496 lily flower (“fleur-de-lys”) French king in the year
1215 signing of Magna Carta in England (also known as the Great Charter of
Freedoms)
1497 European exploration
1576 Nunavut capital is Iqaluit, formerly Frobisher Bay, named after the English
explorer Martin Frobisher, who penetrated the uncharted Arctic for Queen
Elizabeth I
1604 the first European settlement north of Florida was established by French
explorers
1610 English settlement begin
1758 The first representative assembly was elected in Halifax, Nova Scotia
1759 British defeated French in the Battle of the Plains of Abraham at Québec City
1763 Territorial Right through Royal Proclamation of by King George III
1773 representative assembly was elected Prince Edward Island
1774 British Parliament passed the Quebec Act
1776 13 British colonies to the south of Quebec declared independence and formed
the United States
1785 a representative assembly was elected in New Brunswick
1791 The Constitutional Act
+ granted first time legislative assemblies elected by people
+ divided the Province of Quebec to upper lower
1792 black Nova Scotians moved on to establish Freetown, Sierra Leone (West
Africa), a new British colony for freed slaves.
1793 Upper Canada, led by Lieutenant Governor John Graves Simcoe, a Loyalist
military officer, became the first province in the Empire to move toward abolition.
1807 British Parliament prohibited buying and selling slaves
1812 USA invaded Canada
1813 Laura Secord
1832 The Montreal Stock Exchange opened
1833 abolished slavery throughout the Empire
1840 Upper and Lower Canada were united
1849 Sir Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine, a champion of French language rights, became
the first head of a responsible government (similar to a prime minister) in
Canada
1857 Ottawa, located on the Ottawa River, Capital by Queen Victoria
1867 British North America Act
1867 Sir John Alexander Macdonald, a Father of Confederation, first Prime Minister.
1867 (7/1) The Fathers of Confederation established the Dominion of Canada
1869 Canada took over the vast northwest region from the Hudson’s Bay Company
1870 The Northwest Territories (N.W.T.) were originally made up
1871 British Columbia joined Canada after Ottawa promised to build a railway to the
West Coast.
1873 North West Mounted Police (NWMP)
1876 red-white-red pattern comes from the flag of the Royal Military College,
Kingston
1885 a powerful symbol of unity was completed when Donald Smith (Lord Strathcona),
the Scottish-born director of the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR),
1886 Members of the train crew pose with a westbound Pacific Express, at the first
crossing of the Illecillewaet River near Glacier, B.C.
1891 Basketball was invented by Canadian James Naismith
1900 The White Pass and Yukon Railway opened from Skagway in neighbouring
Alaska to the territorial capital, Whitehorse
1914 Ottawa formed the Canadian Expeditionary Force
1916 Parliament building, Centre Block fire
1916 Manitoba first province to grant women vote
1917 Sir Robert Borden gave women vote in federal elections
1917 (4) The Canadian Corps captured Vimy Ridge, with 10,000 killed or wounded,
1918 General Sir Arthur Currie, Canada’s greatest soldier, the Canadian Corps
advanced alongside the French and British Empire troops in the last hundred
days.
1918 Battle of Amiens, black day of the German Army
1920 Group of Seven developed a style of painting to capture the rugged wilderness
landscapes
1921 Red and white had been colours of France and England since the Middle Ages
and the national colours of Canada
1921 Agnes Macphail, a farmer and teacher, became the first woman MP
1922 Parliament building, rebuilt
1927 Peace Tower was completed in memory of the First World War
1929 stock market crash
1934 The Bank of Canada, a central bank to manage the money supply and bring
stability to the financial system
1939 Second World War
1940 Quebec granted women vote in
1940 Unemployment insurance was introduced by the federal government
1944 (6/6) The D-Day Invasion, invasion of Normandy
Canadians made a significant contribution to the defeat of Nazism and Fascism
in Europe during the Second World War
15,000
1945 (5/8) German surrender of
1947 oil in Alberta began Canada’s modern energy industry
1948 Japanese Canadians gained the right to vote.
1951 a majority of Canadians were able to afford adequate food, shelter, clothing
1956 Soviet tyranny in Hungary
1960 Aboriginal people were granted the vote
1963 Parliament established the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and
Biculturalism
1965 Canada and Quebec Pension Plans
1965 A new Canadian flag was raised for the first time in
1969 Official Languages Act which guarantees French and English services in the
federal government across Canada.
1970 found La Francophonie, an international association French-speaking countries
1978 Montreal Canadiens Stanley Cup champions
1980 O Canada was proclaimed as the national anthem
1982 The Constitution of Canada was amended to entrench the Canadian Charter
of Rights and Freedoms (without the agreement of Quebec)
1982 Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms become part of the Canadian
Constitution
1988 Canada enacted free trade with the United States
1994 Mexico became a trade partner
2005 The Canadian Red Ensign served as the national flag for 100 years, and has
been carried officially by veterans since
2005 Clarkson Cup, by Adrienne Clarkson
2006 Quebecois form a nation
1867 – Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick
1870 – Manitoba, Northwest Territories
1871 – British Columbia
1873 – Prince Edward Island
1880 – Transfer of the Arctic Islands (to N.W.T.)
1898 – Yukon Territory
1905 – Alberta, Saskatchewan
1949 – Newfoundland and Labrador
1999 – Nunavut
