Tribhuvan University

Institute of Information & Communication Technology

A Final Year Internship Report

On
"MERN STACK DEVELOPMENT"
At
Innovative Techno Consultant Pvt. Ltd
In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Bachelor's Degree
In
Information and Communication Technology Education
(Course Code: ICT. Ed. 495)

Submitted by:

Madan Khadka (76500014)

[T.U. Reg. No: 9-2-50-888-2019]

Submitted to:

Butwal Multiple Campus

Department of Information Communication and Technology Education

Golpark, Butwal
February 2025

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 SUPERVISOR RECOMMENDATION

I hereby recommend that this internship work under my supervision by Madan Khadka
entitled "MERN Stack Development in Innovative Techno" in partial fulfillment of the
requirement for Bachelor's Degree in Information and Communication Technology
Education of Tribhuvan University be processed for the evaluation.

……………………………..

Mr. Meghraj Acharya

Internship Supervisor

Butwal Multiple Campus

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LETTER OF APPROVAL

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The internship opportunity I had at Innovative Techno Consultant was a great chance for
learning and professional development. Therefore, I consider myself as a very lucky
individual as I was provided with an opportunity to be a part of it. I am also grateful for
having a chance to meet so many wonderful people and professionals who led me through
this internship period. The success and final outcome of this project required a lot of
guidance and assistance from many people and I am very fortunate to have got this all
along the completion of this project.

Firstly, I would like to give my gratitude towards my mentor, Mr. Sudeep Dhakal, for
his tremendous support. Without his support and encouragement, it would have been
difficult to work on.

I would like to give special thanks to Mr. Meghraj Acharya (Supervisor) for his
trustworthy help towards making this report standard as per the norms and values. I could
not have done this work without the lots of help that I received cheerfully from my
college “Butwal Multiple Campus”.

Finally, I would also like to acknowledge my family and friends whose support and
encouragement has been a key factor in my success.

Finally, at the end, I would like to express my sincere thanks and appreciation to all my
colleagues and seniors who have helped me directly or indirectly during this internship
period. I would like to make them the part of my success.

Thanking You,

Madan Khadka

T.U. Exam Roll No: 76500014

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 ABSTRACT
This project involves the development of a comprehensive e-commerce platform for
Mern Shop, a company specializing in electronic goods, using the MERN stack
(MongoDB, Express JS, React, Node JS). The primary objective was to create a dynamic,
user- friendly, and secure online shopping experience. As the frontend developer, my
responsibilities included designing and implementing responsive user interfaces, ensuring
efficient state management with Redux Toolkit, and integrating frontend components
with backend services. Key features developed include a detailed product catalog, user
authentication, secure payment processing, and an admin dashboard for managing
products and orders. The project also involved thorough testing and optimization to
ensure high performance and scalability. The result is a robust e-commerce platform that
enhances Mern Shop's online presence and provides an exceptional user experience, while
also offering valuable real-world development experience and professional growth
opportunities for the internship.
Keywords: Comprehensive, MERN Stack, Responsive, Product Catalog, Frontend,
Backend, Optimization, Scalability

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 CONTENTS
SUPERVISOR RECOMMENDATION..............................................................................2
LETTER OF APPROVAL...................................................................................................3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...................................................................................................4
LIST OF ABBREVATIONS...............................................................................................7
LISTS OF FIGURES...........................................................................................................8
LISTS OF TABLES.............................................................................................................9
CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION......................................................................................10
1.1 Introduction to the Internship Program....................................................................10

1.2-Problem Statement...................................................................................................11

1.3 Objectives of Internship...........................................................................................12

1.4 Scope and Limitations..............................................................................................12

1.4.1 Scope..................................................................................................................12
1.4.2 Limitations.........................................................................................................12
1.5 Report Organization.................................................................................................12

2.1-Introduction of the Organization..............................................................................14

2.2-Organizational Hierarchy.........................................................................................14

2.3-Working Domains of Organization..........................................................................15

2.4 Description of Intern Department.............................................................................16

2.5-Literature Review.....................................................................................................17

CHAPTER 3 - INTERNSHIP ACTIVITIES.....................................................................18

3.1-Roles and Responsibilities.......................................................................................18

3.2-Weekly Log..............................................................................................................19

3.3-Description of the Project Involved During Internship............................................21

CHAPTER 4-CONCLUSION AND LEARNING OUTCOMES.....................................23

4.1 - Conclusion..............................................................................................................23

4.2-Learning Outcome....................................................................................................23

REFRENCES.....................................................................................................................24
APPENDICES....................................................................................................................25

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 LIST OF ABBREVATIONS
BICT Bachelor in Information Communication and Technology
CEO Chief Operating Officer
DFD Data Flow Diagram
IDE Integrated Development Environment
IT Information Technology
MongoDB Mongoose Database
SEO Search Engine Optimization
UML Unified Modeling Language

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 LISTS OF FIGURES
Figure 2. 3 Organization Hierarchy...............................................................................................15

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 LISTS OF TABLES
Table 1. 1 Internship Period Details..............................................................................................10

Table 3. 2 Weekly Log of work Performed...................................................................................19

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 CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction to the Internship Program

As part of the 9th semester course requirement for the Bachelor of Education in
Information Communication and Technology (Bed. ICT) program at Tribhuvan
University, students are required to complete a six-credit internship that lasts a
minimum of 10 weeks. This internship is an integral part of the academic curriculum,
designed to provide students with hands-on experience in their field of study.

The internship experience is expected to assist the students to face complex real world
problems. Going to a college or university is a critical step, but one can greatly enhance
their classroom learning by gaining real world experience through college student
internships. In addition to gaining great experience to complete our classroom learning,
college internships allow us to beef up our portfolio or résumé and make valuable
industry contacts that can be essential to landing the ideal job upon graduation.
Further, as college student internships are also competitive, one can make the most of
other opportunities available to them by finding a campus job in the field. College
internships are beneficial because they get us both experience and contacts.
Graduating students with paid or unpaid internships on their resume have a much better
chance at landing a full-time position upon graduation. Students are doing internships as
undergraduates, and it is now not unusual for recent grads to take an unpaid internship
with hopes of turning it into a permanent position or at least making some contacts and
building their resume.
I had the privilege of completing my internship at Innovative Techno Consultant Pvt.
Ltd., a well-established organization in the field. During my internship, I worked for a
total of three months, gaining practical experience and exposure to the professional
world. This opportunity allowed me to apply my classroom learning to real-world tasks
and helped me improve my technical and interpersonal skills.
I worked for a total of 3 months as an intern at Innovative Techno Consultant Pvt. Ltd.
The details of my internship period in the organization are summarized in the following
table:

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 Table 1. 1 Internship Period Details

Internship Start Date 2080-12-04

Internship End Date: 2081-03-01
Working Days: Sunday - Friday
Position: MERN Stack Developer
Supervisor: Sudeep Dhakal

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1.2-Problem Statement
In the rapidly evolving digital marketplace, Mern Shop seeks to establish a robust online
presence to meet the increasing demand for electronic goods. The challenge is to develop
an e-commerce platform that not only showcases Mern Shop's diverse range of products
but also provides a seamless and secure shopping experience for its customers. The
existing market is highly competitive, necessitating a platform that is both user-friendly
and feature-rich to attract and retain customers.
The specific problems that need to be addressed in this project include:
1. Complexity of Database Management: Mern Shop requires a well-structured
database to manage a large and varied inventory of electronic products, user information,
orders, and reviews. The database must support efficient data retrieval and ensure data
integrity and security.
2. User Interface and Experience: Mern Shop's platform must offer an intuitive and
responsive user interface that simplifies navigation and enhances the overall shopping
experience. Customers should be able to easily browse products, access detailed
information, and complete purchases with minimal effort.
3. Secure and Efficient Purchasing Process: The platform must support a secure and
efficient purchasing process. This includes implementing reliable payment gateways,
ensuring secure data transmission, and providing order tracking capabilities.
4. Scalability and Performance: As Mern Shop's customer base grows, the platform
must be able to scale effectively to handle increased traffic and transaction volumes
without compromising performance or user experience.

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1.3 Objectives of Internship
The BICTE internship program is designed to develop professional skills among students
and help them become familiar with the working environment. The main objectives of the
internship program can be listed as follows:
 To familiarize oneself to the professional working environment
 To acquire new skills
 To build a résumé for the future
 To test the aptitude of the student for a particular career
 To understand the organization's culture and etiquette
 To gain real world perspective of an occupation
 To establish a relationship with mentors
 To have an opportunity to "test drive" a career
 To have chances to build a network with people in our area of work

1.4 Scope and Limitations

1.4.1 Scope
This report consists of the details of the work that I performed during my internship
period in Innovative Techno Consultant Pvt. Ltd. During the internship period, the major
project that I worked on was E-commerce App for Mern Shop and this report mentions
the system analysis and design of this project, how it is implemented and some of the
testing mechanisms. The report also discusses the knowledge I gained during my time in
the organization.
1.4.2 Limitations
There are some limitations of this internship report. They are listed as follows:
 Each and every part of the functioning of the organization has not been described as
there are restrictions due to the privacy policies of the organization.
 Economic details of the project have not been mentioned due to confidentiality issues.

1.5 Report Organization

Chapter 1: Introduction to the topic that gives an emphasis on the problem statement that
gave an idea to the topic, objectives, scope, limitation that are currently present and our
method of development.
Chapter 2: In detail analysis of previously performed Organization details background
and literature studies.

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Chapter 3: Internship activities like roles and responsibilities, weekly log, description of
the work and technical details of the activities done during the internships are explained
here.
Chapter 4: Conclusion marks an end of the document by summing up the entire project
and opening the door further on research in improving the development system. The
lesson learnt is also included in the chapter.

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 CHAPTER 2-ORGANIZATION DETAILS AND
LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1-Introduction of the Organization

Innovative Techno Consultant Pvt. Ltd. was established in 2012 as a technology
consulting and solutions provider based in Nepal. The organization focuses on delivering
innovative and customized IT solutions to a wide range of industries. Its mission is to
bridge the gap between technology and business by offering cutting-edge solutions
tailored to meet the unique needs of its clients.
The company's core aim is to understand clients' challenges and provide comprehensive
solutions that enhance productivity and operational efficiency. Innovative Techno
Consultant emphasizes creating a collaborative environment where customer needs are
prioritized and transformed into user-friendly and scalable solutions. This commitment is
reflected in the company’s vision of "Innovating Technology for Better Tomorrow."
Innovative Techno Consultant Pvt. Ltd. comprises a team of highly skilled professionals
with expertise in various domains of technology. The company also collaborates with
national and international partners to bring diverse technical knowledge to its clients. Its
portfolio includes software development, IT consulting, system integration, and technical
support services. With a focus on delivering value, the organization helps clients achieve
their business objectives while maintaining a high standard of customer satisfaction.
Table 2.1Contact Details of Organization
Location: Tilottama-07, Bhalwari, Tinkune
Contact No.: +977-9857059631
Email Address: info@innovativetechno.com
Website: https://www.innovativetechno.com

2.2-Organizational Hierarchy
Key Roles and Teams:
 CEO: Oversees overall company operations and strategy.
 Operations Manager: Manages daily operations and project coordination.
o Web Development Team: Focuses on creating and maintaining websites.
o Graphic Design Team: Produces visual content for digital platforms.
 Marketing Manager: Leads marketing strategies and client outreach.

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 o SEO Specialist Team: Optimizes websites for search engines.
o Digital Advertising Team: Manages online advertising campaigns.
 Technical Manager: Handles technical aspects and IT infrastructure.
o IT Support Team: Provides technical support and maintenance.

2.3-Working Domains of Organization

CEO

Operations Manager Marketing Manager Technical Manager

Web SEO Digital

Graphics Specialist
Development Design Advertising IT
Team Team Support
Team Team

Figure 2. 1 Organization Hierarchy

Innovative Techno Consultant Pvt. Ltd. provides multiple services in the area of website
design and development.
The areas of expertise of the organization are:
 Web Design
 Web Development
 Graphic Design
 Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
 Ranking Improvement
 Digital Advertising
 24/7 Customer Support
These services are aimed at delivering fast, secure, and efficient digital solutions tailored
to client needs.

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2.4 Description of Intern Department
The Inter Department at Innovative Techno Consultant is designed to provide a
comprehensive and enriching learning experience for students and recent graduates. It is
structured to support the development of technical and professional skills through hands-
on projects and real applications.
Key Features and Structure of the Internship Program
Orientation and Onboarding:
New interns are welcomed with an orientation program that introduces them to the
company's mission, values, and organizational structure. This program also covers
essential policies, procedures, and tools that will be used during the internship.
Mentorship and Supervision:
Each intern is paired with a mentor or supervisor who provides guidance, support, and
feedback throughout the internship. Mentors are experienced professionals within the
company who help interns navigate their projects and professional development.
Skill Development Workshops:
The department organizes regular workshops and training sessions on various topics such
as coding, project management, communication skills, and industry best practices. These
sessions are aimed at enhancing the interns' technical and soft skills.
Collaboration and Teamwork:
Interns have opportunities to collaborate with different teams and departments within
Innovative Techno Consultant This interdisciplinary approach allows them to gain a
broader understanding of the company's operations and encourages teamwork and
networking
Performance Evaluation:
Interns receive regular feedback through performance evaluations. These evaluations
assess their progress, highlight strengths, and identify areas for improvement.
Constructive feedback helps interns to grow professionally and academically.
Final Presentation and Report:
At the end of the internship, interns are required to present their projects and findings to
the department. They also submit a comprehensive report summarizing their work,
learning experiences, and contributions to the company.

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2.5-Literature Review
In today's digital era, the role of a company website transcends begin a mere online
presence. It has evolved into a dynamic platform that profoundly influences an
organization's success, brand perception, and customer engagement. This literature
review examines the boarder significance of company websites, focusing on their role as
digital ambassadors and drivers of business growth.
Company websites serve as digital business cards, often forming the first point of contact
between a company and its audience. Researchers emphasize their importance of a
positive first impression, highlighting how a well-designed and user friendly website can
establish trust and credibility. Branding experts stress the role of websites in conveying a
brand's identity.
The design, content, and user experience of a website are integral to shaping brand
perception and differentiation in a competitive marketplace. Websites are invaluable tools
for disseminating information. Research underscores the significance of easily accessible,
up to date information to attract and retain customers.

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 CHAPTER 3 - INTERNSHIP ACTIVITIES
3.1-Roles and Responsibilities
At Innovative Techno Consultant Pvt Ltd, I undertook the development of Mern Shop as
a MERN Stack Developer significant project focused on creating a robust e-commerce
platform for electronic goods. In this role, my responsibilities included designing and
implementing backend and frontend modules essential for managing product categories,
inventory levels, customer accounts, order histories, and secure transactions.
Collaborating closely with the team, I also played a key role in integrating advanced
search functionalities to enhance user navigation and satisfaction. Furthermore, I
contributed to generating detailed sales reports and analytics, providing valuable insights
to drive strategic decision-making. Continuous innovation and code optimization were
integral to ensuring that Mern Shop's e-commerce platform remained competitive and
scalable within the electronic goods market.
As a programmer, I performed the following tasks on the E-commerce Website:
1. Develop modules for back-end and front-end interfaces. They performed following
functionalities:
 Updating product categories and inventory levels
 Adding new products and editing their details
 Managing customer accounts and order histories
 Processing orders and managing returns
2. Assist other programmers to add search functions in the application.
3. Give assistance to create detailed sales reports and analytics in the application
4. Give suggestions about new features that could be added in the application and about
how the codes could be optimized.

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3.2-Weekly Log

Table 3. 1 Weekly Log of work Performed

Week Summary of Work Challenges Next Steps

Week- Project Initialization: Kickoff MongoDB Continue
1 meeting, requirements gathering, Documentation development of
environment setup, repository (2023) connection cart feature, Plan
initialization. issues, Session for upcoming
User Authentication: Backend management sprint and update
routes for registration and login, problems, project backlog.
user schema, JWT, frontend Debugging CORS
forms, bcrypt for password issues and
hashing. Product Listing: Product pagination logic.
schema, CRUD routes, frontend
components, pagination, filtering,
API integration.
Testing and Debugging: End-to-
end testing, bug fixes, error
handling, responsive design.
Week- Cart Feature Development: Managing state Complete
2 Designed cart schema and across different checkout process,
implemented API routes. components, Test and integrate
Cart Frontend: Created React Handling edge cart and checkout
components for adding to cart, cases for cart features, Begin
viewing cart, and updating updates and user profile.
quantities. removals.
Checkout Process: Started
designing checkout schema and
backend routes.
UI Improvements: Enhanced
product detail page layout and
styling.
Week- Checkout Process Completion: Payment gateway Finalize user
3 Implemented backend routes for integration issues, profile features,
order processing and payment Ensuring data Implement order
integration. consistency history and
Checkout Frontend: Developed during order management,
React components for checkout processing. Enhance testing
form, order summary, and coverage.
payment gateway integration.
User Profile: Designed user
schema and implemented profile
management routes.
Testing: Conducted end-to-end
testing for cart and checkout
features.
Week- User Profile Completion: Handling large Optimize API
4 Developed React components for datasets for order performance,
viewing and updating user profile. history, Ensuring Conduct usability

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 Order Management: security for user testing, Plan
Implemented backend routes for profile updates. for the next
viewing order history and sprint.
updating order status. Frontend
Integration: Connected user
profile and order management
APIs to frontend.
UI Enhancements: Improved
overall website styling and
responsiveness.
Week- API Optimization: Enhanced Identifying Implement
5 performance of critical APIs for performance wishlist and
faster response times. bottlenecks, product reviews
Usability Testing: Conducted Prioritizing bug backend.
user testing sessions and gathered fixes based on
feedback. user feedback.
Bug Fixes: Addressed issues
reported during usability testing.
Week- Wishlist and Reviews: Integrating new Integrate new
6 Completed backend routes and features features into the
frontend components for wishlist seamlessly, frontend, Finalize
and product reviews. Ensuring wishlist and
UI/UX Improvements: Made backward reviews features,
significant design improvements compatibility Conduct
based on user feedback. during continuous thorough security
Security Enhancements: Added integration. testing and Plan
additional security layers for user next sprint.
data and transactions.
Continuous Integration: Set up
CI/CD pipelines.
Week- Security Testing: Conducted Handling security Implement
7 thorough security audits and vulnerabilities analytics and
implemented necessary fixes. identified during reporting
Finalization of New Features: audits features.
Ensured wishlist and product
reviews are fully functional and Ensuring minimal
integrated downtime during Enhance admin
Performance Monitoring: Set up deployments. dashboard plan
monitoring tools to track website for the next sprint
performance and user activity
Continuous Deployment:
Improve CI/CD pipelines for
smoother deployments.
Week- Analytics and Reporting: Ensuring accurate Plan and
8 Development backend routes and data collection prioritize features
frontend components for admin and reporting. for the final
analytics and user activity reports. sprint.
Admin Dashboard Balancing new
Enhancements: Added more feature Continue to
functionalities and improve UI for development with gather and

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 the admin dashboard. performance implement user
Performance Monitoring: monitoring. feedback.
Continued monitoring and made
adjustments based on metrics
User Feedback: Collected and
analyzed feedback for continuous
improvement.
Week- Final Sprint Planning: Coordinating user Prepare for
9 Prioritized and planed final training and project launch.
features and Improvements based documentation.
on user feedback and project Conduct final
goals. Ensuring all reviews and make
Bug Fixes and Enhancement: features meet user any necessary
Addressed remaining bugs and expectations. adjustments.
made final tweaks to existing
features.
User Training: Created
documentation and conducted
training sessions for end-users
Week- Project Lunch Preparation: Addressing post- Continue post-
10 Finalize all features and ensured lunch issues. lunch support.
deployment readiness.
Lunch: Successfully lunched the
e-commerce website

3.3-Description of the Project Involved During Internship

During my tenure at Innovative Techno Consultant Pvt Ltd, I had the opportunity to
spearhead the development of Mern Shop, an e-commerce platform specializing in
electronic goods. Mern Shop aimed to deliver a seamless shopping experience to its
customers by providing a user- friendly interface and robust backend functionalities. As
the lead programmer on this project, my primary responsibility was to meticulously
design and implement modular components such as models, views, and controllers. These
modules were essential for managing critical functions like product inventory, customer
accounts, and order processing, ensuring that the platform operated efficiently and
integrated seamlessly.
One of the key challenges and accomplishments during my time at Innovative Techno
Consultant was leveraging a comprehensive initial database provided by the client. This
database contained diverse entries detailing customer profiles and preferences, which
played a pivotal role in tailoring the user experience and enhancing the platform's
functionality. Collaborating closely with the development team, we continuously refined
features, implemented advanced search functionalities, and integrated analytics tools to
optimize performance and user engagement metrics.

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Through this project, I gained invaluable experience in developing scalable e-commerce
solutions and contributing to the success of Mern Shop within the competitive market of
electronic good.

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CHAPTER 4-CONCLUSION AND LEARNING OUTCOMES
4.1 - Conclusion
Working as an intern at Innovative Techno Consultant Pvt. Ltd. was a great experience
for me. This was my first crack at working in a professional environment. Before being
involved as an intern in the organization, I only had an outside view and an insight as an
observer as to how a professional organization functioned. But after completion of my
internship, I got an inside view of professional surroundings and gained experience by
being involved in the day-to-day activities directly. The IT industry is one of the leading
industries in Nepal today. The internship program helped me learn about the growth of
this industry and gain further knowledge about it. Working at Innovative Techno
Consultant also helped me broaden my technical knowledge in the programming field. I
only had basic knowledge about Android programming language before my involvement
as an intern. During my stay in the organization, I also got to broaden my knowledge
about Android. I also learnt some basic AJAX functionalities.
Overall, the internship program helped me develop skills such as handling real-world
problems, working under the rules and regulations of an organization, working under a
deadline and 17 working under pressure. It helped me gain technical knowledge as well
as professional experience which will be very helpful throughout my professional career.

4.2-Learning Outcome
By the completion of the internship, the interns learned many things and got practical
experience of the academic syllabus. The internship helped me a lot to acquire knowledge
on several domains, frameworks, technologies, and many more. This internship can be
incredibly valuable learning experience providing interns with opportunities to develop
both technical and professional skills while gaining real-world experience and making
important connections and develop work habits and attitudes necessary for job success.
Develop communication, inter-personal and other critical skills in the job interview
process. Build a record of work experience.

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REFRENCES

25
 APPENDICES
Below are some sample screenshots of the application:

(1) Landing page and Product Section of Mern Shop

(2) Login Form for User and Admin

(3) Cart items of Mern Shop

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(4) Wishlist of Mern Shop

(5) Add Product section of Mern Shop

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(7) Order History of Mern Shop

(8) All Orders of Mern Shop

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29