Linguistic theory of translation
The scientific description of the translation process as an interlingual
interpretation, this is the linguistic theory of translation. It looks like a
conversion of a gripe, into a text in another language without loss of
meaning and preserving equivalence. The task of linguistic theory is to
build a translation process, in the sense of converting the text in one
language into text on the other. We can say that linguistic theory is a
definite scheme that reflects all the processes and manipulations with the
translation. When it comes to theoretical modeling, linguistic theory, like
any conceptual model, shows not all, but certain and most significant
features of the translation process. This means that not everything in the
original language and the translation language falls under the effect of
translation theory, but only that it has regular repetitions and regularity.
In a thorough analysis of the source and output text, a large number of
irregular and non-repeating language links appear, which do not fall under
the influence of the linguistic theory of translation. It is these unstable and
irregular conformances that present a huge complexity for the translator.
The creative nature of translation activity is precisely in the ability to find
single, not predictable by the theory of correspondence.
To date, there are a number of translation models in modern linguistic
theory. All of them are correct from a certain point of view, since each
model has its own representation of the same phenomenon, but for its
part. Of course, none of the models can claim globality and accuracy.
Most often, they complement each other and have many coincidences,
their totality allows us to present all the complexities and varieties of the
translation process.
Let’s try to answer a simple and at the same time difficult question: Do
you need to know the theory of translation for work as an interpreter? To
begin with, it should be noted that knowledge of the linguistic theory of
translation helps the interpreter to be convinced of the objectivity of the
decisions made. Secondly, modern translations cannot be performed
without using the terminology of the theory of translations, which helps
the translator to express in a single word the complex phenomenon
occurring in translation and is done not for pomposity, but for the
translation to look more compact and accessible. In our modern civilized
world, in every profession there are “losers” and translation is not an
exception. The presence of such performers in the field of linguistic
services brings a lot of harm not only to others, but to themselves. In the
constantly evolving infrastructure of the translation industry, modern
requirements for the person are very high and only the representative of
the profession who knows what the translation process is and its result
from the theoretical point of view can be entrusted with serious work.
Only an interpreter who knows the linguistic theory of translation is able
to determine the features and the very essence of the translation task,
this is thirdly. To date, the key to successful translation is the knowledge
and understanding of translation theory.
The essence of the translation consists in working with two texts or verbal
utterances, using interlingual transformations. Fullness and suitability help
determine the quality of the translation. Comprehensiveness and accuracy
in conveying the meaning of the original in the target language and
stylistic conformity to it, mean the usefulness of the translation. There are
two ways of transferring the form in combination with the content: the
reconstruction of the features of the form of the original and the formation
of functional relationships to these features. Proceeding from this, when
carrying out the translation it is necessary to take into account the
peculiarity of the form of the original, the characteristic style of the text,
and not simply to copy the form of the source material. In the work of an
interpreter or a translation agency, there are a variety of texts, in some of
them, the lexical and grammatical features of the original, can be
presented in several versions, this must be taken into account when
carrying out work with the text.
To obtain a translation of high quality, the performer must overcome a
number of difficulties. The interpreter’s relationship with thinking and
language perception has a tremendous impact on the result. These factors
help the performer to cope with the difficulties of translation in the
psycholinguistic plan. Depending on the person’s thinking, difficulties in
translation may have different solutions and will be presented in a
completely different way. The essence of the matter lies in a different
worldview and perception.
In order to make an adequate translation, it is necessary to have the
latest dictionaries, relevant literature, knowledge, skills and experience of
the interpreter himself.
