Q1.
Fill in the banks in the following sentences by choosing an appropriate option
1. Highest percentage of air consists of nitrogen.
2. Autotrophs are also called producers.
3. ___________ is the effect of air pollution.
4. Secondary consumers are also called carnivores.
5. Human activities are responsible for pollution.
6. Organisms occupy a specific place in the food chain that is known as their trophic level.
7. Humans are responsible for polluting Ganga.
8. The natural place of an organism or community is known as trophic level.
9. Plants are called producers as they produce their own food.
10. Mercury pollution causes Minamata disease in Japan.
11. Through photosynthesis energy enters the Ecosystem.
12. Ozone is called the secondary air pollutant.
13. Consumers are also known as heterotrophs.
14. Air pollution is responsible for turning the Taj Mahal yellow.
15. Bengal Tiger is an endangered species.
16. Increased levels of air pollution result in a range of negative effects.
17. Consumers are also called heterotrophs.
18. Carbon dioxide is called Greenhouse gas.
19. Food chain represents a linear relationship between producers and consumers.
20. Acid rain caused by sulfur dioxide gas.
21. As we proceed in the food chain, Biomass decreases
22. Sound which has Jarring effect on the ears is noise.
23. Biosphere Reserves is a type of in-situ conservation.
24. Sound is measured in decibels (dB) units.
Q2. State whether the following sentences are True or False
1. The Red Book records the number of animals in danger. FALSE
2. Biosphere reserve is an example of ex-situ conservation. FALSE
3. Eutrophication is caused by water pollution. TRUE
4. Omnivores live on refuse and dead organic matter. FALSE
5. Global warming is caused by water pollution. FALSE
6. Producers in the marine ecosystems and desert ecosystems are the same. FALSE
7. Chlorine is one of the important greenhouse gasses. FALSE
8. National Park is an example of ex-situ conservation. FALSE
9. An unpleasant sound is called noise. TRUE
10. Acid rain is caused by water pollution. FALSE
11. Water is the lifeline of all Ecosystems. TRUE
12. Sunlight is the source of energy for consumers. FALSE
13. Sound is measured in the Decibel unit. TRUE
14. Passenger Pigeon is a threatened species. FALSE
15. Overpopulation growth causes disproportionate gender composition. TRUE
16. The Red Book records the number of animals in danger. FALSE
17. Low-altitude areas provide favorable conditions for human settlement. TRUE
18. Red Panda is an endangered species. TRUE
19. Countries with stable governments tend to have low population density. FALSE
20. Acid rain contributes to the deterioration of the built environment. TRUE
21. Most poor countries have the lowest population growth. FALSE
Q3. Short Note
1. Ecosystem & Environment - Definition.
➢ The ecosystem refers to a community of living organisms, including plants, animals, and
microorganisms, interacting with each other and their physical environment. It
encompasses the relationships between these organisms and their surroundings, which
include both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components.
An ecosystem can vary in size and complexity, ranging from a small pond or a forest to a
large ocean or even the entire planet. Each ecosystem has its unique set of species,
habitats, and environmental conditions that influence the interactions among its
components.
On the other hand, the environment refers to the sum of all external conditions and
influences affecting the life, development, and survival of an organism. It includes the
physical, chemical, and biological factors that interact and shape the natural world.
Both terms are interconnected; ecosystems are a part of the environment, and they are
influenced by various environmental factors such as climate, terrain, temperature, water,
sunlight, and human activities. Understanding these concepts helps us comprehend the
delicate balance and interdependence among living organisms and their environment.
2. Structure & Functions of Ecosystem.
