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UNIT 7: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
GETTING STARTED
AT THE GO GREEN CLUB
Club leader: Hello. Welcome back. Today we’re discussing environmental problems and environmental protection. What are our
serious environmental problems now?
Nam: Pollution and habitat loss, I think.
Ann: I agree. The air and water quality are getting worse and worse.
Club leader: Any others?
Ann: Yes, I can think of some like global warming, endangered species loss, …
Nam: So what should we do to help protect our environment?
Club leader: We can reduce our carbon footprint even in our homes.
Ann: What do you mean by ‘carbon footprint’?
Club leader: It’s the amount of carbon dioxide we release into the environment.
Ann: I see. So we can do things like turning off devices when we’re not using them.
Club leader: Right … And there is much more we can do, like practising the 3Rs.
Nam: We can plant more trees in our neighbourhood too.
Ann: And try to avoid using single-use products, like plastic bags, and stop littering.
Club leader: Yeah. And we can volunteer at some local environment programmes to save endangered species.
go green phr /ɡəʊ ɡriːn/ sống xanh, bảo vệ môi trường
environment n /ɪnˈvaɪərənmənt/ môi trường
environmental a /ɪnˌvaɪərənˈmentl/ thuộc về môi trường
protection n /prəˈtekʃn/ sự bảo vệ
protect v /prəˈtekt/ bảo vệ
environmental protection phr /ɪnˌvaɪərənˈmentl prəˈtekʃn/ sự bảo vệ môi trường
discuss v /dɪˈskʌs/ thảo luận
problem n /ˈprɒbləm/ vấn đề
environmental problem phr /ɪnˌvaɪərənˈmentl ˈprɒbləm/ vấn đề môi trường
serious a /ˈsɪəriəs/ nghiêm trọng
pollution n /pəˈluːʃn/ ô nhiễm
habitat n /ˈhæbɪtæt/ môi trường sống
loss n /lɒs/ sự mất mát
habitat loss phr /ˈhæbɪtæt lɒs/ mất môi trường sống
quality n /ˈkwɒləti/ chất lượng
worse and worse phr /wɜːs ənd wɜːs/ ngày càng tệ hơn
global warming phr /ˌɡləʊbl ˈwɔːmɪŋ/ hiện tượng nóng lên toàn cầu
endangered species phr /ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd ˈspiːʃiːz/ các loài có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng
protect the environment phr /prəˈtekt ði ɪnˈvaɪərənmənt/ bảo vệ môi trường
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reduce v /rɪˈdjuːs/ giảm
carbon footprint phr /ˌkɑːbən ˈfʊtprɪnt/ dấu chân carbon
carbon dioxide n /ˌkɑːbən daɪˈɒksaɪd/ khí CO2
release into phr /rɪˈliːs ˈɪntuː/ thải vào
devices n /dɪˈvaɪsɪz/ thiết bị
practise the 3Rs phr /ˈpræktɪs ðə θriː ɑːz/ thực hành 3R (giảm, tái sử dụng, tái chế)
plant trees phr /plænt ˈtriːz/ trồng cây
avoid v /əˈvɔɪd/ tránh
single-use product phr /ˌsɪŋɡl juːs ˈprɒdʌkt/ sản phẩm dùng một lần
plastic bags n /ˈplæstɪk ˈbæɡz/ túi ni-lông
littering n /ˈlɪtərɪŋ/ xả rác
volunteer n /ˌvɒlənˈtɪər/ tình nguyện viên
environment programme phr ɪnˈvaɪərənmənt ˈprəʊɡræm chương trình bảo vệ môi trường
save v /seɪv/ cứu, tiết kiệm
Task 1: Read the conversation again and match the two halves in the two columns.
To protect the environment, we should:
1. reduce a. using single-use products
2. turn off b littering
3. plant c our carbon footprint
4. avoid d. devices when we’re not using them
5. stop e more trees in our neighbourhood
Task 2: Complete each sentence with one word or phrase from the box.
reduce single-use pollution carbon footprint environment programme
pollution
1. _______________ is a serious problem everywhere.
reduce
2. We should avoid dumping waste into lakes and rivers to _______________ water pollution.
single-use
3. We shouldn’t throw away _______________ products but recycle them.
4.Carbon footprintis the amount of carbon dioxide we release into the environment.
_______________
environment programme
5. We hope a lot more people join our ______________________.
Write a phrase from the box under each picture.
rác thải nhựa
plastic rubbish water pollution single-use products 3Rs endangered species
plastic rubbish
___________________ single-use products __________________
___________________ endangered species __________________
water pollution ________________
3rs
Environment Quiz
1. Which of the following is the greenest form of transport?
A. Motobike B. Bus C. Bicycle
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2. Which of the following is a renewable source? năng lượng tái tạo
A. Coal than B. Oil dầu C. Wind
3. What causes the most pollution?
A. Factories B. Animals C. Hospitals
4. The surroundings in which we live are our ______.
A. habitat B. place C. environment
5. Which of these will reduce your carbon footprint?
chặt
A. Cutting down a lot of trees. B. Recycling paper products.
C. Leaving the TV on all night.
VOCABULARY
build a campfire phr /bɪld ə ˈkæmpˌfaɪər/ dựng lửa trại
cut down trees phr /kʌt daʊn ˈtriːz/ chặt cây
pick up rubbish phr /pɪk ʌp ˈrʌbɪʃ/ nhặt rác
protect endangered species phr prəˈtekt ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd ˈspiːʃiːz bảo vệ các loài có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng
save water phr /seɪv ˈwɔːtər/ tiết kiệm nước
ecosystem n /ˈiːkəʊˌsɪstəm/ hệ sinh thái
soil n /sɔɪl/ đất
dirty a /ˈdɜːti/ bẩn
harmful substance n /ˈhɑːmfʊl ˈsʌbstəns/ chất gây hại
natural environment n /ˈnætʃrəl ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ môi trường tự nhiên
living things n /ˈlɪvɪŋ θɪŋz/ sinh vật sống
non-living things n /nɒn ˈlɪvɪŋ θɪŋz/ vật không sống
particular a /pəˈtɪkjələ(r)/ cụ thể
be related to phr /bi rɪˈleɪtɪd tuː/ liên quan đến
face v /feɪs/ đối mặt
risk n /rɪsk/ rủi ro
extinction n /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/ sự tuyệt chủng
in the wild phr /ɪn ðə waɪld/ trong tự nhiên
cut down trees phr /kʌt daʊn triːz/ chặt cây
national park n /ˈnæʃnəl pɑːk/ vườn quốc gia
oxygen n /ˈɒksɪdʒən/ khí oxy
absorb v /əbˈzɔːb/ hấp thụ
provide v /prəˈvaɪd/ cung cấp
environmental concern phr /ɪnˌvaɪərənˈmentl kənˈsɜːn/ mối lo ngại về môi trường
harm v /hɑːm/ gây hại
natural habitat phr /ˈnætʃrəl ˈhæbɪtæt/ môi trường sống tự nhiên
forest n /ˈfɒrɪst/ rừng
pond n /pɒnd/ ao
Task 1: Label each picture with a phrase from the list.
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building a campfire proctecting endangered species picking up rubbish
cutting down trees saving water
_____________________ ____________________ _______________________
___________________________ ________________________
Task 2: Circle the actions above that protect the environment.
a. building a campfire b. cutting down trees c. picking up rubbish
d. proctecting endangered species e. saving water
Task 3: Match each word or phrase in column A with its meaning in column B.
A B
1. ecosystem a. the process of making water, air, soil, etc. dirty by adding harmful subtances
2. pollution b. the practice of protecting the natural environment
3. habitat c. the way living and non-living things in a particular area are related to each other.
4. environmental protection d. animals facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
5. endangered species e. the place where a type of plant or animals lives
Task 4: Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box.
habitat cutting down trees ecosystem endangered species carbon dioxide
1. People in my neighbourhood are doing a lot to save _________________.
2. Con Dao National Park provides a rich ________ for marine life.
3. Forests help release oxygen and absorb _____________; they also provide homes for many species.
4. ________________ is a serious environmental concern as it harms natural habitats.
5. An __________ may be a whole forest, or a small pond, and it can be of any size.
PRONUNCIATION: /bl/ and /kl/
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GRAMMAR
Complex sentences with adverb clauses of time
Câu phức là câu có một mệnh đề độc lập (independent clause) và ít nhất một mệnh đề phụ thuộc (dependent clause).
E.g. She went to work although she was very tired.
mệnh đề độc lập (IC) mệnh đề phụ thuộc (DC)
E.g. You should finish your homework before you go out.
→ “You should finish your homework” đứng một mình vẫn có ý nghĩa hoàn chỉnh; tuy nhiên, “before you go out”
đứng một mình không thể tạo thành câu hoàn chỉnh.
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian (Adverb clauses of time) là mệnh đề dùng để diễn ra khi nào một sự việc xảy ra. Nó
thường bắt đầu với các liên từ chỉ thời gian như:
• before (trước khi)
• after (sau khi)
• when (khi) S + V
• while (trong khi)
• till/until (cho đến khi)
• as soon as (ngay khi)
E.g. We will start the party as soon as they arrive. = As soon as they arrive, we will start the party.
You can swim while I'm cooking. = While I'm cooking, you can swim.
Task 1. Read the sentences and write I.C if the underlined clause is an independent clause or D.C if it is a
dependent clause
1. I’ll wait for you here until you get back.
2. Make sure you lock the door when you go out.
3. You must get a permit before you build a campfire at a national park.
4. Don’t use too much water while you are having a shower.
5. As soon as my friends come, we will pick up rubbish on the beach.
Task 2. Choose A, B, or C to complete each sentence.
1. I was not at home ______ he came to see me yesterday.
A. when B. until C. as soon as
2. We called the forest guard unit ______ we saw the bush fire.
A. as soon as B. while C. until
3. I went straight to the gym ______ I left home.
A. while B. before C. after
4. You can stay with us ______ you find a suitable place to stay.
A. as soon as B. before C. until
5. We cleaned up everything at the campsite ______ we left.
A. until B. before C. while
Task 3. Match the clauses in the two columns to form complex sentences.
1. We will clean up the beach a. until he made a successful light bulb.
2. Don’t forget to turn off the light b. as soon as it stops raining.
3. You have to show your ticket c. while I’m cooking the soup?
4. Can you help me lay the table d. before you go out.
5. Thomas Edision kept trying e. when you get on the train.
Task 4. Combine each pair of sentences, using the conjunction in brackets.
1. I arrive at the station. I will call you right after. (as soon as)
=> ________________________________________________.
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2. Many Vietnamese women wear conical hats. They work in the field. (when)
=> ________________________________________________.
3. My father taught me how to use the computer. Then he bought one for me. (before)
=> ________________________________________________.
4. Nick is reading a novel. Jack is reading a cartoon. (while)
=> ________________________________________________.
5. The tornado hit. There were only a few houses left standing. (after)
=> ________________________________________________.
COMMUNICATION
Asking for clarification
Read the passage and tick the correct answers.
WHAT ACTIVITIES DO PEOPLE DO ON EARTH DAY?
Match the activities people do on Earth Day with their results.
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READING
Today, there are national parks all over rise v /raɪz/ tăng lên
all the time phr /ɔːl ðə taɪm/ mọi lúc, suốt
the world. and the number is rising all the
special area n /ˈspeʃl ˈeəriə/ khu vực đặc biệt
time. A national park is a special area for wildlife n /ˈwaɪldlaɪf/ động vật hoang dã
the protection of the environment and district n /ˈdɪstrɪkt/ quận, huyện
province n /ˈprɒvɪns/ tỉnh
wildlife.
contain v /kənˈteɪn/ chứa đựng
island n /ˈaɪlənd/ hòn đảo
In Viet Nam, there are now 34 national cover v /ˈkʌvə(r)/ bao phủ
parks. Con Dao National Park is one of hectare n /ˈhek.teə(r)/ hecta
ecosystem n /ˈiːkəʊˌsɪstəm/ hệ sinh thái
them. It became a national park in 1993.
diverse a /daɪˈvɜːs/ đa dạng
The park is in Con Dao District, Ba Ria- thousands n /ˈθaʊzəndz/ hàng nghìn
Vung Tau Province. It contains 16 small species n /ˈspiːʃiːz/ loài
islands covering 20,000 hectares. The marine animal n /məˈriːn ˈænɪml/ động vật biển
coral n /ˈkɒrəl/ san hô
ecosystem here is very diverse with
sea turtle n /ˈsiː ˈtɜːtl/ rùa biển
thousands of species, including marine dolphin n /ˈdɒlfɪn/ cá heo
animals. Many species of corals as well as endangered dugong n ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd ˈduːɡɒŋ bò biển nguy cấp
be home to phr /bi həʊm tuː/ là nơi cư trú của
sea turtles, dolphins, and endangered
valuable a /ˈvæljuəbl/ có giá trị
dugongs live here as well. The park is also woods n /wʊdz/ rừng
home to a lot of valuable kinds of woods medicinal plants n /məˈdɪsɪnl plɑːnts/ cây thuốc
and medicinal plants. Three ancient trees ancient tree n /ˈeɪnʃənt triː/ cây cổ thụ
heritage n /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ di sản
in the park were named “Vietnamese
play a key role phr /pleɪ ə kiː rəʊl/ đóng vai trò quan trọng
Heritage Trees”. raise the awareness of phr /reɪz ði əˈweənəs/ nâng cao nhận thức về
local resident n /ˈləʊkl ˈrezɪdənt/ cư dân địa phương
important a /ɪmˈpɔːtnt/ quan trọng
Con Dao National Park, like other national
nature n /ˈneɪtʃə(r)/ thiên nhiên
parks, plays a key role in saving conservation n /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/ sự bảo tồn
endangered species as well as protecting management n /ˈmænɪdʒmənt/ sự quản lý
the environment and natural resources. It animal products n /ˈænɪml ˈprɒdʌkts/ sản phẩm động vật
natural values n /ˈnætʃrəl ˈvæljuːz/ giá trị tự nhiên
also helps raise the awareness of local
mission n /ˈmɪʃn/ sứ mệnh
residents about the importance of nature. rich in phr /rɪtʃ ɪn/ giàu về
animal species n /ˈænɪml ˈspiːʃiːz/ các loài động vật
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Read the text and choose the words or phrases to make the following statements correct.
1. There are 34 national parks / nations’ parks in Viet Nam now.
2. The conservation / ecosystem in Con Dao is very diverse.
3. The dugong is a(n) dangerous / endangered animal.
4. National parks play a key role in saving the environment / small islands.
Read the text again and choose the correct option A, B, or C.
1. What is the best title for the passage?
A. National Parks in Viet Nam B. Con Dao National Park C. The Protection of Wildlife
2. National parks are areas for ______.
A. the protection of the environment B. the management of marine life C. the sale of animal products
3. What is the area of Con Dao National Park? DIỆN TÍCH
A. 34 hectares B. 16 hectares C. 20,000 hectares
4. Con Dao National Park has many kinds of ______.
A. valuable plants B. ancient trees C. natural values
5. Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage?
A. There are more and more national parks in the world. B. Con Dao National Park is rich in animal species.
C. Con Dao National Park’s mission is to help other national parks.
SPEAKING
Talk about a nation park
1 2 3 4
Vu Quang National Park is a [khu vực đặc biệt] located in Ha Tinh [tỉnh], Vietnam. It [bao phủ] over 55,000 [hecta]
5 6 7 8
and is rich in [giá trị thiên nhiên]. [Vườn Quốc gia này] is [nơi sinh sống của hàng ngàn loài động vật], including [loài
9
nguy cấp] like the Saola. The park has a [hệ sinh thái đa dạng] with forests, rivers, and [môi trường sống tự nhiên]. It
10 11 12 13
is important to [bảo vệ môi trường] here to reduce [mất môi trường sống] and the [nguy cơ] of [tuyệt chủng] for
14 [động vật hoang dã].
15 16 17 18 19
Unfortunately, [vấn đề môi trường] such as [ô nhiễm] and [chặt phá rừng] harm this beautiful park. To [bảo vệ] [các
20 21 22 23
loài nguy cấp] and [hệ sinh thái], we should [trồng cây], [tránh xả rác], and [nhặt rác] during visits. Local residents
24 hành 3R to reduce [khí
and visitors can thực 25CO₂] and save this amazing park for the future. [Nâng
26 cao nhận thức] of
people about [bảo vệ môi trường] is an [quan trọng] step in [bảo tồn thiên nhiên].
27 28 29
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LISTENING
unsafe a /ʌnˈseɪf/ không an toàn
toxic a /ˈtɒksɪk/ độc hại
substances n /ˈsʌbstənsɪz/ các chất
man-made a /ˌmænˈmeɪd/ nhân tạo
flow into phr /fləʊ ˈɪntuː/ chảy vào
factory n /ˈfæktri/ nhà máy
natural pollution n /ˈnætʃrəl pəˈluːʃn/ ô nhiễm tự nhiên
occur v /əˈkɜː(r)/ xảy ra
rainwater n /ˈreɪnwɔːtə(r)/ nước mưa
a source of phr /ə ˈsɔːs əv/ một nguồn
harmful a /ˈhɑːmfʊl/ có hại
effect on phr /ɪˈfekt ɒn/ tác động lên
treat water v /triːt ˈwɔːtə(r)/ xử lý nước
household n /ˈhaʊshəʊld/ hộ gia đình
litter n /ˈlɪtə(r)/ rác
especially adv /ɪˈspeʃəli/ đặc biệt
dump waste v /dʌmp weɪst/ xả chất thải
green product n /ɡriːn ˈprɒdʌkt/ sản phẩm xanh
Listen to a talk and choose the correct word to complete each sentence.
1. Polluted water is unsafe for drinking / cooking and for other uses.
2. Sometimes toxic substances flow into rivers from factories / hospitals.
3. Water pollution has a dangerous / harmful effect on our life.
4. We couldn’t / shouldn’t throw litter into rivers and lakes.
Listen again and give short answers to the following questions. Use no more than THREE words.
1. What is the listening text about? _____________________________________.
2. How many sources of water pollution are there? _____________________________________.
3. What are two common sources of drinking water? _____________________________________.
4. What type of effect does water pollution have on our life? _____________________________________.
5. What products can we use to reduce water pollution? _____________________________________.
Listen to the interview again. Fill in each blank in the table with no more than two words.
All (1)__________ things need water, but water pollution has become a (2)__________ problem. Polluted water is
(3)__________ for drinking and for other uses. Water pollution happens when wastes and (4)__________ substances
make the water unsafe. There are two (5)__________ of water pollution, man made and (6)__________. Man made
(7)__________ pollute water when they (8)__________ into the water from (9)__________ and homes. Natural
pollution occurs when (10)__________ with toxic (11)__________ flows into rivers or lakes. These rivers and lakes are
a source of (12)__________ water for humans. Water pollution has a (13)__________ effect on our lives. But there
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are ways we can (14)__________ water pollution. The first thing we can do is to (15)__________ water from factories
and (16)__________. We should also stop (17)__________, especially (18)__________ waste into rivers and lakes.
Finally, we can reduce water pollution by using green (19)__________ and avoiding (20)__________ use products like
(21)__________ bags.
WRITING
Write about some activities that cause water pollution
Ô nhiễm nước là một vấn đề môi trường nghiêm trọng ảnh hưởng (that affects) đến các sinh vật sống và môi
trường sống của chúng. Nhiều hoạt động của con người (human activities) thải ra các chất có hại vào sông, hồ và
biển, làm cho nước trở nên (making the water) bẩn và không an toàn. Các nhà máy thường xả thải hoặc chất độc
hại vào nguồn nước (into the water), trong khi (while) các hộ gia đình có thể xả rác hoặc để nước thải không qua xử
lý (let untreated water) chảy vào các nguồn nước tự nhiên. Việc sử dụng (Using) túi ni lông và các sản phẩm dùng
một lần cũng làm cho chất lượng nước trở nên tồi tệ hơn nếu không được xử lý đúng cách (when they are not
disposed of properly).
Để giải quyết những vấn đề này (To solve these problems), chúng ta nên giảm ô nhiễm bằng cách thực hiện 3T: tái sử
dụng, giảm thiểu, và tái chế. Mọi người nên ngừng xả rác vào sông và xử lý nước đúng cách (properly) trước khi sử
dụng. Nhặt rác và tránh sử dụng túi ni lông là những hành động đơn giản (simple actions) để giúp đỡ. Chính phủ
(Governments) có thể tổ chức (organize) các chương trình bảo vệ môi trường để nâng cao nhận thức của người dân
địa phương (local residents) và bảo vệ môi trường. Những giải pháp này (These solutions) rất quan trọng để bảo vệ
nước và giữ nó sạch cho các thế hệ mai sau (keep it clean for future generations).
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Tiếng Anh 8 – Global Success 10
Phuong Le English 0336 797 636
TEST YOURSELF
Choose the correct answer A, B, or C to complete each sentence.
1. The panda’s natural ______ is the bamboo forest.
A. habitat B. ecosystem C. area
2. This forest provides a habitat for hundreds of ______ of plants and animals.
A. styles B. classes C. species
3. ______ the environment must be the job of everyone in the community.
A. Caring B. Protecting C. Keeping
4. We should ______ the consumption of single-use products like plastic bottles and bags.
A. reduce B. encourage C. raise
5. ______ trees and burning forests destroy a lot of wildlife habitats.
A. Watering B. Cleaning up C. Cutting down
Complete each of the sentences with a word or phrase from the box.
carbon footprint littering picking up rubbish habitats endangered species
1. Do you know that _______ can cause pollution?
2. One effective way to reduce your ______________ is to walk or cycle whenever you can.
3. By planting trees and ________________, we can improve our environment.
4. Humans are harming the _______ of bees throughout the world.
5. Animals such as saolas and dugongs are _________________.
Complete the following sentences using a clause. Use your own ideas.
1. We should wait here until _____________________.
2. As soon as I arrived, ________________________________.
3. Remember to lock the door before __________________.
4. There were not many animals on the mountain after _______________________.
5. When we finished our picnic, ______________________________.
Circle A, B, or C to identify the underlined part that needs correction.
1. As soon as it rains, I go to school by bus.
A B C
2. I learned a lot about wildlife until I visited Cuc Phuong National Park last week.
A B C
3. You can’t go out to play before you will finish your homework.
A B C
4. Instead of riding a motorbike, walk or cycle while you can.
A B C
5. How much power do you save this year for Earth Hour?
A B C
Tiếng Anh 8 – Global Success 11
