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SECOND TERM: E-LEARNING NOTES

SUBJECT: CIVIC EDUCATION CLASS: SS2

SCHEME OF WORK

WEEKS TOPICS/CONTENT
THEME 4: ACHIEVING POPULAR PARTICIPATION IN POLITICS
1. Revision of last term’s work.
2. Popular Participation: (a) Definition of popular participation. (b) Reasons why
people do not participate in politics. E.g. economics, obstacles, discrimination,
illiteracy, etc. (c) How popular organizations are formed.
THEME 5: LIMITATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
3. Human Rights: (a) Definition of human rights. (b) Limitations of Human Rights
e.g. Wars, State of emergency, conviction in a law court, etc.
4. Human Rights: (c)Meaning and features of emergency periods e.g. limitation of
movement and lack of freedom of speech.
THEME 6: DRUGS AND DRUG ABUSE
5. Drug Use and Abuse: (a) Meaning of drug and drug abuse. (b) Types of drugs
that can be abused and how they are abused.
6. Effects of Drugs and Drug abuse: (a) Symptoms of Drug Abuse e.g. violence,
depression, allergy, etc. (b) Behaviours exhibited by drug addicts seen from
photographs and illustrations.
7. MID TERM BREAK
8. Prevention of Drug Abuse: (a) Ways of preventing drug abuse. (b) Government
agencies that are working to prevent drug abuse; e.g. NDLEA, NAFDAC.
9. Drug Law, Enforcement and Administration: (a) Laws that are promulgated
against drug abuse. (b) Activities of drug enforcement agencies e.g. burning of
fake or expired drugs.
THEME 7: RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD

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10. Responsible Parenthood: (a) Meaning of Responsible Parenthood. (b) Roles of

responsible parents e. g providing for the household, caring, education, good
home training, etc. (c) importance of responsible parenthood
11. Revision.
12. Examination.

WEEK 1 DATE……………………….

REVISION OF LAST’S WORK

WEEK 2 DATE……………………….

SUBJECT: CIVIC EDUCATION

CLASS: SS2

TOPIC: POPULAR PARTICIPATION

CONTENT: 1. DEFINITION OF POPULAR PARTICIPATION

2. REASONS WHY PEOPLE DO NOT PARTICIPATE IN POLITICS

3. HOW POPULAR ORGANIZATION ARE FORMED

SUB-TOPIC 1: DEFINITION OF POPULAR PARTICIPATION.

It refers to active involvements of citizens in matter of political social and cultural activities in
their country. It is a process of involving the citizens in the governance of their country and in
deciding important socio-cultural, political and economic matter. It also refer to the procedure of
involving majority of the citizens of a country in the decision making processes especially on
issues that affects the welfare of the generality of the populace.

It is a process where citizens on their own involve themselves in direct or indirect decisions
making that affect their social, economic and political welfare.

There are ways by which people exercise their popular participation in the politics of their
country.

i. Citizens that are eligible register for election as a voter or a candidate.

ii. Voting during election to elect the leader of their choice.

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iii. Citizens will also belong or support a part of their choice

iv. Attendance to political party meeting to be equipped and campaigns.

v. Citizens who are qualified should occupy political offices or position to serve their
nations: Presidents, Governors.

vi. Qualified citizen should contest for election.

vii. The citizens can also criticize the government where they are not doing well
constructively.

Importance of popular participation

There are benefits from popular participation.

a. It gives people opportunity to be part of decision making in their country.

b. It is also means of being patriotic because it will afford citizens the opportunity to serve
their country.

c. It gives the citizens opportunity to be gainfully employed and to earn a living while
holding a political posts or offices, The President, Governor, Counselor, etc.

d. It trains future political leaders.

e. It corrects the government so that they will not repeat their past mistakes.

f. It makes for effective and efficient management of the country resources.

Evaluation

1. What is Popular Participation

2. Itemize 6 ways by which citizens exercise their Popular Participation
3. Mention 4 importance of Popular Participation

IMPORTANCE/ REASON FOR POPULAR PARTICIPATION

1. It foster political awareness and education

2. It enhances development
3. It creates greater opportunities for the citizens
4. It ensures legitimacy of government
5. It encourages a sense of belonging among people
6. It improves the quality of governance
7. It ensures equity in the allocation of social resources
8. It carries everybody along in the process of development.
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9. Political stability -

SUB-TOPIC 2: REASONS WHY PEOPLE DO NOT PARTICIPATE IN POLITICS.

Some of the reasons why people do not participate in politics are:

1. Educational attainment: We have minimum qualification for any post into which people
might want to contest, therefore, an illiterate may not be able to contest for such elective
position.

2. Lack of enlightenment – The citizens are not properly enlightened to know the need for
them to participate fully in the governance of their country. Some do not know when
elections are held even when it is announced in the air and television. They do not know
the names of the political parties formed and which to join.

3. Financial constraint is also a factor – some citizens cannot afford to feed their families.
Full political participation requires money to register, organize political rallies and other
things. Since they do not have money they will not participate.

4. Some religion organization do not allow their members to be involved in politics

especially women.

5. Some places, culture forbid them from participating in politics.

6. It may be due to the attitude of the government towards the citizens when the citizens are
not catered for in any way

7 One party system which does not give room for choice may keep people away from politics
especially when the party in power do not perform well.

8 Violence; if the hoodlums and thugs take over political activities especially attacking
innocent opposition.

9 Biased Electoral body discourages people from participating in politics.

10 When there is no press freedom, citizens’ participation will be reduced

11 Failure of elected leaders to fulfill their promises as outlined in their manifestoes

12 Lack of independent Electoral Umpire

Evaluation

Mention and explain 5 reasons why people do not participate in politics

SUB - TOPIC 3: FORMATION OF POPULAR ORGANIZATION

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Organization is the coming together of different groups to form a body to achieve a set goal.
They can start from immediate community. It is better to start from the immediate community
like neighbourhoods. Many Christian and Islamic Organizations started that way.

a. Through identification of common grounds or interest among persons or groups: Nigeria

Bar Association (NBA)), Nigerian Labour Congress (NLC) Nigerian medical Association
(NMA), Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU), were formed to fight for the
interest of workers welfare and benefits.

b. There must be formal registration of popular organizations with the appropriate

authorities.

c. Popular organizations should work in partnership with the government in bringing peace,
happiness, unity, freedom and social justice.

d. A popular organization is an open society, where all activities are transparent and they
provide beneficial services that will bring about peace.

e. Rules and regulations are drafted by a committee appointed to work on the documents
called a charter, bye-law, constitution or partnership deeds.

Evaluation:

1. Explain the concept of popular participation.

2. Is it possible for people not to participate in politics, if yes or no, why?

GENERAL EVALUATION

1. Enumerate five reasons for non-participation in politics by some citizens.

2. Explain four (4) benefits of political participation

3. What is Popular Participation?

4. Itemize five (5) ways by which citizens exercise their Popular Participation

5. List five (4) importance of Popular Participation

Weekend Assignment

Objective Test

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1. Involvement and taking part in political activities by citizens a country is called A.

Election B. Campaign C. Popular participation D. Political party

2. The opposite of popular participation is B. Political Parties B. Political slogan C. Political

apathy D. Political activity.

3. One of the reasons for non-participation in politics is A. Illiteracy B. Good Governance

C. Political parties D. Political right

4. Popular participation can equally be called B. Elitist participation in politics B.

Participation by the rich C. Participation by the nobles D. Mass participation in politics

5. The following are forms of political participation except one: B. Ringing elections B.
Voting during elections C. Supporting candidates in elections D. Contesting elections

Essay Test

1. List five reasons for non-participation in politics

2. Explain four benefits or political participation.

READING ASSIGNMENT

Read civic education for Senior Secondary Schools 2 by S. O. Omotuyole

PRE-READING ASSIGNMENT

Read about limitations of human rights.

REFERENCE TEXTS

1. Basic Civic Education for senior Secondary Schools Book 2 by Ukaegbu Merry N. Et al
Meybiks publishers

2. Civic Education for Senior Secondary School by Dr. Ben Emunemu et al. Evans.

WEEK 3 DATE……………………….

SUBJECT: CIVIC EDUCATION

CLASS: SS2

TOPIC: HUMAN RIGHTS

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CONTENT: 1. DEFINITION OF HUMAN RIGHTS

2. LIMITATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS

SUB – TOPIC 1: DEFINITION OF HUMAN RIGHTS

1. Definition of human rights

Human rights are rights human being posse irrespective of their sex, religion, origin, race
and colour, which the government has the responsibility to protect.

It is also the legal entitlements or privileges enjoy by the citizens of a given country
irrespective of gender, colour, creed race, tribe, ethnic among other status

UDHR is Universal Declaration of Human Rights which took place on December 10th,
1948 in Paris, France. It is marked every 10th of December of every year. It was adopted
by the United Nations general assembly. We have the economic, social and cultural
Rights.

i. Freedom from want – the right to food, clothing, housing and medical care

ii. Freedom of Worship - human being is free to practice the religion his choice.

iii. Freedom from fear – the right is social security. Human beings should feel
protected and safe at all times.

iv. Right of life.

v. Right to belong to any social group of your choice

vi. Right to form trade unions

vii. Right to education

viii. Right to equal pay for equal work

We also have political right

a. Right to equality before the law whether poor or rich, educated or illiterate

b. Right to freedom of movement.

c. Freedom of speech and expression, thought, conscience, religion and opinions.

d. Right not to be subjected to torture

e. Right to fair trial

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EVALUATION

1. What is Human Right?

2. State 8 examples of Human Right

LIMITATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS

1. Conviction in a law court: if a citizen is found guilty of armed robbery, treason or murder
by a law court, such citizen could be denied his or her rights to life by public execution.
2. Imposition of curfew: civil disorder in a state could lead to the state government
imposing a curfew
3. State of emergency: a state of emergency is a temporary system of rules to deal with
extremely dangerous or difficult situations. This is usually declared by the president of a
country when there is total breakdown of law and order in a state, especially when there
is an outbreak of civil war.
4. Slander, libel or sedition: The government could restrict the freedom of expression of
citizens when there is slander or sedition by individuals or libel by the press.
5. Children under eighteen years of age: A child that is under the age of eighteen years of
age could be denied voting rights. This is done with the thinking that such children are
not yet mentally matured enough to take critical decisions regarding issues of election
and governance.
6. Health reasons: The right to freedom of movement of a citizen may be denied if he or she
suffers from insanity or any of the contagious diseases. Examples include people having
psychiatric illness, leprosy, small pox, etc.
7. Criminal acts: A citizen could be deprived of the rights to free movement if he or she is
found guilty of criminal acts such as stealing, drug or human trafficking, kidnapping, etc.

EVALUATION

Identify five limitations of Human Rights

GENERAL EVALUATION

1. What is Human Right?

2. State 8 examples of Human Right

3. Mention five fundamental human rights.

4. Identify five things that may lead to human rights violation

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

Objective Test

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1. The fundamental human rights are alienable rights because they. A. Can be taken away B.
Cannot be taken away C. can be can called D. cannot be enforce D.

2. The right to freedom of assembly and freedom of movement of assembly and freedom of
movement falls into the category of _______ right A. Political right B. Social right C.
Economic right D. legal right

3. Which of these options is not an economic, social and cultural right? B. right to work and
be paid B. Right to enjoy social security C. Right to fair trail D. Right to food, clothing and
shelter

4. Human rights can be withdrawn or limited during all of these except A. Peace and
stability B. State of emergency C. Armed rebellion D. wars

5. The rights which people possess unconditionally simply by virtue of their humanity is
called A. Popular rights B. Citizens rights C. social rights D. human rights

Essay Test

1. Mention five fundamental human rights.

2. Identify five things that may lead to human rights violaton.

READING ASSIGNMENT

Read National Standard Civic Education for Senior Secondary Schools by Folami Oluwatoyin
pages 138 -142.

PRE – READING ASSIGNMENT

Read about what happens during emergency periods

WEEKEND ACTIVITIES

1. Describe five things that can happen in an emergency situation

REFERENCE TEXTS

1. National Standard Civic Education for Senior Secondary Schools by Folami Oluwatoyin
Imperial Publishers.

WEEK 4 DATE……………………….

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SUBJECT: CIVIC EDUCATION

CLASS: SS2

TOPIC: HUMAN RIGHTS

CONTENT: 1. MEANING AND FEATURES OF EMERGENCY PERIODS

Sub-Topic1: Meaning and features of emergency periods

A period of emergency in a nation or state could be described as periods of tension, uncertainty

characterized by unpleasant occurrences which affects human rights. The rights of individuals
are usually limited or restricted during emergency periods because chaos replaces peace and
lives and properties are in serious danger. During emergency some aspects of the constitution are
suspended and security operatives such as the Police and Armed forces are drafted into such
areas affected by the crisis and their presence sometimes can be quite uncomfortable and
unpleasant. Indeed, living a community life becomes very difficult in such areas.

Features of emergency periods:

The following are some of the things that happen during the period of emergency:

1. Limitation of Movement: Citizens of such environment are advised to stay indoors

thereby restricting their movement and this action cannot be challenged in a law court.
2. Imposition of curfew: A dusk to dawn curfew may be imposed and people’s movement is
restricted even in the night.
3. Suspension of Legislation: The legislative arm of government is usually the first victim
of emergency rule. The act of lawmaking is suspended and the law makers are
immediately sacked and authoritarian rule takes over. The Governor also is appointed to
take over the administration of that state.
4. Suspension of Freedom of Assembly: During emergency period, the right of assembly of
the people is taken away. The gathering of people especially for political reasons is
termed unlawful and could be jailed for so doing. Cases of such occurred during the
military era.
5. Loss of Freedom of Expression: During emergency rule, people are too afraid to express
their opinion because those who dare to do so undergo serious harassment, torture, jailed
or even killed.. The media are usually targets and victims.
6. Breakdown of law and Order: During periods of emergency, some people may be
unfortunate. They may lose their lives or properties or even both.
7. Indefinite closure of some public Institutions: In emergency, some institutions may be
forced to close down due to fear of uncertainty, institutions such as Educational
Institutions, Hospitals, Worship centers, Airports, etc.

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8. Criminal Activities: During emergency periods, some individuals or organized group

may resort to committing all sorts of crimes such as looting, rape, arson-burning of
people’s houses, or worship places, blocking roads and burning tyres on major roads and
streets, etc.
9. Displacement of Persons: During periods of emergency, people because of fear of losing
their lives run from their homes and become refugees. This is usually the case during
wars, communal clashes/crisis, fire disaster, flooding earthquake, etc.
10. Outbreak of Diseases: Prolonged period of emergency may lead to shortage of food at
refugee camps, outbreak of diseases such as cholera, kwashiorkor resulting from
overcrowding, poor sanitary conditions etc.
11. Disruption of Economic and Social Activities: During emergency period, people find it
difficult to carry out their duties. Businesses are suspended due to fear. This also slows
down progress and development of the society.
12. Fettered Judiciary: The judges may at such times be forced to give judgements that suit
the authority during emergency rule.

EVALUATION

1. List five things that happen during the period of emergency.

GENERAL EVALUATION

1. List five occurrences during the period of emergency.

2. Itemize five things that happen during the period of emergency
3. Discuss briefly some of the things that do happen during the period of emergency

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

Objective Test:

1. A situation characterized by unpleasant occurrences in a nation or state could lead

to_________ (a) period of assembly (b) period of emergency rule (c) period of
celebration (d) period of deliberation
2. One of these is not among many things that happen during the period of emergency. (a)
Curfew (b) Breakdown of law and order (c) unrestricted movement (d) suspension of
legislation
3. One of the following usually happened during emergency rule. (a) provision of social
amenities (b) supply of food to people (c) restriction of movement (d) killing of all men
4. During emergency rule the right of citizens is________ (a) under-mind (b) encouraged
(c) reinvigorated (d) rewarded and upheld daily
5. Which of these made people to flee their community? (a) civil war and emergency rule
(b) population census (c) independent celebration (d) the sight of soldiers and task force.

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ESSAY QUESTIONS

1. Briefly describe a state of emergency and how the citizens are affecteD..

READING ASSIGNMENT

Read Basic Civic Education for Senior Secondary Schools SS 2, by Ukegbu, Merry N etal,
Meybiks Nig. Publishers (pages 68-71)

PRE-READING ASSIGNMENT

Read about Drug Use and Abuse; Meaning and Types.

WEEKEND ACTIVITY

State the meaning of drug and drug abuse and types of drugs that can be abuseD..

REFERENCE TEXTS

1. Basic Civic Education for Senior Secondary Schools, SS 2 by Ukegbu, Merry N etal,
Meybiks Nig Publishers (Pages 72-75)
2. Cosmopolitan Civic Education for Senior Secondary Schools by Adeshola Olubunmi
etal, Cosmopolitan Book Services (Pages 59-66)

WEEK 5 DATE……………………….

SUBJECT: CIVIC EDUCATION

CLASS: SS2

TOPIC: DRUGS AND DRUG ABUSE

CONTENT: 1. MEANING OF DRUG AND DRUG ABUSE

2. TYPES OF DRUGS THAT CAN BE ABUSED AND HOW

THEY ARE ABUSED..

What is Drug?

A drug can be defined as a substance used for chemical purposes, either alone or in a mixture. It
is a chemical preparation for the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of diseases or ailments. It can
also be defined as any substance that modifies biological, psychological and social behaviour. To
a lay man, drug is synonymous with medicine. Drug, when taken, if it changes the functioning of

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the body for good e.g. healing an ailment or disease, it is called medicine, but if the changes
produce bad effect, it is referred to as drug abuse.

Drugs are taken based on Doctors prescription. Drugs when taken may have other effects other
than those needeD.. Such effects are generally known as side effects

What is Drug Abuse?

It is misuse or improper way of using drug. It can be defined as the use of hard drug. A drug is
said to be abused when it is taken without medical prescription. It also involves indiscriminate
use of any drug.

Drug abuse can also be defined as the use of illegal drugs in such a way that it may be harmful to
the user or to others. It is also the habitual use of drugs to alter one’s mood, emotion or state of
consciousness. In addition, drug abuse means an excessive or improper use of drugs, especially
through self-medication for non-medical purposes. Drug abuse could lead to addiction or
dependence, serious physiological damage or injury, (such as damage to kidneys, liver, heart,
brain, etc) or psychological harm (such as dysfunctional behaviour patterns, hallucination,
memory loss, etc or even death. Drug abuse is also known as substance abuse.

It is important to state that most of the drugs prescriptions are not abused but rather “misused”

The National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) says that drugs are abused when;

1. Its use is not medically necessary or for non-medical purpose.

2. Its use is legally prohibited and
3. It is excessively and persistently self-administered.

Forms of Drug Abuse

1. Taking medicine without doctor’s prescription.

2. Misuse of prescription drugs
3. Taking prohibited substances like hard drugs, (e.g. cocaine and heroin, marijuana) to make
them feel ‘high’.
4. Excessive ‘social drinking’ of alcohol, etc
5. Heavy consumption of tobacco-cigarettes, cigars and snuff at a time.
6. Excessive consumption of substances such as coffee, kola-nuts to stay awake constitute drug
abuse
7. Taking or inhaling of certain substances to enhance performance in sports or to become bold
to face an audience, or to get inspiration for creativity, is drug abuse
8. Taking fake, expired and wrong doses of drug.

EVALUATION

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1. Define (a) Drug (b) Drug Abuse

2. Differentiate between drug and medicine
3. Highlight the forms of drug abuse

SUB-TOPIC 2: TYPES OF DRUGS THAT CAN BE ABUSED AND HOW THEY ARE
ABUSED

Types of drugs and how they are abused

1. Alcohol: Alcohol is abused when taken in excess, making the person insensible and
intoxicated Such alcohols include ogogoro (illicit gin/unrefined spirit, beer, wine, brandy,
whisky, palm wine, local concursion, burukutu, etC.. Alcohol is taken by drinking.
2. Stimulants: These are drugs that make one behave abnormally when taken excessively.
These drugs normally change one’s physiological state, thereby affecting the normal
functioning of the nervous system. Examples of stimulating drugs include cocaine, caffeine,
heroin, cannabis, marijuana, amphetamine, and methamphetamine. Some stimulants are
either injected, or swallowed, or smoked or snorted
3. Inducement drugs: These are drugs that change one’s looks and behaviour and make one do
things they could not do ordinarily. Sex workers, destitute, armed robbers, are those who
mostly use inducement drugs. Also, inducement drugs can be used medically for patients
undergoing surgery and can be used to induce sleep to aid quick recovery from an ailment.
Some inducement drugs are also stimulants such as
a. Cocaine: This is a whitish substance from cocoa leaves, when taken; it increases
the energy level and performance. It is usually swallowed
b. Amphetamine: These are inducement drugs that cause increased confidence,
performance, talkativeness, energy abnormal quick response, etc they are injected
or swallowed, smoked or snorted
c. Cannabinoids: These are greenish leaves. When taken as tea or smoked, increases
internal stimuli, thereby making one intoxicated. Examples include, Marijuana,
Hashish, etc
d. Sedative Drugs: These are substances that induce one to sleep. They are used
medically for patients to make them sleep to quick recovery from sickness. They
can be swallowed or injected. Examples are Valium 5, Amytal, Phenobarbital,
Rohypnol, etc
e. Anabolic steroids: These are mostly used by athletes to increase their performance
and gain advantage over others. Examples include Anadrol, Oxendine,
Durabolium. They can be injected, swallowed or applied to the skin. Steroids use
has been banned worldwide and serious sanctions are placed on athletes caught in
using them.

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f. Inhalants: These are substances when taken, alters the body functions or
behaviour such that one feels on top of the world-feels high. Such substances
include solvents, gasoline, glues, solution, aerosol, etc. these are usually inhaled
through the nose or mouth.

EVALUATION

1. Identify five different types of drugs that can be abused and explain how they are abused
2. What is the psychological implication of drug abuse?

GENERAL EVALUATION

Essay Test

1. Give the meaning of the followings (a) Drug (b) Drug Abuse
2. Differentiate between drug and medicine
3. Itemize the forms of drug abuse
4. Identify five different types of drugs that can be abused and explain how they are abused
5. Explain the difference between drug and drug abuse

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

Objective Questions

1. When a substance is taken into the body and it changes the functioning for good, it is
known as (a) Drug (b) Medicine (c) Self- medication (d) Test
2. Which one is not among the group of drugs? (a) Inhalant (b) Cannabis (c) Alcohol (d)
Cancer
3. Drug is defined as a _________ substance used in the treatment, cure or prevention of
disease. (a) physical (b) chemical (c) biological (d) psychological
4. Which one is not a way of abusing drug? (a) Misuse of prescription drugs (b) Self-
medication (c) Moderate intake of alcoholic drinks (d) Taking drugs for enhancing
performance
5. The following are hard drugs that people abuse EXCEPT
(a) Heroin (b) cocaine (c) Vitamin C (d) Cannabis

Essay Questions

1. Explain the following terms as it relates to the use of drugs:

i. Drug abuse
ii. Drug “misuse”
iii. “Side-effect” of drugs
iv. “Expired drug
v. Drug addiction
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2. Most of the prescription drugs are not abused but misused. Discuss.
3. Excessive intake of alcoholic drink is a drug abuse. Discuss
4. According to NDLEA, highlight and explain three (3) situations when drug is said to
be abused

READING ASSIGNMENT

Read Basic Civic Education for Senior Secondary Schools SS2 by Ukegbu, Merry N etal,
Meybiks Nig. Publishers (Pages 72-75)

PRE-READING ASSIGNMENT

Read about symptoms of Drug Abuse and Behaviours exhibited by drug addicts.

WEEKEND ACTIVITY

Write an essay on Symptoms and Some Behaviours of Drug Addicts.

REFERENCE TEXTS

1. Basic Civic Education for Senior Secondary Schools SS2 by Ukegbu, Merry N etal,
Meybiks Nig. Publishers (Pages 75-78)
2. Civic Education for Senior Secondary Book Two, by R.W Okunloye etal, Longman
(Pages 36-39)

WEEK 6 DATE……………………….

SUBJECT: CIVIC EDUCATION

CLASS: SS2

TOPIC: EFFECTS OF DRUGS AND DRUG ABUSE

CONTENT: 1. SYMPTOMS OF DRUG ABUSE.

2. BEHAVIOURS EXHIBITED BY DRUG ADDICTS.

SUB – TOPIC: SYMPTOMS OF DRUG ABUSE.

Drug abusers often try to downplay their drug use and hide their symptoms. Although different
drugs have different physical effects on their users, the symptoms of addiction or abuse are the
same no matter the drug. Here are some of the symptoms of drug abuse:

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1. Isolation from family members (hiding in room, locking bedroom door and avoiding
family activities.

2. Social activities occurring more often, sometimes at odd hours.

3. Memory lapses: they often lose their memory.

4. Becoming manipulative

5. Exhibiting negative attitude towards rules and parents.

6. Thrill seeking behaviours – they involve in law breaking, promiscuity, pregnancy, and
others.

7. Sneaking out of the house at odd hours.

8. Stealing and lying.

9. Disrespect to parents and to school authorities

10. Skipping class or school and dropping out of school activities.

11. Violent or threatening (verbal or physically)

12. Moodiness, irritability or nervousness.

13. Membership of secret cult

14. Using drug slang, talking about drugs, etc.

15. Reading drug-oriented magazines.

16. Wearing drug-oriented clothing and accessories

17. Talking about attempting suicide

18. Shop lifting or stealing from family members.

19. Spending large sums of money and asking for money always.

20. Lack of motivation and poor performance in school.

21. Weight changes or unusual eating patterns (type of food, time of day, etc

22. Frequency use of eye drops for blood shot eyes.

23. Using dark eye glasses to hide away his eyes.

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24. Makes friendship with drug users and drug sellers

25. Death or disability.

26. Homicides i.e. Murders

27. Psychological trauma and brain damage or disorders

EVALUATION

1. What is drug abuse?

2. List any five symptoms of drug abuse

3. List four types of had drugs that are abused

SUB – TOPIC 2: BEHAVIOURS EXHIBITED BY DRUG ADDICTS.

Drug addicts usually exhibit some form of behaviours such as:

1. Drug addicts may have poor relationship with other members of the society due to
harmful effects of such drugs.

2. They may have reduction in productivity in places of work due to the weakness of the
body.

3. Such people may not be able to sleep well, especially when they take more than the
required doses.

4. There may be reduction in the stress tolerant level.

5. There may also be a reduction in self -esteem as such a person may feel neglected by the
people who may not want to associate with him or her.

6. It may result in medical problem high blood pressures due to harmful effects of the drug
taken.

7. It may lead to mental problem like schizophrenib.

8. It may also lead to nausea and dizziness:

9. There may be frequent mood swing as many types of behaviours can be exhibited by
such people.

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10. There may be loss of sense of control.

11. Drug addicts are usually morally bankrupt and decadent.

12. Drug addicts are criminally minded

13. They serve as threat to the peaceful co-existence of the nation.

14. They are usually responsible for lawless behaviours in the society.

EVALUATION

1. Differentiate between drugs and drugs abuse,

2. Identify different drug samples that can be abused

3. List any five behaviours of drug addicts

4. Write an essay on symptoms of a drug addict.

5. If you have a friend who is a drug addict, outline four ways or methods you will adopt to
modify his or her behaviour.

GENERAL EVALUATION

1. List five causes of drug abuse among youths?

2. List any five symptoms of drug addicts.

3. List four types of had drugs that are abused and how they are abused

4. Differentiate between drugs addict and drugs abused person.

5. Identify different drug samples that can be abused

6. List any five behaviours of drug addicts

7. Write an essay on symptoms of drug addiction.

8. If you have a friend who is a drug addict, outline four ways or methods you will adopt to
modify his or her behaviour.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

Objective Test:

1. Drug is defined as a _______ substance used in the treatment, cure or prevention of a

disease. (a) physical (b) Chemical(c) Biological (d) Psychological
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2. The use of drugs in a way that society deems them harmful to the user or others is
referred to as drug _______ (a) refuse (d) arouse (c) abuse (d) usage

3. The following except one is a hard drug that people indulge in taking. (a) Heroin (b)
cocaine (c) cannabis (d) Vitamin

4. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of drug abuse? (a) Dropping out of school
activities (b) moody savings

(c) socially responsible (d) Social activities occurring more often especially at off hours.

5. The following are forms of behaviour often exhibited by drug addicts EXCEPT
_________ (a) calmness (b) moodiness (c) nervousness (d) getting into trouble
frequently.

Essay Test

1. Explain the concept of drug abuse

2. List and explain three way drugs can be abused

3. What are the psychological effects of drug abuse?

4. State four symptoms and three behaviours exhibited by drug addicts.

READING ASSIGNMENT

Read dynamics of civic education for senior secondary schools, by Sola Adu et al. Page 80 – 83

PRE – READING ASSIGNMENT

Read about ways of preventing drug abuse.

WEEKEND ACTIVITY

List two national agencies that help to control the abuse of drugs.

REFERENCE TEXTS

1. Dynamics of civic education for Senior Secondary Schools, by Sola Adu etal. Emadet
Publications Ibadan

2. Cosmopolitan Civic Education for Secondary Schools by Adeshola Olubunmi et al.

Cosmopolitan Book services.

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WEEK 7-MID-TERM BREAK

WEEK 8:

SUBJECT: CIVIC EDUCATION

CLASS: SS2

TOPIC: EFFECTS OF DRUGS AND DRUG ABUSE

CONTENT: 1. WAYS OF PREVENTING DRUG ABUSE.

2. GOVERNMENT AGENCIES THAT ARE WORKING TO PREVENT

DRUG ABUSE

SUB – TOPIC 1: WAY OF PREVENTING DRUG ABUSE.

The following among others are means by which drug abuse can be preventeD..

1. Drug education should be emphasized in our schools and colleges.

2. Parents, guardians and others should re-orient their children on the negative effects of
drug abuse on their health and the society.

3. Government agencies in charge of drug and food NDLEA and NAFDAC must intensity
their anti-drug campaigns in order to have drug-free society.

4. Sensitization and awareness campaigns for the youths on the consequence of drug abuse
should be organized regularly.

5. Sponsorship of media programmes to enlighten the populace about the dangers of drug
abuse.

6 Government should ban sale of hard drugs in the markets, buses and public places.

7. People should avoid the use of drugs without medical prescription in order to ensure
safety of their lives.

8. People should exercise their body to relief stress and to lift their mood

9. Values of the society regarding good conduct should be applied

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10. People should rely on their personal effort rather than using performance enhancing drugs
in competition.

11. Creation of job opportunity

12. Parents should live an exemplary life

EVALUATION

1. List five ways to prevent drug abuse

2. What can people do to keep themselves from drug abuse?

3. Enumerate the effects of drug abuse on the individual and the society.

SUB – TOPIC 2: GOVERNMENT AGENCIES THAT ARE WORKING TO PREVENT

DRUG ABUSE

A. National Drug Law Enforcement Agency

Logo of NDLEA

The National Drug Law Enforcement agency was established by the promulgation of Decree No
48 of 29th December,1989 now Act of Parliament. It was aimed at exterminating illicit drug
trafficking and consumption in the Nigerian Society. In Nigeria, by Decree No. 48 of 1989, the
government of Nigeria enacted a law attracting death penalty for drug traffic offenders.

Function of the NDLEA

1. The co-ordination of all drug laws and enforcement of such laws.

2. Adoption of measures to identify, trace, freeze and confiscate proceeds derived from drug
related offences.

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3. Adoption of measures to eradicate illicit cultivation of narcotic plants and to eliminate

illicit demand for narcotic drugs.

4. Collaborating with governmental bodies both within and outside the country in carrying
out its functions.

5. Taking charge, supervising, controlling and coordinating arrest, investigation,

prosecution of all offences relating with illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic
substances.

6. it investigate people suspected to have dealings with hard drug and enforce law against
cultivation, processing , sales and use of hard drug

7. It educate the public on the effect of hard drug

8. It provide guideline, approve and monitor advertisement of drugs

B. National Agency for Food Drug Administration and control (NAFDAC)

Logo of NAFDAC

The National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) was
established by Decree No. 15 of 1993 as amended by Decree No. 19 of 1999 and now the
National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control Act Cap N1 Laws of the
Federation of Nigeria (LFN) 2004 to regulate and control the manufacture, importation,
exportation, distribution, advertisement, sale and use of Food, Drugs, Cosmetics, Medical
Devices, Packaged Water, Chemicals and Detergents (collectively known as regulated products).
The agency was officially established in October 1992.

NAFDAC was formally inaugurated by Prof. Olukoye Ransome Kuti, the Minister of Health,
under the government of Gen. Ibrahim Babangida.

The NAFDAC’s organization consists of the Director General’s Office and fourteen (14)
directorates with a Director to each directorate overseeing the functions of the agency:

❖ Director General’ Office: Leadership of the agency’s overall functions which include
administration and control of regulated products directly under the Director General, Prof
Moji Christianah Adeyeye. We have four Divisions under the Director General’s Office,

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namely Technical Services, Information and Communication Technology, Procurement

and Internal Audit.
❖ Registration and Regulatory Affairs Directorate: Leads timely and transparent
registration process driven by effective regulations that result in regulated products of
highest quality standards Activities.
❖ Food Safety and Applied Nutrition Directorate: Support food safety programmes by
ensuring food facilities adhere to good manufacturing practice (GMP) that can sustain
quality food product that is safe for human consumption
❖ Drug and Evaluation and Research Directorate: Develop, operate and continually
improve QMS to ensure a robust and effective Inspection operation that will guarantee
safe, effective and good quality medicinal products, cosmetics & allied products.
❖ Chemical Evaluation & Research Directorate: Grant authorization for the import and
export of chemicals and inspect storage facility to ensure safety standard in management
of chemical and hazardous substances.
❖ Narcotics & Controlled Substances Directorate: Grant authorization for the import and
export of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances as well as other controlled
substances
❖ Veterinary Medicines & Allied Products Directorate: Regulate and control Veterinary
Medicines, Veterinary products, Pesticides and Agro-chemicals
❖ Port Inspectorate Directorate: Lead port operation and Control the channels through
which regulated products are imported and exported.
❖ Pharmacovigilance& Post Marketing Surveillance Directorate: Enhance patient care
and patient safety in relation to the use of medicines; and to support public health
programmes by providing reliable, balanced information for the effective assessment of
the risk-benefit profile of medicines.
❖ Laboratory Services Directorate: Conduct appropriate tests and ensure compliance
with standard specifications.
❖ Planning, Research & Statistics Directorate: Responsible for planning, researching,
collecting, collating, storing and retrieving same as well as coordinating the activities and
achievements
❖ Investigation & Enforcement Directorate: To enforce and ensure compliance with all
regulatory requirements
❖ Admin & Human Resources Management Directorate: Responsible for managing
human and material resources to promote efficiency and effective operational
environment
❖ Finance & Accounts Directorate: Responsible for the day- to- day administration of
financial and accounting functions of the Agency in line with the provisions of the
Financial Regulations, Fiscal Responsibility Act, Procurement Act, 2007,
❖ Legal Services Directorate: Render effective Legal Service to the Agency.

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Functions of NAFDAC

1. Regulate and control the importation, exportation, manufacture, advertisement,

distribution, sale and use of drugs, cosmetics, medical devices, bottled water and chemicals.

2. To make approved designed specifications for the effective control of quality of foods
drugs, cosmetics, medical devices, chemicals and bottled water and their raw materials.

3. To pronounce on the safety and quality of food, drugs, cosmetics, medical devices,
bottled water and chemicals other appropriate analysis.

4. Ground authorization for the import export of narcotic drugs and psychotropic
substances.

5. Collaboration with National Drug Law Enforcement Agency in measures to eradicate

drug abuse in Nigeria.

6. Approve and monitor the advertisement of food drugs cosmetics, medical devices, etc

7. Registration of products by NAFDAC saves people from buying fake and dangerous
food, drugs, medical devices, chemicals, water, etc

8. It compiles and publish relevant data on food, drugs etc

EVALUATION

1. List any two government agencies that are working to prevent drug abuse and outline the
f actions of any one of them.

2. Enumerate the function of NAFDAC in Nigeria.

3. Explain the relationship between NAFDAC and NDLEA

LAWS THAT ARE PROMULGATED AGAINST DRUG ABUSE

Laws are rules and regulations which everyone in a society must obey. Drug laws are those laws
which are related to the issue of drugs.
Below are some actions which constitute offences against the National Drug Law Enforcement
Act, and the penalty for such action.
1. Any person who imports, manufactures, produces, possesses, plants or grows hard drugs
will be sentence to life imprisonment
2. Any person who uses hard drugs by smoking, inhaling or injecting them, will be
sentenced to a jail term of not less than 15 years but not more than 25 years.

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3. Any person who allows his premises to be used as a store house for hard drugs will be
sentenced to jail for not more than 25years
4. Any person who conspires with drug traffickers and hard drug users or assists them will
be sentenced to prison for at least 15 years and at most 25 years
5. Any person who tries to impersonate an official of NDLEA will be sentenced to a jail
term of not more than 10 years
6. If a suspected drug trafficker tries to escape from custody, he or she will be sentenced to
a jail term not more than seven years for attempting to escape from custody.
Evaluation
1. B. Mention four (4 laws of Drug laws Enforcement and Administration.
b. State the term of jail for any person that produces hard drugs.
2. As a landlord what will you do to prevent your compound from being used by drug
traffickers?

GENERAL EVALUATION

Essay Test

1. Mention five ways to prevent drug abuse

2. What can people do to keep themselves from drugs abuse?

3. List the effects of drug abuse on the individual and the society at large.

4. Itemize any two government agencies that are working to prevent drug abuse in Nigeria
and the functions of any one of them.

5. List and explain the function of NAFDAC in NigeriB.

6. Explain the relationship between NAFDAC and NDLEA

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

Objective Test:

1. Teenagers need to be ________on the effect of drug abuse. (a) beaten (b) cheated (c)
educated (d) commended

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2. Parents should endeavour to be role _____________ to prevent drug abuse (a) builder (b)
models (c) parents (d) teachers

3. NAFDAC means National Agency for Food______ and control (a) Drug administration
(b) Development administration (c) Drug application (d) Destruction Activities.

4. National Agency for food and drug Administration and Control was set up by Decree No.
(a) 35 of 1991 (b) 15 of 1993 (c) 22 of 1960 (d) 15 of 1999

5. The minister of health who inaugurated the formal opening of NAFDAC is (a) Prof. Beko
Ransom Kuti (b) Prof. Okonjo Iweala (c) Prof. Olukoye Ramson Kuti (d) Prof.
Menachaia

6. Any person who imports, manufactures, produces, possesses, plants or grows hard drugs
will be sentence to _________ imprisonment (a) 15 years (b) 25 years (c) Life (d) 10
years
7. The body in charge of narcotic drug is known as _______ (a) NAFDAC (b)EFCC
(c) NDLEA (d) ICPC
8. The decree establishing NAFDAC is _____ (a) Decree 15 of 1993 (b) Decree 18 of 1993
(c) Decree 15 of 1983 (d) Decree 15 of 1994
9. The laws which are related to the issue of drugs is called______ (a) Fundamental (b)
Human Law(c) Drug Law(d) Narcotic Law
10. Any person who allows his premises to be used as a store house for hard drugs will be
sentenced to jail for not more than ___________ (a) 12 years (b) 15 years (c) 25 years (d)
none of the above.

ESSAY TEST

1. Discuss five activities of drug law enforcement agencies.

2. Explain the way people indulge themselves in drug abuse?

3. Describe some activities of drug law enforcement agencies.

4. Enumerate five functions of NAFDAC and their weaknesses.

5, List five functions of NDLEA

6. Mention 4 Drug laws, enforcement and administration.

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7. State the term of jail for any person that produces hard drugs

READING ASSIGNMENT
Read Longman Civic Education for Senior Secondary Schools 2 by R.W. Okunloye el at, pages
40 – 42.
PRE –CLASS READING ASSIGNMENT
Read about responsible parenthood
WEEKEND ACTIVITY
State the roles of responsible parent.
REFERENCE TEXTS
1. Longman Civic Education for Senior Secondary Schools 2 by R.W. Okunloye el at, pages
40 – 42.
2. Civic Education for Senior Secondary Schools (An interactive Approach) Folashade O.O. el
at, pages 104 – 106.

WEEK 9 DATE……………………….

SUBJECT: CIVIC EDUCATION

CLASS: S.S.2
TOPIC: RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD
CONTENT: 1. Meaning of Responsible Parenthood
2. Roles of responsible parents
3. Importance of responsible parenthood

SUB-TOPIC 1: MEANING OF RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD

The word parenthood is derived from the primary word parent. A parent is a caretaker of a
chilD.. The act of raising up offspring is called parenting.

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Responsible parenthood is the act or process of effective discharge of duty and obligation of
upbringing/rearing of children/wards by parents/guardians.
This is the activity of raising a child from infancy to adulthooD.. In this case, the total
development of the child is undertaken by the parent.
EVALUATION
What is the meaning of parenthood?

SUB-TOPIC 2: ROLES OF RESPONSIBLE PARENTS

Responsible parenthood has the following duties to perform:
1. Provision of nutrition or balanced diet
2. Provision of clothing
3. Provision of good home for the child to grow
4. Showing of love and affection
5. Guidance to obey the law of the land and to shun drug abuse
6. Monitoring the child towards national views
7. Provision of health care for the child
8. Safe environment for the child to develop
9. Provision of atmosphere of peace and justice
10. Teaching the child to love
11. Teaching the child the values of the society
12. Provision of environment for moral and spiritual development
13. Giving encouragement for the child
14. Guidance to shun drug abuse
15. Training the child to appreciate dignity of labour, hard work and diligence.
IMPORTANCE OF RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD
1. Responsible citizenry
When parent trains their children and bring them up with sound moral values, such a
child will grow to be a good citizen of the country. Children properly taught are cultured
and always stand up to their Economic, social, civic and political obligations as good
citizens of the country.

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2. Reduction in crime rates: Most of the social vices in the society is a result of bad
parenting, responsible parenting will reduce crime in the society as the children would
have been taught the evil in committing crimes.
3. Healthy Nation
Responsible parenting is important if we want a nation that is politically, socially, and
economically healthy. Children from good homes have sound education and eventually
grow old to contribute economically to the nation by being productive.
4. Preservation of cultural values: A child is able to learn the culture and values of his / her
parents from the family. Once they learn these cultural values and integrity, they can pass
it on to many generations to come.
5. Progress and development of the society: responsible parents are likely to train children
to become intellectually and morally sound and could contribute meaningfully to the
progress and development of the society
6. Political stability: responsible parents are likely to groom children that would serve as
future leaders. When an individual is developed socially from early life, he or she could
interact freely with people outside the home.
7. Production of a self-reliant nation: parents know their children’s strengths and
weakness. Thus, they encourage the children who are not academically sound to take to
vocational skills such as mechanic, carpentry, etc.
8. Love of fellow human beings and abhorrence of violence and social vices
9. Hard work and diligence
10. Respect for constituted authority.

EVALUATION
1. Highlight eight (8) importance of responsible parenthood
2. State seven (7) benefits of responsible parenthood
3. Mention 8 duties of responsible parenthood

GENERAL EVALUATION
1. Enumerate eight (8) importance of responsible parenthood
2. State seven (7) benefits of responsible parenthood
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4. List six (6) ways by which responsible parenthood can improve the economy of the
country
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. A person who takes care and bring up a child is called (a) father (b) mother (c) Uncle(d)
parent
2. The offspring of a married couple is called (a) A boy (b) a girl (c) a child (d) a father
3. The act of parenting is called (a) Good parenting (b) bad parenting (c) parenthood (d)
None of the above
4. The following except ______ are the roles of a good parent (a) they provide for their
household (b) they care for their children (c) they give their child home training (d) they
beat their children
1. Responsible parenthood encourages parents to have (a) three children (b) ten children (c)
a particular number of children they can cater for (d) two children
2. Those mainly concern with parenthood are (a) priests(b) schools (d) siblings (d) mother
and father
3. Children from responsible homes enjoy (a) all round education (b) sports education (c)
half education (d) nomadic education only
4. Increase in crime rate in the society is as a result of (a) responsible parenthood (b)
irresponsible parenthood (c) caring parent (d) good parents
5. Responsible parenthood helps to _____ crime in a nation(a) increase (b) reduce (c) boost
(d) enjoy

ESSAY

1. Explain the meaning of the term “ responsible parenthood”

2. State seven (7) importance of responsible parenthood
3. What is the meaning of parenthood?
4. Highlight eight (8) duties of responsible parenthood
READING ASSIGNMENT
Read Mind Exploits Civic Education for Senior Secondary Schools 2 by B.S. Amao, pages 108 –
111.
PRE –CLASS READING ASSIGNMENT
Read about the importance of responsible parenthood
WEEKEND ACTIVITY

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Read traffic regulations

REFERENCE TEXTS
1. Read Mind Exploits Civic Education for Senior Secondary Schools 2 by B.S. Amao, Mind
Exploits publishers, pages 108 – 111.
2. Civic Education for Senior Secondary Schools (An interactive Approach) Folashade O.O. el
at, pages 104 – 106.

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