BTECH 5 REVIEWER

1. Estimates- Approximation, projection or prediction of a quantity of work.

2. Detailed estimate of Construction Cost- A forecast of construction cost prepared based on a detailed analysis of
materials and labor for all items of work.
3. Bill of Materials- Used to describe the materials, sub-components needed to manufacture a finished product.
- A permit requirement which lists raw materials and components to construct a project.
4. Quantity survey- A term describing the detailed calculation of all components necessary to construct a building
generated by quantity of materials, labor and other parameters; a detailed analysis and listing of all items of materials
and equipment necessary to construct and complete a project.
- Preliminary estimation technique to establish the quantity of a particular small part of work
5. User-unit Method- This estimating method involves the determination of user or occupants to quantify space and to
establish cost.
6. Area Method- This estimating method involves costing and quantification using area and multiplier/factor; commonly
used to provide a rough estimate of project cost; also used when estimating small to medium project cost since it
involves a standard height and deviation may be considered minimal.
7. Volume Method- This estimating method involves a three-dimensional aspect of the project; an extension of the area
method but involves the height of the building project as height affects cost of the project.
8. Parametric Method- This estimating method involves the identification of several major factors in estimating such as
architectural, structural, electrical, etc. components of the project, each with a corresponding project cost.
9. Modular Cost Method- This estimating method applies to repetitive work/work made of similar components or project
components where cost can be calculated based on cost per unit; total cost = unit cost x no. of units.
10. Detailed Estimate by Quantity Take-off Method- Also known as Quantity Survey Method; this method is considered
as the most precise; materials are quantified based on specifications.
11. Combination Method- This method may be used if the project and the scope of work is incomplete or some areas are
not clearly defined, hence, a combination of different methods becomes practicable; not that accurate.
12. Construction Documents- Consist of contract documents and bidding requirements; • To communicate the written
and graphic design for administration of the construction contract.
13. Three basic construction documents- Drawings, Specifications & Conditions of the contract.
14. Bid documents- To describe the documents furnished to bidders; • Supplied by the owner during the bidding phase of
a project prior to construction.
15. Contract Documents- Printed documents that comprise a contract which include owner-architect agreement or
contract form, drawings and/or plans, specifications, general conditions, special provisions, all addenda, modifications
and changes thereto together with any other items stipulated as being specifically included.
16. Agreement- Contract between the owner and contractor; Setting forth the work to be performed, the time for
completion and the contract sum.
17. Standard Contract Documents (agreement):
a. owner-architect
b. owner-general contractor
c. owner-specialty trade contractor
d. general contractor-specialty trade contractor
e. owner-project management
f. owner-construction management
18. Performance Bond- Approved form of security by the contractor and his surety as a guarantee of good faith of the
contractor to execute the work in accordance with the terms of the contract.
19. Payment Bond- Approved form of security by the contractor and his surety as a guarantee of good faith of the
contractor to pay all obligations arising from the contract.
20. Certificates- Include certificates of insurance and compliance.
21. Conditions of the Contract- Portions of the contract documents; Define the basic rights, responsibilities, and
relationships of the parties; has two types: General Conditions and Supplementary Conditions.
22. General Conditions- Printed documents stipulating the procedural and administrative aspect of the contract; contain
provisions which are common practice nationwide.
23. Supplementary Conditions- Part of the contract documents which supplements and modifies provisions of the
general conditions to provide requirements unique to a specific project.
24. Special Provisions- Instructions which may be issued to the bidding to supplement or modify drawings, specs and
general conditions of the contract.
25. Drawings- Graphical representations of the work.
26. Working Drawings- Intended for use of the contractor, sub-contractor and/or fabricator; Contains the necessary
graphical information to manufacture, erect, fabricate or construct.
27. Architectural Drawing Documents- Prepared by an architect for a construction project.
28. Engineering Drawing Documents- Technical in nature; Used to fully and clearly define requirements for engineering
items.
29. Addenda- Written or graphic instruments that supplement the bidding documents for clarifying, correcting or adding to
the specifications previously issued; Changes made before contract execution.
30. Contract Modifications- Written after execution of the contract; Additions, deletions or modifications of the work
made after the agreement has been signed; Can be issued anytime during the contract period.
31. Change Orders- Written order to the contractor, signed by the owner and architect/engineer, issued after the
execution of the contract authorizing change in the work or adjustment in the contract sum/time; May be signed by the
architect/engineer alone or contractor, if the contractor agrees to the adjustment in contract sum/time
32. Field Orders- A written order affecting a minor change in the work, not involving an adjustment in the contract
sum/time.
33. Supplemental Instructions- Minor instructions not involving change orders; Allow the architect/engineer to direct
changes not involving changes in contract sum/time.
34. Submittal- Document or material provided to the Architect/Engineer for review or acceptance.
35. Insurance- Requirement to safeguard the interest of all parties to the contract.
36. Specifications- Scope of work to be done, materials and equipment to be used, method of installation or application
and the quality of workmanship
- does not include material cost.
 - detailed description of the extent of work, materials, finishes, contractual requirements for construction
of a house.
- an explicit set of requirements to be satisfied by a material, product, or service.
- which will govern in case of conflict and when the law is concerned, drawings or specification.
37. Supplementary Specifications- Additional Information which may be issued as an addition or amendment.
38. Guide Specifications- Standardized document to provide guidance to the specifier.
39. Legal Consideration- Courts are held in the event of conflict between drawings and specifications. The
specifications, as a written document, govern.
40. Insurance Consideration- Requirements governing owner's liability and fire insurance are incorporated in the general
conditions or in supplementary conditions.
41. Bidding Requirements- Include the Invitation to bid, Instructions to Bidders, Bid form and the Bid Bond.
42. Alternates Options- Specifications provide a basis for the contract's estimate and the submission of a bid; These are
established by the architect and owner for the deletion and/or addition of work, and for the substitution of materials;
Written and listed in the Bid Form.
43. Sub-contractor's Limits- Drawings generally show all of the work to be done and the interrelationship of various
parts.
44. Contractor's Limits- General Requirements, will establish the limits of each prime contract.
45. Inspection and Testing Procedures (Quality Control)- The specifications established inspection and testing
procedures to be followed during the construction operations.
46. Design Criteria- In some instances, there are some designs that could not be reflected in the drawings.
47. Project Manual- A complete set of bid and contract documents that include the bidding requirements, contract forms,
contract conditions and project specifications.
48. Drawings should generally show the ff information:
1. Extent, size, shape and location of component part
2. Location of materials, equipment and fixtures
3. Detail and overall dimensions
 4. Interrelation of materials, equipment and space
5. Schedules of finishes, windows and doors
6. Sizes of equipment
7. Identification of class of material at its location
8. Physical extent of alternates
49. Specification should generally describe the ff items:
1. Quality of workmanship specification
2. Type and quality of materials, equipment and fixture
3. Methods of fabrication, installation and erection
4. Test and code requirements
5. Gauges of manufacturers' equipment
6. Allowances and unit prices
7. Alternate and options
50. Performance Specifications- A specification that stipulates how a component or system must perform without giving
the means to be employed to achieve the results.
51. Descriptive Specification- A specification that stipulates the exact quantities and qualities or properties of materials
to be furnished and how they are to be assembled/installed in a construction.
52. Reference Specification- A specification that refers to a standard specification to indicate the properties desired in a
material/component and the methods of testing required.
53. Proprietary Specification- A closed type specification that stipulates the use of specific products, systems, or
processes without provision for substitution; Where certain options are available, the specifier should include those
pertinent to the project.
54. Brand name Specification- A specification where the desired product is specified by the name given by the
manufacturer or by the manufacturer's name and model number.
55. Closed Specification- A specification used where material is required to match existing material in terms of quality,
type and performance; generally, brand name specifications; there are two types: the single product and multi-product
specification.
56. Open Specification- A specification where all manufacturers whose product meet performance or description
specified, may qualify to bid.
57. or equal- Brand name specifications are open if the phrase ____ is used.
58. Combination Specification- A specification that may be a combination of performance, descriptive and reference
specifications but never a combination of open and closed specification; In this specification, a product may be
required with specific physical characteristics and also may be required to conform to a particular standard.
59. Method System- This system is employed when the specifier describes in detail the materials, workmanship,
installation and erection procedures to be used by the contractor in the conduct of their work operations; can be
described as descriptive specifications.
60. Specification Language- Language should be precise not vague; ability to express oneself in good English.
61. Vague specification- may be difficult to enforce and will still cost the owner money because the contractor has
included the cost in the bid.
62. 3 C's for Specification
a. Clear
b. Concise
c. Correct
63. Imperative Mode- The recommended method for instructions covering installation of products and equipment; the
verb that clearly defines the action becomes the first word of the sentence; concise and readily understandable.
64. Indicative Mode- The traditional language of specification sentences Is the indicative mode, passive voice; requires
using the word shall in nearly every statement.
65. Shall- Used with reference to the work required to be done by a contractor or supplier; It denotes the things the
supplier shall do, documents they shall supply, features they shall build or performance levels the equipment shall
meet.
66. Will- Used in connection with acts and actions required of the owner or of the architect/engineer; Denotes the
information the owner will supply, documents the owner will review, and approvals the owner will issue.
67. Maxims for Specifications
a. Be Brief
b. Use Simple and Clear Language
c. Make Specifications a Reference
68. CSI Three-part Section Format
a. General
b. Products
c. Execution
69. Part 1 - General- This part covers those general areas of concern which precede and follow work, and which define
the scope of work.
70. Part 2 - Products- This part defines in detail the materials, equipment, system, fixtures, etc. which will be incorporated
into the work.
71. Part 3- Execution- This part in detail the way items covered in part 2 are to be incorporated into the work.
72. Master Specifications- prewritten specifications that cover nearly all types of products, methods of installation and
other variables that relate to a specific product or construction activity.
73. MasterFormat- A uniform classification system for construction specifications that is divided into several sections;
used for organizing specifications.
74. 1: General Requirements- Includes most requirements that apply to the job as a whole or to several of the technical
sections, and especially the requirements sometimes referred to as special conditions.
75. 2: Sitework- Includes most subjects dealing with site preparation and development.
76. 3. Concrete- Includes most items traditionally associated with concrete work;exceptions are paving, piles,
waterproofing, and terrazzo.
77. 4: Masonry- Includes most materials traditionally installed by mason, exceptions are paving and interior flooring.
78. 5: Metals- Includes most structural metals and metals not falling under the specific provisions of other divisions;
exceptions are reinforcing steel, curtain walls, roofing, piles, doors and windows.
79. 6: Wood and Plastics- Includes most work traditionally performed by carpenters,; exceptions are wood fences,
concrete formwork, doors, windows and finish hardware.
80. 7: Thermal and Moisture protection- Includes most items normally associated with insulation and preventing the
passage of water vapor; exceptions are paint, waterstops and joints installed in concrete or masonry, and gaskets and
sealants.
81. 8: Doors and windows- Includes hardware, doors, windows and frames, metal and glass curtain walls, transparent
and translucent glazing; exceptions are glass block and glass mosaics.
82. 9: Finishes- Includes interior finishes not traditionally the work of the carpentry trade.
83. 10: Specialties- Includes factory-assembled, pre-finished items
84. 11: Equipment- Includes most items of specialized equipment
85. 12: Furnishings- includes: furniture, art, window treatments, multiple seating and manufactured (as opposed to
custom) casework.
86. 13: Special Construction- division 13 of master format
87. 14: Conveying Systems- division 14 of master format
88. 15: Mechanical- division 15 of master format
89. 16: Electrical- division 16 of master format
90. MasterSpec- developed by Production Systems for Architects and Engineers (PSAE),one of the most complete and
widely used guide specifications available.
91. Spectext- Published in CSI's (Constitute of Specification Institute) 16-division format; revised every 5 years; portions
of text are revised quarterly.
92. Cost planning
a. essential tool for monitoring budget from commencement of design to construction completion
b. accuracy relies on comprehensive drawings, specification + schedules
c. essential for overall success of project
93. Building Contract Sum- actual construction cost
94. Project Cost- construction cost plus contingency, professional fees + statutory charges
95. Tender Sum- builder submits a price for construction of a building based on drawings, specification, schedules, other
relevant information, must include necessary profit margin on the project.
96. Provisional Sum- allowance for cost of both supply + installation when full extent go work is not known at time of
tendering e.g., solar hws $4500 (form part of building contract sum).
97. Provisional Quantity- allowance for materials + labor quantities when the full extent of work is not known at time of
tender e.g., laying 50m2 of floor tiles.
98. Prime Cost Item- allowance for supply of materials only when an individual item has not been selected at time of
tender e.g., toilet suite $500.
99. Contingency- an amount of money not included in tender sum but allowed by the building owner for unforeseen
circumstances e.g., finding rock during excavation leading to additional work + time daly- expressed as a % of tender
sum e.g., 5%- this % will likely increase for a renovation project.
100. Building Contract Sum- prepare estimate of cost for building works using same methodology + showing same
key rates + level of detail for calculations (lecture 7), including all external works + provisional sum for supply +
installation of solar hot water system.
101. Project Cost- add allowances of 5% for building contingency + 7 1/2% for professional fees + statutory charges to
estimate cost for the building works to achieve an estimate of total.
102. Completion Time- time allowed under contract for builder to complete the works to practical completion (weeks).
103. Practical Completion- date when residence is suitable for occupation, concurrent with issue of certificate of
practical completion by builder certifier.
104. Extension of Time- extension to the date of practical completion for reasons beyond the reasonable control of the
builder, examples would be wet weather, delay in obtaining specified material, authorized strike or building owner
request to change the scope of work.
105. Variation- any change to scope of work to be done under a contract, may involve an increase, decrease of
substitution.
106. Liquidated Damages- amount of money per day written into contract to compensate the homeowner for any
costs/losses that they are likely to suffer if work is not completed by the builder within time allowed for in the contract.
107. Principal Caused Delay- builder entitled to extension of time, possibly with costs, where homeowner varies the
extent of work or delays the works to an extent that the builder cannot complete the works within the allowed
completion time.
108. Programming- an essential tool for designers and builders to monitor progress of a project.
109. Contract Completion Date- date by which the builder has tendered to finish the project, can be adjusted for
extension of time for wet weather or client changes.
110. Program Completion Date- actual estimated completion date
111. Critical Activity- subcontract work required to be complete before other trades can commence e.g., pouring of a
concrete slab.
112. Noncritical Activity- subcontract package that can generally take place with no impact on other trades e.g.,
fencing.
113. Cost estimation- approximation of a cost of a portion or a whole project.
114. Design Estimates- These estimates run parallel with the design and planning.
115. Bid Estimates- These estimates are submitted for negotiation or competitive bidding which consists of
construction costs plus a markup to cover general overhead and profits.
116. Bid estimate is derived from a combination of the following:
a. Subcontractor quotations
b. Quantity takeoffs
c. Construction procedures
117. Control Estimates- These estimates are in used monitoring the project during
construction.
118. Excavated earth volume- in excavation earth volume is equal to
119. 125 % loose volume (earthfill)- backfilling is equal to
120. Screening estimates- uses structures of similar size to compare cost.
121. Preliminary or conceptual estimates- coarse and rough estimates (an
assumption based on area, volume or bulk).
122. Detailed estimates- fine detail of quantities as plans and specifications
is broken down into components.
123. Work- The entire construction or separately identifiable parts thereof required to be furnished under the contract
documents.
124. Construction- All on-site work done from site preparation, excavation, foundation, assembly of all the components
and installation of utilities and equipment of buildings/ structures.
125. Erection- Installation in place of components of a building/ structure.
126. Addition- Any new construction which increases the height or area of an existing building/ structure.
127. Alteration- Construction in a building/ structure involving changes in the materials used, partitioning, location/ size
of openings, structural parts, existing utilities and equipment but does not increase the overall area thereof.
128. Renovation- Any physical change made on a building / structure to increase its value, utility and/or to improve its
aesthetic quality.
129. Conversion- A change in the use or occupancy of a building/ structure or any portion/s thereof which has different
requirements.
130. Repair- Remedial work done on any damaged or deteriorated portion/s of a building/ structure to restore its
original condition.
131. Moving- The transfer of any building/ structure or portions/s thereof from its original location or position to another,
either within the same lot or to a different one.
132. Demolition- The systematic dismantling or destruction of a building/ structure, in whole or in part.
133. Scope and Purpose- Outlines materials, methods, and standards for all structural elements in civil works.
134. Content and Organization- Organizes specifications into sections covering different aspects of the construction
project.
135. References and Standards- Includes relevant building codes, industry standards, and technical specifications for
compliance.
136. Finishes and Materials- Encompasses a wide range of finishes and materials for interior works.
137. Lighting and Electrical- Details lighting fixtures, electrical systems, and wiring layouts for interior works.
138. HVAC and Plumbing- Includes details for HVAC systems, plumbing fixtures, and water lines for interior works.
139. Customized Works- Crucial for projects with unique design features, bespoke elements, or specialized
requirements.
140. Factors to Consider in Specification Preparation- Guidelines including project scope, building codes, site
conditions, budget, client requirements, and more.
141. Construction Methods and Techniques- Outline the methods and techniques used for construction projects.
142. Quality Control and Inspection- Include provisions for ensuring construction work meets specified standards.
143. Sustainability and Environmental Considerations- Prioritize sustainable practices and minimize environmental
impact in construction projects.
144. Accessibility and Inclusivity- Address requirements to meet the needs of people with disabilities and promote
inclusivity.
145. Maintenance and Operations- Consider long-term maintenance and operational requirements for buildings or
infrastructure.
146. Effective Planning and Coordination of Specifications- Involves defining project scope, developing detailed
specifications, stakeholder review, coordination, and finalization.
147. Stakeholder Review and Feedback- Involves a comprehensive review process with key stakeholders to ensure
specifications meet project requirements.
148. Legal Compliance- Ensures specifications adhere to building codes, safety regulations, and local ordinances.
149. Technical Review- Ensures specifications meet industry standards, building codes, and best practices through
expert evaluation.
150. Final Approval- Specifications are finalized and approved by key stakeholders, becoming the official document
guiding the construction project.
151. Timeline: Bidding- Contractors submit RFIs; any revised dwgs are issued as an Addendum or Amendment during
the Bidding phase.
152. Where in the process are cost estimates done? Throughout
153. ROM (Rough Order of Magnitude)- term for early cost estimates
154. ROM estimate uses what type of numbers? Ballpark
155. What does the ROM estimate give the design team and client? An idea if the project is in budget or if the
design needs to be changed to get in budget.
156. Estimates following the ROM are also used to keep track of? Estimated Project Costs
157. What is submitted with each design phase? Cost Estimates
158. Contingency- added to cost estimates; percentage lowered as design progresses.It also covers uncertainties and
risks.
159. As design gets refined there are (more or less) unknowns, so the contingency is (raised or lowered)? less,
lowered
160. Contingency % at SD- 20%
161. Contingency % at DD- 15%
162. Contingency % Pre-Final/Final/Bid- 10% or even 5% if confident in costs
163. Who does cost estimates for landscape architects? landscape architects
164. Who does cost estimates for architects? cost estimator; send drawings and spec sections
165. Who supplies who with cost estimates for landscape architects? landscape architects provide cost estimates to
cost estimator
166. Cost estimator will often (keep or remove) landscape architects' contingencies? remove; apply an overall
contingency to the combined cost estimate of all the consultants' costs
167. First thing to do for cost estimates? Area Takeoffs
168. Cost estimate for ground covers? Total Square Footage; convert to number of plants
169. Items measured in linear feet for cost estimates? headers, root barriers, seat walls
170. Items measured in square footage for area takeoffs; often converted to cubic yards for estimate? soil, mulch,
gravel; often
171. Units for irrigation for area takeoffs- square foot amount based on planting area
172. Unit Cost- cost per measured unit of an item
173. Unit of Measurement- EA (each), SF (square feet), CY (cubic yard), SY (square yard), LS (lump sum), LF (linear
feet)
174. Lump Sum- the complete materials and installed cost of an item or service
175. Better to list ground cover in what units for area takeoffs? Square Footage
176. Who is responsible for providing full coverage at plant spacing specified? Contractor
177. Estimate- formulas to figure out the number of plants
178. What does unit cost often include? cost of material, delivery, and installation; sometimes estimates want
material cost separate from labor cost
179. How many days of maintenance is common? 90 days
180. Ki bases maintenance off what percent of what elements? 5% plant costs and other things that need
maintenance such as the irrigation system, cover mulch, etc.
181. To convert square feet to square yards, divide by? 9
182. To convert to cubic yards, you need to know the? Depth of material
183. Cubic yards example: 6" depth of soil converted to decimal feet? 0.5
184. Specs overrule drawings or drawings overrule specs in a discrepancy? specs overrule drawings
185. Specifications are turned in at? Each design phase
186. Specifications get more with each submittal? Refined
187. Specifications are organized by? Divisions
188. In the 1970s there were how many divisions? 16
189. What are the most common divisions for landscape architecture? Division 12 (Furnishings) and Division 32
(Exterior Improvements)
190. Within each division, there are? Numbered sections
191. Each specification has 3 parts which are? Part 1- General, Part 2- Products, and Part 3- Execution
192. General Part- lists reference standards that apply, things the contractor should submit for approval, testing
requirements, delivery and storage info, any construction restrictions, and other information.
193. Products Part- list requirements for the materials/products of the section.
194. Execution Part- goes over what to do during construction to prepare the site and install the materials/products;
also mentions any cleanup procedures.
195. Who maintains everything for the amount of time you state where? contractor; specifications
196. RFI- request for information; formal written process the contractor uses to get clarification on drawings, details, and
specifications
197. When do RFIs can be sent? during the bidding process so the contractor(s) can get a better idea of what the
design, details, or specifications are asking for
198. Designer provides a written response to an RFI in? a timely manner, often within a week or two of receiving
199. Waiting too long to respond to an RFI can? cause additional expenses, shipping delays, construction delays,
etc. while they wait; response itself can cause those same things
200. Selected contractor bases bid on? Architect’s final design
201. Contractor will send what listing to make changes? change order procedure (COP) listing additional cost to
make change
202. RFIs can be? one page with question; can include additional pages such as marked up drawings or specs
203. Based on your drawings, details, or specification section requirements, you may? Ask the contractor to provide
info on what they will be supplying or submit shop drawings
204. Submittals contain a? cover sheet that you provide your response; along with pages of product cut sheets
205. For an irrigation submittal contractors include? cut sheets of spray head models, PVC pipe, valves, controller,
etc.
206. On the cover sheet of a submittal there is a? submittal stamp
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 Cristina Miratlor

Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

o SPEC-DATA SHEETS — PRODUCERS

COUNCIL INC. , a national organization of
producers of building products Reforma, Harvin C

a
AGUITE, Rafael Jan

a a
Urag, Francis Gabriel J.

ESPINA, RENZ4

f
GF sercio, Alyssa Mikayl..

@ 33°C an r | a 1:10 pm
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 TYPES OF SPECIFICATIONS: E
o CLOSED SPECEICATIONS- only one .
material or process appears, or in which a \
description of a material is so detailed Reforma, HarvinC.
that only one product can qualify for use.
o OPEN SPECIFICATIONS — allows the use of 2 ri
AGUITE, Rafael Jan
a number of products that the
specifications writer deems equal and r
acceptable for the work. lg =
Urag, Francis Gabriel J.

ESPINA, RENZ

Sardido, Alyssa Mikayl..

@ 33°C an uy 2 | ENG zs 1:10 pm

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 Cristina Miratlor

Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

CLOSED SPECIFICATION
ROQUE, Mikel Erika M.

o EX: Mie.
o ASPHALT FLOOR TILE, 12 IN. X 12 IN. X 1/8 »« a
IN,JMARBLEIZED, GRADE C, AS MANUFACTURED icefredianitCsy
BY XYZ CORPORATION
© CASINGS SHALL BE 17 GA. GALVANIZED STEEL rr,
SHEET, FACTORY PRIMED COATED 2.5 MILS THICK ee
WITH ABC PRIMER EACH SIDE, BABY BLUE
COLOR# 1234, SECURED WITH 11/16 in. LONG BY
in. DIAMETER FLAT HEAD STAJNLESS STEEL a w.. o
SCREWS AT 3 3/16 in.o.c. etc. eS aes
ESPINA, RENZ

ESPINA, RENZ

=F
& Sardido, Alyssa Mikayl..

@ 33°C an uy 2 | ENG zs 1:17 pm

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 Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

OPEN SPECIFICATIONS
(-
ROQUE, Mikel Erika M.

o ASPHALT FLOOR TILE, 12 IN. X 12 IN. X 1/8

IN, MARBLEIZED, GRADE C, COLOR AS
SELECTED BY ARCHITECT, COMPLYING Reforma, Harvin C.

WITH REQUIREMENTS OF FEDERAL

SPECIFICATION SS-T-306. aA
AGUITE, Rafael Jan
© ASPHALT FLOOR TILE, 12 IN. X 12 IN. X 1/8
IN, MARBLEIZED, GRADE C, AS
MANUFACTURED BY ABC CO.; DEF CO.;
GHI CO.
ESPINA, RENZ

ESPINA, RENZ

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| & Sardido, Alyssa Mikayl...

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 e
ot |
Leoporalynn Sapungan

MANUFACTURER'S of om
SPECIFICATIONS
o WRITTEN BY MANUFACTURERS OF BUILDING
MATERIALS ABOUT THEIR VARIOUS
PRODUCTS AS AN ASSISTANCE TO THE
BUSY SPECIFICATIONS WRITER AND AS A
GUIDE TO TO POTENTIAL PURCHASERS OF
THEIR MATERIAL.
o WRITTEN TO SELL THEIR PARTICULAR
PRODUCT BY PRESENTING THE BEST

ROQUE, Mikel Erika M.

Vell

Reforma, Harvin C. |

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 on —

Leonioralynn Sapungan

Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

b =
| Muzones, Frances D J

© QUALIFICATIONS AND IN MOST CASES

THEY FAIL TO MENTION ANY DEFICIENCIES 3)
Dia, Annalou

te

Vanniell Bandoy

Cristina Miraflor

ROQUE, Mikel Erika M.

Pim -_ _

|
Reforma, Harvin C.

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 Leonoralynn Sapungan

PERFORMANCE fear Maureen Kyla

SPECIFICATIONS
L Muzones, FFranges D. el

o WRITTEN IN A MANNER THAT SETS FORTH ALL

OF THE REQUIREMENTS THE INSTALLATION OR
PRODUCT MUST MEET BUT DOES NOT STATE 9)
Dia, Annalou
HOW.
o ALLOWS THE METHODS, AND SOMETIMES THE &[—

MATERIAL TO BE SELECTED BY THE

CONTRACTOR, WHO THEN ASSUMES Vanniell Bandoy

RESPONSIBILITY THAT THE METHODS OR

MATERIALS HE SELECTS WILL PRODUCE THE
DESIRED END RESULT Cristina Miraflor

ROQUE, Mikel Erika M.

ag ell

_
Reforma, Harvin c.™

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 Leonoralynn Sapungan

etre Maureen Kyla

STREAMLINED SPECIFICATIONS ye
[2 suzones | Frances D. Jl)

© SHORTER VERSION
o ELIMINATE CERTAIN WORDS THAT MAY
NOT BE NECESSARY TO THE REQUIRED
MEANING
Vanniell Bandoy

Cristina Miraflor

ROQUE, Mikel Erika M.

F| _J

Reforma, Harvin c. #

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Now 22/08/2024
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Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

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“Dia, AAtuice

o NORMAL
o MILLWORK SHALL BE ACCURATELY MILLED %
BY THE CONTRACTOR TO THE DETAILS Manlellandoy
SHOWN, WITH CLEAN-CUT MOULDINGS AND
SHALL BE SCRAPED AND SANDED SMOOTH,
COMPLETE WITH MORTISE AND TENON Cristina [}
JOINTS, AND FASTENED IN A MANNER TO
AVOID ANY WARPING OR SPEITTING OF
MATERIAL (42 WORDS) # ROQUE,
Mikel Erika M.

ml ow ~s|
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Reforma, Harvin C.

Morales, Nicolo Gabrie...

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 | ines , Frances
et al

A
Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

o STREAMLINED REVISION
o MILLWORK; ACCURATELY MILLED TO
DETAILS; CLEAN CUT MOULDINGS; SCRAPED Wanniell Bandoy

AND SANDED; MORTISE AND TENON

JOINED; FASTENED TO AVOID WARPING OR
SPLITTING. (21 WORDS) Cristina Miratlor

f
=
Urag, Francis Gabriel J.

=... ial

-y
Reforma, Harvin C.

vontNicolo Gabrie..

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zoom
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+ Muzones, Frances D,

Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

PRELIMINARY SPECIFICATIONS &

i
Dia, Annalou

0 FIRST LISTING OF MATERIALS OR METHODS

REQUIRED BY THE PROJECT .
Vanniell Bandoy

#
Cristina Miratlor

=. i
% Urag, Frantis Gabriel J.

a =
Reforma, Harvin C.

a i
— Nicolo Gabrie...

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1:42 pm
a o/8/2024
 [2 Muzones, Piaite! 0. 4

Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

TABULATION SPECIFICATIONS =)“aa

o STYLE RATHER THAN A TYPE
o PREPRINTED, WITH HEADINGS AND INSERT :
SPACES FOR VARIOUS ITEMS REQUIRED ON os aa
THE PROJECT.
0 EX: INCLUDED ARE SUCH ITEMS AS JOIST Cristina Miratlor
. (SPACE IS FILLED IN WITH
APPROPRIATE SIZE AND GRADE.

Morales, Nicolo Gabrie..

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Construction 22/08/2024
 | Muzones,F Frances D, al

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Ricafort, Maureen eye

TABULATION SPECIFICATIONS
o STYLE RATHER THAN A TYPE
o PREPRINTED, WITH HEADINGS AND INSERT
SPACES FOR VARIOUS ITEMS REQUIRED ON
THE PROJECT,
0 EX: INCLUDED ARE SUCH ITEMS AS JOIST
. (SPACE IS FILLED IN WITH
APPROPRIATE SIZE AND GRADE.

Morales, Nicolo Gabrie...

@ sxc
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 [Le tuz
Muzones; Frances D,

Rion Maureen Kyla

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LZ Dia, Annalou

© NO COMPLETE SENTENCES OR
DESCRIPTIONOF ANY METHODS ARE
INCLUDED. THE METHOD TO BE USED MAY varlriell andoy
BE CHOSEN BY REFERENCE TO STANDARD
METHODS OF A GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY
OR TRADE ASSOCIATION Cristina Miratlor

Urag, Francis Gabriel J.

om

7
oes Harvin C.

Morales, x
N Gabrie...

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Muzones, Frances D.

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Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

SPECIFICATIONS LANGUAGE, )\ |

o MUST BE ABLE TO CONVEYA CLEAR,

EXACT AND READILY UNDERSTOOD sian
MEANING OF WHAT IS INTENDED.
© SHOULD BE WRITTEN IN AS SIMPLE Cristina Miratlor
LANGUAGE AS POSSIBLE SO THAT NO
MISUNDERSTANDING OF WORDS IS
POSSIBLE.

Morales, Nicolo Gabrie...

32°C ar \ ENG ja 1:48 pm

e... mm & Search - fi +) = 22/08/2024 a &
 LZ Muzones, Frances D, |

Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

aos ryFS Le
Dia, Annalou

o IF TECHNICAL'TERMS ARE NECESSARY, THEY

SHOULD BE THOSE USED INCOMMON Ms
PRACTICE AND EASILY ASSOCIATED WITH annie pando
LOCAL USAGE.

Cristina Miratlor

Ez
Urag, Francis
Fr _Gal

rion
Reforma, Harvin C.

ry
Morales, Nicolo
Nic | Gabrié...

32°C Yu ie | 1:50
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 | Espanol Rafael Luis ¥ | |

Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

THREE IMPORTANT C'S perenne

Maranion, Mark Joel P.

o CLEAR : y/, | \
- SO THAT THERE IS NO AMBIGUITY +r te

: Renee Cundilian. fy
© CORRECT
Your internet connection is unstable

Cristina Miratlor

o CONCISE
o TO SAY WHAT IS NECESSARY IN AS FEW Tle
WORDS AS POSSIBLE Urag, Francis GabrielJ.

[2 Muzones, Frances D,

Morales, Nicolo Gabrie...

32°C ar \ . | ENG ja 1:54 pm

e... mm & Search - I fi +) = 22/08/2024 a &
 a
Espanol Rafael Luis ¥ |

Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

Maranion, Mark...

Maranion, Mark Joel P.

o GOOD SPECIFICATIONS ARE ACHIEVED YN

WHEN THE WRITTEN WORD MOST CLOSELY Sa
APPROXIMATES THE SPOKEN WORD of Ache
twat
RELATING TO THE SAME SUBJECT
Cristina Miratlor

TT.
Urag, Francis Gabriel J.

| Muzones; Frances D,

a
Morales, Nicolo Gabrié...

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zoom View IE
Workplace v oF Meeting fa Cristina Miraflor's screen © Recording

| Espanol Rafael Luis YJ |

Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

Maranion, Mark...

Maranion, Mark Joel P.

o PROPER GRAMMAR
o USE OF WORDS IN THEIR EXACT MEANING
o USE OF SIMPLE WORDS RATHER THAN
UNFAMILIAR TERM
0 AVOIDANCE OF COMPLICATED SENTENCE
STRUCTURE
© SENTENCES SHOULD BE SHORT AND -_
STRAIGHT TO THE POINT ——

4)
{ Muzones, Frances D,

Morales, Nicolo Gabrie...

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 Espanol Rafael Luis ¥

Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

Maranion, Mark...
[
Maranion, Mark Joel P.

o PARAGRAPHS SHOULD CONTAIN RELATED /A

INFORMATION nt!
0 SECTIONS OR DIVISIONS SHOULD HAVE THE REE Eundation
SAME SUBJECT MATTER
Cristina Miratlor

T=
Urag, Francis Gabriel J.

Muzones, Frances D,

PERU, GABRIEL DEBER...

bya Yu ie | 2:02
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 Espanol Rafael Luis ¥ | |

Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

AVOID Maranon, Mark..

Maranion, Mark Joel P.

o AFORESAID, HERETOFORE, THEREFORE, [AR

SAID SO-AND-SO, PREVIOUSLY INDICATED ; >
(LAWYER'S JARGON) Nice Lis Sandal

0 TOTHE SATISFACTION OF THE ARCHITECT

fe] ADDITIONAL TESTS MAY BE REQUIRED Cristina Miratlor

“
J Urag, Francis Gabriel J.

Muzones, Frances D,

PERU, GABRIEL DEBER...

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 r x Espafiol Rafael Luis ¥

Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

MANDATORY CONSTRUCTION Maranion, Mark...

Maranion, Mark Joel P.

0 INSTRUCTIONS TO CONTRACTOR AND |;

SUPPLIERS OF MATERIALS AND SHOULD : *
INDICATE EXACTLY WHIAT IS EXPECTED HATE Bundaian)
AND WHAT WILL BE ACCEPTED.
0 SPECIFICATIONS ARE MANDATORY TO
Cristina Miratlor
CONTRACTOR
0 TO BE MANDATORY, THEY MUST BE 7.
IMPERATIVE. ¥ Urag, Frantis GabrielJ.

Muzones, Frances D,

PERU, GABRIEL DEBER...

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AGUITE, Rafael Jan

o USE THE WORD “SHALL” AND NOT “WILL”

0 “SHALL” MEANS THAT IT IS A COMMAND OR he
DEMAND | & PENA, VICTOR MIGUEL

o IT TELLS THE CONTRACTOR THAT HE IS ell

EXPECTED TO DO SOMETHING in ys
Reforma, Harvin C,
o THE USE OF “WILL” ALLOWS THE READER A
FREEDOM TO DO OR NOTTO DO IF ITIS
CONVENIENT TO HIM.
# ROQUE, Mikel Erika M.

RAMOS, Rasheya lole J...

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Dia, Annalou

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Morales, Nicolo Gabrie...

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AGUITE, Rafael Jan

0 INDICATIVE MQOD (NORMAL LANGUAGE)

o THE CONTRACTOR SHALL SET ALL SCREWS
WITH A SCREWDRIVER.

0 IMPERATIVE MOOD Reforma, Harvin C.

o SET ALL SCREWS WITH SCREWDRIVER

a)
# ROQUE, Mikel Erika M.

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AGUITE, Rafael Jan

o INCORRECT:
o THE CARPENTER SHALL SET ALL CABINETS a
LEVEL. ( Prievicrok MIGUEL

o THE PLASTERING CONTRACTOR SHALL a

PROVIDE CORNER-BEAD AT ALL CORNERS \

° CO RRECT: Reece (@

o THE CONTRACTOR SHALL SET ALL CABINETS x»

LEVEL
0 THE CONTRACTOR SHALL PROVIDE CORNER- # ROQUE, Mikel Erika M.
BEAD AT ALL CORNERS
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PUNCTUATION mid
£ a,

AGUITE, Rafael Jan

o MAY CHANGE THE MEANING OF A

SENTENCE BY ITS INSERTION OR OMISSION.

Reforma, Harvin C.

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ESCAPE CLAUS ES,

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Morales, Nicolo Gabrie...

GRANDFATHER CLAUSES Gace |

AGUITE, Rafael Jan

o IN THE OPINION OF THE ARCHITECT

0 AS SELECTED BY THE ARCHITECT yf
0 AS THE ARCHITECT MAY DIRECT i
— |
aa
0 TO THE SATISFACTION OF THE ARCHITECT =m ae
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0 THEY SAY PRACTICALLY NOTHING Reforma, Harvin C.
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# ROQUE, Mikel Erika M.

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(2021101903) Albito, ...

Morales, Nicolo Gabrie..

&
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AGUITE, Rafael Jan

o ANY: IMPLIES A CHOICE WHEN NO

CHOICE MAY BE INTENDED, FOR EXAMPLE
o “ANY SURFACE NOT PROPERLY FINISHED AF PaRIA VICTOR MIGUEL
SHALL BE REMOVED AND REPLACED” ~~ ; »
o THIS COULD MEAN THAT NOT ALL a
IMPROPERLY FINISHED SURFACES WOULD BE ofome ervin C
REMOVED AND REPLACED. IN THIS CASE ay
THE USE OF THE WORD ALL IN PLACE OF .
ANY WOULD BE MORE APPROPRIATE sie
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~ Dia, OL
Annalou
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o EITHER: A “TAKE-YOUR-CHOICE” WORD,

FOR EXAMPLE
o “PROVIDE GLASS SIDELIGHTS ON EITHER SIDE [4 Petia, victor MIGUEL
OF THE DOOR.” THE RIGHT SIDE OR THE LEFT a el
SIDE2 i
| Reforma, Harvin C.
“PROVIDE GLASS SIDELIGHTS ON
° BETTER:

BOTH SIDES OF THE DOOR.” ay

# ROQUE, Mikel Erika M.

* RAMOS, Rasheya Iole J...

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—
ESPINA, RENZ

Verutiao, Germagne P.

Manlapig, Bianca Janin..

© MUST: USE SHALL INSTEAD. IN ADDITION TO

A DIFFERENCE IN DEGREE OF OBLIGATION,
MUST IS OFTEN AN IRRITATING WORD TO De guzman, Percival, U.
SOME PEOPLE

JACINTO, Julia B:

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FELONIA, PATRICK JA...

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 Ricafort, Mauneen Kyla

Maranion, Mark Joel P.

o SAME, SAID: THESE WORDS ARE CARRY /AK

OVERS FROM ATTORNEY'S LANGUAGE ae
AND DO VERY LITTLE TO CLARIFY tout a
SPECIFICATIONS. “THE CONTRACTOR
SHALL INSPECT THE WORK AND REPAIR
ANY DAMAGE TO SAME" CAN BE MADE Citing ile
MORE POSITIVE BY WRITING “REPAIR ALL
DAMAGED WORK.” | ——
Urag, Francis Gabriel J.

Muzones, Frances D,

PERU, GABRIEL DEBER...

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 | Espanol Rafael Luis ¥ ;

Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

EXACT WORD"MEANINGS
o GAGE, CALK: GAGE = GAUGE: 7, | \enn :
CALK=CAULK AN
o NON: INFLAMMABLE IS SAME AS Nick Luis Bundelian ,
FLAMMABLE. THE CORRECT WORD IS
NONFLAMMABLE e)
o BALANCE, REMAINDER: BALANCE — AN Cin MR
INSTRUMENT FOR WEIGHING, REMAINDER +
IS “ANYTHING LEFT AFTER THE REMOVAL OF a, Si
A PART.” Urag, Frantis Gabriel J.

Muzones, Frances D,

PERU, GABRIEL DEBER...

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Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

Maranion, Mark Joel P.

o A WORKMANLIKE JOB: THIS MEANS Y\"-%

»DIFFERENT THINGS TO DIFFERENT PEOPLE. er
THE REQUIREMENT FOR A “HIGH-CLASS Wick Luis Bundalian
JOB" OR A “FIRST-CLASS JOB” SHOULD BE
SPELLED OUT
Cristina Miratlor

J Uragy Francis Gabriel J.

Muzones, Frances D,

PERU, GABRIEL DEBER...

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 | Espafiol Rafael Luis ¥ | |

Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

UNIFORM SYSTEM
Maranion, Mark Joel P.

0 LIST SIXTEEN DIVISIONS ORGANIZED TO

FOLLOW GENERAL CONSTRUCTION
PROGRESS ON A PROJECT. DIVISIONS
SHOULD BE CONSTANT IN SEQUENCE,
SHORT IN NAME, AND DESCRIPTIVE IN TITLE.
Cristina Miratlor

% Rellés, Sigmund Ken M.

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Muzones, Frances D.

PERU, GABRIEL DEBER...

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 ficafort, Maureen Kyla

DIVISION ARRANGEMENT *+
wi we
FRANCES (DE LEOZ) M..

0 DIVISION 1 — GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

0 DIVISION 2 — SITE WORK
ERADORA Thea Patric.
0 DIVISION 3-— CONCRETE
0 DIVISION 4— MASONRY
0 DIVISION 5 — METALS | Dia, Annalee

0 DIVISION 6- WOOD AND PLASTICS

0 DIVISION 7 —- THERMAL AND MOISTURE a a

PROTECTION

TIGBAO, Vella

*FAMOS, Rasheya ole J...

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Cristina Miratlor

Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

A ea wl
-

FRANCES (DE LEOZ) M.

0 DIVISION 8 — DOORS, WINDOWS AND
GLASS wa

0 DIVISION 9 — FINISHES ERADORA, Thea Patrici...

0 DIVISION 10 — SPECIALTIES .

0 DIVISION 11 — EQUIPMENT Morales, Nicolo Gabrie...

0 DIVISION 12 — FURNISHINGS .
0 DIVISION 13 — SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION TIGBAO, Vella L.
0 DIVISION 14— CONVEYING SYSTEM
a
RAMOS, Rasheya Iole J.

a
FELONIA, PATRICK JA...

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ENG px 10:34 am
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Breaking news
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 Cristina Miratlor

Ricafort, Maureen Kyla

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FRANCES (DE LEOZ) M..

0 DIVISION 15 — MECHANICAL
0 DIVISION 16 - ELECTRICAL
tb ERADORA, Thea Patrici...

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Morales, Nicolo Gabrie...

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TIGBAO, Vella L,

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DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEMS
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SUBMITTALS
TIME SCHEDULES
SHOP DRAWINGS
SAMPLES
MANUFACTURERS’ MANUALS Cristina Miratlor

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MOCK UP
MODELS
SAMPLE PANELS
ASSEMBLIES
PRODUCT HANDLING
DELIVERY
STORAGE
SPECIAL HANDLING

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PROTECTION
PAINT DROPCLOTHS Morales, Nicolo Gabrie..
FIRE EQUIPMENT
RUBBISH REMOVAL
CLEANING AND CLEANUP er
Cristina Miratlor
CLEANUP — PERIODIC CLEANING UP OF TRASH
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EXTRA STOCK
MAINTENANCE MATERIALS
SPARE PARTS.

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MATERIALS "
MIXES # Morales, Nicolo Gabrie...
MIXING OF PLASTER, CONCRETE, ASPHALT
PAVING
FABRICATION
DOOR SYSTEMS, WINDOW Cristina Miratlor
COMBINATIONS, TOILET PARTITIONS, STRUCTURAL 2 7 :
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QUALITY CONTROL :
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_) MAUREEN KYLA RICAF..

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ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS i id
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TEMPERATURE
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