Wound Closure

1/4
3/8
1/2
5/8 circle
Half - curved( tip only)
compound's - ANS-What are the following curvature types?

Absorbable
non-absorbable - ANS-What are the two major classifications of sutures?

according to facility policy

Audibly and visually
prior to starting the procedure
when sharps are added to the field
before closure of a cavity
when either person is relieved by another
before wound closure begins - ANS-When are coming of sharps done

Allow blood flow through tissues and per event necrosis while providing hemostasis - ANS-What
is good about surgical staples?

Also known as a end to end stapler made with the double row of staggered staples that are
placed in a circle - ANS-What is an intra-luminal circular stapler?

Also referred to as spring were split I the suture strand is pulled through the slit to secure the
needle to be used must be braided materials such as silk or with cotton suture in a medium or
fine needle size they are not practical to be use with surgical gut because they may fray the
suture - ANS-What is a French Eye?

Also triangular in shape the cutting edges extend along the body
these curved needles have their cutting edges on the outer curvature
they are used for: fascia ligaments and the nasal and oral cavities for oral mucosa skin and
tendon sheath - ANS-What is a reverse cutting needlepoint?

Also used as a natural non-absorbable suture - ANS-What is the linen suture

Another type of natural non-absorbent suture - ANS-What is surgical cotton suture?

Are derived from collagen of healthy animals or from a synthetic polymer

materials can be digested, hydrolyzed, and were stimulated by tissue during the healing process
- ANS-Absorbable sutures

Are derived from natural or synthetic material

no change to the suture during the healing process
the sutures must become encapsulated or must be removed - ANS-Non-absorbable sutures

Are manually operated, heavy, and have many moving and detachable parts
holder must be precisely aligned fire accurately
scrub person is responsible for the assembly
to operate the manufacturers instructions should be followed
set supplied with. He sterilize Staples and disposable cartridges which are usually color-coded
by size
instruments must be disassembled and cleaned after each used
they are lubricated and steam sterilize completely disassembled according to the manufacturer's
recommendation
final step in this process would be terminal sterilization - ANS-What are the characteristics of
reusable stapling instrument sets

Are secured so that the needle will not separate from the strand under normal use
it has to be cut off - ANS-What is a permanent lease swaged needle

Because of an included position or because the small size of the needle - ANS-Needle tracking
why can sometimes x-ray not find a needle in tissue

Because they are foreign bodies sutures cause some reaction

body reaction begins with the insertion
actual reaction is to the type of material - allergic response
inflammatory process/infection may persist until suture becomes encapsulated or at the work -
ANS-What is tissue reaction characteristics of suture?

Both before use and after use - ANS-Passing needles

When must needles be accounted for?

Braided flexible pliable strands that are easy to handle

may cause drag when passing through tissue
used for cardiovascular and respiratory surgery
comes in white green and blue and sizes from 2 to 11-0 - ANS-What are characteristics of
uncoated polyester fiber sutures

Brand name Vicryl

used for ophthalmic procedures in one absorption is desired
suture is available in two forms
uncoated monofilament or vie cruel suture: it is dyed violet and comes in size 9-0 to 10-0 -
ANS-Polyglactin 910

Causing inflammatory process as a foreign body reaction if let in the tissue - ANS-What do
needles or their parts if broken left in cause

Closure of abdominal wall or sternum

retention sutures
secondary repairs
respiratory track
orthopedics
neurosurgery - ANS-Letters stainless steel sutures used for?

Coated
uncoated - ANS-How are polyester fiber sutures available?

Collagen suture which are made from tendons of cattle chemically treated purified and
processed into strands. Most often used in ophthalmologic surgery - ANS-What is the second
type of natural suture

Combination of liquid monomers form polymers in the presence of water and act as a liquid
topical skin adhesive which can be used as replacement for sutures these products are fast
setting adhesives primarily used on facial extremity and torso wounds. reported they attain the
strength of healed tissue after seven days - ANS-What are skin adhesive set are used for
closing skin

Come preassembled and sterile

instruments are self-contained lightweight
integral or reloadable staple cartridge that is discarded after single patient use
cartridge should not be opened until correct size is determined
sit very in number of instruments size length of the linear jaw and diameter of circular had and
are available with stainless steel or titanium Staples
titanium creates less distortion on CT and MRI images than stainless steel
many facilities recycle these disposables for their components they may also be reprocessed by
certified outside vendors - ANS-What are characteristics of disposable stapling instruments

Come preassembled and sterile

these instruments are self-contained and late weight
these sets are supplied with pre-sterilized Staples disposable cartridges which are usually
color-coded by size - ANS-Question
identify features of disposable instrument sets
Comes with two straight double staggered or side-by-side rows of staples that must be placed
simultaneously in the tissue its primary use is throughout the alimentary track and the thoracic
procedures - ANS-What is a linear stapler

Composed of natural fibers and is used for ophthalmic surgery

comes white or black in sizes 8-0 and 9-0 - ANS-Virgin silk

Consist of fibers spun from flax and twisted to form a strand

strands are treated to become smooth when used
it's tensile strength is inferior to other non-absorbable
used for gastrointestinal surgery
is available in sizes 0 and 2-0 - ANS-What are the characteristics of the linen suture?

Controlled release needles - ANS-Question

Identify the needle which is also known as a Popoff needle?

Conventional
Reverse
Side
Trocar - ANS-What are the styles of cutting needles

Curve needle having cutting edges on the outer curvature - ANS-Matching

reverse cutting point

Cutting point
Taper point
Blunt point - ANS-What are the types of needle points

Cutting point must frequently used for skin closures

taper point used for intestinal tissue - ANS-What two point types are seen on straight needles

Delivers a double row of two staples and lie gates the tissue
tissue is divided simultaneously the tween the staple lines with the knife Incorporated in the
stapler
stapler is used to Ligate and divide omental vessels were soft tubular structures - ANS-What is
a ligating and dividing stapler?

Dermal
Virgin
surgical - ANS-What are the three types of silk used as suture material?

Dermalene
comes as a long chain monofilaments Strand
dyed blue and comes in sizes 0 to 6-0 - ANS-Polyethylene
Dermalene - ANS-Polyethylene

Dexon
suture used for peritoneal, fascia, and subcutaneous closure
replaces surgical gut in many applications
suture is prepared in the following ways:
uncoated or Dexon S suture comes dyed green in sizes 2 to 8-0 the undid is natural beige
incomes in sizes 2 to 7-0 there is also a dyed green monofilament which comes in size 9-0
coated or Dexon plus suture has a surfactant covering that is slick
it requires extra knots, and is cut longer than usual. It is available in the same sizes and color's
as the uncoated - ANS-Polyglycolic Acid

Differs in that the strands are encased in gelatin or protein substance

this prevents the ingrowth of tissue cells and facilitates removal
used for skin sutures and comes in black sizes 0 to 5-0 - ANS-Dermal silk

Does not release inadvertently but will release when intentionally pulled also called Popoff
needles - ANS-What is controlled release needle?

Dressing
clips
strips
adhesives - ANS-What are additional products specifically used to close skin?

Dry and should not be moistened before use - ANS-How are silk sutures packaged and used?

Dyed or undyed - excluded strands

monofilament or multi filament
inner non-antigenic and non-pyrogenic
produce only a mild tissue reaction
used for like eating or suturing except when tissue is under stress for example when tissues are
being approximated
broken down by the body by hydrolysate shown in process which water gradually penetrates the
suture filaments
long-lasting from three weeks up to six months - ANS-What are the general characteristics of
synthetic absorbable sutures?

Easy-to-use and time-saving

are made continuous with suture material which is swagged on during the manufacturing
process
eliminates threading during the procedure
minimal tissue trauma and needle size matches the suture strand closely
added convenience of new short being used with each suture strand - ANS-What are the
characteristics of eyeless or swaged needles

Eithilon and Dermalon - ANS-matching

Monofilament Nylon

Ethilon , Dermalon
smooth single-strand of non-capillary material that is used for: microsurgery, ophthalmic,
plastic/cosmetic skin closure
easily handled more pliable when wet or damp although most are package dry
only fewer packaged with multiple strands comes in clear black blue and green in sizes 2 to 11-0
- ANS-What are the examples of Monofil and characteristics surgical nylon sutures?

Example 2 - ANS-Larger diameters have less zeros

Example Prolene Surgilene

prepared as monofilament strand this is the most inert of synthetics
easy to handle may be used when infection is present and requires a long healing time
material of choice for plastic surgery, cardiovascular procedures, continuous abdominal fascia
closure, subcuticular pull out suture, and as a retention suture
pigmented blue suture comes in sizes 2 to 10-0 and the clear suture comes in sizes 4-0 to 6-0 -
ANS-Polypropylene

Example stare strips

art he's a backed microporous strips made of either nylon or poly propylene there placed at
intervals across incision
usually to approximate the edges of the superficial lacerations or as a primary closure in
conjunction with subcuticular suture interrupted sutures or Staples - ANS-What are skin closure
strips to close skin

examples derma bond liquid Band-Aid surge she

Presence of infection
areas of ongoing bleeding or incomplete debridement
mucosal wear hair covered surfaces
or skin will be stretched or high tensile areas such as Nichols knees or elbows
where skin is regularly exposed to body fluids
on surfaces near the eyes
for patients with hypersensitivity to the new create or form all the hard - ANS-When should skin
adhesive not be used?

eyed needle
French Eye - ANS-What are the two types of needle eyes?

Flat, triangular body - ANS-Body shape of cutting needle?

For the area in which it is being used - ANS-passing needles
How should a needle Holder be selected

For visibility in the field - ANS-Why are many needles coated with a micro thin plastic or silicone
and some are made black?

Hard to handle than other material and may cut tissue and gloves
not tying is painstaking
may also be used in the presence of infection but not in the presence of other how alloyd such
as titanium - ANS-What is the which caution for stainless steel sutures?

Has a rounded blunt tip and will not cut tissue making it the point of choice for organs because it
has less ability to puncture the vessels within the organs.
Used for dissection of friable tissue kidney liver spleen and uterine cervix legation - ANS-blunt
point needles

Has a smooth point with no cutting edges it pushes the tissue aside when passing through and
is used for a aponeurosis, biliary tract, dura, fascia, G.I. track, muscle, myocardium, nerve,
peritoneum, plura, subcutaneous fat, and vessels - ANS-What are Taper point needles

Has cutting edge on the inside curvature creating very small pathway which heals quickly -
ANS-Matching
conventional cutting point

Has cutting edges at the point only - ANS-Matching

taper cut

Higher tensile strength

less tissue reaction
material retains its strength in tissue - ANS-What are the advantages of synthetic polymers in
non-absorbable synthetic sutures

important synthetic polymers be handled as little as possible

avoid pulling or stretching the strands
instruments should not be used except in aiding in tying and holding the free end only
a special knot technique is used for security
multi filament is easier to tie than monofilament
mishandling can damage the suture - ANS-What are a few guidelines to handling synthetic
polymers?

Instruments for staple application are designed for specific tissue such as skin fascia, bronchus,
gastrointestinal track, and vessels
surgeon selects the instrument needed for the desired application
they are designed to fire singly or in rows of staples straight and circle - ANS-What are the
characteristics for instruments used for applying Staples?

is a material which is used to lie gate Thai blood vessels or to approximate bring together tissue
and to hold the tissue in place while healing occurs. - ANS-What is the definition of suture?

Is a synthetic absorbable suture example Maxon

indicator for soft tissues except cardiovascular, neural OPHTHALMIC
SUTURE COMES Dyed GREEN SIZES 2 to 7-0 - ANS-Polyglyconate

Is an animal product made from the fiber spun like silkworm larva
fibers are braided or twisted into a multi-filament suture stand and treated to render it
non-capillary
gives good support during early ambulation and promotes rapid healing
used in this series of the gastrointestinal tract and to close fascia when no infection is present
available dyed black or white and comes in sizes 5 to 9-0 - ANS-Surgical silk

Is non-absorbable suture - ANS-Stainless steel suture

Is the part between the point and the eye or joining to the suture - ANS-What is the body or the
shaft of the needle?

Is transparent plastic film with adhesive backing that generally covers the length of the incision
berries and sizes product is vented to allow exudate to escape - ANS-What is addressing known
for skin closure?

Is used in readily accessible tissues for example skin - ANS-What is the street body of a needle
used for?

Is used to approximate skin edges mechanism utilized as a stapler considered a single fire
mechanism - ANS-skin stapler

Is went to needles are swaged one to each end of the strand

they do not have to be the same size and shape - ANS-What is double armed type of swaged
needle

Is when 1 needle is swag to one end of the strand - ANS-What are single armed attachments of
suture needle

It is a polyamide polymer derived from coal air and water - ANS-What is surgical nylon derived
from?

It is a strand of suture material that is used to tie off blood vessels, prevent hemorrhage/
bleeding and/or isolate tissue while excising - ANS-What is a ligature?
It's a modification of the taper point which has cutting edges at the point only and is used for the
Bronchus, calcified tissue, fascia, ligament, nasal cavity, oral cavity, ovary, perichondrium,
periosteum , pharynx, tendon, trachea, uterus and vessels. They are sharp and gradually
tapered shaft is round but the point is tapered. - ANS-What is a taper cut needle

It's a natural cellulose fiber made of long individual cotton fibers

it consist of multi filament strand and is the weakest of non-absorbable material choices
gain strength when wet
is used for light gating and suturing but has no advantage over silk
usually comes white or dyed pink or blue in size
1 to 5-0 - ANS-What characteristics does surgical cotton suture have?

Knot tying a somewhat difficult because the material is slick - ANS-What are the disadvantages
of synthetic polymers used in synthetic non-absorbable sutures?

Made of knowing corroding metal and are used to approximate skin

tend to cause more scar tissue that other methods
can be applied quickly and are good for critical cases not cosmetic ones
surgeon may use clips when infection or drainage is present
clips may be used to secure stockinette or towels to skin isolating an exclusion or extremity -
ANS-What are skin clips for skin closure

Many strands - ANS-What is multi filament?

Material/generic name
brand-name
use
special to use - ANS-how are sutures listed?

Memory - ANS-The capacity of a suture to regain its former shape after being reformed is
known as

memory:The capacity to take back former shape after being tied the ability
coefficient of friction: the ability to glide through tissue and retainer not
capillary: the ability to soak up fluid along a strand
pliability: the ability to bend easily
Knot tensile strength: the force measured in pounds which the suture strand can withstand
before it breaks when knotted
elasticity: the ability to regain original form and length after being stretched - ANS-Matching
memory
coefficient of friction
capillary
pliability
Knot tensile strength
elasticity

Mersilene & Dacron - ANS-Uncoated polyester fiber

mersilene Dacron - ANS-What are examples of uncoated polyester fiber sutures

Monocryl Brand name

monofilament
dyed violet and undyed
some sizes available in control release
good for
wound closure
bowel surgery mucosa
cosmetic closure
specialties
general plastics - ANS-Poliglecaprone

Monofil
Coat
Uncoat - ANS-What are the three forms of surgical nylon commonly used?

Monofilament
multi filament - ANS-What is physical configuration of suture?

Must divert both the circular and subcuticular layers outward and maintain horizon plane before
applying
jaws are placed evenly on each side of the incision
the stables have a rectangular shape over the incision
stapler supplied preloaded in different quantities and in varying widths
all staples should be removed 7 to 14 days postoperatively
extractors are required to remove staples
excellent cosmetic results occur when staples are properly placed
if staple becomes embedded it's more difficult to remove all cause a less desired result -
ANS-When using a skin stapler what must the surgeon Do?

Must inspect needle carefully for dull burr points corrosion and it defects before/after use
he did pay attention to avoid puncturing gloves when threading
diameter must match the use and type of suture requested
neat easy to threads that make unthreaded prematurely
double wrapping the eye four using two sutures creates a larger whole causing additional
trauma to skin - ANS-What are a few guidelines for handling French eye and eyed needles

Natural
synthetic - ANS-What are two types of the absorbable sutures

Neat should be stored in a puncture proof counter on the back table otherwise they can be
contained in their packets until used - ANS-Passing needles
Where should needles be stored?

need to be strong and not break easily

should be rigid yet flexible enough to bend w/out breaking to prevent excessive bleeding
points must be sharp to penetrate tissue with minimal resistance
needles should be same diameter as suture material to minimize trauma to the tissue
Selection should be appropriate in shape and size for the situation for which they are to be used
and the points and body need to be free from corrosion and burrs to prevent infection and
trauma to the tissue - ANS-Desirable Characteristics of Surgical Needles

Needle is either straight or curved - ANS-What are the needle shape characteristics?

Neurolon
the strand is tightly braided to prevent capillary action, handles much like silk, is strong causes
less reaction and may be used on all tissues where multi filament non-absorbable sutures are
acceptable
comes in black and white, with sizes ranging from 1 to 7 - 0 - ANS-What is an example of an
coat surgical nylon sutures?

Note expiration date on the package

it is important to rotate stock forward
the sutures are packaged and used dry
do not soak or dip them in water or saline this causes hydrolysis and reduction of tensile
strength
these sutures retain their pliability and are smooth and soft - ANS-What are guidelines for
handling synthetic polymers?

Novafil
made up of poly glycol terephthalate and Poly butylenes terephthalate, an extruded
monofilament strand
flexible and elastic and comes in clear and blue sizes 2 to 10-0 - ANS-Polybutester

Novafil - ANS-Polybutester

PDS and PDS II

may be used in slow healing tissues and for extended wound support
applications may include abdominal and thoracic closure subcutaneous tissue and colorectal
surgery - ANS-Polydioxanone
Plain Catgut Type A - ligation of small vessels and suture subcutaneous fat and tissue under
tension while healing
Chrome gut type C - infected tissues and slow healing tissue and for ligation of larger vessels
biliary urinary tracts and muscle and fascia closure
Polydioxanone sutures eg PDS- abdominal and thoracic closure, subcutaneous tissue, and
colorectal surgery
Polyglyconate sutures eg Maxon soft tissue except cardiovascular, neural, ophthalmic tissues
Polyglactin 910 sutures eg Vicryl - ophthalmic procedures and when absorption is desired
Polyglycolic acid sutures e.g. Dexon peritoneal, fascial, and subcutaneous closure -
ANS-Matching:

Playability
coefficient of friction - ANS-What are they handling characteristics of suture?

Pliability means it's easily bent - ANS-What is playability of suture?

Polyester fiber is a polymer of terephthaic acid and polyethylene, braided into a multi filament
strand - ANS-What are polyester fiber sutures made of?

Polymers - ANS-What are synthetic absorbable sutures made of?

Polypropylene
Polybutester
Polyethylene - ANS-What are the other synthetic polymers uses non-absorbable sutures other
than surgical nylon and polyester?

Possesses a high tensile strength

and degrades by hydrolysis over time
may be used in all tissues except when long-term support is needed - ANS-What type of
strength though surgical nylon possess and how is it degregated?

Prior to starting the procedure

when sharps are added to the field
before closure of a cavity
at skin closure or end of procedure
the wound closure begins - ANS-Identify all items that sharps should be counted?

Prolene & Surgilene - ANS-Polypropylene

Provides rapid method to ID anastomosis and approximate tissues

sound healing is accelerated with minimal trauma and a nonreactive nature
result produces an even surface and an airtight leakproof closure - ANS-What are the
advantages of surgical staples?
Quickly immerse the suture in sterile water or in normal saline solution - ANS-If natural
absorbable suture starts to dry out during the procedure

Rates the ability to glide through tissue and retain a not they are rated from high to low -
ANS-What is coefficient of friction?

Round oval body type - ANS-Body shape of trocar needle

round, oval body - ANS-Body shape of blunt needle?

Round/oval body - ANS-Body shape of tapered needle

Scrub person plays the instrument imposition on a designated zone near the working area this
own contains a magnetic pad or container to hold instruments and keep them from slipping
surgeon it picks up and returns the instrument to the same area - ANS-What does the no touch
hands-free neutral zone method mean?

Silicone example Ticron comes in white blue and green

Polybutilate: Ethibond comes in green white sizes 5 to 7-0
polytetrafluroethylene : Teflon,"Polydek" and Tevdek comes in green in sizes 5 to 10-0 -
ANS-Letter examples of coated polyester fiber sutures

Silk
surgical cotton
Linen
stainless steel - ANS-What are natural non-absorbable sutures?

Single armed
double armed
permanent
control - ANS-What are the four ways that suture material can be attached to eyeless or swaged
needles?

Single-strand - ANS-What is monofilament?

skin stapler
linear stapler
intraluminal circular stapler
ligating and dividing stapler - ANS-What are the types of disposable staplers

Stainless steel or titanium - ANS-What are surgical staples made of?

Surface is lubricated to provide smooth passage through tissues

mainly used for cardiovascular anastomosis and prosthesis placement
retains strength indefinitely
different brands use different coating materials some coding may flake off - ANS-What are
examples of coated polyester fiber sutures and what are the characteristics

Surgical got an collagen are packed in fluid which may be irritating to the eye tissue
open packages over small basin to prevent splashing on the field or into the eyes
sutures should not be open until needed as they lose pliability when dried out
for ophthalmic cases suit you should be rinsed not soaked
a suture dries out restored by quickly immersing and sterile water or normal saline not above
98.6 do not soak - ANS-What are guidelines for handling natural absorbable sutures?

Surgical gut which is obtained from collagen the submucosal layer of small intestines of sheep
or serosa of cattle. Sutures are absorbed in less than 21 days - ANS-What is the first type of
natural suture

Surgical silk: gives good support during early ambulation and promotes rapid healing: used to
close fascia when no infection is present
Virgin silk: composed of natural fibers: used for ophthalmic surgery
dermal silk: strands are encased in a gelatin or protein substance: it used for skin sutures
surgical cotton: weakest of non-absorbable material choices: gains strength when wet
linen: tensile strength is inferior to other non-absorbable's: used for gastrointestinal surgery
steel: used for orthopedics: may be used in the presence of infection - ANS-Matching

surgical steel is made of 316L-SS low carbon iron alloy wire

referred to an measured by gauge(18-40) and is inert with high tensile strength - ANS-What are
the characteristics of stainless steel suture?

Surgilon
it is a braided strand treated with silicone, which enhances passage through tissue
otherwise similar to silk and uncoated multi filament nylon - ANS-What are examples of coat
surgical nylon sutures?

Surgilon - ANS-Coated multifiliament nylon

Swaged - ANS-_____Needles are continuity with suture material

Synthetic polymers are used in synthetic non-absorbable sutures which have advantages and
disadvantages - ANS-Synthetic non-absorbable sutures

The ability of suture to soak up fluid along the Strand - ANS-What is capillary?

The ability to regain original form and length after being stretched - ANS-What is elasticity of a
suture?
The distance across a given millimeter expressed in USP sizes with zeros - ANS-What is
diameter?

the no touch hands-free or neutral zone method - ANS-Passing needles

what is the recommended technique for passing sharps?

The opening and shape may be round or oblong or square - ANS-What is the eye of the
needle?

The point
The body (shaft)
The eye - ANS-What three components are needles classified by?

The scrub person should notify the perioperative team - ANS-Who show plat the team know if
the needle comes back broken

The tendency of suture to recoil to its original shape during packaging higher memory equals
less not security - ANS-What is memory of the suture?

The trocar tipped needle has three cutting edges at the very tip
it's used to penetrate tough tissues - ANS-What are Tocar point needles

The way needles are loaded and placed on the needle holders - ANS-What does each surgeon
have a preference regarding needles

These needles do not penetrate underlying tissues but rather split tissue layers used for
ophthalmic surgery - ANS-Matching
side cutting point

This needle is flat on the top and bottom with angulated edges on the sides
Side cutting needles do not penetrate underlying tissues but rather they split tissue layers
side cutting needles are used for ophthalmic surgery - ANS-What are side cutting point?

This needle is triangular in shape with two opposing edges and a third edge on the body
Ususally the needle us curved with the cutting edge on the inside curvature, creating a very
small path, which heal quickly
Conventional points are used for ligament in the nasal and oral cavities, and pharynx, skin and
tendon applications - ANS-What are Conventional cutting needles

Ticron, Ethibond, Teflon, Polydek and Tevdek - ANS-Coated polyester fiber

Tincture of bezonic - ANS-What do manufacturers recommend using to promote sticking

Tissue is placed in the street jaw of the appropriate length of stapler

 jaw gap must be adequate for the thickness of the tissues
search it may measure tissues to determine what sizes required
disposable stapler is then adjusted to those settings for the proper fit
these staplers form the shape of a B they allow for holding without crushing and help in
maintaining blood flow - ANS-How is a linear stapler used?

To approximate tissues and provides a quick turn advantage - ANS-What what is a curved body
needle used for?

To enable the needle to be cross locked in the needle holder which prevents the needle position
from turning - ANS-wire curved needles ribbed on the inside/outside curves?

To minimize waste
custom kits or procedure packs need to be counted individually as they are added to the sterile
field were opened they should not use outer label to facilitate Counts - ANS-Packaging of suture
why should suit your packages not be opened until they are needed?

To prevent percutaneous injuries - ANS-Why should the hand-to-hand passing be avoided by

the surgeon and in the scrub tech

Two different kinds of metal must not be embedded in the tissues simultaneously it creates an
unfavorable Electrolytic reaction
some implants and prostheses are made of Vitallium, titanium or tantalum and would not be
compatible
suture material used in the want must be compatible and not react
strands are malleable they can get easily and they must be straight for use
only wire scissors should be used to cut the strands
barbs can terra gloves so it's advisable to go double glove
if steel is used with the needle on threading can be prevented by twisting the end of the base of
a needle - ANS-What things are important to remember when working with stainless steel
suture?

used for into a luminal anastomosis of a tubular hollow organ usually the G.I. tract -
ANS-Intraluminal circular stapler

Used for intraluminal anastomosis of a tubular hollow organ usually the G.I. tract
the surgeon chooses the stapler that is sized appropriate and a circular knife trims the tissue as
the stapler is fired
Staples form the B - ANS-What is the intra-luminal stapler used for?

Used on organs, as it is less apt to puncture the vessels within organs used for dissection of
friable tissue - ANS-Matching
blunt point
Used throughout the alimentary tract and thoracic procedures - ANS-Linear stapler

Used to approximate skin edges - ANS-Match the stapler/enclosure product to its appropriate
application:
skin stapler

Used to approximate the edges of superficial lacerations or as a primary closure - ANS-Skin

closure strips

Used to like eight and divide omental vessels or soft tubular structures - ANS-Ligating and
dividing stapler

Used to punch through tough tissues - ANS-Matching

trocar point

Used to secure stockinette or towels to the skin - ANS-Skin clips

Varies in gage link shape and finish

type of tissue will determine gauge, fine to heavy
depth of the placement in the tissue determines its length
needle body may be around oval flat or triangle - ANS-What are the features to keep in mind for
the body of the needle?

Zeros for example 2-0 - ANS-Smaller diameter has more