls.

b. Hand Grinder

a handheld power tool that can be used for

a variety of metal fabrication jobs that
include cutting, grinding, deburring,
finishing and polishing.
 Types lathe machine.

a. automatic lathe
AUTOMATICS & SEMI AUTOMATICS are designed
to perform following operations: • Centering,
cylindrical turning, tapered, formed surfaces,
drilling, boring, reaming, facing, knurling,
thread cutting, facing, milling, grinding, cut off.

b. vertical lathe machine

These machines are less complex than

horizontal lathes. This machining option is best
for pieces that focus on shaping a single side
of a part. While not suited for high-production
runs, they excel at taking heavy cuts on
medium and large parts.

Types electric welding machine.

a. shielded metal arc welding machine

SMAW can be used for a variety of metal types
and various thicknesses. It is often used for
heavy-duty work involving industrial iron and
steel, like carbon steel and cast iron, as well as
work involving low- and high-alloy steels and
nickel alloys. SMAW is used in a variety of
industries, including: Construction
b. MIG Welding Machine.
MIG welding finds use in: Sheet metal welding.
Home improvement, automobile, and
automotive industry. Fabrication work of
pressure vessels and steel structures.

types of punches

a. Center punches

center punch is often used to mark the

center of a point to show the center of a
hole when drilling for example. A center
punch forms a dimple large enough to
direct the tip of the drill to the proper
location.

b. Drift punches

A drift punch, or drift pin, or lineup punch,

is used as an aid in aligning bolt or rivet
holes prior to inserting a fastener. A drift
punch is constructed as a tapered rod,
with the hammer acting on the large end
of the taper.

c. Drive pin punches

 Drive pin punch are used for driving pins
into or out of a workpiece. Drive Pin Punch
is well proportioned, hardened, properly
tempered, nicely finished, and have a
knurled finger grip. Each punch has the
size stamped on the head.

types of gas welding equipment

a. gas hoses
Air and gas hoses transport air and gas
between different points, providing a
reliable and efficient method of conveying
these fluids over long distances.

b. welding torches
A welding torch is used in an automatic
welding system to direct the welding
electrode into the arc, to conduct welding
power to the electrode, and to provide
shielding of the arc area.