Philippine culture

Cordillera Administrative Region

Group 1
CAR guide map

The Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) was established on July 15, 1987 through
executive Order No. 220 issued by President Corazon Aquino. It is the only land-locked region
of the Philippines. CAR- Located at the northern- central section of Luzon its population as
determined by the 2020 Census was 1,797,660. This represented 2.89% of the overall population
of the Luzon island group, or 1.65% of the entire population of the Philippines. Based on these
figures, the population density is computed at 91 inhabitants per square kilometer or 235
inhabitants per square mile.
The region consists of the provinces of Abra, Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, and
Mountain Province
Abra -located at western side section of the car region - capital is bangued - It possesses the
most number of municipalities (27) and barangays (324) among the 6 Cordillera provinces.
Apayao -Located at northernmost tip of the luzon mainland -capital is Kabugao - it
comprises 7 municipalities and subdivided into 133 barangays
Benguet - located at southern tip of the car region - capital baguio - it comprises 13
municipalities, 140 barangays and 1 city which is the Baguio city
Ifugao -located at northern central section of luzon - lagawe - it comprises of 11
municipalities and 176 barangays
Kalinga -located at northernmost section of the Cordillera Region. It is bounded by the
provinces of Cagayan and Apayao in the north - tabuk -it comprises of 7 municipalities, 153
barangays and 1 city which is the tabuk city
Mountain province -located at northern central section of luzon The province is horizontally
located in the middle of the region placing it at the crossroads going to the provinces of Benguet,
Abra, Ifugao, and Kalinga. -bontoc - it comprises 10 municipalities and 144 barangays

geographical profile: It is located in the North-Central part of Luzon and encompasses most of
the areas within the Cordillera Central mountain range of Luzon. It is bounded by Ilocos Norte
and Cagayan in the North, Pangasinan and Nueva Vizcaya in the South, Cagayan Valley in the
East, and the Ilocos Region in the West.
Gastronomy: Cordillera also has various festivals, these includes the Panagbenga or Baguio
Flower Festival celebrated every February. The festival highlights are the flower exhibits, garden
tours, floral competition, and parade of floats. Other festivals in the region include the Ulalim
Festival in Kalinga, Lang-ay Festival in Mountain Province, Banaue Imbayah Festival, and the
Tabuk Matagoan Festival. Cordillera is one of the prime tourist destinations in the Philippines. It
has many spectacular scenic views and enchantingly cool places. The world-famous Banaue Rice
Terraces in the province of Ifugao is considered as the “Eighth Wonder of the World”. Other
tourist attractions of the region include the Sumaguing Cave in Sagada and the mummy caves in
Benguet and Mt. Province. There are four National Parks in the region: Cassamata Hill; Mount
Pulag, which is the highest mountain in Luzon; Mount Data; and Balbalasang-Balbalan.
Pinikpikan is a controversial dish originating from the Cordillera mountainous region in the
Philippines. The soup consists of chicken and etag, which is cured and smoked meat that has
been kept underground in earthen jars
Land area and km/Meter:
ABRA-The municipality has a land area of 136.40 square kilometers or 52.66 square miles
which constitutes 3.25% of Abra's total area.
APAYAO-The municipality has a land area of 606.04 square kilometers or 233.99 square miles
which constitutes 13.46% of Apayao's total area.
BENGUET-The municipality has a land area of 70.04 square kilometers or 27.04 square miles
which constitutes 2.53% of Benguet's total area.
IFUGAO-The municipality has a land area of 208.91 square kilometers or 80.66 square miles
which constitutes 7.98% of Ifugao's total area.
KALINGA-The municipality has a land area of 281.79 square kilometers or 108.80 square miles
which constitutes 8.59% of Kalinga's total area.
MT. PROVINCE-The province has a land area of 2,389.43 square kilometers or 922.56 square
miles
Age group Population (2015) Age group percentage
Under 1 34,589 2.01%
1 to 4 144,843 8.41%
5 to 9 180,804 10.50%
10 to 14 176,388 10.24%
15 to 19 179,349 10.42%
20 to 24 175,450 10.19%
25 to 29 150,426 8.74%
30 to 34 126,185 7.33%
35 to 39 108,324 6.29%
40 to 44 90,559 5.26%
45 to 49 85,083 4.94%
50 to 54 74,845 4.35%
55 to 59 62,068 3.60%
60 to 64 46,194 2.68%
65 to 69 31,675 1.84%
70 to 74 21,059 1.22%
75 to 79 16,591 0.96%
80 and over 17,574 1.02%
Total 1,722,006 100.00%
 Youth Dependency Ratio: 48.85
 Old Age Dependency Ratio: 7.91
 Total Dependency Ratio: 56.76
 Median Age: 24.13

Demographic/ political ptofile

Population by age group
According to the 2015 Census, the age group with the highest population in Cordillera
Administrative Region is 5 to 9, with 180,804 individuals. Conversely, the age group with the
lowest population is 75 to 79, with 16,591 individuals.
Combining age groups together, those aged 14 and below, consisting of the young dependent
population which include infants/babies, children and young adolescents/teenagers, make up an
aggregate of 31.16% (536,624). Those aged 15 up to 64, roughly, the economically active
population and actual or potential members of the work force, constitute a total of 63.79%
(1,098,483). Finally, old dependent population consisting of the senior citizens, those aged 65
and over, total 5.05% (86,899) in all.
The computed Age Dependency Ratios mean that among the population of Cordillera
Administrative Region (CAR), there are 49 youth dependents to every 100 of the working age
population; there are 8 aged/senior citizens to every 100 of the working population; and overall,
there are 57 dependents (young and old-age) to every 100 of the working population.
The median age of 24 indicates that half of the entire population of Cordillera Administrative
Region (CAR) are aged less than 24 and the other half are over the age of 24.
Dialect:
Abra
 Itneg – has a five dialects namely, Binongan, inlaod, Maeng , masadalit and Moyadan
 Adasen- this is being spoken northerneastern parts of abra
 Mabaka valley kalinga- a dialect of the kalinga language spoken in western parts of
province
 Northern kankanaey- spoken in tubo
Apayao
 Isnag- this language is divided into bayag, dibagat-kabugao, calanasan, karagawan and
talifuguripang dialects
 Adasen- closely similar to isnag and is spoken in the western parts of apayao
 Limos kalinga language spoken and mabaka valley kalinga- dialects of the kalinga
language spoken in conner municipality
Benguet
 Kankanaey
 Ibaloi
 Western kalanguya – dialect spoken in municipality of bokod
Ifugao
 Ifugao
 Northern kalanguya- spoke in tonoc
Kalinga
 Balangao
 Masadiit itneg

Mt. Province
  Bontoc
 Majukayang kalinga
 Northern kankanaey

Tagline:
DOT-CAR RELAUNCHES REGIONAL TAGLINE
“FIND YOURSELF IN THE CORDILLERAS”

DOT-CAR relaunched the Regional Tagline: Find Yourself in the Cordilleras on November 4,
2022 at the Baguio Convention and Cultural Center to ignite and bring back the interest of all
tourists in the world and look at the Cordilleras as something where they could identify
themselves through its indigenous culture, nature, and never-ending adventures.

Economy:
What is the main source of livelihood of the Cordillera People?
Today, some 80% of the Cordillera’s population, both indigenous and migrant, engage in
agricultural production as their main source of livelihood. Such as tourist spots and attractions
which have gained popularity over the recent years. These also portrays culture and beliefs of
people in Cordillera Administrative Region
• Regional economy of the Cordilleras is diverse; mining, agriculture, export processing zone,
tourism are among economic activities in the different provinces of the region.
• The region is abundant with mineral resources. These include metallic ores such as gold,
copper, silver, zinc, and non-metallic minerals like sand, gravel and sulfur. Mineral resources are
found in all the provinces. However, mining is concentrated in Benguet.
• Vegetable crop production is well developed in Benguet, rice production in Ifugao and Abra,
corn production in Mountain Province, and Kalinga.
• Baguio City and La Trinidad are considered as the industrial centers in the region. Baguio City
hosts Baguio Export Processing Zone where operations of big companies like Texas Instruments,
and MOOG are located. The city also hosts offshore and outsourcing companies operating call
centers.
• Apayao is devoted to agricultural production, particularly food and industrial crops such as
palay, corn, coffee, root crops and vegetables. Main fruits produce are lanzones, citrus, bananas
and pineapples
• Abra is rich in mineral resources, mostly non-metallic minerals such as clay, guano and rock
phosphate.
• It has also the richest limestone deposit in the Cordillera
Timber And Non-Timber Resources
• Timber resources are either dipterocarp, pine, molave type and other species
• Non-timber resources includes rattan, bamboo, erect palm, ferns, orchids, vines and other
species that thrive in association with the forest trees
Metallic And Non-metallic
• Non-metallic deposits are composed mostly of sand and gravel deposited along the Chico
River.
• Metallic deposits are gold, ore, copper and other metallic minerals.
What Baguio is known for?
Baguio, to many, is best known as the “Summer Capital of the Philippines”, with its cool climate
making this a spot to escape the chaotic scenes in Manila. The city is also home to tropical pine
forests, lending the city the nickname “City of Pines”.
Why Baguio is called the Summer Capital of the Philippines?
Due to its cool mountain weather, Baguio is considered the summer capital of the Philippines.
Because of its many pine trees, it is also called the City of Pines. Because of its altitude, Baguio
City was designated by the Philippine Commission as the Summer Capital of the Philippines on
June 1, 1903.
What are the arts and crafts of Cordillera region?
They use their talents in making arts and crafts as a source of income like wood-carving, basket-
weaving, weaving clothes, amulets and ikat weaving. They have different patterns in weaving
and they also have their own God that is called “Bulul”, it is the God of the rice that is made and
worshipped by the Ifugaos.
Why Baguio is the best place to live?
One of Baguio’s best assets is its wonderful weather that is classified as a subtropical highland
climate. Thanks to its high elevation, Baguio serves as a cool refuge in the middle of a highly
tropical nation. Temperature is eight degrees Celsius lower than the country’s average
temperature.
Source of income:
 Baguio Crafts & Folk Arts
 Cordillera Weaves.
 Wood Carving & Bamboo Crafts.
 Silvercraft & Metalcrafts.
 Traditional Tattoo.
 Visual Arts.
 Literary Arts.
 Cultural & Performing Arts.

What do we call the people of Region 5 CAR?

-The indigenous peoples of the Cordillera Mountain Range of northern Luzon, Philippines are
often referred to using the exonym. Igorot people, or more recently, as the Cordilleran peoples.
There are nine main ethnolinguistic groups whose domains are in the Cordillera Mountain
Range, altogether numbering about 1.5 million people in the early 21st century
Who are the original inhabitants of Baguio City?
The original inhabitants of the Baguio City area are the Ibaloi people (natively pronounced as
“Ivadoi”). When the Americans established the city in the early 1900s, early settlers in the city
include members of other Igorot tribes (Igudut in Ibaloi), the lowlander Ilocanos (Iduko),
Americans (Merikano), and mestizos.
Are there any trikes in Baguio City Philippines?
There are no trikes in Baguio City. True to every Filipino, the locals are also hospitable. They are
used to attending to the needs of others, including foreigners. They say that you won’t get lost in
Baguio; it is either you ask for directions or walk straight ahead until you reach the city center.