Chief State Sanitary

Inspector
of the Russian Federation,
First Deputy
to the Minister of Health
of the Russian Federation
G.G.ONISCHENKO
30 January 2003

Date effective: 1 May 2003.

2.2.4. PHYSICAL FACTORS OF THE PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS IN PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT

Sanitary and epidemiologic rules and standards

SanPiN 2.2.4.1191-03

1. General provisions

1.1. The present sanitary and epidemiologic rules and standards

(hereinafter – Sanitary rules) have been developed in accordance with the
Federal law “On sanitary and epidemiologic wellbeing of the population”
dated 30 March 1999, # 52-FZ (Collection of federal laws of the Russian
Federation, 1999, # 14, Art.1650) and “Statement on the state sanitary and
epidemiological norms setting”, approved by the Decree of the Russian
Federation government #554 dated 24 July 2000.
1.2. The present Sanitary rules are valid in all the territory of the
Russian Federation and set sanitary and epidemiological requirements
regarding the working conditions of the personnel subjected, due to
occupation specifics, to the influence of electromagnetic fields of various
ranges.
1.3. The present Sanitary rules establish the maximum allowable levels
of electromagnetic fields, as well as the requirements regarding the checks
of electromagnetic levels at work places and requirements regarding methods
and means of personnel protection.

SanPiN 2.2.4.1191-03

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 2. Area of application

2.1. The Sanitary rules establish the sanitary and epidemiologic

requirements to the conditions of production impacts of electromagnetic
fields, which conditions shall be observed during designing,
reconstruction, construction of production facility and also during
designing, manufacturing, operation of domestic and imported technical
facilities, which are the sources of electromagnetic fields.
2.2. The requirements of the present Sanitary rules aim to ensure
protection of the personnel professionally involved in operation and
maintenance of electromagnetic field sources.
2.3. Protection of the personnel professionally not involved in
operation and maintenance of electromagnetic field sources is provided in
accordance with the requirements of electromagnetic hygiene standards,
established for the population.
2.4. The requirements of the present Sanitary rules are applicable to
personnel subjected to the influence of a weakened geomagnetic field, an
electrostatic field, a magnetostatic field, an electromagnetic field of
industrial frequency (50 Hz), electromagnetic fields of radio frequencies
range (10 kHz – 300 GHz).
2.5. The present Sanitary rules have been designed for institutions
involved in designing and operating electromagnetic sources, development,
fabricating, purchasing and selling these sources, and for institutions of
the sanitary and epidemiologic service of the Russian Federation.
2.6. The responsibility for compliance with the requirements of the
present Sanitary rules rests with the management of institutions involved
in development, designing, fabrication, purchasing, selling and operation
of electromagnetic sources.
2.7. Federal and departmental standardizing and technical documents
should not contradict these Sanitary rules.
2.8. It is prohibited to manufacture, sell, use, purchase and import
into the RF territory of any electromagnetic sources without their sanitary
and epidemiological assessment in terms of health safety, which assessment
shall be performed for representative devices of every type, followed with
an issue of a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion, according to the
established procedure.
2.9. Monitoring of the present Sanitary rules compliance in institutions
shall be executed by Gossanepidnadzor agencies, and by legal entities and
individual entrepreneurs as part of production monitoring.
2.10. Management of institutions, irrespective of their ownership and
subordination type, shall bring the personnel workplaces in compliance with
the requirements of the present Sanitary rules.

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 3. Hygienic norms
These Sanitary rules establish at the workplaces:
- temporary allowable levels of geomagnetic field weakening,
- maximum allowable levels of electrostatic fields,
- maximum allowable levels of magnetic fields,
- maximum allowable levels of electric and magnetic fields of industrial
frequency (50 Hz),
- maximum allowable levels of electromagnetic fields of the range >= 10
kHz – 30 kHz,
- maximum allowable levels of electromagnetic fields of the range >= 30
kHz - 300 GHz.
3.1. Temporary allowed levels of geomagnetic field weakening
3.1.1. Assessment and rationing of the geomagnetic field weakening at
the workplace is based on measurement of the geomagnetic field amplitude
inside the room, the facility, the technical device (hereafter – indoors),
and outdoors in the territory adjacent to the facility, followed by a
calculation of the geomagnetic field weakening coefficient.
3.1.2. Geomagnetic field amplitude is measured in the units of the
magnetic field intensity (Н) in A/m or in magnetic induction units (В) in
Tl (mcTl, nTl), which are interrelated by the following ratio:
Н = В/mu0, where
mu0 = 4 pi1Е(-7) Gn/m – magnetic constant,
and 1 А/m ~ 1,25 mcTl, 1 mcTl ~ 0,8 А/m.

К гмп
3.1.3. The geomagnetic field amplitude weakening coefficient ( о )
equates to the ratio between the geomagnetic field amplitude in the open
space (Во or Но) to the geomagnetic field amplitude indoors (Вв or Нв):
К огмп
=|Во| / |Вв|, where
|Во|- is the modulus of the magnetic induction vector in an open
space;
|Вв|- is the modulus of the magnetic induction vector at the workplace
indoors;
К огмп
= |Но| / |Нв|, where
|Но| - is the modulus of the magnetic field intensity vector in an
open space;
|Нв| - is the modulus of the magnetic field intensity vector at the
workplace indoors.
3.1.4. The temporary allowable coefficient of geomagnetic field
гмп
К о
weakening ( at workplaces indoors (facilities, technical devices)
during the work shift shall not exceed 2,
К огмп
Temporary allowed level ≤2
3.1.5. Temporary allowed levels are established for 3 years.
3.2. Maximum allowed levels of electrostatic field
3.2.1. Assessment and rationing of electrostatic field is based on the
electric field level and is performed on a case-by-case basis depending on
how long an employee is exposed to the field during the work shift.
3.2.2. The electrostatic field level is measured in electric field
intensity units (E), kV/m.

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 3.2.3. The maximum allowed level of the electrostatic field intensity
(Еmal) with the exposure duration <= 1 hour per shift is 60 kV/m.
If the exposure to the electrostatic field exceeds 1 hour per shift,
electrostatic field intensity (Еmal) is calculated by equation:
60
Еmal = t , where
t – exposure duration (hours).
3.2.4. Within the intensity range of 20- 60 kV/m the allowed duration of
the personnel exposure to electrostatic field without protection devices
(tallow.) is calculated by equation:
2
 60 
 
Е 
tallow. =,  факт.  , where
Еactual – is the measured value of the electrostatic field intensity
(kV/m).
3.2.5. If the electrostatic field intensity exceeds 60 kV/m, no work
without protective devices is permitted.
3.2.6. If the electrostatic field intensity is below 20 kV/m, the
duration of exposure to the field is unlimited.
3.3. Maximum allowable levels of a magnetostatic field.

3.3.1. Assessment and rationing of magnetostatic fields is based on the

magnetic field level, on case-by-case basis depending on the exposure
duration per shift, for the general impact condition (the whole body) and
for the local impact condition (hands, forearm).
3.3.2. Magnetostatic field level is measured in units of the magnetic
field intensity (Н) in А/m or in magnetic induction units (В) in mTl.

3.3.3. Maximum allowed levels of intensity (induction) of a

magnetostatic field at the workplace are shown in Table 1

Table 1
Maximum allowed levels of a magnetostatic field
Exposure duration Exposure conditions
during the work General Local
day Maximum allowable Maximum allowable Maximum allowable Maximum allowable
level of level of magnetic level of level of magnetic
intensity, kА/m induction, mTl intensity, kА/m induction, mTl
0-10 24 30 40 50
11-60 16 20 24 30
61-480 8 10 12 15
3.3.4. If there is a necessity for the personnel to stay in areas with
different intensity (induction) values of the magnetostatic field, the
total period of works performed in those areas shall not exceed the period
allowed for the area with maximum intensity.
3.4. Maximum allowable levels of electromagnetic field of 50 Hz
frequency
3.4.1. Assessment of the electromagnetic field of industrial frequency
(50 Hz) is performed separately and is based on the intensity of the
electric field (E) measured in kV/m, on the intensity of the magnetic field
(H) measured in A/m or magnetic field induction (B) measured in mcTl.
Rationing of electromagnetic fields with 50 Hz frequency at workplaces of
the personnel shall be performed on a case-by-case basis depending on the
duration of exposure to the electromagnetic field.
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 3.4.2. The maximum allowable levels of intensity of the electric field
with 50 Hz frequency.
3.4.2.1. Maximum allowable at a workplace during the whole work shift is
established to be 5 kV/m.
3.4.2.2. If the level of intensity of the electric field is between 5
and 20 kV/m, inclusive, the allowable duration of exposure to the electric
field (hours) is calculated by equation:
50
Т = ( Е ) - 2, where
Е – electric field intensity in the monitored area, kV/m;
Т – allowable period of exposure to the electric field with the given
intensity level, hours.
3.4.2.3. If the field intensity is between 20 and 25 kV/m, the allowed
exposure period is limited to 10 minutes.
3.4.2.4. Exposure to electric fields with intensity over 25 kV/m is
prohibited if no protection devices are available.
3.4.2.5. The permitted period of exposure to the electric field may be
used at once or by portions during the working day. During the rest of the
working shift the personnel should stay away from the electric field or use
protection devices.
3.4.2.6. The duration of the personnel stay during the working day in
areas with different electric field intensity (Texp) shall be calculated by
equation:
t Е1 t T 2 t Еn
 
Тexp = 8·(
T Е 1 TT 2 TЕn ), where
Тexp – is the time period equivalent to exposure to an electric field of
the lowest rating, in terms of the biological effect;
tE1, tЕ2, ...tEn – is the period of exposure to the field in monitored
areas with the intensity Е1, Е2, ... Еn, hours;
ТЕ1, ТЕ2, ...ТЕn- is the allowed exposure period for respective monitored
areas.
The time period shall not exceed 8 hours.
3.4.2.7. The number of the areas monitored shall be determined by the
difference of the electric field intensity levels at the work place. The
difference between electric field intensity levels in monitored areas is
set to be 1 kV/m.
3.4.2.8. The requirements are valid on condition that the works to be
performed do not presuppose climbing at a height, there is no possibility
of electric discharge to be received by the personnel, and on condition
that all objects, structured, equipment parts, machines and mechanisms not
touching the ground but that can be touched by persons working in the
electric field influence area, are earthed.
3.4.3. Maximum allowable levels of intensity of a periodic magnetic
field with the frequency of 50 Hz.
3.4.3.1. Maximum allowable levels of intensity of periodic (sinusoidal)
magnetic fields are set for two basic conditions: general impact (all of
the body) and local impact (limbs) – See Table 2.
Table 2
Maximum allowable levels of intensity of a periodic magnetic field
with the frequency of 50 Hz
Exposure duration, hours Allowable levels of magnetic field intensity, Н [А/m] / В
[mcTl] for the basic exposure conditions
General Local
≤1 1600/2000 6400/8000

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Exposure duration, hours Allowable levels of magnetic field intensity, Н [А/m] / В
[mcTl] for the basic exposure conditions
General Local
2 800/1000 3200/4000
4 400/500 1600/2000
8 80/100 800/1000
3.4.3.2. Allowable intensity of the magnetic field within the time
period is determined in accordance with the interpolation curve, shown in
the Attachment.
3.4.3.3. If there is a necessity for the personnel to stay in areas with
different intensity (induction) values of the magnetic field, the total
period of works performed in those areas shall not exceed the period
allowed for the area with maximum intensity.
3.4.3.4. The permitted period of exposure to the electric field may be
used at once or by portions during the working day.
3.4.4. The maximum allowable levels of intensity of a pulsed magnetic
field with a frequency of 50 Hz.
3.4.4.1. If there is a necessity for the personnel to be exposed to an
pulsed magnetic field with the frequency of 50 Hz (Table 3), the maximum
allowable levels of the magnetic field intensity amplitude value (Нmal) may
be different depending on the total duration of exposure per work shift (T)
and on the characteristics of the generation pulse modes:
Mode I - pulse with tauI >= 0,02 sec., tp <= 2 sec.,
Mode II - pulse with 60 sec. >= tauI >= 1 sec., tP > 2 sec.,
Mode III - pulse 0,02 sec. <= tauI < 1 sec., tP > 2 sec.,
where tauI – is the pulse duration, sec.,
tP – is the duration of the pause between the pulses, sec.

Table 3

Maximum allowable levels of exposure to pulsed magnetic fields with the

frequency of 50 Hz, depending on the generation mode
Нmal , А/m
Т, hour
Mode I Mode II Mode III
≤ 1.0 6000 8000 10000
≤ 1.5 5000 7500 9500
≤ 2.0 4900 6900 8900
≤ 2.5 4500 6500 8500
≤ 3.0 4000 6000 8000
≤ 3.5 3600 5600 7600
≤ 4.0 3200 5200 7200
≤ 4.5 2900 4900 6900
≤ 5.0 2500 4500 6500
≤ 5.5 2300 4300 6300
≤ 6.0 2000 4000 6000
≤ 6.5 1800 3800 5800
≤ 7.0 1600 3600 5600
≤ 7.5 1500 3500 5500
≤ 8.0 1400 3400 5400
3.5. Maximum allowable levels of electromagnetic fields with the
frequency ≥ 10 - 30 kHz
3.5.1. Assessment and rationing of electromagnetic fields is performed
separately based on the intensity of the electric field (E), measured in
V/m and the intensity of the magnetic field (H), measured in A/m, depending
on the exposure duration.

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 3.5.2. The maximum allowable level of intensity of electrical and
magnetic fields, if the personnel is exposed to them during the entire work
shift, is 500 V/m and 50 A/m, respectively. The maximum allowable level
of intensity of electrical and magnetic fields, if the exposure period does
not exceed 2 hours per work shift, is 1000 V/m and 100 A/m, respectively.
3.6. Maximum allowable levels of electromagnetic fields with the
frequency ≥ 30 kHz - 300 GHz.
3.6.1. Assessment and rationing of electromagnetic fields of the
frequency range ≥ 30 kHz - 300 GHz is performed according to the radiant
exposure (RE) value.
3.6.2. Radiant exposure in the frequency range of ≥ 30 kHz - 300 MHz is
calculated by equations:
2 2 2 2
REе = Е •Т, (V/m) . hour, REн = Н •Т, (А/m) . hour, where
Е – is the electric field intensity (V/m),
Н- is the magnetic field intensity (А/m), the energy flux density
( W/m2, mcW/cm2),
Т – exposure duration per shift (hour).
3.6.3. Radiant exposure in the frequency range of ≥ 300 MHz - 300 GHz is
calculated by equation:
REefd = EFD•Т, (W/m2).hour, (mcW/cm2).hour, where
EFD – is the energy flux density (W/m2, mcW/cm2).
3.6.4. Maximum allowable levels of radial exposures (RE mal) at work
places per shift are shown in Table 4.
Table 4
Maximum allowable levels of radial exposures of electromagnetic field with
the frequency range of ≥ 30 kHz - 300 GHz
Parameter REmal in frequency ranges (MHz)
0.03 – 3.0 3.0 – 30.0 30.0 – 50.0 50.0 – 300.0 300.0 – 300000.0
REе, (V/m)2.h 20000 7000 800 800 -
REн, (А/m)2.h 200 - 0.72 - -
REefd, (mcW/cm2).h - - - - 200

3.6.5. The maximum allowable levels of intensity of electric and

magnetic fields, energy flux density of the electromagnetic field shall not
exceed the values shown in Table 5.
Table 5
Maximum allowable levels of intensity and energy flux density of
electromagnetic fields with the frequency range of ≥ 30 kHz - 300 GHz
Parameter Maximum allowable levels in frequency ranges (MHz)
0.03 – 3.0 3.0 – 30.0 30.0 – 50.0 50.0 – 300.0 300.0 – 300000.0
Е, V/m 500 300 80 80 -
Н, А/m 50 - 3,0 - -
1000
EFD, mcW/cm2 - - - -
5000 <*>
<*> For the condition of local exposure (hands).
3.6.6. For the cases of radiation by devices with moving radiation
diagram (rotating and scanning antennas with the rotation or scanning
frequency not exceeding 1 Hz and intermittency factor at least 20)

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 In case of local hands exposure to radiation when working with
microstrip devices the maximum allowable level of the energy flux
density for the respective exposure time (EFDmal) is calculated by
ЭЭ ПДУ
equation: EFDmal = К • Т , where
К- is the coefficient of biological impact activity weakening;
К= 10- for cases of exposure to radiation emitted by rotating and
scanning antennas;
К= 12,5- for cases of local hands exposure to radiation (in this case
the exposure of other parts of the body shall not exceed 10 mcW/cm2).

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 4. Requirements regarding the monitoring of electromagnetic fields at work
places
4.1. General requirements regarding the monitoring
4.1.1. Compliance with the present SanPiN requirements at work places
shall be monitored:
- during designing, commissioning, modification of electromagnetic
sources and process equipment containing such sources;
- when setting up new work places;
- when performing qualification tests of the work places;
- in the routine manner, while performing supervision over the active
electromagnetic sources.
4.1.2. Monitoring of electromagnetic field levels may be performed by
calculation methods and/or by actual measurements at work places.
4.1.3. Calculation methods are used mostly when designing new facilities
or restructuring the existing facilities acting as electromagnetic field
sources.
4.1.5. For operating facilities, electromagnetic fields monitoring is
performed by actual measurements mostly, which allow to assess, accurately
enough, the intensity of electric fields, magnetic fields or energy flux
density. To assess electromagnetic fields levels, directional reception
(single-coordinate) instruments are used, as well as instruments equipped
with isotropic (three-coordinate) detectors.
4.1.6. The measurements are performed when the source is operating with
the maximum output.
4.1.7. Measurement of electromagnetic field level at work places shall
be performed after the working person leaves the area to be tested.
4.1.8. Instrument measurement shall be performed using instruments which
passed the state qualification test and have a valid verification
certificate. The main error range shall comply with the requirements
imposed by these Sanitary rules. Hygienic assessment of the measurement
results shall be performed with the account of the error immanent to the
metrological monitoring device used.
4.1.9. It is prohibited to carry out measurements in rainy or snowy
weather, and if the air temperature and humidity are beyond the instrument
operable range.
4.1.10. The measurement results shall be recorded in a protocol and (or)
the zoning map of electrical, magnetic or electromagnetic fields showing
the levels of intensity, overlaid with the equipment arrangement layout or
with the plot plan of the room where the measurement was performed.
4.1.11. The monitoring in question shall be performed every 1-3 years.
4.2. Requirements regarding the monitoring of the geomagnetic field
weakening degree
4.2.1. Monitoring of compliance with requirements of para. 3.1. of the
present SanPiN shall be performed at work places located in:
- screened rooms (facilities) of special purpose;
- in rooms (facilities) of civil and military purpose, located
underground (including subway, mines, etc.);
- in rooms (facilities) the structure of which contain a large amount of
metal (iron-containing) elements;
- in onland, water, underwater and air means of transportation of civil
and military purpose.

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 4.2.2. Hygienic assessment of geomagnetic field change in the room is
performed on the basis of a calculation of the geomagnetic field weakening
гмп
coefficient (К о ) for every work place, juxtaposing it with the hygienic
standard (temporary allowable level).
гмп
4.2.3. Calculation of Ко is performed based on the results of
geomagnetic field amplitude inside the room and in the open-air space,
adjacent to the room. The guiding value for the coefficient calculation
will the lowest of all the geomagnetic field amplitude values registered at
the work place.
4.2.4. Geomagnetic field amplitude indoors shall be measured at each
work space at three elevations from the floor, taking into account the
working posture: 0.5 m, 1.0 m and 1.4 m – if the person is sitting; 0.5
m, 1.0 m and 1.7 м – if the person is standing.
4.2.5. Measurements of the geomagnetic field intensity in the open space
in the territory where the facility monitored is located, shall be
performed at elevations of 1.5 – 1.7 m from grade.
4.2.6. Prior to measuring the geomagnetic field in rooms, all technical
devices capable of generating magnetostatic fields, shall be switched off.
4.2.7. Measurements shall be performed at least 0.5 m away from iron-
containing objects, structures, equipment.
4.2.8. For the measurements, non-directional and directional reception
instruments shall be used, designed to determine the induction value or
magnetostatic field intensity value, with permitted relative error not
exceeding +/- 10%.
4.2.9. When using a directional reception instrument, in each point
three mutually perpendicular components of the induction vector (Вх, Ву,
Вz) or the intensity vector (Нх, Ну, Нz) of the magnetostatic field are
distributed.
4.2.10. Measured values are used for calculation of the magnetic
induction vector modulus value ||В| or the magnetic field intensity vector
modulus |Н|.
The calculations are based on the following equations:

|В|=
Bx 2  ( By ) 2  ( Bz ) 2 or

|Н|.=
Hx 2  ( Hy) 2  ( Hz ) 2
4.3. Requirements regarding the monitoring of electrostatic field levels
4.3.1. Monitoring of compliance with requirements of para. 3.2. of the
present SanPiN shall be performed at work places of the following
personnel:
- personnel servicing equipment for electrostatic separation of ore and
materials, electric gas purification equipment, painting equipment and
polymer-applying equipment using electrostatic painting technology, etc.;
- personnel involved in manufacturing, processing and transportation of
dielectric materials in textile, wood-processing, paper pulp, chemical
and other industries;
- personnel operating high voltage DC power systems.
4.3.2. Monitoring of electrostatic field intensity at work places shall
be performed by means of component-by-component measurement of the full
intensity vector in the space or by measurement of this vector modulus.

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 4.3.3. Monitoring of electrostatic field intensity shall be performed at
permanent work places of the personnel or, if there is no permanent work
place,
in several points of the working area, located at different distances
from the source. The personnel shall no be present in the area during
measurement.
4.3.4. The measurements shall be performed at the elevations of 0.5; 1.0
and 1.7 m (the worker is normally standing) and 0.5; 0.8 and 1.4 m (the
person is normally sitting), counting from the support surface. The
guiding value for the hygienic assessment of the electrostatic field
intensity at the work place will the largest of all the values registered.
4.3.5. Electrostatic field intensity is measured using instruments that
allow to determine the E value in the open space with the permitted
relative error not exceeding +10% (see Attachment 3).
4.4. Requirements regarding the monitoring of magnetostatic field levels
4.4.1. Monitoring of compliance with requirements of para. 3.3. of the
present SanPiN shall be performed at work places of the personnel servicing
DC power transmission lines, electrolythical tubs, involved in
manufacturing and operation of permanent magnets, electric magnets,
magnetohydrodynamic generators, nuclear magnetic resonance units, magnetic
separators, and if magnetic materials are used in instruments building,
physical therapy, etc.
4.4.2. Calculation of magnetostatic field levels is performed using
modern calculation methods taking into account the technical
characteristics of the magnetostatic field source (current, current-
conducting circuits characteristics, etc.).
4.4.3. Monitoring of magnetostatic field levels shall be performed by
measuring B and H values at permanent work places of the personnel or, if
there is no permanent work place, in several points of the working area,
located at different distance from the magnetostatic field source, in all
the modes if the source operation or in the maximum operation mode only.
The guiding value for the hygienic assessment of the magnetostatic field
intensity at the work place will the largest of all the values registered.
4.4.4. Monitoring of magnetostatic field levels at work places shall not
be performed if B value on the surface of magnetic items is below the
Maximum Allowed Level, if the maximum current value in the single wire does
not exceed Imax = 2 Pi r х Н, where r – is the distance to the work
place, Н = Нmal, with the maximum current value in the round wind not
exceeding Imax = 2R х Н, where R – is the wind radius; if the maximum
current value in the solenoid does not exceed Imax = 2Нn, where n – is the
number of winds per the length unit.
4.4.5. The measurements shall be performed at the elevations of 0.5; 1.0
and 1.7 m (the worker is normally standing) and 0.5;0.8 and 1.4 m (the
person is normally sitting), counting from the support surface.
4.4.6. For the local exposure case, monitoring of the magnetostatic
field levels shall be performed at elevations of finger tips, forearm
middle part, shoulder middle part. The guiding value shall be the largest
intensity value measured.
4.4.7. In case of a direct contact with the person’s hands, the
measurement of the magnetostatic field magnetic induction is performed by
contacting the instrument detector with the magnet surface directly.

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 4.5. Requirements regarding the monitoring of electromagnetic fields
with the frequency of 50 Hz
4.5.1. Monitoring of compliance with requirements of para. 3.4. of the
present SanPiN shall be performed at work places of the personnel servicing
AC power units (power transmission lines, switchboards, etc.), electric
welding equipment, high voltage electrical equipment of industrial,
scientific and medical purpose, etc.
4.5.2. Monitoring of electromagnetic fields levels with the frequency of
50 Hz is performed separately for the electric field and the magnetic
field.
4.5.3. In electrical facilities with single-phase sources of
electromagnetic field the operating (actual) values of the electric field

and the magnetic field are monitored: Е = Еm 2 and Н = Нm 2 , where Еm и

Нm – are the amplitude values of the electric field and the magnetic field
intensity change in the course of time.
4.5.4. In electrical facilities with two-phase and multi-phase sources
of electromagnetic fields the operating (actual) values Emax and Hmax
intensities are monitored, where Emax and Hmax are the actual values of
intensities at the greater semi-axis of an ellipse or an ellipsoid.
4.5.5. At the designing stage it is allowed to determine the electric
field level and the magnetic field level using the calculation method,
taking into account technical characteristics of the electromagnetic field
source; the methods used shall ensure results accuracy with an error not
exceeding 10%. Determining may also be made by the results of measurement
of electromagnetic fields generated by similar equipment.
4.5.6. For overhead power transmission lines, when making the
calculations taking into account the technical characteristics of overhead
power lines being designed (rated voltage, current, capacity, throughput
capacity, suspension height and wire size, supports type, span length over
the OH power line route, etc.), generic (averaged) vertical and horizontal
profiles of intensity E and H along the OH power line route are developed.
To do this task a number of improved software products is used, that take
into account individual OH power line route sections, the terrain and some
characteristics of the soil, which allows to enhance the accuracy of the
calculation.
4.5.7. When monitoring 50 Hz electromagnetic field levels at work
places, it is necessary to observe safety distances between the operator
carrying out the measurement, the instrument he uses and the energized
parts of the current-carrying facility. The distances in question are
specified in the rules for electric facilities safe operation.
4.5.8. Levels of electric field and magnetic field with the frequency of
50 Hz shall be measured in all the areas where the personnel is to stay
during operation and repairs of the electric facilities.
4.5.9. Levels of electric field and magnetic field with the frequency of
50 Hz shall be measured at the height of 0.5; 1.5 and 1.8 m from grade,
floor of the room or equipment maintenance platform, and at a 0.5 m
distance from equipment, structured, walls of buildings and facilities.
4.5.10. At work places located at grade and outside the area protected
by screening devices, in accordance with the state standard for screening
devices providing protection against electrical fields of industrial
frequency, it is allowed to measure intensity of fields with the frequency
of 50 Hz only at 1.8 m height.

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 4.5.11. If a new work place is located above the source of a magnetic
field, the intensity (induction) of a 50 Hz magnetic field shall be
measured at grade, at floor elevation, and at the cable channel or tray
elevation.
4.5.12. Measurements and calculation of a 50 Hz electric field shall be
performed at the greatest operating voltage of the power facility, or the
values measured shall be calculated for this voltage by multiplying the
U max
measured value by the ratio U , where Umax – is the maximum operating
voltage of the power facility, and U – is the power facility voltage during
the measurement.
4.5.13. Measurement of 50 Hz electric field levels shall be performed
using instruments not distorting the electric field, in strict conformity
with the instrument operating manual, observing the necessary distances
between the sensor and the grade, the operator body and objects of some
fixed potential.
4.5.14. It is recommended to measure 50 Hz electric fields with non-
directional reception instruments with a three-coordinate capacitive
sensor, which automatically determines the maximum modulus of the electric
field intensity, irrespective of its position in space. It is allowed to
use directional reception type instruments with a sensor in the form of a
dipole, which require to position the sensor in such a way, so as to align
the dipole axis direction with the maximum intensity vector; the relative
error permitted shall not exceed + 20%.
4.5.15. Measurement and calculation of a 50 Hz magnetic field

intensity (induction) shall be performed at the maximum operating current

of the facility, or the values measured shall be recalculated for the

maximum operating current (Imax) by multiplying the values measured by the

ratio

I max
I , where
I – is the power facility current during measurement.
4.5.16. Intensity (induction) of the magnetic field is measured, however
provisions shall be made to prevent distortion of the field by iron-
containing objects located nearby.
4.5.17. It is recommended to make the measurements with instruments
equipped with a three-coordinate inductive sensor, which automatically
determines the intensity modulus of the magnetic field intensity,
irrespective of its position in space, with a permissible relative error of
+ 10%.
4.5.18. When using instruments of directional reception type (equipped
with a Hall transducer, etc.) it is necessary to look for the maximum value
by changing the sensor orientation in each point in different planes.
4.6. Requirements regarding the monitoring of electromagnetic fields
with radio frequency range of ≥ 10 kHz - 300 GHz
4.6.1. Monitoring of compliance with requirements of para. 3.5. and 3.6.
of the present SanPiN shall be performed at work places of the personnel
servicing production units, generating, transmitting and radiating
equipment of radio and television centers, radio-locating stations,
physical therapy devices, etc.

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 4.6.2. Monitoring of electromagnetic fields levels pertaining to radio
frequency range (≥ 10 kHz - 300 GHz) when using calculation methods
(mostly at the stage of designing broadcasting radio-engineering
facilities) shall be performed taking into consideration technical
parameters of radio-broadcasting devices, such as the transmitter capacity,
radiation mode, antenna amplification factor, energy loss in the antenna-
feeder circuit, values of the rated directioning diagram in vertical and
horizontal planes (except for antennas operating at low frequency, medium
frequency and high frequency range), the antenna angular coverage sector,
it height over the grade, etc.
4.6.3. The calculation is performed in accordance with methodic
instructions duly approved.
4.6.4. Measurement of electromagnetic field levels shall be performed for
all operating modes of the units with the maximum output. In case the
measurements are performed not at the maximum output, the results need to
be recalculated for the maximum value by multiplying the measurement value
by the ratio
Wmax
W , where
Wmax – is the maximum output value, W – is the output during the
measurement.
4.6.5. Monitoring is not required for electromagnetic field sources used
in production conditions, if they are not supplying an open waveguide,
antenna or some other element designed for emitting signals to the space,
and if the maximum output of these sources does not exceed, according to
the passport, the following values:
5.0 W – in the frequency range of ≥ 30 kHz - 3 MHz;
2.0 W - in the frequency range of ≥ 3 MHz - 30 MHz;
0.2 W - in the frequency range of ≥ 30 MHz - 300 GHz.
4.6.6. The measurements are performed at a heath of 0.5; 1.0 and 1.7 m
(if the person works standing) and 0.5; 0.8 and 1.4 м (if the person works
sitting) from the support surface, determining the maximum E and H value of
EFD value for every work place.
4.6.7. In case of local exposure to electromagnetic field, the intensity
monitoring shall be performed at hands and mid-forearm level, as well.
4.6.8. Intensity monitoring of the electromagnetic field created by
rotating or scanning antennas is performed at work places and at places of
the personnel temporary stay, at all operating values of antennas incline
angles.
4.6.9. In frequency ranges of ≥ 30 kHz - 3 MHz and ≥ 30 - 50 MHz Radiant
Exposures are taken into account, created both by electrical fields (REе),
and magnetic fields (REн),
ЭЭе ЭЭн

ЭЭепду ЭЭнпду
≤ 1
4.6.10. If a worker is exposed to several sources of electromagnetic
field of radio frequency range for which the same Maximum Allowable Levels
(MAL) are specified, Radiant Exposure during the working day is determined
by adding REs created by each source.
4.6.11. When radiation is emitted by several sources of electromagnetic
fields, operating in different frequency ranges, for which different MALs
are specified, the following conditions need to be observed:

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 ЭЭ Е1 ЭЭ Е 2 ЭЭ Еn ЭЭе ЭЭппэ
  
ЭЭеПДУ 1 ЭЭеПДУ 2 ЭЭеПДУn ЭЭеПДУ ЭЭппэПДУ
≤ 1; ≤ 1.
4.6.12. In case of simultaneous or consecutive exposure of the personnel
to sources operating in a continuous mode, and to antennas emitting
radiation in the circular coverage and scanning mode, the total Radiant
Exposure is calculated by equation:

REtotal = REppen + REppepr, where

REtotal – is the total RE which shall not exceed 200 mcW/cm2.h;
REcont - RE, created by the continuous radiation;
REinterm. - RE, created by intermittent radiation of rotating or scanning
antennas, equal to 0,1 EFDpr •Тpr.
4.6.13. To measure electromagnetic field amplitude within the frequency
range up to 300 MHz devices are used designed for determining root-mean-
square value of electric and/or magnetic field amplitude with a permitted
relative error not exceeding + 30%.
4.6.14. To measure electromagnetic field level within the frequency
range of ≥ 300 MHz - 300 GHz instruments are used designed for assessment
of average values of the energy flux density with a permitted relative
error not exceeding + 40% within the range of ≥ 300 MHz - 2 GHz, and not
exceeding + 30% within the range over 2 GHz.

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 5. Hygienic requirements regarding protection of the personnel against
detrimental impact of electromagnetic fields
5.1. General requirements
5.1.1. The personnel is protected against detrimental impact of
electromagnetic fields by a series of organizational, engineering,
technical, medical and preventive actions.
5.1.2. Organizational actions during designing and operation of equipment
which is the source of electromagnetic field, or of facilities equipped
with electromagnetic sources, include:
- selection of rational modes of equipment operation;
- distinguishing of areas affected by electromagnetic fields (areas with
electromagnetic levels exceeding maximum allowable levels, where no
personnel presence, if even short-term, is required, shall be barricaded
and marked with respective warning signs);
- arrangement of work places and walking routes of maintenance personnel
in such a way, so that the distances from electromagnetic sources would
be adequate to keep the exposure below the maximum allowable level;
- repairs of equipment which is the source of an electromagnetic field,
shall be performed outside the reach of electromagnetic fields of other
sources, if possible;
- observing safety rules when operating electromagnetic sources.
5.1.3. Engineering and technical activities should provide for a
decrease of electromagnetic levels at work places by way of introduction of
new technologies and using personal and collective protection means (when
actual electromagnetic levels at work places exceed maximum allowable
levels specified for production environment).
5.1.4. Managers of companies shall supply their personnel with personal
protection equipment to mitigate the risk of detrimental impact of
electromagnetic fields created by radio-location, radio-navigation,
communication equipment, including mobile and satellite communication.
5.2. Requirements applicable to collective and personal equipment for
protection against adverse impact of electromagnetic fields.
5.2.1. Collective and personal protective equipment must mitigate the
adverse impact of electromagnetic fields and shall not undermine health of
the personnel.
5.2.2. Collective and personal protective equipment are manufactured
using technologies based on screening (reflection, absorption of
electromagnetic energy) and other effective methods of human organism
protection against adverse impact of electromagnetic fields.
5.2.3. All collective and personal equipment protecting the humans from
adverse impact of electromagnetic fields, including devices based on modern
technologies and using new materials, must be subjected to a sanitary and
epidemiological evaluation and receive a sanitary and epidemiological
conclusion confirming compliance with the requirements of the Sanitary
rules, duly issued.
5.2.4. All devices protecting the personnel from electrostatic fields
shall comply with the requirements of the state standard for the general
technical requirements applicable to static electricity protection devices.
5.2.5. Devices for protection against magnetostatic fields shall be
manufactured out of materials with high magnetic permeability which
structure ensures short-circuiting of magnetic fields.
5.2.6. Devices protecting personnel against electromagnetic fields with
the frequency of 50 Hz.

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 5.2.6.1. Devices protecting personnel against electromagnetic fields
with the frequency of 50 Hz shall comply with:
- fixed screening devices – with the requirements of state standards
regulating general technical requirements, basic parameters and
dimensions of screening devices protecting the personnel against electric
fields of industrial frequency;
- screening sets – with requirements of state standards regulating
general technical requirements and methods of testing individual
screening sets designed for protection of the person against electric
fields of industrial frequency.
5.2.6.2. All large items (including machines, mechanisms, etc.) not in
contact with the ground shall be earthed.
5.2.6.3. The personnel working with switchgear shall be protected from
electric fields of 50 Hz frequency by structured decreasing electric fields
levels by using compensating effect of dissimilar phases of current-
conducting parts and screening effect of high equipment racks, by using
buses with minimum number of split wires in a phase, with minimum sagging
and by other measures.
5.2.6.4. Devices protecting the personnel against magnetic fields of 50
Hz frequency may take the form of passive or active screens.
5.2.7. Collective and personal protection equipment protecting against
electromagnetic fields of a radio frequency range (≥ 10 kHz - 300 GHz) in
each particular case shall take into account the operating frequency range,
the nature of works performed, the required protection degree.
5.2.7.1. For screening of electromagnetic fields of radio frequency or
of work places reflective or absorption screens (fixed or portable) shall
be used.
5.2.7.2. Reflective screens for screening of electromagnetic fields of
radio frequency are made of metal sheets, mesh, conductive films, fabric
with microwire, metallized synthetic fiber based fabric or any other
materials of high electric conductivity.
5.2.7.3. Absorption screens for screening of electromagnetic fields of
radio frequency are made of special materials absorbing electromagnetic
energy of respective frequency (wave length).
5.2.7.4. For screening of inspection windows, instrument panels, radio-
protective glass shall be used (or any other radio-protective material with
high degree of transparency).
5.2.7.5. Personal protection equipment (protective clothing) shall be
made of metallized fabric, or any other fabric of high electric
conductivity, and be supplied with a sanitary and epidemiological
conclusion.
5.2.7.6. Protective clothing includes: an overalls or a semi-overalls, a
vest with a hood, a warehouse coat with a hood, a waistcoat, an apron, a
face protection article, mittens (or gloves), footwear. All pieces of
clothing shall be electrically bonded between each other.
5.2.7.7. Protective face shields are manufactured in compliance with the
state standard specifying general technical requirements and test methods
applicable to protective face shields.
5.2.8.8. Glasses (or mesh) used in protective goggles are made of any
transparent material, possessing required protective properties.
5.3. Principles and methods of protection equipment safety and
effectiveness checks
5.3.1. Safety and effectiveness of protection equipment are determined
in accordance with the current legislation.

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 5.3.2. Effectiveness of protection equipment is determined by the degree
mitigation of the electromagnetic field amplitude, represented by the
screening coefficient (absorption or reflection coefficient), and shall
ensure mitigation of radiation level to a safe value during the period
determined by the protection equipment nature.
5.3.3. Safety and effectiveness of protection equipment shall be
evaluated in test centers (laboratories), duly accredited. Based on the
sanitary and epidemiological expertise review a sanitary and
epidemiological conclusion is issued, certifying the protection equipment
as safe and efficient in protecting the personnel against adverse impact of
a specific electromagnetic frequency range.
5.3.4. Safety and effectiveness of protection equipment based on new
technologies is determined in accordance with the requirements specified
for sanitary and epidemiological expertise review of such devices. Based
on the sanitary and epidemiological expertise review, a sanitary and
epidemiological conclusion is issued, certifying the protection equipment
as safe for human health and efficient in protecting the person against
adverse impact of a specific electromagnetic frequency range or an
electromagnetic source.
5.3.5. Effectiveness checks of collective protection equipment available
at work places shall be carried out in accordance with specification, but
at least once every two years.
5.3.6. Effectiveness checks of personal protection equipment available
at work places shall be carried out in accordance with specification, but
at least once a year.

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 6. Medical and preventive treatment activities
6.1. In order to prevent health deterioration and to ensure early
diagnostics of any occupational diseases, all the persons involved in
maintenance and operation of electromagnetic sources are required to have a
medical examination when employed and period preventive medical
examinations, in accordance with the current legislation.
6.2. Persons under 18, and pregnant women are allowed to work in
electromagnetic environments only if the electromagnetic field amplitude at
work places does not exceed the maximum allowable levels specified for the
population.

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 Attachment
to SanPiN 2.2.4.1191-03
dated 30.01.2003
(mandatory)

CURVE OF MAL INTERPOLATION OF MAGNETIC FIELDS WITH FREQUENCY

Of 50 Hz DEPENDING ON THE TIMEFRAME

В/мТл
2

1,5

0,5

ч
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Maximum Allowable Levels of magnetic fields of industrial frequency

depending on the personnel exposure duration for the general exposure case.

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