ANSWER KEY

UNIT I

READING

Exercise A

1b, 2a, 3c, 4c

1 F, 2 T, 3 T, 4 F, 5 F, 6 F

Exercise B

1. Panthera leo

2. Twenty years

3. Sub-Saharan Africa

4. Savanna and grassland

5. Tiger

6. Lascaux and Chauvet Caves

7. Late Pleistocene era

8. Ten to fourteen years

9. A pride

10. The southern part of the Indian subcontinent

11. A violin

12. Tyagaraja, Muthuswami Dikshitar and Syama Sastri

13. A violin, a mridangam, a tambura, a ghatam

14. Chennai
15. Due to Persian and Islamic influences in North India

16. The emphasis of Carnatic music lies more on vocals than in Hindustani music

17. Between the 16th and 19th centuries

18. The musical sound of a single note

WRITING

EXERCISE A

1. I speak Telugu and Hindi better than English. What about you?

2. I need an assistant who can do the following: input data, write reports, and complete
tax forms.

3. Who’s there? Oh, it’s you.

4. The Ganga is considered a holy river by the Hindus. Its source is the Gangotri glacier in
the Himalayas and it empties into the Bay of Bengal in Eastern India.

5. I drove my rusty, old, green ambassador back home. As it chugged slowly down the street,
its engine grunting and wheezing, its wheels wobbling all the way, I realised it was time to buy
a new car.

6. He got what he worked for: a promotion.

7. You’re responsible for your belongings.

8. It’s a lovely day today, isn’t it? I want to go to the park, but I’m not sure if it’s open.

9. You may be required to bring many things: sleeping bags, pans, utensils, and warm clothing.

10. I’d forgotten that he’d mentioned that it’s there.

11. I am soaking wet. I forgot my umbrella.

12. Who’s the Indian team’s captain?

13. Sultan was born at Gandhi Memorial Hospital in Hyderabad. He’s an investment banker.
He lives in New York, but he visits India often. His sister’s birthday is in January, on New
Year’s Day.
Exercise B

1. The weather was terrible; it wouldn’t stop raining.

2. Her fitness is poor; she will probably not do well in the physical education exam.

3. Some universities offer scholarships; others do not.

4. Oh, it’s such a lovely day; I might go meet my friends at the park!

5. We have to stop at the petrol pump; the car is low on fuel.

Exercise C

1. She went swimming every day while on holiday in Coorg.

2. He is not from Hyderabad; he is from Bangalore.

3. I want to go to the library, but I think it might be closed today.

4. Are you okay travelling by bus, or do you want to travel by train?

5. All of the art supplies are in that cabinet; we only take them out during art class.

Exercise D

1. Only about three percent of the Earth’s water is fresh. But most land plants and animals
depend on this water for their survival. Water continuously moves around the Earth’s
surface, changing from one form to another.

2. The stenogram is efficient, reliable, timesaving, and economical. Backed by our

international reputation for reliability, it is in regular use in many offices all over the country. It
is unbelievably simple to use: just slip in a preloaded cassette, press a button, and it is ready to
record your dictation, telephone conversations, or interviews.

3. An expository essay contains the thoughts of its author on a certain subject. Often, it also
explains or expands the topic. The discussion is usually based on the author’s knowledge,
experience, or imagination. This kind of essay is written on abstract subjects, e.g., truth,
friendship, bravery, and on social, political, and religious questions, e.g., female education,
joint families, Christianity, and Hinduism.

EXERCISE E

1. She heads a foundation that supports the underprivileged.

2. Her philanthropy was influenced by her grandfather who encouraged her to give back
to society.

3. My niece is careful about her hygiene.

4. It is fascinating to see how the equipment works.

5. We enjoyed his humorous anecdotes.

6. Professor Sen retired today. The principal and Dr Sen’s colleagues gave her a beautiful
memento.

7. The child watched with curiosity as the mechanic completed the maintenance work.

8. An argument between Komal and Kamal is nothing new. It’s a regular occurrence.

9. The only certainty we can have is that nothing is permanent.

EXERCISE F

1. exceeded, expectations, weather, disappointing, yield

2. inoculated, disease

3. calendar, indispensable

4. amateur, plagiarism

5. ours, comparatively, stagnant

6. receipt, transaction,

reference EXERCISE G

1. They(C) are (C) the (F) Magi (C).

2. My (F) hair (C) grows (C) so (F) fast (C).

3. Jim (C) was (C) never (F) late (C).

4. Give (C) it (F) to (F) me (F) quick (C).

5. She (F) held (C) it (F) out (F) to (F) him (F) eagerly (C) upon (F) her (F) open (C) palm (C).

6. A (F) mathematician (C) or (F) a (F) wit (C) would (F) give (C) you (F) the (F) wrong
(C) answer (C).
7. She (F) fluttered (C) out (F) of (F) the (F) door (C) and (F) down (F) the (F) stairs (C) to (F)
the (F) street (C).

8. The (F) door (C) opened (C) and (F) Jim (C) stepped (C) in (F) and (F) closed (C) it (F). He
(C) looked (C) thin (C) and (F) very (F) serious (C).

GRAMMAR

EXERCISE A

Our sun is, in fact, a rather unimportant member of a huge system of stars, or galaxy, consisting
of at least a hundred thousand million stars. We can see a part of this galaxy stretching across the
sky as a pale white band of stars called the Milky Way. In India it is sometimes called the
heavenly Ganga.

EXERCISE B

1. My sister lives in England. She works for a research laboratory. (She—my sister)

2. The children are going on a picnic. They are carrying baskets of fruits and sandwiches
with them. (They, them–the children)

3. Revathy wrote two books during her younger days. One of them became a bestseller while
the other did not sell at all. They are however, her prized possessions. (Her—Revathy, Them,
They—Two books)

4. The students had to attend their classes at 9 o’clock, but none of them were to be seen in
the classroom. They were therefore punished severely by the principal the next day. (Their,
them, They—the students)

5. The apples are rotten now. They were bought yesterday, but no one ate them. (They, them
— the apples)

EXERCISE C

Tourists love the fort at Aurangabad as the ruins of some old fortifications stand in a beautiful
manner on three hills. There is an old fort on the top of one of the hills, which can be reached by
a narrow bridge that lies across a wide chasm between the hills. The sight is so splendid that one
remembers it forever. A great wall which is now broken in many places, runs around the three
hills and a deep chasm touches the wall. The fortifications were built by the Maratha kings and
are great feats of engineering skill; they are almost wonders to modern humans.
EXERCISE D

1. The traders went on a strike yesterday because of the rising transport costs.

2. The politicians of the day believe in igniting emotions of the people for their own ends.

3. Teachers are not so dedicated to the cause of education these days.

4. Social functions are not attended by many of the faculty in this university.

5. Mr Khan will be leaving for Chennai tomorrow.

EXERCISE E

1. The mangoes were ripe, but the seller had to struggle very hard to sell them.

2. The computer was not in a good condition and so he had to sell it quickly and get another one.

3. Mr Sastri gave the child a good book to read and she thanked him heartily.

4. It has been raining heavily all night, and the fields are full of water now.

5. The Sens are quite happy with their new colony.

EXERCISE F

1. Lakshmi sends emails to all her friends now and then.

2. The sales section of the factory is on the fourth floor.

3. Marketing personnel have to travel to distant places at short notice.

4. The weight of the apples was not measured correctly.

5. Which is the capital of Switzerland?

EXERCISE G

1. She was both tired and hungry; yet she tried her best to finish the work.

2. Mr Patnaik did not come to the office yesterday, but there was no information from him.

3. Most engineering students want to go abroad to work though there is ample scope for work
in India too.

4. The water was very cold, but the child still jumped into the pool.
5. The novel was a beautiful gift, although it was very expensive.

EXERCISE H

1. He loved old songs.

2. A dog is sitting on the grass.

3. The train is on the platform.

4. The water is cold.

5. The food is delicious.

6. The moon rose at seven o’clock this evening.

7. A man is ringing the doorbell.

8. The library is on the first floor.

9. They watched a movie last night.

8. I walk to college every day.

11. My sister loves coffee.

12. The book is rather boring.

13. The cow is running around the tree.

14. The buildings in the city are tall.

15. Simran and I have known each other since kindergarten.

EXERCISE I

1. Where did they go?

2. Who are going to the library?

3. Which bus goes to the Ravindra Bharati School?

4. Why was the baby crying?

5. When did you wake up this morning?

6. When does the train come in the afternoon?

7. How tall is your brother?

8. Paris is the capital of which country?

9. Which of your legs hurts?

10. What are you reading right now?

11. How far is your house from the station?

12. How regularly does your mother go for a walk?

13. Which fruit do you think is the tastiest?

14. How many pets do you have?

EXERCISE J

1. Whose book is this?

2. Why are you standing here?

3. Which is faster, the red car or the blue car?

4. When is your English exam?

5. How are you feeling today?

6. Where are they from?

7. What are you eating?

8. How does your sister go to school?

9. When did you buy this?

VOCABULARY

EXERCISE A

1. gen 2. graph 3. dict 4. port 5. dict 6. mit 7. photo 8. tele

EXERCISE B

1. telephone, gramophone

2. temporary, temperature

3. alteration, alternative

4. thermal, thermometer

5. paternal, paternity

6. monograph, monogram

7. aquarium, aquamarine

8. percent, century

9. vocal, vocabulary

10. actor, acting

11. multimedia, multiple

12. astral, astronomy

EXERCISE C

1. Prefix: pre; Root: view

2. Root: child, Suffix: ish

3. Prefix: dis; Root: appear

4. Root: correct; Suffix: ion

5. Prefix: auto; root: graph

6. Root: method; suffix: ical

7. Root: bio; Suffix: logy

Pre: micro; Root: scope

8. Root: happy; Suffix: ness

Root: content; Suffix: ment

9. Prefix: air; Root: port

Root: Visible; Suffix: ity

10. Prefix: over; Root: look Suffix: ing

11. Prefix: un; Root: believe; Suffix: able

12. Prefix: re; Root: move; Suffix: d

13. Prefix: in; Root: formal; Suffix: ly

14. Root: manufacture; Suffix: s

15. Root: contra; Suffix: dicts

16. Prefix: post; Root: graduate

17. Prefix: bio; Root: graphy

18. Prefix: pre; Root: dict

EXERCISE D

1. befriend

2. underestimates/overestimates

3. championship

4. illegal

5. handful

6. combination

EXERCISE E

1f; 2j; 3l; 4g; 5h; 6a; 7e; 8d; 9i; 10c

EXERCISE F

1. hardly
2. dangerous

3. urgent

4. crossing

5. longed for

6. heartless

EXERCISE

1a; 2c; 3a; 4c; 5a; 6c

EXERCISE H

1. inaccurate

2. careful

3. improper

4. exterior

5. justice

6. misunderstd

7. EXERCISE

1. compassionate

2. honest

3. egoistic

4. fire-proof
5. careful

6. attraction