IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

Objective Question
Practice Program
(OQPP)
The Objective Question Practice Program (OQPP),
an online course by IES MASTER, has been designed
and structured to facilitate engineering students
aspiring for ESE, GATE, State PSCs or any other
Engineering Exams.
By taking the OQPP program of IES Master,
aspirants learn to deduce the right answer while
attempting objective questions, get conceptual
clarity on various important topics, and build upon
their time management skills.
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

IRRIGATION
QUESTIONS

CHAPTER-1
Irrigation & Methods of Irrigation

Conceptual Numerical Questions

IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

The most economical method of soil conservation is to

(a) construct check dams
(b) construct contour bunds
(c) drain the soil
(d) afforest the area
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

Which of the following methods of applying water may be used on rolling land?
(a) border flooding
(b) check flooding
(c) furrow flooding
(d) free flooding
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

Pinpoint the correct statement:

(a) irrigation helps in adopting mixed cropping
(b) ‘mixed cropping’ means sowing of a different crop after a particular crop has been grown
(c) over-irrigation may lead to saving in fertilizers
(d) irrigation helps in avoiding mixed cropping.
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

Assertion (A): In the border strip method of irrigation, the size of the strip depends on soil characteristics, slope
of the land and discharge.
Reason (R): Border strip method is a controlled type of subsurface irrigation method.

Codes:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

For growing irrigated paddy, the ideal water application method is

(a) furrow irrigation
(b) check basin irrigation
(c) border method of irrigation
(d) sprinkler irrigation
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

In a field under furrow irrigation, ‘furrows’ are referred to represent:

(a) ridges on which crops are grown
(b) narrow ditches which carry irrigation water
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) neither (a) nor (b)
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

Identify the incorrect statement pertaining to furrow irrigation:

(a) Furrow irrigation is suitable for soils that have a very high infiltration rate
(b) The furrow method can be adopted to lands having a wide range of natural slopes
(c) Compared to check basin method, there is considerably less wastage of land in furrow irrigation
(d) Evaporation losses in furrow irrigation is relatively small when compared to the check-basin method
of irrigation.
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

A sprinkler irrigation system is suitable when

(a) The land gradient is steep
(b) The soil is having low permeability
(c) The water table is low
(d) The crops to be grown have deep roots
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

Which of the following statements pertaining to sprinkler irrigation is not correct?

(a) No extra cost of land preparation is involved in sprinkler irrigation
(b) Excessive soil erosion is initiated by sprinkler irrigation
(c) Sprinklers can be used for the application of liquid fertilizers also
(d) Sprinkler irrigation is particularly advantageous in hilly terrains.
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

Assertion (A): Sprinkler method of irrigation has a higher water application/use efficiency.
Reason (R): Sprinkler system causes less interference in cultivation and other farming operations.

Codes:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

Method of applying water directly to the root zone of the plant is called__________.
(a) Check flooding
(b) Drip method
(c) Furrow method
(d) Sprinkling method
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

Which of the statements given below is not correct?

In a trickle irrigation system
(a) deep percolation and runoff are practically eliminated
(b) the water application efficiency is very high
(c) the evapotranspiration is practically eliminated
(d) the fertilizer can be applied economically along with the irrigation water.
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

In contour border irrigation method

(a) the supply ditch runs along the contour
(b) the drainage channel runs along the contour
(c) the border strips are on the approximate contour and have uniform longitudinal gradient
(d) the border strips are normal to the contour and level across the strip.
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

Salinity in irrigation water is measured by:

(a) SAR value
(b) Electrical-conductivity value
(c) pH-value
(d) none of the above
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

The electrical conductivity of Medium saline water (C 2) at 25°C is of the order of:

(a) 50 to 100  / cm (b) 100  250  / cm

(c) 250  750  / cm (d) 750  1550  / cm

IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

If the electrical conductivity of water is in between 750 to 2250 micro mhos/cm at 25°C, then it is classified as
(a) low salinity water
(b) medium salinity water
(c) high salinity water
(d) very high salinity water
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) is defined as

Na Na
(a) (b)
Ca
 Mg 
2 Ca  Mg 

Na
2 Na
(c) Ca  Mg  (d)
Ca  Mg 
2
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

The Sodium Absorption Ratio of an irrigation water is 8. This water will be called:
(a) low sodium water
(b) medium sodium water
(c) high sodium water
(d) none of the above
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

The value of Sodium Absorption Ratio for high sodium water lies between
(a) 0 to 10
(b) 10 to 18
(c) 18 to 26
(d) 26 to 34
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

Addition of gypsum to the irrigation water is recommended to overcome difficulties posed by :

(a) highly saline irrigation supplies
(b) irrigation supplies containing high quantities of sodium
(c) irrigation supplies containing heavy sediment
(d) all of the above
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

The most suitable water for irrigation is:

(a) C 1—S 1
(b) C 2—S 2
(c) C 4—S 1
(d) C 1—S 4
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

The time required to irrigate a strip of area 0.203 hectare by a stream discharge of 0.043 cumec, to provide an
average depth of 6.35 cm to the field, is: (assume average rate of infiltration to be 5 cm/h)
(a) 2.75 hour
(b) 1.35 hour
(c) 1.5 hour
(d) 1.90 hour
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

Consider the following data for irrigation water

Milli - equivalent
The sodium-Absorption ratio (SAR) is nearly Concentration
(a) 13.1 per litre

(b) 14.3 1 Na 24

(c) 15.5 2 Ca 3.6
(d) 16.7 3 Mg  2
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

Irrigation water having the concentration of Na++, Ca++ and Mg++ as 20, 3 and 1 milli-equivalent per liter
respectively will be classified as
(a) low sodium water
(b) medium sodium water
(c) high sodium water
(d) very high sodium water
IRRIGATION QUESTIONS

Thank
You
 SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

Objective Question
Practice Program
(OQPP)
The Objective Question Practice Program (OQPP),
an online course by IES MASTER, has been designed
and structured to facilitate engineering students
aspiring for ESE, GATE, State PSCs or any other
Engineering Exams.
By taking the OQPP program of IES Master,
aspirants learn to deduce the right answer while
attempting objective questions, get conceptual
clarity on various important topics, and build upon
their time management skills.
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

IRRIGATION
QUESTIONS

CHAPTER-2

Soil Moisture & Plant Relationship

Conceptual Numerical Questions

SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

The moisture held by a well drained soil against gravity drainage, by the force of surface tension between the
soil grains and water drops, is called:
(a) field capacity water (b) hygroscopic water
(c) capillary water (d) water of adhesion.
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

The water which can be utilized by the crops from the soil is called:
(a) field capacity water (b) capillary water
(c) hygroscopic water (d) none of the above
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

Permanent wilting point moisture content for a crop represents the :

(a) hygroscopic water (b) capillary water
(c) field capacity water (d) none of the above
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

Permanent wilting point is

(a) a characteristic of the plant
(b) a soil characteristic
(c) a soil characteristic modified by the crop
(d) a dependent on soil-water-plant-fertilizer interaction
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

At field capacity, water is held in most of the soils at a tension of

(a) 15 atmospheres (b) zero atmosphere
(c) 1/3 atmosphere (d) 1 atmosphere
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

The moisture tension for a soil is 8 atmospheres. The soil is then at

(a) Permanent wilting point (b) Field capacity
(c) Optimum moisture content (d) Equivalent moisture
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

Available moisture is the difference in water content of soil between field capacity and __________.
(a) Gravitational water (b) Permanent wilting point
(c) Saturation capacity (d) Optimum Moisture content
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

The optimum moisture content (m.c.) which is retained in the root zone of a soil, before applying irrigation
water, is:
(a) equal to : (the field capacity m.c.–wilting point m.c.)
(b) less than : (the field capacity m.c.–wilting point m.c.)
(c) more than : (the field capacity m.c.–wilting point m.c.)
(d) may be more or less than : (the field capacity m.c.–wilting point m.c.) depending upon the crop grown.
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

Consider the following statements

Irrigation water has to be supplied to the crops when the moisture level falls
1. below field capacity
2. to wilting point
3. below wilting point
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 (b) 2 only
(c) 3 only (d) 2 and 3
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

Consider the following statements in connection with soil-water-crop relationship:

1. Water utilization by plants is mainly from capillary water.
2. The amount of irrigation water required to meet the evapotranspiration needs of the crop during its full
growth duration is its consumptive irrigation requirement.
3. The depth of water required to bring the soil-moisture level of a given soil up to its field capacity is called
hygroscopic water.
4. With continuous increase in quantity of water applied, the yield of most crops increases up to a certain
limit and then is expected to be constant.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 and 4 only (d) 1 and 4 only
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

Irrigation of a field is normally warranted when the available moisture content in the root zone of a crop is
depleted by about
(a) 10% (b) 100%
(c) 0% (d) 50%
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

Irrigation frequency is a function of

(a) crop only (b) soil, crop and climate
(c) soil, crop, climate and fertilizer (d) soil and climate.
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

A clayey soil has a field capacity of 35% and permanent wilting point of 20%. If the specific weight of the soil
is 12.75 kN/m3, the available moisture holding capacity in 0.80 cm depth of soil, constituting the root zone
depth of a crop, is
(a) 15.6 cm (b) 17.5 cm
(c) 20.8 cm (d) 36.4 cm
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

The field capacity of a soil is 25%, its permanent wilting point is 15% and specific dry unit weight is 1.5. If the
depth of root zone of crop is 80 cm, the storage capacity of the soil is
(a) 8 cm (b) 10 cm
(c) 12 cm (d) 14 cm
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

What is the moisture depth available for evapotranspiration in root zone of 1 m depth soil, if dry weight of soil
is 1.5 gm/cc, field capacity is 30% and permanent wilting point is 10%?
(a) 450 mm (b ) 300 mm
(c) 200 mm (d) 150 mm
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

The following data were noted from an irrigation field :

1. Field capacity = 20%
2. Permanent wilting point = 10%
3. Permissible depletion of available soil moisture = 50%
4. Dry unit weight of soil = 15 kN/m3
5. Effective rainfall = 50 mm
The net irrigation requirement per meter depth of soil will be
(a) 75mm (b) 125 mm
(c) 50 mm (d) 25 mm
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

Consider the following data

Root zone depth = 2 m
Existing water content = 5%
Dry density of soil = 15 kN/m3
Water applied to their soil = 500 m3
Water loss due to evaporation and deep percolation = 10%
Area of plot = 1000 m2
The field capacity of the soil will be nearly.
(a) 16.8 % (b) 17.7 %
(c) 18.8 % (d) 19.7 %
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

Calculate the permanent wilting point if the depth of water in the root zone at the permanent wilting point per
meter depth of soil is 0.4 m. The dry density of the soil is 16 KN/m3.
(a) 0.025 (b) 0.245
(c) 0.4 (d) 0.64
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

In a cultivated area, the soil has porosity of 45% and field capacity of 38%. For a particular crop, the root zone
depth is 1.0 m, the permanent wilting point is 10% and the consumptive use is 15 mm/day. If the irrigation
efficiency is 60%, what should be the frequency of irrigation such that the moisture content does not fall below
50% of the maximum available moisture?
(a) 5 days (b) 6 days
(c) 9 days (d) 11 days
SOIL MOISTURE & PLANT RELATIONSHIP – Question

Thank
You
 Objective Question
Practice Program
(OQPP)
The Objective Question Practice Program (OQPP),
an online course by IES MASTER, has been designed
and structured to facilitate engineering students
aspiring for ESE, GATE, State PSCs or any other
Engineering Exams.
By taking the OQPP program of IES Master,
aspirants learn to deduce the right answer while
attempting objective questions, get conceptual
clarity on various important topics, and build upon
their time management skills.
 IRRIGATION
QUESTIONS

CHAPTER-3

Water Requirements of Crops

Conceptual Numerical Questions

WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

Delta (D) in cm, Duty (D) in hectare/cumec and Base period (B) in days are related as
(a) D = 864 B/D (b) B = 864 D/D
(c) B = 864 D/D (d) D = 8.64 B/D
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

The duty of irrigation water for a given crop is maximum:

(a) on the field (b) at the head of the main canal
(c) at the head of the water-course (d) none of them
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

The outlet discharge factor is

(a) the ratio of the actual discharge of an outlet to its designed value
(b) the ratio of the discharge out of an outlet to the discharge in the parent channel
(c) the duty based on the discharge passing through the outlet
(d) the flow loss at the outlet.
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

The duty at the end point of a canal minor, where the Govt. control usually ceases, is called:
(a) duty on field (b) outlet duty
(c) flow duty (d) storage duty.
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

Which of the following statement is correct for duty of water?

(a) It increases with an increase in temperature.
(b) It increases with an increase in wind speed.
(c) It increases with an increase in humidity.
(d) It is not affected by climatic conditions.
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

The first important watering of crops is usually called:

(a) Paleo watering (b) Kor-watering
(c) Crop-watering (d) All of the above.
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

Statement (I) : Duty of drip irrigation is very high

Statement (II) : Losses are least in drip irrigation.
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

Which of the following is not correctly matched?

(a) Rice–Kharif (b) Wheat–Rabi
(c) Barley–Kharif (d) Potatoe–Rabi
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

The capacity factor of a canal is

(a) the duty based on the discharge at the canal head works
(b) the ratio of the number of days the canal has actually run to the number of days of the irrigation period
(c) the ratio of mean supply to the design capacity of the canal
(d) the ratio of discharge in the canal in the kharif season and rabi season.
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

The two columns below show some parameters and their possible values:
Which of the following options matches the parameters and the values correctly?
(a) P-I, Q-II, R-III, S-IV Parameters Value
I  100 hectares / cumec
(b) P-III, Q-VI, R-I, S-V P  Gross Command Area II  6 C
(c) P-I, Q-V, R-VI, S-II Q  Permanent Wilting Point III  1000 hectares
R  Duty of canal water IV  1000 cm
(d) P-III, Q-II, R-V, S-IV S  Delta of water V  40 0cm
VI  0.12
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

The water conveyance efficiency of an irrigation system is

Crop yield Water actually stored in the root zone
(a) (b)
Total amount of water used in the field Water delivered to the farm
Consumptive use Water reaching the farm
(c) (d)
Water delivered from the source Water delivered form the source
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

The ratio of the water stored in the root zone of a crop, to the water actually delivered to the crop in the field,
is known as
(a) water conveyance efficiency (b) water application efficiency
(c) water use efficiency (d) none of the above
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

The ratio of the water stored in the root zone during irrigation, to the water needed in the root zone prior to
irrigation, is called:
(a) efficiency of water use (b) efficiency of water storage
(c) efficiency of water application (d) efficiency of water conveyance
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

If the irrigation water applied to a field penetrates uniformly throughout, then the water distribution
efficiency is:
(a) 1 (b) 0
(c) 0.5 (d) none of them, as more data is required to ascertain it.
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

Consumptive use of water for a crop represents:

(a) The transpiration needs of the crop
(b) evaporation needs of the cropped area
(c) evapotranspiration needs of the cropped area plus the minor quantity required in plant metabolism
(d) None of the above
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

Net irrigation requirement of a crop is equal

(a) consumptive use
(b) consumptive use—effective rainfall
(c) consumptive use—effective rainfall + leaching and other requirements
(d) per collation loss + effective rainfall.
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

The Gross Irrigation Requirement (GIR) of water is equal of

(a) NIR ha (b) NIR ha hc
ha
(c) NIR  (d) none of above
hc
where ha = water application efficiency
hc = water conveyance efficiency
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

Consider the following terms relating to irrigation requirements :

1. Consumptive irrigation requirement
2. Net irrigation requirement
3. Field irrigation requirement
4. Gross irrigation requirement
For a given set up, which one of the following is the correct relation?
(a) 1>2>3>4 (b) 1<2<3<4
(c) (1 = 2) < 3 < 4 (d) 1 < (2 = 3) < 4
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

Given that the base period is 100 days and the duty of the canal is 1000 hectares per cumec, the depth of
water will be
(a) 0.864 cm (b) 8.64 cm
(c) 86.4 cm (d) 864 cm
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

If the depth is 8.64 cm on a field over a base period of 10 days, then the duty is
(a) 10 hectares per cu.m/s (b) 100 hectares per cu.m/s
(c) 864 hectares per cu.m/s (d) 1000 hectares per cu.m/s
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

A field of 500 hectares is to be irrigated for a particular crop having 100 days base period. The total depth of
water required by the crop is 100 cm. Calculate the duty of the water (in hectares per cubic meter).
(a) 8.64 (b) 57.87
(c) 86.4 (d) 864
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

The discharge capacity required at the outlet to irrigate 3000 ha of sugarcane having a kor depth of 173 mm
and a kor period of 30 days is
(a) 2.0 m3/s (b) 1.0 m3/s
(c) 20 m3/s (d) 0.20 m3/s
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

An outlet irrigates an area of 20 ha. Discharge (L/s) required at this outlet to meet the evapotranspiration
requirement of 20 mm occurring uniformly in 20 days neglecting other field losses
(a) 2.52 (b) 2.31
(c) 2.01 (d) 1.52
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

A tube well having a capacity of 4m3/hour-operates for 20 hours each day during the irrigation season. How
much area can be commanded if the irrigation interval is 20 days and depth of irrigation is 7 cm?
(a) 1.71 × 104m2 (b) 1.14 × 104m2
(c) 22.9 × 104m2 (d) 2.29 × 104m2
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

The culturable commanded area for a distributary is 2 × 108m2. The intensity of irrigation for a crop is 40%. If kor
water depth and kor period for the crop are 14 cm and 4 weeks, respectively, the peak demand discharge is
(a) 2.63 m3/s (b) 4.63 m3/s
(c) 8.58 m3/s (d) 11.58 m3/s
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

In an irrigation project, in certain year, 70% and 46% of the culturable command area in Kharif and Rabi,
respectively, remained without water and rest of the area got irrigation water. The intensity of irrigation in
that year for the project was:
(a) 116% (b) 84%
(c) 42% (d) 58%
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

A canal was designed to supply the irrigation needs of 1200 hectares of land growing rice of 140 days base
period having a Delta of 134 cms. If this canal water is used to irrigate wheat of base period 120 days having a
Delta of 52 cm, the area (in Hectares) that can be irrigated is
(a) 2650 (b) 3608
(c) 543 (d) None of the above solution
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

The Culturable Command Area for a distributed channel is 20,000 hectares. Wheat is grown in the entire
area and the intensity of irrigation is 50%. The kor period for wheat is 30 days and the kor water depth is 120
mm. The outlet discharge for the distributary should be
(a) 2.85 m3/s (b) 3.21 m3/s
(c) 4.63 m3/s (d) 5.23 m3/s
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

A canal irrigates a portion of a culturable command area to grow sugarcane and wheat. Sugarcane and wheat
are, respectively. 0.36 and 0.27 cumec. The time factor is 0.9. The required design capacity of the canal is
(a) 0.36 cumec (b) 0.40 cumec
(c) 0.63 cumec (d) 0.70 cumec
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

10 m3/s of water is diverted to a 32 hectare field for 4 hours. Soil proving after irrigation showed that 0.3 m
of water had been stored in the root zone. Water application efficiency in this case would be
(a) 96% (b) 66.67 %
(c) 48% (d) 24%
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

A field measures 40 hectares. When 8 cumecs of water was supplied for 6 hours, 30 cm of water was stored
in the root zone. The field application efficiency is nearly
(a) 70% (b) 80%
(c) 85% (d) 90%
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

A field was supplied water from an irrigation tank at a rate of 120 lit/sec to irrigate an area of 2.5 hectares. The
duration of irrigation is 8 hours. It was found that the actual delivery at the field, which is about 4 km from the
tank, was 100 lit/sec. The runoff loss in the field was estimated as
800 m3. The application efficiency in this situation is
(a) 62% (b) 72%
(c) 76% (d) 80%
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

Calculate the water distribution efficiency if the depths of penetration along the length of a border strip at an
interval of 20 m are 1.5 m, 1.8 m and 2.1 m respectively.
(a) 0.6667 (b) 0.8333
(c) 0.8889 (d) 0.9767
WATER REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS – Question

In an irrigated field, the net irrigation requirement is 15 cm, the application efficiency is 80% and water
conveyance efficiency is 60%. What is the gross irrigation requirement (in cm)?
(a) 11.25 (b) 18.75
(c) 25 (d) 31.25
Thank
You
 Objective Question
Practice Program
(OQPP)
The Objective Question Practice Program (OQPP),
an online course by IES MASTER, has been designed
and structured to facilitate engineering students
aspiring for ESE, GATE, State PSCs or any other
Engineering Exams.
By taking the OQPP program of IES Master,
aspirants learn to deduce the right answer while
attempting objective questions, get conceptual
clarity on various important topics, and build upon
their time management skills.
 IRRIGATION
QUESTIONS

CHAPTER-4

CANAL DESIGN

Conceptual Numerical Questions

CANAL DESIGN – Question

On which of the canal systems, R.G. Kennedy, executive engineer in the Punjab Irrigation Department made his
observations for proposing his theory on stable channels?
(a) Krishna Western Delta canals
(b) Lower Bari Doab canals
(c) Lower Chenab canals
(d) Upper Bari Doab canals
CANAL DESIGN – Question

The critical velocity V0 = 0.55.m.y0.64, as suggested by Kennedy for design of trapezoidal irrigation channe, is :
(a) the maximum permissible velocity
(b) the minimum permissible velocity
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of the above
CANAL DESIGN – Question

Critical velocity ratio for use in Kennedy’s theory, is :

(a) less than 1
(b) more than 1
(c) equal to 1
(d) all of the above
CANAL DESIGN – Question

Consider the following : Garret’s diagram for the design of irrigation channel is based on
1. Kennedy’s theory
2. Lacey’s theory
3. Kutter’s formula
4. Manning’s formula
Which of these are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 1 and 4
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 2 and 4
CANAL DESIGN – Question

A stable channel is to be designed for a discharge of Q m3/s with silt factor f as per Lacey’s method. The mean
flow velocity (m/s) in the channel is obtained by
1/6 1/3
 Qf 2   Qf 2 
(a)   (b)  
 140   140 
Q f2 2 1/6 Q 
1/3
(c)   (d) 0.48  
 140  f
CANAL DESIGN – Question

The mean velocity in a Lacey regime channel is proportional to

(a) R1/3
(b) R1/2
(c) S1/2
0
(d) S1/3
0
CANAL DESIGN – Question

Identify the incorrect statements :

In a Lacey regime channel carrying a discharge Q in an alluvium of silt factor f
(a) the wetted perimeter is function of Q only
(b) the area of flow is a function of Q only
(c) the longitudinal slope is a function of Q and f
(d) the side slopes are independent of Q and f
CANAL DESIGN – Question

As per the Lacey’s method for design of alluvial channels, identify the true statement from the following :
(a) Wetted perimeter increase with an increase in design discharge
(b) Hydraulic radius increases with an increase in silt factor
(c) Wetted perimeter decreases an increase in design discharge
(d) Wetted perimeter increases with increase in silt factor
CANAL DESIGN – Question

The channel section can be designed on the basis of Lacey’s Theory. The steps are mentioned below:
1. Finding out the perimeter
2. Finding out the velocity
3. Calculation of the silt factor
4. Finding out the area
What is the correct sequence of the steps?
(a) 4–2–3–1 (b) 3–1–4–2
(c) 4–1–3–2 (d) 3–2–4–1
CANAL DESIGN – Question

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer (s = bed slope, q = discharge intensity, Q = discharge) :
List-I List-II
A. Mean velocity in a Lacey regime channel 1. S1/2
B. Mean velocity in a lined channel 2. S1/3
C. Normal scour depth in an alluvial channel 3. q2/3
D. Wetted perimeter of a Lacey regime channel 4. S–1/3
5. Q1/2
Codes :
A B C D
(a) 2 5 3 1
(b) 3 1 4 5
(c) 2 1 3 5
(d) 3 5 4 1
CANAL DESIGN – Question

Two different channels, M and N, in two different sites are designed based on Lacey’s theory, to carry same
quantum of discharge. But the bed material of M is found to be finer than that of N.
(a) Channel M will have steeper longitudinal slopes
(b) Channel N will have steeper longitudinal slope
(c) Channel M and N can have same longitudinal slopes
(d) Silting is more in M than in N.
CANAL DESIGN – Question

Consider the following statements :

The general depth of scour calculated by Lacey’s formula in a river represents the depth below the:
1. Maximum flood level in the river
2. Minimum flow water level in the river
3. Normal flow water level in the river
4. Existing river bed level
Which of these statements is/are correct?
(a 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 3 only
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only (d) 1 only
CANAL DESIGN – Question

Consider the following statements regarding design of channel by Lacey and Kennedy:
1. The theoretical concept of silt transportation is the same in both the theories.
2. Lacey improved upon Kennedy’s formula.
3. There are no defects in either the theories of Lacey or of Kennedy.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
CANAL DESIGN – Question

The Lacey’s and Kennedy’s empirical silt theories for designing irrigation channels in Indian non-cohesive soils,
are meant to ensure
(a) no scouring in the channel
(b) no silting from out of the sedimented water entering the channel from the headworks
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) neither (a) nor (b)
CANAL DESIGN – Question

The depth of flow in an alluvial channel is 1.5 m. If critical velocity ratio is 1.1 and Manning’s n is 0.018, the
critical velocity of the channel as per Kennedy’s method is
(a) 0.713 m/s
(b) 0.784 m/s
(c) 0.879 m/s
(d) 1.108 m/s
CANAL DESIGN – Question

An alluvium with a median size of 0.32 mm has Lacey’s silt factor f of value
(a) 1.76
(b) 1.00
(c) 0.57
(d) 0.80
CANAL DESIGN – Question

A channel designed by Lacey’s theory has a velocity of 0.88 m/sec. The silt factor is 1.1. Then hydraulic mean
depth will be
(a) 1.95 m
(b) 1.76 m
(c) 1.63 m
(d) 1.50 m
CANAL DESIGN – Question

A regime canal has a discharge of 100 m3/s. It will have a perimeter of

(a) 4.8 m
(b) 10.0 m
(c) 47.5 m
(d) 22.0 m
CANAL DESIGN – Question

In a Lacey regime channel, the discharge is 100 m3/s and the longitudinal slope is 0.0002. The silt factor of this
channel is about
(a) 0.72
(b) 1.76
(c) 1.24
(d) 1.63
CANAL DESIGN – Question

A regime channel has a width of 22.2 m and depth of flow of 1.70 m. The discharge in the channel is about
(a) 68 m3/s
(b) 3.0 m3/s
(c) 30.0 m3/s
(d) 7.0 m3/s
CANAL DESIGN – Question

What is the regime scour depth for a channel in soil with silt factor unity and carrying 8 m2/s of discharge
intensity in accordance with Lacey’s regime theory?
(a) 3.6 m
(b) 4m
(c) 5.4 m
(d) 25.6 m
CANAL DESIGN – Question

In a wide alluvial river, the normal scour depth by Lacey equation is 7.40 m for a discharge intensity of 10 m3/s/m
width. The normal scour depth in that river for a discharge intensity of 30 m3/s/m is
(a) 10.67 m
(b) 15.40 m
(c) 22.20 m
(d) 27.50 m
CANAL DESIGN – Question

The conditions to be satisfied for a channel in ‘Regime’ as per Lacey are

1. Constant discharge
2. Silt grade and silt concentration are constant
3. The channel is flowing in unlimited incoherent alluvium of the same alluvial character as that
transported.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 2 and 3 only
CANAL DESIGN – Question

The total number of independent equations that form the Lacey’s regime theory is
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 6
Thank
You
 SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

Objective Question
Practice Program
(OQPP)
The Objective Question Practice Program (OQPP),
an online course by IES MASTER, has been designed
and structured to facilitate engineering students
aspiring for ESE, GATE, State PSCs or any other
Engineering Exams.
By taking the OQPP program of IES Master,
aspirants learn to deduce the right answer while
attempting objective questions, get conceptual
clarity on various important topics, and build upon
their time management skills.
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

IRRIGATION
QUESTIONS

CHAPTER-5

SEDIMENT TRANSPORT

Conceptual Numerical Questions

SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?

1. Silt factor : Average size of silt particles
2. Silt load : Volume of suspended sediments flowing with water in unit time
3. Silt charge : Weight of silt per unit volume of water
4. Silt grade : Gradation between different silt particles
Select the correct answer using the codes given below :
(a) 1 and 4 (b) 3 and 4
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 2
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

In the transportation of sediment by water in a channel, the term bed load refers to
(a) the sum of suspended load and contact load
(b) the sum of contact load and saltation load
(c) the sum of saltation and suspended loads
(d) the material that remains on the bed
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

The term wash load refers to

(a) the saltating part of bed material load
(b) suspended load during a flood
(c) part of suspended load comprising particles not available in the bed material
(d) bed load after the fines have been washed out
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

In alluvial channels carrying clear water, the ratio of maximum tractive shear stress on the sides and that on
the channel bed is approximately
(a) 0.5 (b) 1.76
(c) 0.76 (d) 1.5
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

The force exerted by the flowing water on the sediment particles to cause their motion, is called:
(a) buoyant force (b) tractive force
(c) kinematic force (d) eddy force
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

The minimum size of stone that will remain at rest in a channel of longitudinal slope S and hydraulic mean
depth R is given by
(a) 4 RS (b) 11 RS
(c) 7 RS (d) 15 RS
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

If tc is the critical shear stress on a channel bed, then the critical shear on the side slopes (nH : 1V) of this
channel (t’c) is given by:
sin2  sin2 
(a) tc  tc 1 2 (b) tc  tc 1 2
sin f sin f
sin2 f sin2 f
(c) tc  tc 1 2 (d) tc  tc 1 2
sin  sin 
where f = angle of repose of soil
1
  tan1  
n
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

Statement (I): The shear stress exerted by the stream flow on the bed is responsible for the movement of bed
sediment particles.
Statement (II): The sediment will move when the shear stress crosses a threshold limit designated as a critical
shear stress tc.

(a) Both l and ll are true and ll is correct explanation of l

(b) Both l and ll are true but ll is not correct explanation of l
(c) l is true but ll is false
(d) l is false but ll is true
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

The bed of an alluvial channel along the flow will always be:
(a) flat (b) wavy
(c) duned and rippled (d) all of the above are possible.
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

The bed form, which is not expected in an alluvial channel with sediment motion, is:
(a) rippled (b) meandered
(c) duned (d) anti duned
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

The anti-dunes develop on beds of alluvial streams, when Froude number is:
(a) 0 (b) 0.5
(c) 1 (d) 1.2
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

Which one of the following is the correct sequence in the increasing order the Froude number of flow
assumed by the bed form of an alluvial stream with movable bed material?
(a) Ripple – Plane bed – Dune – Plane bed – Antidune
(b) Dune – Ripple – Plane bed – Antidune – Plane bed
(c) Plane bed – Ripple – Dune – Plane bed – antidune
(d) Plane bed – Ripple – Antidune – Dune – Plane bed
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

In order to ensure that no scouring takes place in the bed of a channel of bed slope ‘S’ constructed on alluvial
soil of particle size ‘d’ m, the flow velocity should be restricted to
(a) 4.85 d1/2 S–1/6 (b) 4.85 d–1/2 S1/6
(c) 0.48 d1/2 S1/6 (d) 0.48 d1/2 S–1/6
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

The minimum size of gravel that will not move in the bed of the wide rectangular channel of depth 0.8 m and
longitudinal slope 0.0041 is:
(a) 11 mm (b) 23 mm
(c) 36 mm (d) 57 mm
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

An unlined alluvial channel has trapezoidal section with side slopes of 2.5 horizontal: 1 vertical. If the angle of
repose of the bed material is 35°, the ratio of critical shear stress of the sediment particle on the side to that
on the bed is
(a) 0.61 (b) 0.93
(c) 0.65 (d) 0.76
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

For water flow in coarse alluvium, the minimum size of the particle at which the critical shear stress is
independent of the viscosity of water is about
(a) 6 mm (b) 6 cm
(c) 0.06 mm (d) 3 mm
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

The tractive force method of designing stable channel is applicable to channels in

(a) coarse non-cohesive materials and carrying clear water.
(b) coarse non-cohesive materials and carrying moderate amount of sediment load
(c) any non-cohesive material and carrying moderate amount of suspended load
(d) any type of soil where non-scouring and non-silting condition is desired.
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT – Question

Thank
You
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

Objective Question
Practice Program
(OQPP)
The Objective Question Practice Program (OQPP),
an online course by IES MASTER, has been designed
and structured to facilitate engineering students
aspiring for ESE, GATE, State PSCs or any other
Engineering Exams.
By taking the OQPP program of IES Master,
aspirants learn to deduce the right answer while
attempting objective questions, get conceptual
clarity on various important topics, and build upon
their time management skills.
LINING OF CANAL – Question
IRRIGATION
QUESTIONS

CHAPTER-6

Lining of Canal

Conceptual Numerical Questions

 LINING OF CANAL – Question

Assertion (A): Lining a canal is always beneficial and economical.

Reason (R): The seepage losses are greatly reduced and extra water is available for irrigation.

Codes:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

Lining of irrigation channels:

(a) increases water logging (b) increases channel cross section
(c) Increases command area (d) increases chances of breaching
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

Assertion (A): With tile lining of canals, permissible velocity of flow is lower than that with concrete lining.
Reason (R): The surface of tile lining becomes rough due to loss of surface material with high velocity

Codes:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

Statement (I): The sharp corners in the cross-section of a canal are rounded
Statement (II): The corners may not become zones of stagnation.

(a) Both l and ll are true and ll is correct explanation of l

(b) Both l and ll are true but ll is not correct explanation of l
(c) l is true but ll is false
(d) l is false but ll is true
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

Which of the following are the principal factors influencing the choice of a particular method of lining?
(1) Availability and cost of the material at the site or within easy reach
(2) Velocity of flow in the channel
(3) Cost of maintenance
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 2 and 3 only
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

A lined alluvial canal is best designed on the basis of:

(a) Lacey’s formula (b) Kennedy’s formula
(c) Manning’s formula (d) Continuity equation
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

Which of the following is not an exposed hard surface canal lining?

(a) cement concrete (b) shotcrete
(c) Bentonite (d) tiles
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

Identify the advantage of Bentonite layer lining of a canal.

(a) cost of land acquisition is saved
(b) saving in earth-work and cross drainage works
(c) higher permissible velocities in the canal
(d) reduction in seepage rate
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

Which of the following is not a disadvantage of cement concrete lining?

A cement concrete canal lining
(a) can get easily punctured by weed growth
(b) develops frequent cracks due to contraction arising out of temperature change and drying
(c) develops cracks due to settlement of sub-grade
(d) is likely to be damaged by alkaline water.
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

The value of Manning’s n that is appropriate for use in flow calculations in channels made of float finished
smooth concrete is
(a) 0.04 (b) 0.0018
(c) 0.025 (d) 0.013
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

The minimum recommended free-board for lined canals carrying discharge of more than 10 cumecs is
(a) 0.3 m (b) 0.6 m
(c) 0.75 m (d) 1.2 m
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

For lined canals, the free board is measured from

(a) the full supply level to the top of the bank
(b) the full supply level to the top of the lining
(c) the full supply level to the top of the dowel
(d) the top of the bank to the top of the lining.
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

A counter berm is provided

(a) at the water side of the slope in filling to provide protection against rain water
(b) at the outer side of the filling to provide adequate cover over the phreatic line
(c) in the cutting to provide quick-silting of the sides to form a berm
(d) in the water side and at the ground level to make bank line and bed line parallel.
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

A triangular lined canal section with corners rounded by a radius equal to the full supply depth of 4 m, is
likely to have its hydraulic radius, as:
(a) 4m (b) 3m
(c) 2m (d) cannot be ascertained, as side slopes are not given.
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

A standard triangular lined channel section with 1.5 H : 1 V side slopes has a capacity of 26 cumecs and full
supply depth of 2.5 m. The lining material for the channel would be safe for with standing mean velocity of:
(a) 1.8 m/s (b) 2.0 m/s
(c) 2.2 m/s (d) none of them
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

A commonly used shape for lined canals (called the standard lined trapezoidal section) is a trapezoidal section
with each of its two corners rounded off by a circular arc of radius, equal to the full supply depth. For such a
channel of side slope 1.25 horizontal: 1 vertical, bottom width = 10 m and full supply depth = 2.0 m, the
hydraulic radius is
(a) 1.894 m (b) 1.565 m
(c) 1.333 m (d) 1.000 m
 LINING OF CANAL – Question

An irrigation canal is lined along its 20 m perimeter @ Rs. 40 per m2 of lining. The lining has resulted in net
water saving @ 3 cumecs per M-m2 of lined area, whereas each cumec of water increases the annual crop
yield by Rs. 4 lakh. Assuming the life of lining as 40 years, and the saving in maintenance cost to be balanced
by the interest on investment, the benefit cost ratio for the project is:
(a) 1.2 (b) 1.0
(c) 0.83 (d) none of them
LINING OF CANAL – Question

Thank
You
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

Objective Question
Practice Program
(OQPP)
The Objective Question Practice Program (OQPP),
an online course by IES MASTER, has been designed
and structured to facilitate engineering students
aspiring for ESE, GATE, State PSCs or any other
Engineering Exams.
By taking the OQPP program of IES Master,
aspirants learn to deduce the right answer while
attempting objective questions, get conceptual
clarity on various important topics, and build upon
their time management skills.
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

RECLAMATION OF WATER
LOGGED & SALINE SOILS
CHAPTER-7
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

How and Where to Apply

the

CONCEPTS
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

A land is known as water-logged when

(a) the pH of the soil reaches a value of 8.5
(b) the soil in the root zone has high salinity
(c) the soil pores in the root zone are saturated with water
(d) there is water flowing on the surface of the land.
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

Water-logging of cropped land leads to reduced crop yields, due to:

(a) ill-aeration of root zone, causing lack of oxygen to plants
(b) growth of water-loving plants interfering with the sown crop
(c) surrounding of the root zone by the resultant saline water, which extracts the good water from plant
roots by osmosis
(d) all of the above.
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

Pick up the incorrect statement from the following:

(a) intensive irrigation should be avoided in areas susceptible to water-logging
(b) extensive irrigation should be adopted in areas susceptible to water logging
(c) lift irrigation can help alleviate water-logging susceptibilities
(d) none of the above.
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

Which one of the followings does not contribute to water logging?

(a) inadequate drainage (b) seepage from unlined canals
(c) frequent flooding (d) excessive tapping of ground water.
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

Consider the following statements regarding water logging :

1. Water logging is the rise of groundwater table leading to possible increase in salinity resulting in a
reduction in the yield of crops
2. Water logging cannot be eliminated in certain areas but can be controlled only if the quantity of water
percolating into that soil is checked and reduced.
Which of the above statement is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

Which of the following is not a remedial measure for water-logging?

(a) Lining of canals (b) Conjunctive use of water
(c) Good drainage (d) Contour bunding
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

Point out the incorrect statement, out of the following:

(a) salinity is caused by water-logging
(b) water logging is not caused by salinity
(c) salinity subsides, when once the water logging is removed
(d) None of the above.
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

Pick up the incorrect statement:

(a) moderately saline lands are represented by visible whiteish deposits of salts on the top and upper
layers of soil
(b) Na2CO3 is the most harmful salt for causing salinity
(c) NaCl is the least harmful salt for causing salinity
(d) a highly saline land is called an alkaline land, or a black alkali.
(e) none of the above.
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

A soil has an exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) of 18% and EC of the soil extract is 3 milli-mhos/cm. If
the pH of this soil is 9.0, it is classified as;
(a) non-saline alkali soil (b) saline soil
(c) saline-alkali soil (d) acidic soil
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

A soil has an ESP = 20% and EC of the soil extract is 6 mmhos/cm, and the pH is 8.0. The soil can be classified as;
(a) non-alkaline soil (b) saline soil
(c) saline-alkali soil (d) black alakli
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

A soil has an Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) of 16%, and its Electrical conductivity (EC) is 32
milli-mhos/cm. If the pH of this soil is 9.5, then the soil is classified as:
(a) alkaline soil (b) saline soil
(c) saline alkali soil (d) none of the above.
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

Identify the incorrect statement:

The soil salinity, or alkalinity, or both, have the following adverse effects:
(a) causing low yields of crops
(b) limiting of the type of crops
(c) rendering the quality of fodder poor
(d) causing high infiltration, resulting in damage to crops.
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

A recently reclaimed alkaline soil should preferably be sown with a salt resistant crop, like:
(a) wheat (b) cotton
(c) barseem (d) any of the above.
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

Acidic soils are reclaimed by

(a) using limestone as a soil amendment
(b) using gypsum as a soil amendment
(c) leaching of the soil
(d) provision of drainage.
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

Alkali soils are reclaimed by

(a) leaching only (b) addition of gypsum and leaching
(c) addition of gypsum only (d) provision of drainage
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

A drainage coefficient
(a) Decides the choice of the method of the drainage
(b) Decides the kind of crop that can be grown on the land
(c) Is the depth of water that can be removed from the drainage area in unit time
(d) Is the flow of water from the soil into the tile laterals per unit time
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

The spacing of tile drains to relieve waterlogged land is directly proportional to the
(a) Depth of drain below the ground surface
(b) Depth of impervious strata from the drain
(c) Depth of drain below the water level
(d) Coefficient of permeability of the soil to be drained
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

Consider the following data for a drain:

L = 50 m
a = 10 m,
b = 10.3 m and
k = 1 × 10–5 m/s
If the drains carry 1% of average annual rainfall in 24 hrs, the average annual rainfall for which this system has
been designed will be
(a) 78 cm (b) 84 cm
(c) 90 cm (d) 96 cm
RECLAMATION OF WATER LOGGED & SALINE SOILS – Question

Thank
You
 THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

Objective Question
Practice Program
(OQPP)
The Objective Question Practice Program (OQPP),
an online course by IES MASTER, has been designed
and structured to facilitate engineering students
aspiring for ESE, GATE, State PSCs or any other
Engineering Exams.
By taking the OQPP program of IES Master,
aspirants learn to deduce the right answer while
attempting objective questions, get conceptual
clarity on various important topics, and build upon
their time management skills.
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

THEORY OF SEEPAGE
CHAPTER-9
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

How and Where to Apply

the

CONCEPTS
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

A characteristic feature of a barrage is

(a) the provision of a raised crest
(b) the creation of a storage reservoir on the upstream side
(c) the provision of a series of gates across the river for flow regulation
(d) that it is built in the delta areas only
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

The term piping, used in connection with weirs on alluvial rivers, means
(a) the system of pipes provided for drainage of the seepage flow
(b) vertical pressure exerted by the seepage flow at various points on the impervious floor
(c) the progressive consolidation of the foundation due to the removal of pore water pressure
(d) the progressive undermining of the foundation due to dislodging of the soil particles by the seepage
water at its point of emergence.
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

Which of the following are the causes of failure of weirs?

1. Rupture of floor due to uplift
2. Rupture of floor due to suction caused by standing wave
3. Scour on the upstream and downstream of the weir
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 2 and 3 only
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

The following parameters related to the design of weirs on permeable foundations:

1. Scour depth 2. Exit gradient
3. Uplift pressure 4. Unbalanced head
Design of the downstream end pile of the weir depends upon.
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 4
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 3 and 4
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

In a barrage on pervious foundation, sheet piles are provided both upstream and downstream of the barrage to
reduce uplift pressure and to prevent piping. Which one of the following statements is true in this regard ?
(a) Compared to downstream sheet pile, the upstream sheet pile is more effective in reducing uplift and
piping.
(b) Compared to upstream sheet pile, the downstream sheet pile is more effective in reducing uplift and
piping.
(c) Downstream sheet pile is more effective in reducing uplift while the upstream sheet pile is more
effective in reducing piping.
(d) Upstream sheet pile is more effective in reducing uplift while the downstream sheet pile is more
effective in reducing piping.
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

While considering weir designs on permeable soils, the correction for mutual interference of sheet piles is NOT
applicable on an intermediate pile if the outer pile
(a) Goes deeper than the intermediate pile and is farther from the intermediate pile by more than twice its
own length
(b) Goes only just as deep as the intermediate pile and is within a distance of one and a half times its own
length
(c) Does not go as deep as the intermediate pile. No matter what the horizontal distance between them is
(d) Is safe against deleterious exit gradient
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

Consider the following statements :

1. Giving equal weightage to horizontal and vertical creeps for design of weir foundations is one of the
drawbacks of Kennedy’s theory.
2. Khosla’s theory of design of foundations for weir is based on potential theory
3. Piping problem can be reduced by increasing the length of floor.
4. In Lane’s weighted creep theory, horizontal creep is given less weightage compared to vertical creep.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 (b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 2 and 4 only (d) 3 and 4 only
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

For a given foundation geometry of a barrage, the exit gradient is

(a) dependent on the porosity of the foundation soil
(b) independent of the type of the soil
(c) independent of the applied head
(d) dependent on the size of the foundation soil particles.
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

Match List-I (Theory) with List-II (Propounded By) and select the correct answer :
List-I List-II
A. Exit gradient 1. G. Lacey
B. Alluvial Canal 2. L. K. Sherman
C. Unit hydrograph 3. A.N. Khosla
D. Boundary layer 4. C. lnglis
5. T. V. Karman
6. L. Prandtl
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 1 3 2 6
(b) 6 2 3 5
(c) 3 1 2 6
(d) 3 1 4 2
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

A barrage on a major river in the Gangetic plains has been designed for a flood discharge 7000 m3/s. It has been
provided with a waterway of 360 m length. The looseness factor of this barrage is
(a) 1.7 (b) 1.1
(c) 0.9 (d) 0.1
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

A weir has a horizontal floor of length 36 m with two sheet piles of depth 6 m and 10 m at its upstream and
downstream ends, respectively. Under an impounded depth of 4 m above the floor and with no tailwater, the
uplift pressure head at the mid-point of the floor by Lane’s weighted creep theory is
(a) 2.00 m (b) 2.36 m
(c) 1.88 m (d) 1.64 m
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

A weir consists of a 36 m long horizontal floor with two sheet piles of 6 m and 8 m depth at the upstream and
downstream end of the floor, respectively. Under an impounded depth of 4 m above the floor and with no
tailwater, the uplift pressure head at the mid-point of the floor by Bleigh’s creep theory is
(a) 2.00 m (b) 1.44 m
(c) 2.12 m (d) 1.88 m
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

While designing a hydraulic structure, the piezometric head at bottom of the floor is computed as 10 m. The
datum is 3m below floor bottom. The assumed standing water depth above the floor is 2 m. The specific gravity
of the floor material is 2.5. The floor thickness should be
(a) 2.00 m (b) 3.33 m
(c) 4.40 m (d) 6.00 m
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

Uplift pressures at points E and D (Fig. A) of a straight horizontal floor of negligible thickness with a sheet pile at
downstream end are 28% and 20%, respectively. If the sheet pile is at upstream end of the floor (Fig. B), the
uplift pressures at points D1 and C1 are
(a) 68% and 60% respectively
E C E1 C
(b) 80% and 72% respectively 1

(c) 88% and 70% respectively b d d b

(d) 100% and zero respectively
Fig. A D D1 Fig. B
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

Profile of a weir on permeable foundation is shown in figure I and an 1m Gate

elementary profile ‘upstream pile only case’ according to Khosla’s theory is
shown in figure II. The uplift pressure heads at key points Q, R and S are 3m Weir

3.14 m, 2.75 m and 0 m, respectively (refer figure II). Floor P

What is the uplift pressure head at point P downstream of the weir (junction 10 m 5m 25 m
5m

of floor and pile as shown in the figure I)? Figure -I

(a) 2.75 m (b) 1.25 m

(c) 0.8 m (d) Data not sufficient 4m

R S
5m 40 m
Q
Figure -II
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

The factor of safety, normally adopted for the critical exit gradient in fine sand, is
(a) 2 to 3 (b) 3 to 4
(c) 4 to 5 (d) 6 to 7
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

A non-cohesive soil has a porosity of 30% and the relative density of soil particles is 2.70. The value of critical
exit gradient for this soil is
(a) 0.81 (b) 1.19
(c) 1.00 (d) 1.89
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

A 20 m long horizontal concrete floor under a barrage on a permeable foundation retains a 5m head of water
and has a 5 m deep downstream end pile. The exit gradient is
(a) 1 in 4 (b) 1 in 5
(c) 1 in 6 (d) 1 in 8
THEORY OF SEEPAGE – QUESTIONS

Thank
You
 Objective Question
Practice Program
(OQPP)
The Objective Question Practice Program (OQPP),
an online course by IES MASTER, has been designed
and structured to facilitate engineering students
aspiring for ESE, GATE, State PSCs or any other
Engineering Exams.
By taking the OQPP program of IES Master,
aspirants learn to deduce the right answer while
attempting objective questions, get conceptual
clarity on various important topics, and build upon
their time management skills.
RIVER ENGINEERING
CHAPTER-10
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

How and Where to Apply

the

CONCEPTS
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

Ghaggar river which appears and disappears in Rajasthan State of India, can be classified as a
(a) meandering river (b) deltaic river
(c) virgin river (d) none of the above.
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

Under which one of the following categories is the river Ganga classified in the reach through UP and Bihar?
(a) Straight river (b) Meandering river
(c) Braided river (d) Deltaic river
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

Aggrading rivers are:

(a) silting rivers (b) scouring rivers
(c) rivers in regime (d) meandering rivers.
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

In curved reach of a meandering river, both deposition of sediments and erosion of bank occur. Which one of
the following statements is true in this regard?
(a) Deposition of sediments occurs in the inner bank while the outer bank is subjected to erosion
(b) Deposition of sediments occurs in the outer bank while inner bank is subjected to erosion.
(c) In the direction of flow, the outer bank undergoes erosion first and the sediment is later deposited on
the outer bank downstream.
(d) In the direction of flow, the inner bank undergoes erosion first and the sediments are subsequently
deposited on the inner bank downstream.
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

The meander length of an alluvial river is a function of the dominant discharge Q0, and it varies as
(a) Q0 (b) (Q0)1/6
(c) (Q0)–0.5 (d) (Q0)0.5
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

In a meandering river the deepest part of the river in a reach is found at

(a) the outer bank near the apex of the curve
(b) the crossings
(c) the mid-point in a cross-section
(d) the inner bank of a curve
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

The ‘meander length’ for an alluvial river is:

(a) the total channel length along its looped course
(b) the total channel length minus the direct straight length
(c) the axial length of one meander
(d) the looped length of one meander
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

The ‘meander belt’ for an alluvial river is:

(a) total river width between embankments
(b) width between the outer edges of fully developed meander loop, measured perpendicular to river axis
(c) the same as meander width
(d) both (b) and (c).
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

In a meandering river, the ratio of ‘arcual channel length’ to ‘direct axial length’, is called:
(a) tortuosity (b) inverse of tortuosity
(c) cut off ratio (d) none of these
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

For a meandering alluvial river, the ratio of its ‘channel length’ to ‘direct axial length’ is always:
(a) 1 (b) >1
(c) <1 (d) may be less or more than 1, depending upon the river.
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

Sinuosity of a meandering river is:

(a) the same as tortuosity (b) inverse of tortuosity
(c) log of tortuosity (d) none of them.
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

Meander ratio in an alluvial meandering river is given by:

meander length meander width
(a) (b)
meander width meander length
meander width
(c)  100 (d) none of them.
meander length
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

The meander ratio of an alluvial river in flood plain has a value of about
(a) 3.0 (b) 0.5
(c) 6.0 (d) 1.0
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

For a meandering alluvial river in flood plain, the meander length is about:
(a) 6W (b) 18 W
(c) 17 W (d) W
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

For a meandering alluvial river in flood plain, the meander width is about:
(a) 0.5 W (b) W
(c) 6W (d) 17 W
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

A cutoff provided in a meander loop results in

(a) erosion upstream and deposition down stream
(b) deposition upstream and erosion downstream
(c) erosion in the upstream reaches only
(d) deposition in the downstream reaches only.
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

Which of the following are the objectives for river training?

1. High flood discharge may pass safely and quickly through the reach
2. To make the river course stable and reduce bank erosion to minimum
3. To check flow through canal
4. To provide a sufficient draft for navigation as well as good course for it
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 1, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only (d) 2, 3 and 4 only
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

Consider the following statements:

1. High water training is undertaken to protect against damage due to floods.
2. Low water training is undertaken to provide sufficient depth for navigation.
3. Mean water training is undertaken to provide efficient disposal of sediment load.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1, 2 and.3
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 2 only
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

Out of the following choices given below, choose impermeable spur(s):

(a) an earthen spur protected by stone apron
(b) an earthen spur, unprotected by stone apron
(c) a balli spur
(d) a tree groyne
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

Permeable spurs are best suitable for rivers, which:

(a) carry heavy suspended load
(b) carry large bed load, but light suspended load
(c) need permanent protection to dikes
(d) need attracting the river current, for providing deeper channel
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

Denehy’s groyne is a
(a) groyne pointing upstream (b) hockey stick shaped groyne
(c) T-shaped groyne (d) a permeable groyne.
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

Groynes are adopted for river bank protection works. When it is placed inclined downstream in the direction of
flow in the river, it is designated as which one of the following?
(a) Repelling groyne (b) Attracting groyne
(c) Neither repelling nor attracting groyne (d) Fixed groyne
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

A groyne pointing upstream in a river is known as

(a) attracting groyne (b) repelling groyne
(c) fending groyne (d) Denehy’s groyne
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

A pitched island is
(a) any island whose shores are pitched
(b) an artificially constructed island in a river, primarily to act as a safe retreat during floods
(c) an island with pitching all round to provide ample berthing place for boats
(d) an artificially created island to achieve the main purpose of desired flow distribution and flow
curvature.
RIVER ENGINEERING – Question

If a river in an alluvial plain has a dominant discharge of 1600 cumecs, the waterway for this bridge, in the
absence of model testing, can be safely adopted, as equal to:
(a) 190 m (b) 228 m
(c) 300 m (d) 480 m
Thank
You
 Objective Question
Practice Program
(OQPP)
The Objective Question Practice Program (OQPP),
an online course by IES MASTER, has been designed
and structured to facilitate engineering students
aspiring for ESE, GATE, State PSCs or any other
Engineering Exams.
By taking the OQPP program of IES Master,
aspirants learn to deduce the right answer while
attempting objective questions, get conceptual
clarity on various important topics, and build upon
their time management skills.
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS
CHAPTER-11
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

How and Where to Apply

the

CONCEPTS
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS – Question

The type of canal alignment, which involves maximum cross-drainage works, is a:

(a) ridge canal (b) contour canal
(c) side slope canal (d) all of the above.
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS – Question

Consider the following statements :

An aqueduct is a cross drainage work in which
1. a canal is carried over the drainage channel
2 a drainage channel is carried over the canal
3. both drainage channel and canal are at the same level.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS – Question

In an aqueduct,
(a) there is no uplift problem
(b) the condition of high flood flow in the drainage and no water in the canal causes maximum uplift on
the canal
(c) When the canal is at FSL and there is no water in the drainage, the floor of the drainage experiences
maximum uplift
(d) when the canal is at FSL and the drainage is at HFL maximum uplift conditions on the canal floor
prevail.
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS – Question

What type of cross drainage work is provided when the canal runs below the drain, with FSL of canal well below
the bed of the drain?
(a) Aqueduct (b) Super passage
(c) Level crossing (d) Siphon aqueduct
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS – Question

A cross drainage work is termed as a syphon if it carries the canal

(a) above the drainage with the drainage
(b) below the drainage with the canal water flowing under pressure
(c) below the drainage with the canal flowing at atmospheric pressure under the works
(d) above the drainage with the drainage flowing at atmospheric pressure under the works.
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS – Question

Consider the following statements :

1 In a super-passage, the drain runs over the canal
2 In a siphon, the drain runs below the canal
3 In a siphon aqueduct, type-II, the canal banks are made of RCC walls
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1 and 3 only
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS – Question

The hydraulic structure which is constructed at the junction of a canal and a drain to dispose of drainage
without disturbing canal supplies, is known as a;
(a) cattle crossing (b) canal module
(c) canal regulator (d) canal crossing
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS – Question

A level crossing type of cross drainage work consists of

(a) one regulator only (b) two weirs only
(c) one weir and two regulators (d) two weirs and two regulators
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS – Question

In a syphon aqueduct, the worst condition of uplift on the floor occurs when
(a) the canal and the drainage are full
(b) the canal is full, the drainage empty and the water table is at the stream bed
(c) the canal is empty, the drainage at HFL and the water table is at the HFL of the stream
(d) the canal is full and the drainage is empty.
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS – Question

Select the correct statement concerning the relative merits of two cross drainage works, when a choice is to be
made.
(a) Compared to an aqueduct, a super passage is superior and is thus preferable
(b) Compared to a super passage, a canal syphon is superior and is preferred
(c) A syphon aqueduct is inferior to a canal syphon and is seldom used
(d) The super passage is superior to a canal syphon and is preferred in general.
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS – Question

A syphon aqueduct is to be constructed at a site where the drainage HFL is 128.00 m. If the afflux is calculated
as 0.30 m, when the drainage experiences maximum flood, the water level elevation immediately
(a) upstream of the structure will be 128.00 m
(b) downstream of the aqueduct will be 127.70 m
(c) upstream of the structure will be 128.30 m
(d) downstream of the aqueduct will be 128.30 cm.
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS – Question

A canal carries a discharge of 20 m3/s at a depth of 1.5 m and has its bed 3.5 m higher than the bed of a
drainage it has to cross. If the drainage has a high flood depth of 2.5 m, the type of cross drainage works
appropriate to this site is
(a) aqueduct (b) syphon aqueduct
(c) Syphon (d) super-passage.
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS – Question

The following data are available for a cross drainage project

Item Canal Drainage
FSL/HFL 105.00 m 104.00 m
Bed level 100.00 m 102.00 m
Discharge 80 m3/s 12 m3/s
The most appropriate cross drainage works for this situation is
(a) aqueduct (b) syphon aqueduct
(c) syphon (d) super passage
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS – Question

The following data pertain to a natural drain crossing an irrigation canal :

Which one of the following types of cross-drainage should be recommended in this case?
(a) Aqueduct Item Canal Data Drainage Data
(b) Syphon aqueduct 3
Flow (m /s) 5 500
(c) Syphon Bed Level (m) 120 116
(d) Super passage Depth of flow (m) 0.8 10
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS – Question

Consider the following data while designing an expansion transition for a canal by Mitra’s method:
Length of flume = 16 m
Width of throat = 9 m
Width of canal = 15 m
If Bx is the width at any distance x from the flumed section, the values of BX at x = 8 m and at x = 16 m are nearly
(a) 10.8 m & 15 m (b) 11.3 m & 15 m
(c) 10.8 m & 13 m (d) 11.3 m & 13 m
Thank
You
 Objective Question
Practice Program
(OQPP)
The Objective Question Practice Program (OQPP),
an online course by IES MASTER, has been designed
and structured to facilitate engineering students
aspiring for ESE, GATE, State PSCs or any other
Engineering Exams.
By taking the OQPP program of IES Master,
aspirants learn to deduce the right answer while
attempting objective questions, get conceptual
clarity on various important topics, and build upon
their time management skills.
 SPILLWAYS, ENERGY
DISSIPATORS & SPILLWAY GATES
CHAPTER-13
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

How and Where to Apply

the

CONCEPTS
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

The ideal condition for energy dissipation in the design of spillways is the one when the tail water rating curve
(a) Lies above jump rating curve at all discharges
(b) Coincides with the jump rating curve at all discharges
(c) Lies below jump rating curve at all discharges
(d) Lies either above or below the jump rating curve depending upon discharge
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

The flip bucket energy dissipator for a spillways is suitable where :

1. The tail water depth is low
2. The rock on the downstream is fragile and is erodible.
3. The rock on the downstream is good and non-erodible.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1 and 3 only
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

The ‘safety valve’ of a dam is its

(a) drainage gallery (b) inspection gallery
(c) spillway (d) outlet sluices.
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

A ungated spillway starts functioning, as soon as the water level in the reservoir, crosses the:
(a) maximum reservoir level (b) minimum reservoir level
(c) maximum conservation level (d) none of the above.
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

The top line of an ogee spillway, which is kept at RL equal to the full reservoir level, is precisely called:
(a) the crest (b) the apex of the crest
(c) the corbel (d) the cute.
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

When the gated sluices are provided through the body of a dam spillway, then the ogee spillway structure shall
normally be of:
(a) corbel type (b) non corbel type
(c) either (a) or (b) (d) none of these.
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

The spillway, which can be adopted with ease on gravity as well as earthen dams, is:
(a) ogee spillway (b) chute spillway
(c) both ogee as well as chute spillway (d) none of these.
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

The famous Bhakra dam of our country has been provided with:
(a) trough spillway (b) ogee spillway
(c) shaft spillway (d) syphon spillway.
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

Hydraulic jump is widely used for dissipation of energy is:

(a) ogee spillways (b) trough spillways
(c) side channel spillways (d) all of these
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

Statement (I): The ogee spillway is a control weir having an S-shaped crest profile which provides a high
discharge coefficient without causing cavitations.
Statement (II): The crest profile of ogee spillway conforms to the lower nappe of flow over a ventilated sharp-
crested weir and ensures a constant discharge coefficient for all heads.
(a) Both l and ll are true and ll is correct explanation of l
(b) Both l and ll are true but ll is not correct explanation of l
(c) l is true but ll is false
(d) l is false but ll is true
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

Match List-I (Main provision) with List-II (Surplus arrangement) and select the correct answer:
List-I List-II
A. Minor irrigation work 1. Saddle spillway
B. Medium irrigation project in interior area 2. Syphon spillway
C. Earth dam across main river 3. Ogee spillway
D. Masonry dam on good rock 4. Surplus weir
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 2 1 3
(b) 4 2 3 1
(c) 2 4 3 1
(d) 2 4 1 3
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

A troublesome and oscillating hydraulic jump is usually formed in flows, involving the incoming Froude number
in the range of 2.5-4.5, which normally is met in cases of:
(a) weirs and barrages (b) overflow spillways of dams
(c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of them.
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

A very steady and stable hydraulic jump is usually formed in flows, involving the approaching Froude number in
the range of 4.5-9.0, which normally is met in cases of:
(a) weirs and barrages (b) overflow spillways of dams
(c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of them.
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

For a saddle siphon, the maximum operative head is 6.25 m. The width and height of the throat of the siphon
are 4 m and 2 m respectively. The coefficient of discharge is 0.90. How many units are required to pass a flood
of 300 cumec? [Take : g = 10 m/s2]
(a) One (b) Two
(c) Three (d) Four
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

A discharge of 72 m3/s is to be allowed through siphon spillways of 2 m width and 75 cm depth with working
head of 8 m. The number of spillways to be provided will be (Take coefficient of discharge for the spillways
= 0.64)
(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 6 (d) 8
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

In a ski-jump bucket provided in an overflow spillway, the tip angle is 30°, and the actual velocity of flow
entering the bucket is 30 m/s. The maximum vertical height attained by the trajectory of the jet, measured
above the tip of the bucket, is nearly
(a) 45 m (b) 35 m
(c) 22 m (d) 11 m
Spillways, Energy Dissipators, and Spillway Gates – Question

An ogee spillway of a concrete gravity dam having FRL of 325.0 m and MWL of 340.0, is provided with vertical
gates between piers erected on the spillway. The effective length of the spillway is 60 m. The discharge through
this spillway when gates are opened upto actual reservoir level of 331.0 m, will be:
(a) 850 cumecs (b) 1700 cumecs
(c) 2800 cumecs (d) none of them.
Thank
You
 Objective Question
Practice Program
(OQPP)
The Objective Question Practice Program (OQPP),
an online course by IES MASTER, has been designed
and structured to facilitate engineering students
aspiring for ESE, GATE, State PSCs or any other
Engineering Exams.
By taking the OQPP program of IES Master,
aspirants learn to deduce the right answer while
attempting objective questions, get conceptual
clarity on various important topics, and build upon
their time management skills.
CANAL FALLS
CHAPTER-14
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

How and Where to Apply

the

CONCEPTS
CANAL FALLS – Question

Canal drops are required to:

(a) dissipate excess energy (b) dissipate inadequate land slope
(c) dissipate excess land slope (d) none of the above.
CANAL FALLS – Question

A canal fall is a control structure

(a) located at a place where the country slope is flatter than the canal bed slope
(b) located most economically where the depth of cutting is less than the balancing depth
(c) the location of which is independent of the command to be served
(d) designed to secure raising of water surface on its upstream
CANAL FALLS – Question

Which type of fall can be generally used for a moderate discharge of 40 – 60 cumecs and low fall heights of 1 to
1.5 m?
(a) Vertical drop fall (b) Ogee fall
(c) Glacis fall (d) Baffle fall
CANAL FALLS – Question

A trapezoidal notch fall can maintain normal water depth in the upstream channel:
(a) at any one given value of the design discharge
(b) at all the discharges
(c) at any two values of the design discharges
(d) at no discharge at all.
CANAL FALLS – Question

The depth-discharge relationship of the upstream canal remains practically unaffected by the introduction of a
fall of the type:
(a) Ogee fall (b) Sarda type vertical fall
(c) Trapezoidal notch fall (d) none of the above.
CANAL FALLS – Question

For low to moderate discharges of the order of 10-15 cumecs and fall height of 1 to 1.5 m, cheaper Sarda type
canal falls can be recommended:
(a) universally, without any if and buts
(b) if the canal runs with highly variable discharge
(c) when the canal fall is not to be used as a meter and discharge is fairly constant
(d) when the canal fall is not to be used as a meter, irrespective of variation in discharge.
CANAL FALLS – Question

The type of fall, which you may recommend for very high drops and very low discharges, is:
(a) Sarda type fall (b) Siphon well drop
(c) Stright glacis fall (d) Inglis fall.
CANAL FALLS – Question

The canal fall, involving parabolic glacis, is called:

(a) Straight glacis fall (b) Glacis fall
(c) Inglis fall (d) Montague fall.
CANAL FALLS – Question

An Inglis fall, also called a Baffle fall, can be recommended for all discharges, provided:
(a) the fall is more than 1.5 m (b) the fall is undrowned
(c) the fall is either flumed or unflumed (d) all of the above.
CANAL FALLS – Question

The energy dissipation in a Sarda type canal drop is caused by:

(a) hydraulic jump (b) friction blocks
(c) water pool (d) baffle wall.
CANAL FALLS – Question

The best energy dissipation on the down-stream side of a canal drop, is caused in:
(a) Sarda type fall (b) Glacis fall
(c) Ogee fall (d) Montague fall.
CANAL FALLS – Question

The length of the water cistern to be provided in a Sarda type fall, is:
(a) 5 (y2 – y1) (b) 5 H  HL
1
(c) (H  HL )2/3 (d) 1.84  H3/2
4
where y1, y2, H, HL have their usual meaning.
CANAL FALLS – Question

The concrete glacis of a glacis fall, usually slopes H : V, as :

(a) 2:1 (b) 1:2
(c) 1:5 (d) 5:1
CANAL FALLS – Question

In a glacis fall, the hydraulic jump forms on:

(a) the horizontal floor (b) the sloping glacis
(c) either (a) or (b) (d) none of the above.
CANAL FALLS – Question

Friction blocks on the downstream side of the pucca canal fall, can be used to dissipate the left out energy in
the falling water, in case of:
(a) a glacis fall (b) a vertical drop fall
(c) a baffle fall (d) All of above .
CANAL FALLS – Question

The Energy dissipation in an Inglis fall is caused by :

(a) A pool of water (b) a hydraulic jump
(c) Neither (a) nor (b) (d) both (a) and (b)
Thank
You