Chapter 1: Basics of Mobile Communication

1. What is the primary advantage of the cellular concept? A) Higher

transmission power
B) Increased capacity through frequency reuse
C) Use of a single large transmitter
D) Reduced call drops
Answer: B) Increased capacity through frequency reuse
2. What is the function of an umbrella cell? A) To reduce handovers for fast-
moving users
B) To provide coverage in tunnels
C) To improve signal quality indoors
D) To increase the bandwidth of networks
Answer: A) To reduce handovers for fast-moving users
3. Which multiple access technique is used in GSM? A) CDMA
B) FDMA/TDMA
C) OFDMA
D) SC-FDMA
Answer: B) FDMA/TDMA
4. What is the role of the HLR in GSM? A) Stores subscriber data and
location information
B) Manages handovers between cells
C) Controls radio frequencies
D) Allocates timeslots for calls
Answer: A) Stores subscriber data and location information
5. What is the significance of frequency reuse in cellular systems? A)
Reduces the number of base stations needed
B) Allows more users to be accommodated
C) Increases power consumption
D) Eliminates interference completely
Answer: B) Allows more users to be accommodated
6. What is the role of a Base Station Controller (BSC) in GSM? A) Switching
calls between users
B) Managing radio resources and handovers
C) Allocating IP addresses
 D) Encrypting mobile communication
Answer: B) Managing radio resources and handovers
7. What is the purpose of the SIM card in GSM networks? A) Store the IMSI
and authentication data
B) Manage network congestion
C) Control handovers between cells
D) Increase data transmission speed
Answer: A) Store the IMSI and authentication data
8. Which of the following is a characteristic of digital cellular systems? A)
Analog modulation
B) Higher security and efficient spectrum utilization
C) Single frequency usage per network
D) Unlimited channel capacity
Answer: B) Higher security and efficient spectrum utilization
9. What is the primary role of BTS in a GSM network? A) Routing calls
between mobile users
B) Handling radio communication with mobile stations
C) Managing customer billing
D) Assigning dynamic IP addresses
Answer: B) Handling radio communication with mobile stations
10.What type of cell is primarily used for indoor coverage? A) Macrocell
B) Microcell
C) Picocell
D) Umbrella cell
Answer: C) Picocell
11.How does GSM achieve frequency reuse? A) By assigning the same
frequency to all base stations
B) By dividing the network into cells and reusing frequencies at a
distance
C) By using only one frequency for all users
D) By implementing analog modulation techniques
Answer: B) By dividing the network into cells and reusing frequencies at
a distance
12.What is the significance of the International Mobile Equipment Identity
(IMEI)? A) Identifies the mobile device uniquely
 B) Identifies the subscriber
C) Manages network bandwidth
D) Allocates frequency bands
Answer: A) Identifies the mobile device uniquely
13.What is the function of the Mobile Switching Center (MSC) in GSM? A)
Controlling the power levels of base stations
B) Routing calls and managing mobility
C) Encrypting voice calls
D) Assigning spectrum to mobile operators
Answer: B) Routing calls and managing mobility
14.What is the main advantage of TDMA in GSM networks? A) It allows
multiple users to share the same frequency channel
B) It increases the number of base stations required
C) It reduces the need for frequency planning
D) It eliminates the need for synchronization
Answer: A) It allows multiple users to share the same frequency channel
15.Which of the following best defines handover in mobile networks? A)
The process of changing frequency bands in a call
B) The transfer of an ongoing call from one cell to another
C) The allocation of bandwidth to a new mobile subscriber
D) The process of encrypting mobile communication
Answer: B) The transfer of an ongoing call from one cell to another
16.What is the main purpose of control channels in GSM? A) Handling user
voice communication
B) Managing network congestion
C) Carrying signaling and system information
D) Assigning IP addresses
Answer: C) Carrying signaling and system information
17.What type of antenna is commonly used in sectorized cell sites? A)
Omni-directional antenna
B) Directional antenna
C) Dipole antenna
D) Loop antenna
Answer: B) Directional antenna
 18.What is the function of the Authentication Center (AUC) in GSM? A)
Encrypting mobile communication
B) Verifying subscriber identity and security
C) Managing network bandwidth
D) Assigning frequency channels
Answer: B) Verifying subscriber identity and security
19.Which of the following is an advantage of digital cellular communication
over analog? A) Improved spectral efficiency and security
B) Lower call quality
C) Higher power consumption
D) Limited number of users
Answer: A) Improved spectral efficiency and security
20.What is the significance of duplexing in mobile communication? A) It
allows two-way communication
B) It increases interference
C) It reduces bandwidth usage
D) It restricts mobility
Answer: A) It allows two-way communication

Chapter 2: Migration to Mobile Technologies up to 5G

21.Which of the following is a characteristic of 1G? A) Digital voice
transmission
B) Packet-switched data services
C) Analog voice transmission
D) High-speed internet
Answer: C) Analog voice transmission
22.What is the primary function of GPRS? A) Enabling packet-switched data
transfer
B) Increasing voice call quality
C) Enhancing circuit-switched services
D) Reducing network congestion
Answer: A) Enabling packet-switched data transfer
23.What is the key feature of 5G networks? A) Lower latency and higher
data speeds
B) Exclusive use of GSM architecture
 C) Implementation of CDMA2000
D) Introduction of EDGE technology
Answer: A) Lower latency and higher data speeds
24.Which technology was introduced to improve GSM data rates before 3G?
A) LTE
B) EDGE
C) CDMA2000
D) WiMAX
Answer: B) EDGE
25.What is the key feature of LTE compared to 3G technologies? A) Uses
CDMA for transmission
B) Packet-switched architecture with higher speeds
C) Uses analog voice transmission
D) Requires no base stations
Answer: B) Packet-switched architecture with higher speeds
26.What is the primary function of the Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)?
A) Managing circuit-switched calls
B) Handling mobility management for packet-switched data
C) Allocating frequency channels
D) Encrypting SMS messages
Answer: B) Handling mobility management for packet-switched data
27.Which of the following is NOT an enhancement of HSPA+? A) Carrier
Aggregation
B) Higher-order modulation
C) Increased call drop rates
D) MIMO technology
Answer: C) Increased call drop rates
28.What modulation technique is used in LTE uplink? A) OFDMA
B) SC-FDMA
C) CDMA
D) TDMA
Answer: B) SC-FDMA
29.What is the major benefit of Carrier Aggregation in LTE-A? A) Higher
voice quality
B) Increased bandwidth for higher data rates
 C) Reduced power consumption
D) Eliminates need for base stations
Answer: B) Increased bandwidth for higher data rates
30.What is the role of the Packet Control Unit (PCU) in GPRS? A) Separates
packet and circuit-switched traffic
B) Encrypts all data transmissions
C) Allocates IP addresses to users
D) Manages billing and authentication
Answer: A) Separates packet and circuit-switched traffic
31.Which frequency band is primarily used for 4G LTE? A) 450 MHz
B) 900 MHz
C) 1800 MHz
D) 3800 MHz
Answer: C) 1800 MHz
32.What is the full form of VoLTE? A) Voice over Limited Transmission
Equipment
B) Voice over LTE
C) Variable LTE Optimization
D) Virtual LTE Operation
Answer: B) Voice over LTE
33.What is the maximum theoretical downlink speed of LTE-A? A) 10 Mbps
B) 100 Mbps
C) 1 Gbps
D) 10 Gbps
Answer: C) 1 Gbps
34.What is a key feature of 5G NR (New Radio)? A) Lower latency and
increased efficiency
B) Only supports voice communication
C) Uses GSM modulation
D) Operates only in the 2.4 GHz band
Answer: A) Lower latency and increased efficiency
35.What is the major benefit of Massive MIMO in 5G? A) Reduced power
usage
B) Increased spectral efficiency and capacity
C) Eliminates the need for core networks
 D) Increases call drop rates
Answer: B) Increased spectral efficiency and capacity
36.Which deployment option allows 4G and 5G to work together? A)
Standalone 5G
B) Non-Standalone (NSA)
C) Circuit-switched fallback
D) Single-band LTE
Answer: B) Non-Standalone (NSA)
37.What does the term "beamforming" refer to in 5G technology? A)
Increasing the size of mobile towers
B) Directing signal transmission towards specific users
C) Reducing interference using analog filters
D) Multiplying frequency bands
Answer: B) Directing signal transmission towards specific users
38.What is the main advantage of network slicing in 5G? A) Enables multiple
virtual networks for different applications
B) Increases hardware costs
C) Eliminates the need for core networks
D) Reduces the number of base stations required
Answer: A) Enables multiple virtual networks for different applications
39.What role does the 5G Core (5GC) play in the network? A) Handling only
voice calls
B) Managing data and network functions
C) Encrypting SMS messages
D) Allocating frequency bands
Answer: B) Managing data and network functions
40.What is the significance of ultra-reliable low latency communication
(URLLC) in 5G? A) Supports critical applications like autonomous driving
B) Reduces call drops in GSM networks
C) Eliminates the need for fiber backhaul
D) Limits data transmission speeds
Answer: A) Supports critical applications like autonomous driving

Chapter 3: Various 3GPP Releases and Standards

41.Which 3GPP release introduced HSDPA? A) Release 4
B) Release 5
C) Release 6
D) Release 7
Answer: B) Release 5
42.What does LTE use for downlink transmission? A) TDMA
B) OFDMA
C) CDMA
D) SC-FDMA
Answer: B) OFDMA
43.What is the main goal of 3GPP standardization? A) Define global mobile
communication standards
B) Develop proprietary network protocols
C) Restrict innovation in telecommunications
D) Eliminate the need for cellular networks
Answer: A) Define global mobile communication standards
44.Which 3GPP release introduced LTE? A) Release 6
B) Release 7
C) Release 8
D) Release 9
Answer: C) Release 8
45.What major feature was introduced in 3GPP Release 10? A) Voice over
LTE (VoLTE)
B) LTE Advanced with Carrier Aggregation
C) Narrowband IoT
D) CDMA2000 compatibility
Answer: B) LTE Advanced with Carrier Aggregation
46.What does Carrier Aggregation (CA) enable in LTE-Advanced? A)
Combining multiple frequency bands for higher data rates
B) Reducing interference in GSM networks
C) Enhancing call quality in 2G networks
D) Eliminating network slicing
Answer: A) Combining multiple frequency bands for higher data rates
47.What key enhancement was introduced in 3GPP Release 12? A) Dual
connectivity
 B) Circuit-switched fallback
C) AMPS support
D) EDGE enhancements
Answer: A) Dual connectivity
48.Which 3GPP release standardized 5G technology? A) Release 12
B) Release 14
C) Release 15
D) Release 16
Answer: C) Release 15
49.What is a primary feature of 3GPP Release 13? A) Mission-critical push-
to-talk (MCPTT)
B) AMPS backward compatibility
C) Increased analog modulation support
D) ISDN integration
Answer: A) Mission-critical push-to-talk (MCPTT)
50.Which technology was introduced in Release 16? A) Network Slicing
B) Digital AMPS
C) EDGE Pro
D) GSM Ultra
Answer: A) Network Slicing
51.What role does the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) play in LTE? A) Enables IP-
based network connectivity
B) Controls antenna tilt angles
C) Manages only voice communication
D) Restricts data usage
Answer: A) Enables IP-based network connectivity
52.What does VoNR stand for in 5G networks? A) Voice over New Radio
B) Voice over Narrowband Routing
C) Virtualized On-Network Roaming
D) Variable Over-the-Network Redundancy
Answer: A) Voice over New Radio
53.Which 3GPP release introduced support for Massive MIMO? A) Release
10
B) Release 13
C) Release 15
 D) Release 17
Answer: C) Release 15
54.What major improvement does Release 17 focus on? A) Extended IoT
capabilities
B) 2G backward compatibility
C) Increasing analog network coverage
D) Eliminating LTE networks
Answer: A) Extended IoT capabilities
55.Which 3GPP release introduced URLLC (Ultra-Reliable Low Latency
Communication)? A) Release 14
B) Release 15
C) Release 16
D) Release 17
Answer: B) Release 15
56.What is the primary objective of the 3GPP Release 18 initiative? A) AI-
driven network optimization
B) Reintroducing circuit-switched communication
C) Expanding GSM coverage
D) Eliminating 4G networks
Answer: A) AI-driven network optimization
57.Which of the following is a major advancement in 3GPP Release 14? A)
Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication
B) Introduction of AMPS voice technology
C) Enhancing GSM capabilities
D) Removal of LTE-A features
Answer: A) Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication
58.What key technology enhancement is included in Release 16 for
industrial applications? A) 5G NR improvements for factory automation
B) GSM compatibility updates
C) Increased CDMA2000 support
D) Lower 3G call rates
Answer: A) 5G NR improvements for factory automation
59.What is a primary focus of 3GPP Release 18? A) Enhanced machine
learning capabilities for networks
B) Expanding 2G call quality
 C) Removing 5G functionalities
D) Supporting analog voice services
Answer: A) Enhanced machine learning capabilities for networks
60.What feature was introduced in 3GPP Release 11 for LTE? A) Enhanced
Inter-cell Interference Coordination (eICIC)
B) CDMA support
C) Fixed-line network optimization
D) ISDN enhancements
Answer: A) Enhanced Inter-cell Interference Coordination (eICIC)
Chapter 4: Various Phases of BSNL CMTS Tender
61.What is the primary focus of BSNL CMTS tenders? A) Mobile app
development B) Equipment procurement and deployment C) Customer
service enhancements D) Billing system updates Answer: B) Equipment
procurement and deployment
62.In which phase of BSNL CMTS tendering is vendor evaluation conducted?
A) Pre-bid phase B) Bidding phase C) Post-bid phase D) Deployment
phase Answer: A) Pre-bid phase
64.What is the role of a Letter of Intent (LoI) in the tendering process? A)
Finalizes the contract with the vendor B) Confirms the vendor selection
before contract execution C) Allocates budget for network deployment
D) Assigns frequency bands for operation Answer: B) Confirms the
vendor selection before contract execution
65.In BSNL CMTS tenders, what is the primary criterion for selecting a
vendor? A) Lowest financial bid (L1) B) Vendor's international presence
C) Number of employees in the company D) Ability to provide customer
support Answer: A) Lowest financial bid (L1)
66.What happens in the post-bid phase of the BSNL CMTS tendering
process? A) Issuance of Request for Proposal (RFP) B) Vendor evaluation
and shortlisting C) Finalization of contract and project execution D)
Submission of technical specifications Answer: C) Finalization of contract
and project execution
67.What does SLA stand for in CMTS contracts? A) Service Level Agreement
B) Subscriber Line Allocation C) Secure Link Authentication D) System
Load Assessment Answer: A) Service Level Agreement
68.Which document is crucial for the legal execution of a BSNL CMTS
contract? A) Work Order B) Tender Notice C) White Paper D) Service
Blueprint Answer: A) Work Order
69.What is a key requirement for vendors participating in BSNL CMTS
tenders? A) ISO Certification B) At least 5 years of experience in mobile
technology C) National telecom licensing D) All of the above Answer: D)
All of the above
70.Which phase of the tendering process includes network deployment? A)
Pre-bid phase B) Bidding phase C) Post-bid phase D) Execution phase
Answer: D) Execution phase
71.What is the purpose of an Earnest Money Deposit (EMD) in tenders? A)
Ensure vendor commitment and prevent bid withdrawal B) Act as a final
payment for contract execution C) Fund customer rebates and discounts
D) Serve as a penalty for service failures Answer: A) Ensure vendor
commitment and prevent bid withdrawal
72.What factor is considered in the financial evaluation of a tender bid? A)
Equipment quality B) Cost-effectiveness and L1 pricing C) Network design
complexity D) Staff training programs Answer: B) Cost-effectiveness and
L1 pricing
73.What is the typical duration of BSNL CMTS contracts? A) 1 year B) 3 years
C) 5 years D) 10 years Answer: C) 5 years
74.Who is responsible for approving BSNL CMTS tenders? A) BSNL’s Board of
Directors B) Department of Telecommunications (DoT) C) Telecom
Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) D) Ministry of Electronics and IT
Answer: A) BSNL’s Board of Directors
75.What is the penalty for non-compliance with SLA terms in BSNL tenders?
A) Termination of contract B) Financial penalty and blacklisting C)
Warning letter D) Temporary suspension of services Answer: B) Financial
penalty and blacklisting
76.What does RFP stand for in the tendering process? A) Request for
Purchase B) Request for Proposal C) Regulatory Framework Paper D)
Roaming Frequency Protocol Answer: B) Request for Proposal
 77.What is the primary function of a Performance Bank Guarantee (PBG) in
tenders? A) Secure vendor compliance with contract terms B) Ensure
customer satisfaction C) Fund equipment procurement D) Manage radio
spectrum allocation Answer: A) Secure vendor compliance with contract
terms
78.What is the role of Technical Evaluation in the tender process? A)
Assessing vendors based on their financial status B) Evaluating proposed
network design and equipment quality C) Checking for contract
violations D) Ensuring prompt payment release Answer: B) Evaluating
proposed network design and equipment quality
79.What type of bidding is commonly used in BSNL CMTS tenders? A) Open
tender bidding B) Direct negotiation C) Reverse auction D) Limited
bidding Answer: A) Open tender bidding
80.What does the term “Turnkey Project” mean in the context of CMTS
tenders? A) The vendor is responsible for the entire project from start to
finish B) Partial infrastructure setup is done by the vendor C) BSNL
executes the project internally D) Vendor only supplies equipment but
does not install it Answer: A) The vendor is responsible for the entire
project from start to finish
Chapter 5: Backhaul Media for Mobile Radio Network
81.What is the preferred medium for mobile network backhaul? A) Copper
cables B) Optical Fiber C) Satellite links D) Coaxial cables Answer: B)
Optical Fiber
82.What does RRH stand for? A) Remote Radio Head B) Regional Router
Hub C) Radio Relay Hardware D) Remote Router Handling Answer: A)
Remote Radio Head
83.Which type of backhaul technology is most commonly used in urban
areas? A) Microwave B) Optical Fiber C) Satellite D) Copper wire Answer:
B) Optical Fiber
84.What is the main advantage of microwave backhaul links? A) High
bandwidth and low latency B) Low cost and quick deployment C)
Unlimited distance coverage D) Minimal power requirements Answer: B)
Low cost and quick deployment
85.What is the function of a backhaul network in mobile communication? A)
Connects base stations to the core network B) Manages frequency
allocation C) Provides direct user connections D) Controls SIM
authentication Answer: A) Connects base stations to the core network
86.What is a disadvantage of satellite backhaul? A) High latency B) Limited
bandwidth C) High operational costs D) All of the above Answer: D) All of
the above
87.Which of the following is a key benefit of an SDN-based backhaul
network? A) Centralized network management B) Reduced infrastructure
cost C) Enhanced network flexibility D) All of the above Answer: D) All of
the above
88.What is a major challenge in deploying optical fiber backhaul? A) High
installation cost B) Limited data transmission capacity C) Frequent
hardware failures D) High power consumption Answer: A) High
installation cost
89.What role does MPLS play in mobile backhaul? A) Enhances packet
switching efficiency B) Provides high-speed data encryption C) Reduces
power consumption in base stations D) Allocates SIM card authentication
Answer: A) Enhances packet switching efficiency
90.Which type of network topology is often used in mobile backhaul? A)
Mesh B) Ring C) Star D) Tree Answer: B) Ring
91.What is the advantage of using millimeter-wave technology for
backhaul? A) High data rate support B) Lower infrastructure cost C)
Requires fewer towers D) Reduces electromagnetic interference Answer:
A) High data rate support
92.What is the purpose of Small Cell Backhaul in 4G and 5G networks? A)
Enhances network coverage in dense areas B) Reduces power
consumption C) Eliminates the need for fiber connections D) Provides
free internet access Answer: A) Enhances network coverage in dense
areas
93.Which network component connects the backhaul to the core network?
A) Base Station B) BSC C) MSC D) Gateway Router Answer: D) Gateway
Router
94.What is a characteristic of an effective backhaul solution for rural areas?
A) Low cost and long-distance capability B) High latency with limited
capacity C) Requires high power consumption D) Complex infrastructure
requirements Answer: A) Low cost and long-distance capability
95.Which of the following technologies is NOT used in mobile backhaul? A)
DWDM B) Ethernet C) CDMA D) Microwave Answer: C) CDMA
96.What does DWDM stand for in fiber-optic networks? A) Dense
Wavelength Division Multiplexing B) Digital Wireless Data Management
C) Dynamic Wave Distribution Module D) Direct Wireless Data Mapping
Answer: A) Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
97.What is the main limitation of microwave backhaul? A) Susceptibility to
weather conditions B) Requires extensive cabling C) Very high latency D)
Does not support high data rates Answer: A) Susceptibility to weather
conditions
98.What is the primary reason for using a hybrid backhaul solution? A) To
balance cost, performance, and coverage B) To eliminate the need for
fiber deployment C) To reduce reliance on mobile towers D) To increase
interference in network deployment Answer: A) To balance cost,
performance, and coverage
99.Which backhaul method is commonly used in submarine communication
cables? A) Optical Fiber B) Microwave C) Satellite D) Coaxial cable
Answer: A) Optical Fiber
100. What is an emerging trend in mobile backhaul networks? A)
Increased use of SDN and NFV B) Exclusive reliance on copper networks
C) Removal of all wireless technologies D) Eliminating packet switching
techniques Answer: A) Increased use of SDN and NFV