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Teacher: Khedir M.
Name ___________________Section _______ No _____ January, 2024

Time Allowed: - 1:30 hr

PART I: eight TRUE OR FALSE ITEM QUESTIONS: 4%
Instruction: Write “True” if the statement is correct otherwise “False” if it is incorrect on
the answer sheet provided
1. Mycology is the scientific study of microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, and parasitic
worms.
2. T-lymphocytes are one type of human cells that are targeted and attacked by HIV virus.
3. Archaebacteria lack true peptidoglycan in their cell walls
4. HIV has spikes on its surface, the heads of which are made from the glycoprotein known as
gp120
5. Eubacteria are eukaryotic unicellular organisms without nucleus, mitochondria and Golgi
bodies that reproduce by binary fission.
6. All fungi are eukaryotic cells and chemoheterotrophic group of organisms
7. Plants that use Rubisco mechanism of carbon fixation are called C4 plants.
8. DNA virus contains genetic information stored in the form of RNA.

PART II: seven MATCHING ITEM QUESTIONS: 7%

Instruction: Match the following terms under column A (1-7) with their respective
meanings or alternatives under column B (A-G). Write your answer of choice
on the answer sheet provided.
Column A Column B
1. Thermophiles A. Live around 370C
2. Halophiles B. Microbes killed by oxygen
3. Psychrophiles C. Live at high temperatures
4. Acidophiles D. Microbes require oxygen
5. Mesophiles E. Cryophiles/ lives in cold temperature
6. Aerobic microbes F. Live in very saline environments
7. Anaerobic microbes G. Live at low pH

PART III: fifty MULTIPLE CHOICE ITEM QUESTIONS: 50%

Instruction: Choose one best answer from the given alternatives & write it on the answer
sheet provided
1. Which organ secretes the digestive enzymes amylase?
A. Salivary glands C. Liver
B. Pancreas D. A and B
2. What is the first part of the small intestine where food passes after being broken down
in the stomach?
A. Jejunum B. Duodenum C. Colon D. Ileum

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3. Which organ produces a number of enzymes mixed with partially digested food in the
duodenum?
A. Spleen B. Gallbladder C. Pancreas D. Liver
4. Where does the protein part of digestion primarily take place?
A. Small intestine B. Stomach C. Mouth D. Esophagus
5. Which molecule must enter the Calvin cycle continually for the light-independent
reactions to take place?
A. Rubisco B. RuBP C. H2O D. CO2
6. Where in eukaryotic cells does the Calvin cycle take place?
A. thylakoid membrane C. chloroplast stroma
B. thylakoid lumen D. granum
7. Which of the following statements about virus structure is true?
A. All viruses are encased in a viral membrane.
B. The capsomere is made up of small protein subunits called capsids.
C. DNA is the genetic material in all viruses.
D. Glycoproteins help the virus attach to the host cell.
8. Which statement is true?
A. A virion contains DNA and RNA.
B. Viruses are acellular.
C. Viruses replicate outside of the cell.
D. Most viruses are easily visualized with a light microscope.
9. The viral ________ play(s) a role in attaching a virion to the host cell.
A. Core B. capsid C. envelope both A and C
10. Which statement is not true of viral replication?
A. A lysogenic cycle kills the host cell.
B. There are six basic steps in the viral replication cycle.
C. Viral replication does not affect host cell function.
D. Newly released virions can infect adjacent cells.
11. Which of the following diseases and its mode of transmission mis-matched?
A. Common cold  droplet infection
B. Typhoid fever  eating contaminated food
C. Typhoid fever  drinking contaminated water
D. Ringworm infection  sexual intercourse
12. Anaerobic bacteria are used in waste water treatment for which of the following
purposes or roles?
A. Reduce the volume of sludge C. Increase the volume of sludge
B. Produce methane gas from sludge D. All except C
13. One of the following is not used for morphological classification of bacteria
A. Cell shape C. Formation of spore
B. Reaction to gram stain D. Sexual reproduction

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14. One of the following implies the complete destruction of all micro-organisms, including
spores?
A. Pasteurization B. Disinfection C. Sterilization D. Decontamination
15. Which of the following does NOT increase nitrogen in the soil environment?
A. Ammonification B. Nitrification C. Nitrogen fixation D. Denitrification
16. The suitable form of nitrogen that can be used by plants is
A. N2 B. NO2 C. NO3- D. NH3
17. An ecosystem is a natural unit in which energy flows from the source to:
A. Producers B. Decomposers C. Consumers D. All of the above
18. Which of the following decreases the amount of carbon dioxide in the ecosystem?
A. Photosynthesis B. Nitrogen fixation C. Respiration D. burning of fossils
19. HIV is which type virus is it?
A. DNA virus B. RNA virus C. Bacteriophage D. Viroids
20. Which of the following is the correct sequence of the steps in the process of viral
replication or infection?
A. Attachment → penetration → assembly→ release → replication
B. Attachment → penetration → replication → assembly → release
C. Penetration → attachment → replication → release → assemble
D. Assembly → replication → penetration → release → attachment
21. Though the various types of viruses differ in many ways, all are alike in possessing:
A. Nucleic acid B. Ribosomes C. RNA transcriptase D. Mitochondria
22. When a virus acts as a vehicle for the transfer of genes from one bacterium to another,
the process is called:
A. Transduction B. Transformation C. Transcription D. Translation
23. Viruses typically cause disease by
A. Releasing toxins C. Causing mutations in the host cell DNA
B. Infecting and then destroying cells D. Destroying red blood cells
24. Of the following common bacterial diseases, one is different from the rest in terms of
transmission
A. Pertussis B. Bacterial Meningitis C. Cholera D. Tuberculosis
25. Prokaryotic cells that have a rod or cylindrical shape are called:
A. Cocci B. Vibrio C. Spirilla D. Bacilli
26. What is a capsid?
A. Viral DNA that inserts into a hosts DNA C. A type of plant virus
B. A protein coat surrounding a virus D. A rod-shaped bacterium
27. One of the following processes is used for the exchange of genetic information between
two bacterial cells?
A. Endospore formation B. lysogenic cycle C. Conjugation D. Binary fission
28. All bacteria are classified as:
A. Eubacteria B. Eukaryotes C. Archaea D. Prokaryotes
29. Which of the following statements about fungi is false?
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 A. All fungi are unicellular C. All fungi have cell
B. All fungi are eukaryotic D. All fungi are heterotrophic
30. A symbiotic relationship between a fungus and a green alga or a cyanobacterium is a
A. mycorrhiza B. fruiting body C. lichen D. mushroom
31. The structures in amoeba that help the organism move and feed are the
A. flagella B. cilia C. food vacuole D. pseudopodia
32. In protists, the process of conjugation:
A. produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
B. linked to photosynthesis
C. results in an exchange of some genetic material
D. decreases the genetic diversity of a population
33. The primary carbohydrate found in the cell walls of fungi is
A. chitin B. actin C. cellulose D. starch
34. The process of converting nitrogen into a form plant can use is known as ______
A. sulfur formation C. ammonification
B. nitrogen decomposition D. nitrogen fixation
35. Common name given for disease-causing organisms are known as:
A. cocci B. bacteria C. pathogens D. archaea
36. One group of viruses that contain RNA as their genetic information is the
A. Bacteriophages B. Retroviruses C. Capsids D. Prophages
37. Eukaryotes are unlike Prokaryotes in that their cells
A. have nuclei B. lack organelles C. have plasmids D. lack nucleic acids
38. Bacteria often contain small circular molecules of DNA known as
A. Clone B. Chromosomes C. Plasmids D. Hybrids
39. What are bacteriophages?
A. One form of bacteria B. Carbohydrates C. DNA D. Viruses
40. In addition to light and chlorophyll, photosynthesis requires
A. Water and oxygen C. Oxygen and carbon dioxide
B. Water and sugars D. Water and carbon dioxide
41. The leaves of a plant appear green because chlorophyll
A. Reflects blue light C. Absorbs blue light
B. Reflects green light D. Absorbs green light
42. The light-independent mechanisms of photosynthesis are also called the
A. Calvin cycle B. Sugar cycle C. Carbon cycle D. ATP cycle
43. CAM plants are specialized to survive under what conditions that would harm most
other plants?
A. Low temperature C. Excess water
B. Hot, dry conditions D. Long-day lengths
44. What is the principal pigment in plants?
A. Chlorophyll B. Oxygen C. ATP D. NADFPH
45. The first process of photosynthesis in the light-dependent reactions is the
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 A. ATP formation C. Breakdown of carbon dioxide
B. Oxygen production D. Light absorption
46. Which part or site of our body is sterile and not covered by normal flora?
A. Skin B. oral cavity C. intestines D. brain
47. Aflatoxins are produced by which of the following fungi?
A. Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus
B. Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus
C. Trichophyton and Epidermophyton
D. Claviceps purpurea and Aspergillus fumigatus
48. Which of the following characteristics best describes protozoa?
A. Nutrition of all types (autotroph and heterotroph)
B. Locomotion includes pseudopodia, cilia, flagella, and some sessile
C. Reproduce asexually by binary fission, budding, and cyst
D. All of the above describes protozoa
49. Identify the one which is different from the rest?
A. Chlamydomonas B. Giardia C. Trichomonas D. Plasmodium
50. Which of the following statements about the digestive system is false?
A. Chyme is a mixture of food and digestive juices that is produced in the stomach.
B. Food enters the large intestine before the small intestine.
C. In the small intestine, chyme mixes with bile, which emulsifies fats.
D. The stomach is separated from the small intestine by the pyloric sphincter.

PART IV: SEVEN FILLS IN THE BLANK SPACE QUESTIONS: 7%.

Instructions: Fill in the blank spaces with appropriate words or phrases on the answer
sheet provided
1. _____________________ is one of the eukaryotic microbe structures composed of
microtubules, microfilaments, and filaments that gives the eukaryotic cells shape.
2. Particles made up of proteins, nucleic acids, and sometimes lipids that can reproduce only by
infecting living cells are called ______________________
3. When a virus acts as a vehicle for the transfer of genes from one bacterium to another, the
process is known as __________________________
4. ___________________ are type of archaea that grow in high saline environments.
5. Ascospores producing fungi are called ___________________________
6. _______________________ is a type of reproduction in protozoa in which the nucleus of the
cell divides multiple times then each nucleus separates into a daughter cell.
7. The combined structure formed by nucleic acid and capsid of virus is _________________.
8. _____________________ is the population of microorganisms routinely found growing on
the body of healthy individuals.

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Part V: THREE Short answer questions: 4%
Instructions: Give short and precise answers for the following questions on the answer
sheet provided
1. Identify each of the following reactions as endergonic or exergonic.
A. Cellular respiration C. Catabolic reactions
B. Photosynthesis D. Anabolic reactions
2. Which part of the Calvin cycle would be affected if a cell could not produce the enzyme
Rubisco?
3. What is the overall outcome of the light reactions in photosynthesis?

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 -----------------ANSWER SHEET------------------
Name: ________________________________ Grade & Section: ______________

Marks Obtained:
=
70 30
Part I 1= 2= 3= 4= 5= 6= 7= 8=
Part II 1 2 3 4 5 5 6 7

Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
III
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34

35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

Part IV 1 4 7
2 5 8
3 6

Part V:

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