Mobikwik Interview

Questions For SDETs

Q& Round 1: Technical Assignment

| was given a challenging task to automate a provided API

using curl and validate the response with Rest Assured. This
round tested my ability to apply essential field checks and
ensure that all elements were non-empty.

, Round 2: Technical Deep Dive This round was a deep

dive into my technical expertise and understanding:
lati! Project Overview: | explained my current work with the
Robot Framework, diving into the project structure and
automation framework.
& Comparison of Tools: Discussed the fundamental
differences between the Robot Framework and Rest
Assured.
Annotations in Rest Assured: | explained the @Test
annotation and its usage. eal OOP Concepts: Delved into
the differences between Abstract classes and Interfaces,
discussing when to use each.
( Code Review: Walked through the code | wrote for the
automation assignment, explaining my approach.
1. conor Sie your puestions |

2. Have you used POM in your framework?

3. What is Page Factory?

4. Suppose you have 7 pages in your application then to

achieve POM what u will do?

5. Have you used interface in your framework other then

selenium interfaces?

6. What are all the selenium interfaces?

7. Synchronization in selenium? syntax for implicit wait

8. How u will handle popup window ?other then get window

handle

9. What is Listeners?

10. How u will handle alert?

11. How to get system date and time?

12. How to connect to database?

13. Exceptions in selenium?

14. Suppose u have class and abstract class in class there Is

a user defined constructor and main method which one will
get execute first?

15. Primitives and Non Primitives datatypes in java? String is

primitive or non primitive

16. What is Hashmap ? Can we store objects in hash map

and how to retrieve them?

17. What is Jenkins?

18. What is the use of Pom.xml?

19. What is the use of testng.xml?

20. Annotations used in page object model?

ys out.printin(str.length());
Explanation: Returns the number of characters in the string.

System.out.printin(str.charAt(5)):
Explanation: Returns the character at the specified index (0-
based).

I nei strindexor's;

Explanation: Returns the index of the first occurrence of the

specified character.

System.out.printin(str.indexOf('s', str.indexOf('s') + 1));

Explanation: Returns the index of the next occurrence of the
specified character after the given index.

System.out.printin(str.indexOf("have")):
Explanation: Returns the index of the first occurrence of the

specified substring.

System.out.printin(str.indexOf("hello"));
Explanation: Returns -1 if the substring is not found.
ystem.out.printin(str.equals(str1));
Explanation: Compares two strings for equality (case-
sensitive).

System.out.printin(str.equalsignoreCase(str1));
Explanation: Compares two strings for equality (case-
insensitive).

System.out.printin(str.substring(0, 9));
Explanation: Returns a new string that is a substring of the
original string.

ring s =" Hello World ";

System.out.printin(s.trim());
Explanation: Removes whitespace from both ends of the
string.

System.out.printin(s.replace(" ", ""));

Explanation: Replaces all occurrences of a character or
substring with another character or substring.

String date = "01-01-2017";

System.out.printin(date.replace("-", "/"));
Explanation: Replaces all occurrences of "-" with "/".
String test = "Hello_World_Test_Selenium";
String[] testval = test.split("_");

for (int i = 0; i < testval.length; i++) {

System.out.printin(testval[i]);

Explanation: Splits the string into an array of substrings

based on the specified delimiter.

Bien a = _

System.out.printin(s2.concat("s"));
Explanation: Concatenates the specified string to the end of
this string.

aaa ox= - Sjanaaaeaiaieaieaas”

String y = "World":
int a = 100;
int b = 200;

System.out.printin(x + y);

System.out.printin(a + b);

System.out.printin(x + y +a+b);

System.out.printin(a + b + x + y);

System.out.printin(x + y + (a + b));

Explanation: Concatenates strings using the + operator.

Note the order of operations.

}
ODET interview questions - 4yrs

1. Write a Java program to find the factorial for positive and

negative integers?

2. How to handle dynamic webelements. Write code and

xpath for -> Amazon top right "Account & Lists", store all
the webelements from there and print all.

3. Write code using dataprovider to pass username and

password?

4. How do you run parallel tests in your framework?

5. How do you set up CI/CD for your framework using github

actions, give steps, components and files you will create.

6. How do you handle stale element exceptions?

7. What are different waits in selenium and write code

snippets for all?

8. How to handle dropdowns in selenium?

9. Scenario: John has multiple accounts and he often gets

confused with the account numbers. He has a habit of
writing down his account numbers with dashes for easy
remembering, like "123-456-789". But our application does
not accept account numbers in this format.

Task: Write a Java function that takes an account number

string as input, removes any non-numeric characters from
the string, and returns the cleaned account number. The
function should also check if the cleaned account number is
exactly 9 digits long, and return an error message if it's not.

String str="123-456-789"//123456789

10. On what basis you decide what to automate and what

not?

11. What is functional and Non functional testing?

12. What are the different types of testing we do while doing

API testing?

13. Explain your automation framework folder structure?

14. What is the use of runner in github actions?

1. Tell me about yourself? Your tech stack expertise, your
current roles and responsibilities, Automation frameworks
so far you have worked on.

2. What is a keyword driven framework?

3. What are DBs you have worked on so far?

4. How to connect to oracle db via test automation? write a

code piece for that?

5. How to connect to postgres db via test automation? write

a code piece for that?

6. Tell me/Exact name the instance from your framework

where you have used polymorphism?

7. What is abstraction?

8. What are the differences between abstract classes and

interfaces? Where you have use both in your framework.

9. How to fetch data from nested json via rest assured?

10. How do you validate API? What are the challenges you
have faced while doing AP| automation?

11. What is static?

12. What are the dependencies you have added while

setting up the API automation framework?

13. What is the use of Hamcrest dependency?

14. Write a java code to check if the no is armstrong or not?

EQ. Tb/.

15. Write a java code to reverse each word of the given

sentence? “| am a Software Tester" -> “| maa erawtfoS
retseT".

16. Have you worked on Linux commands? Name them?

17. What is the linux command for copy file from one folder
to another folder?

18. Write java code to read data from excel file?

19. What is git rebase and when do you use this?

20. How you resolve conflicts using command line?

21. When do you use try catch block?

99 \Alhat ic the diffaranra hatwean final and finally?
Basics Programs for

SDET/QA Interview

find the frequency of each element in the array

print the duplicate elements of an array

print the elements of an array in reverse order

print the largest element in an array

print the smallest element in an array

print the sum of all the items of the array

sort the elements of an array in ascending order

find Second Largest Number in an Array

find Second Smallest Number in an Array

print Odd and Even Numbers from an Array

remove all the white spaces in a string

Write a code In Java to prove that String objects are

immutable

program to count the number of words in a string

program to check whether a string is a Palindrome
Reverse a string

Remove Leading zeros

Print first letter of each word in a string

Given a string s, find the length of the longest substring

without repeating characters
1. Introduce yourself

2. Write a test case for the scenario where the search

button on Amazon was not working, and you raised an issue.
3. Write complete steps for navigating to Google in
Selenium

4. What is WebDriver? Interface or class

5. Can't we write ChromeDriver() instead of WebDriver, and

why?

6. Do you know the difference between class and

interfaces?

7. Why can't we write class logic in the interface instead of

writing in class implementing it?

8. Later, they asked me to proceed further and log in to

Google and verify whether you were able to log in
successfully. They asked me to write this as per my
project's framework, such as how you are calling drivers and
browsers and how you are extending from parent classes
and POM structure as well.
9, Java program to find 2nd max element from an array and
later asked to debug.

10. Did you develop the framework for your project?

11. Later asked for POJO classes and how | am sending

requests and extracting responses in API automation. Write
the logic

12. Do u know Jenkins can you build a pipeline?

13. Can we use the script to create the Jenkins pipeline?

14. Do you know Linux? Write a Linux command to create a

file.

15. Two SQL queries were asked:

Emp ID EMP Name Salary

1 Rajesh 2000

2 Akash 3000

3 Om 4000

2 Ak 5000

16. Fetch 2nd and then 3rd largest salary of emp with name.
17. Fetch duplicate emp ID records from the employee table.
1. Common question( Intro+ project + framework
architecture)

2. Data selection in Calendar, Excel iteration then send

values to text box.

3. What are Idempotent methods? How is it relevant in

RESTful web

services domain?

4. Based on what factors, you can decide which type of web

services you

need to use — SOAP or REST?

5. What is Payload in terms of RESTful web services?

6. importance of API documentation in API automation
testing?

7. Have you integrated automation testing into Cl/CD

pipelines before?

8. Explain PSVM, SYSOUT?

9. Jenkins and GIT

10. Basic selenium question and sql?

1. Common question (Intro)

2. Java(Collection Questions only)

3. Java Programming (Sort array in reverse order)

4. How do you handle maintenance and updates of

automated test scripts?

5. Does finally {} block always run?

6. Automate one page (Login-Add to cart Assert-logout-

Reporting).

1. In manual testing, it takes 10 minutes, whereas in

automation, it takes

10 minutes to check a functionality, so what would be your

preference? and

Why?

2. how comfortable are you with programming languages

other than Java

Selenium?

3. How do we identify what can be automated?

4. Can you discuss a challenging automation project you've

worked on and

how you overcame obstacles?

5. How do you stay updated with the latest trends and best
practices in

automation testing?

6. Normal discussion about previous work? What you like

the most?
public class BubbleSort

public static void main(String[] args)

int n, c, d, temp;

int array[] = { 500, 300, 200, 400, 100 };

n = array.length;

System.out.printlin("Array Before Bubble Sort");

for (int i = @; i < array.length; i++)

System.out.print(array[i] + " ");

}
// Sorting
temp = @;

for (int i = @; i < nj; i++)

for (int j = 1; j < (n - i); j++)

{
if (array[j - 1] > array[j])
{
temp = array[j - 1];
array[j - 1] = array[j];
array[j] = temp;
}
}

System.out.printin() ;

System.out.printin("Array After Bubble Sort");

for (int i = @; i < array.length; i++)

{
}

System.out.print(array[i] + " ");

Scenario based

Selenium questions

- Your Automation script is failing due to a change in the

application. How do you handle this?

- Your Automation scripts are running slowly. How can you

improve the speed?

- How would you automate a scenario where you need to

verify if a user is able to scroll down a webpage until the
footer section is visible?

- You are asked to automate a functionality that is not yet

fully developed. How do you handle this?

- You've been asked to automate a legacy application. What

is your approach?

- How would you handle pop-up windows or alert boxes in

your Automation script?
Binary Search Program

public class BinarySearch

{
public static void main(String args[])

{
int c, first, last, middle, n, search_element;

int array[] = { 108, 200, 308, 408, 500 };

search_element = 280;
n = array. length;

first = @;
last = nm - 1;
middle = (first + Last) / 2;

while (first <= Last)

if (array[middle] < search_element)

first = middle + 1;
else if (array[middle] == search_eLement)

System.out.println(search_element + “ found at location

+ (middle + 1) 4 ".");
break;
} else
Last = middle - 1;

middle = (first + Last) / 2;

}
if (first > Last)
System.out.println(search_element + " isn’t present in the
list.\n");
Flipkart Interview

Questions-SDET-III

1) Write a script that simulates 1000 concurrent users

hitting an endpoint.

2) Write a function to validate if a given string is a valid

email address. Consider edge cases like missing "@"
symbol, multiple "@" symbols, and invalid characters.

3) Write a script to test a REST API that handles CRUD

operations. The script should validate the responses, handle
exceptions, and ensure that all operations are correctly
executed.

4) Write methods to serialize and deserialize a binary tree

to/from a string.

5) Write a code to find the LCA of two nodes in a binary

tree.

6) Write a Java method to find the length of the longest

substring without repeating characters in a given string.
Oracle Interview

Questions for SDETs

4+ Years Experience

1. Introduce yourself

2. Write a test case for the scenario where the search

button on Amazon was not working, and you raised an issue.
3. Write complete steps for navigating to Google in
Selenium

4. What is WebDriver? Interface or class

5. Can't we write ChromeDriver() instead of WebDriver, and

why?

6. Do you know the difference between class and

interfaces?

7. Why can't we write class logic in the interface instead of

writing in class implementing it?
8. Later, they asked me to proceed further and log in to
Google and verify whether you were able to log in
successfully. They asked me to write this as per my
project’s framework, such as how you are calling drivers and
browsers and how you are extending from parent classes
and POM structure as well.

9. Java program to find 2nd max element from an array and

later asked to debug.

10. Did you develop the framework for your project?

11. Later asked for POJO classes and how | am sending

requests and extracting responses in API automation. Write
the logic

12. Do u know Jenkins can you build a pipeline?

13. Can we use the script to create the Jenkins pipeline?

14. Do you know Linux? Write a Linux command to create a

file.

15. Two SQL queries were asked:

Emp ID EMP Name Salary

1 Rajesh 2000

2 Akash 3000

3 Om 4000

2 Ak 5000

16. Fetch 2nd and then 3rd largest salary of emp with name.
17. Fetch duplicate emp ID records from the employee table.
SQL Interview

Questions For SDETs

1. Basic SQL Queries:

- Fetch all columns from a table:
- SELECT * FROM table_name;
- Get distinct values from a column:
- SELECT DISTINCT column_name FROM table_name;
- Retrieve top N records from a table:
- SELECT * FROM table_name LIMIT N;

2. Filtering and Sorting:

- Filter rows where a column equals a value:

- SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name =

value;

- Filter rows within a range:

- SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name

BETWEEN value AND value2;

- Retrieve rows with NULL values in a column:

- SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name |S

NULL;

- Sort result set in ascending/descending order:

- SELECT * FROM table_name ORDER BY column_name

ASC/DESC;
3. Aggregate Functions:

- Count total rows:

- SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table_name;

- Calculate average, sum, min, max:

- SELECT AVG(column_name), SUM(column_name),

MIN(column_name), MAX(column_name) FROM
table_name;

- Group and calculate aggregates:

- SELECT column_name, AVG(salary) FROM table_name

GROUP BY column_name;

4. Joins:

- INNER, LEFT, RIGHT, FULL joins explained:

- INNER: Retrieve common rows from both tables.

- LEFT: All rows from the left table and matching rows
from the right.

- RIGHT: All rows from the right table and matching from
the left.

- FULL: All rows from both tables.

- Retrieve data from multiple tables:

- SELECT * FROM table1 JOIN table2 ON

table1.column_name = table2.column_name;

5. Subqueries:

- Using a subquery to retrieve data:

- SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name IN

(SELECT column_name FROM another_table);

- Comparing values between tables:

- SELECT * FROM table1 WHERE column_name = (SELECT

column_name FROM table2 WHERE condition);
6. Data Modification:

- Insert new record:

- INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, ...)

VALUES (value, value2, ...);

- Update records:

- UPDATE table_name SET column_name = new_value

WHERE condition;

- Delete records:

- DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition;

7. Table Design and Constraints:

- Primary key vs. Foreign key differences:

- Primary key uniquely identifies a record, while a foreign

key links to another table s primary key.

- Design a table schema:

- Create table with appropriate columns, primary keys, and

foreign keys.

8. Advanced Queries:

- Retrieve the nth highest (or lowest) value:

- SELECT column_name FROM table_name ORDER BY

column_name DESC LIMIT n-1, 1;
Barclays Interview Questions for QA

1. Explain about your profile and experience, skill set in brief.

2. Do you know OOPs concepts and the framework where
and how you have implemented them?

3. Can we declare a private class?

4. What is the difference between == and equals?

5. How is string immutable?

6. Where do strings get stored, and where does reference

get stored?

7. Can you please explain the memory location and how the
string is immutable?

8. What can be used if you do not want to use the String

class?

9. Difference between String and StringBuffer.

10. What collections have you used? Have you used

HashMap?

11. List declaration?

12. Where used Set?

13. You have an application like Flipkart, and you want to buy
a pen, so you have added that item two times to the cart
using the add to cart button, but in the cart, only one entry
for the item should be displayed with quantity as 2, so how
you'll test this?

14. Numbers 1 to 100 will be flashed on the screen only

once, and you must find the missing number.

15. | have a table and want to store all table data; which
collection should be used and why?

16. What will HashMap return?

17. How do we achieve inheritance without having an

interface?

18. Where in the framework have you used Method

overloading and method overriding?

19. If | want my class not to be extended and another class

cannot create an instance, how do! declare a class?

20. How do you store multiple values in one reference?

21. In cucumber, in which class do you have gluecode, how

many classes for gluecode, and what was the program line
limit for the class?

22. How do we find missing implementation in Cucumber?

23. Used static data or dynamic data, what was the
approach?

24. How do you resolve conflicts while pushing code in Git?

25. Write a program to merge two sorted arrays.

26. Input: a[] = {1,3,5,7,9} b[]={2,4,6,8}

27. Output: C[]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}

28. What is Shift Left testing, and where do we use it?

ANZ Bank - QA Interview Questions

1. Tell me about yourself.

2. What are the various selenium components, and which

components are you using?

3. How do you inspect elements?

4. What are the various locators you are using in your day-
to-day life?

5. Write syntax for XPath?

6. Write a syntax to initialize the webdriver.

7. Explain absolute and relative XPath with an example

8. Explain your project and framework

9. How do you get the data from the Excel sheet?

10. Where do you use java in selenium webdriver?

11. What is oops?

12. Explain the abstraction concept with an example.

13. Explain the inheritance concept with an example.

14. Explain method overloading and Method overriding with

an example.

15. What is an interface? Explain with an example.

16. Write a basic selenium script.

17. Explain the defect life cycle.

18. Write a syntax to select a value from the drop-down.

19. Write syntax to get the text from the table.

20. What are Hashmap and HashSet? Explain?

21. Where do you use Hashmap?

22. What is the exception you get in selenium?

23. What is implicitly wait, explicitly wait, webdriver wait,

Thread.sleep

24. Write syntax for the webdriver wait.

25. The difference between implicitly, explicitly, webdriver

wait and thread.sleep.

26. Which framework are you using in your project?

27. Are you using any integration tools?

28. What is Jenkins?

29. Where do you upload test results?

30. What are retesting and regression testing?

31. What is smoke testing?

32. How do you get to know if the developer has fixed the
issues or not?

33. What are the roles and responsibilities?

34. Which java & selenium versions are you using?

35. How do you handle if XPath is changing dynamically?

36. Have you ever written test cases in your projects?
37. They asked Some selenium questions.
Realtime QA Interview

Questions - 2+ Yr Exp.

1. Write a java program for the largest number from three

number

2. What is SDLC and STLC? And Explain its phases.

3. Define your roles and responsibility.

4. What is regression testing?

5. What are different methodologies of SDLC? Explain each

6. Define Agile?

7. Define Scrum And Sprint?

8. What is the estimation in Sprint?

9. What is sprint backlog?

10. What are the different reports in Testing?

11. What are the key components of the TestCase report?

12. What are the components of a defect report?

13. What is Jira?

14. How do you log defect in Jira?

15. How do you link bugs with the user story?

16. What is sprint?

17. Define black box and white box testing,

18. Define functional testing.

19. Define the oops concept in java.

20. Give me examples of oops which you used In your

framework.

21. What is TestNG

22. What is usability testing?

23. What are the steps for reporting the defect in Jira?
24. Define Structure of Selenium?

25. How will you handle the dropdown in selenium?

26. Different types of wait in selenium? Explain each of
them.

27. Difference between hard and soft assertion?

28. Why are we using "WebDriver driver = new ChromeDrive

()"?

Why can't we write RemoteDriver driver = new

ChromeDrive();

29. Explain the different Annotations in TestNG?

30. Define Priority and Severity of the Bug?

31. How to maximize the screen in Selenium?

32. What are the different closure reports?

33. What is the difference between a Test Plan and a Test

Strategy document?

34. Define Bug lifecycle of JIRA.

Java String Programs

Interview Questions

1) Reverse a String using Java

2) Remove Duplicate Characters in String

3) Reverse Each word in the String

4) Find Each Character occurrence in the String

5) Find the First Non Repeated Character in the String

6)

7)

8)

Replace the Character with its occurrence in the string

Find the Longest Substring without repeated characters
Sort String characters using Java (alphabetically)

9) Remove Whitespaces in String

10) Remove Special Characters in String

11) Find if the String is Palindrome

12) Find the Max Occurrence of Characters in the String

13) Check if Two Strings are Anagrams

14) Count Vowels and Consonants in a String

15) Find the First Repeated Character in a String

16) Convert a String to Title Case

17) Count the Number of Words in a String

18) Find All Permutations of a String

19) Check if a String Contains All Unique Characters

20) Find the Longest Palindromic Substring in a String

21) Find the Index of the First Occurrence of a Substring ina

String

22) Remove All Adjacent Duplicates in a String

23) Implement String Compression (e.g., "aaabbcc" ->

"a3b2c2")

24) Find the Length of the Longest Substring with Distinct

Characters
10 Rest Assured

Functions for SDETs

1. given(): The given() method is used to set up the request

specification. You can add headers, parameters etc.

Ex: given()
-header("Content-Type", "application/json")
.param("key", "value")

2. when(): The when() method is used to define the HTTP

method (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) & the endpoint for the
request

Ex: when()
.get("/api/users/2")

3. then(): method is used to define the response validations

& assertions

Ex: then()
.statusCode(200)
.body("data.id", equalTo(2))

Use Case: Validating the status code & response body after
making a request

4. statusCode(): The statusCode() method is used to assert

the expected HTTP status code of the response

EX:
then() .statusCode(200) (as can be seen above)
5. body(): The body() method is used to assert specific
parts of the response body

EX!
then() .body("data.email",
equalTo("janet.weaver@reqres.in"))

Use Case:
Validating that the response body if it contains the expected
data

6. log().all(): The log().all() method is used to log the details

of the request and response for debugging purposes

EX:
given() .log().all() when() .get("/api/users/
2") then() .log().all()

7. header(): The header() method is used to add a single

header to the request

EX:
given() .header("Authorization", "Bearer token")

Use Case:
Including an authorization token in the request header
8. param(): The param(), or queryParam(), method is used
to add query parameters to the request

Example:
given() .param("page", 2)

Use Case:

Sending a query parameter to paginate the results of a GET

request

9. contentType(): The contentType() method is used to set

the content type of the request.

Example:

given() .contentType(ContentType.JSON)

Use Case:
Specifying that the request payload is in JSON format

10. extract():

The extract() method is used to extract parts of the

response for further validation or use

Example:

Response response = given() .when() .get("/api/users/

2") .then() .extract() .response(); String email =
response.path("data.email");

Use Case:
Extracting the response data to perform additional
assertions or operations
CitiusTech Interview
Questions-QA- 5+ yrs

1. What is the difference between Selenium Grid and

Webdriver API?

2. How would you save a cookie value in Webdriver?

3. How would you locate a button that is present on the UI

with only a Span class? It doesn’t have an ID, class, or
anything.

4. Write code for the explicit wait.

5. How will you invoke the Firefox browser?

6. What logic will be behind fetching data from the data

provider and inserting it into the UI?

7. How will you specify a data provider under Test

annotation?

8. Program: Write a program for the reverse string.

9. How does method overriding differ from abstraction and

inheritance?

10. Can we override the main method? Explain the reason.

11. Explain OOPS concepts.

12. Why do we go for POM? What does it refer to?

13. What is the difference between a String and a

StringBuffer?

14. What is the difference between StringBuffer and

StringBuilder?

15. What is mutable and immutable?

16. How will you configure Ant and Jenkins?

17. Why do we go for Apache API? What is the basic

purpose behind it?

18. Program: Scriptwriting for a login page used at your

organization.
19. Why do we use generics to get a list of multiple
elements?

20. How does method overriding in polymorphism and

inheritance differ from each other?

21. What is the flow of fetching data from Excel using

Apache POI?

22. Why do we provide ‘\\' in Java while fetching a path of

Excel?

23. What are the types of exceptions that will appear when
finding elements?

24. What is an object array, and why do we use it as a data

provider?

25. What is the syntax of defining a data-provider class

under @Test?

26. Difference between method overriding and overloading.

27. What is Static and Dynamic Polymorphism?

28. What are Static and Nonstatic in Java?

29. What is the difference between the webdriver listener

and the TestNG listener?

30. What is the return type of data provider?

31. How can we clear the cookie in selenium?

32. How will we check the cookies in Selenium?

33. Scenario: There are five input boxes on a page, and first,
| have to select the 3rd input box, write some data into it,
and return it to 2 input boxes; how do you do it?

34. What is the difference between a Hash map, Hash Table

and ArrayList?

35. How do you run the test cases through the command
prompt?

36. Scenario: There is one string that says Attribute, so

write a code to find the repeated word in that string, and it
should work for case insensitive(work for lower case and
upper case)

37. What is the difference between Selenium RC and

webdriver?
APIs often have rate #limits to prevent
abuse. Automation scripts can simulate excessive requests
and validate the API's response when the limit is exceeded.
Example: Sending more than 100 #requests in a minute and
checking if the response returns 429 Too Many Requests.

a.

: Testing scenarios where users login via

; , or other mechanisms. Example: Validating

token-based #authentication for different user roles using
automation scripts in Selenium or Cypress.

: Verifying that only users with the correct

permissions can access certain APIs. Example:
#Automating role-based access tests, ensuring

unauthorized users receive proper error messages.

ae. Two environments (Blue and

Green) are maintained. The new version is deployed to the

#inactive environment, and traffic is switched only after
successful testing. Example: Switch from Blue (live) to
Green (new version) with zero downtime.

RAR actualy roll out a new version to a

subset of users while monitoring its #performance. If

stable, the update is rolled out to the rest. Example: Release

the update to 10% of users, monitor, and expand if no issues
arise.

- : Incrementally replace the old

#version Wi e new one across servers, ensuring no
downtime but slower rollouts. Example: Update 20% of
servers at a time, ensuring minimal impact.

Pennie eect The current version is fully taken

dow the new one. Simple but involves
#downtime. Example: Take down the app, deploy the new
version, and bring it back online.

imilar to canary, but serves different user

experiences (A and B) to compare #performance and user

#feedback. Example: Test new features on version B for a

specific user group while keeping version A for others.
Cybage Software

Interview Questions
For QA - Exp 5+ yrs

1st round:

Tell me about yourself.

Explain the current project.

What is a web service?

Why is web service required?

What is the purpose of web service in soap Ul?

What is WSDL?

What does WSDL contain?

What is REST?

What is the difference between SOAP and REST web

services?

What are the methods of rest web services?

What is a selenium web driver?

How to raise defects in the Jira tool?

What is the union?

What is database testing?

Explain the agile process.

When to go for soap and rest web services?

Write a logic to print output as ab ac ad bc bd cd froma

given string “abcd"?
2nd Round:

Tell me about yourself.

Explain the current project.

What are the test cases for creating an account form?

How many joins are required if you retrieve the data from 3
tables?

What is the difference between soap and rest?

Explain about automation lifecycle of soap UI.

Explain how to automate web services.

How to generate reports in soap Ul?

What is namespace?

How can we declare a namespace?

What is the use of XPath in soap UI instead of XPath in

selenium?

What is the difference between selenium and soap UI?

Explain the agile environment.

How do you perform database testing in your application?

How do you create test cases in the Jira tool?

What is the requirement traceability matrix?

What is the format of RTM?

How do you link test cases to defects in Jira?

What is the difference between smoke testing and sanity

testing?

How do you know whether your test case passed the soap
web service test step?

How many requests have you tested in your soap till now?
Instead of having soap, why are the rest of the web services
required?

What are the challenges you faced with soap UI?

Have you been involved in the rest API testing?

Do you like to work

under pressure ?

So here's what | would recommend you to answer this

question -*

Don't say “yes" or “no”. Pick up your answer based on your

own liking @

lf you are not okay with pressure

Approach 1:

“I'm not a big fan of working under pressure but over the
course of my career | understand, but it’s a part of the
game. Have learned to manage it with proper planning and
time management and have always delivered under any
such circumstances.

Approach 2:

If you are someone who is ok with pressure

You can Say.

I'm fueled by the adrenaline of tight deadlines.

Collaborating with my team to overcome challenges and
deliver under pressure is what | do best.”

These are just some examples & thought starters for you.
Be ready to explain or give example for each of these
scenarios.
Tips to ensure Quality of

Test Automation Code

cag ceniscarea your approach to peer reviews

and teedback cycles.
GeMettaineity Highlight your use of design patterns like
age Object Model (POM) or abstraction layers to ensure
scalable and clean code.
: Discuss how you've integrated tests

into Cl/CD pipelines for continuous feedback and early bug

detection.

: Explain how you regularly

analyze and optimize test execution time by parallelizing

tests, minimizing unnecessary waits, and identifying slow-

running tests.
GEERT, share how you implemented detailed reporting

for clear and actionable test results.

Realtime QA | SDET

Interview Questions

1. What is Constructor and Abstraction in Java?

2. What is SDLC and STLC? And Explain its phases.

3. Define your roles and responsibility.

4. What Is regression testing?

5. What are different methodologies of SDLC? Explain each.

6. Define Agile?

7. Define Scrum And Sprint?

8. What is the estimation in Sprint?

9. What is sprint backlog?

10. What are the different reports in Testing?

11. What are the key components of the TestCase report?

12. What are the components of a defect report?

13. What Is Jira?

14. How do you log defect in Jira?

15. How do you link bugs with the user story?

16. What is sprint?

17. Define black box and white box testing,

18. Define functional testing.

19. Define the oops concept in java.

20. Give me examples of oops which you used in your

framework.

21. What is TestNG?

22. What is usability testing?

23. What are the steps for reporting the defect in Jira?
24. Define Structure of Selenium?

25. How will you handle the dropdown in selenium?

26. Different types of wait in selenium? Explain each of

them.

27. Difference between hard and soft assertion?

28. Why are we using "WebDriver driver = new ChromeDrive

()"?

Why can't we write RemoteDriver driver = new

ChromeDrive();

29. Explain the different Annotations in TestNG?

30. Define Priority and Severity of the Bug?

31. How to maximize the screen in Selenium?

32. What are the different closure reports?

33. What is the difference between a Test Plan and a Test

Strategy document?

34. Define Bug lifecycle of JIRA.

35. What is final keyword?

36. What is Constructor Overloading?

37. How do you handle frames in Selenium?

38. Write Scenario outline in Cucumber.

39. What is Explicit wait and write syntax.

40. What is difference between Quit and Close in Selenium?

Manual Testing and

Selenium Interview
Questions

1. Write a java program for the largest number from three

number

2. What is SDLC and STLC? And Explain its phases.

3. Define your roles and responsibility.

4. What Is regression testing?

5. What are different methodologies of SDLC? Explain each.

6. Define Agile?

7. Define Scrum And Sprint?

8. What is the estimation in Sprint?

9. What is sprint backlog?

10. What are the different reports in Testing?

11. What are the key components of the TestCase report?

12. What are the components of a defect report?

13. What is Jira?

14. How do you log defect in Jira?

15. How do you link bugs with the user story?

16. What is sprint?

17. Define black box and white box testing,

18. Define functional testing.

19. Define the oops concept in java.

20. Give me examples of oops which you used in your

framework.

21. What is TestNG

22. What is usability testing?

23. What are the steps for reporting the defect in Jira?
24. Define Structure of Selenium?

25. How will you handle the dropdown in selenium?

26. Different types of wait in selenium? Explain each of

them.

27. Difference between hard and soft assertion?

28. Why are we using "WebDriver driver = new ChromeDrive

()"?

Why can't we write RemoteDriver driver = new

ChromeDrive();

29. Explain the different Annotations in TestNG?

30. Define Priority and Severity of the Bug?

31. How to maximize the screen in Selenium?

32. What are the different closure reports?

33. What is the difference between a Test Plan and a Test

Strategy document?

34. Define Bug lifecycle of JIRA.

Manual Testing

interview Questions

- Explain the process of agile project.

- What all ceremonies are there in agile?

- Explain Sprint planning and Retrospective meeting.

- How to prioritise the user stories when running out out of

time?

- Difference between retesting and regression testing?

- Explain defect life cycle.

- Difference between deferred and rejected bug.

- Difference between test plan and strategy.

- What are the key challenges of software testing?

- How do system testing and integration testing differ?

- When do you decide to stop testing?

- How do you handle testing for a product with frozen

requirements?
QA | SDET Interview

questions for 2-5 Years

1) Why do we need to upcast WebDriver when using

TakesScreenshot or JavaScript Executor?

2) What does RemoteWebDriver do? If it has all the

implementation then why do we need separate Browser
classes?

3) What are cookies? And how do you manage those using

Selenium WebDriver?

4) How to switch contexts? What are different contexts

available using Selenium webdriver?

5) How Selenium Grid functions for Parallel Testing?

6) What are the latest Selenium WebDriver 4.0 Locator

strategies?

7) How to manage Dynamic WebElements?

8) How to handle Browser notifications such as asking to

access Location?
9) If webelement changes its id frequently then what are
different ways to create locators for such an element?
10) How to handle no element found exception without
using try catch or throws?

11) How does fluent wait work?

12) If both explicit and implicit wait are used in script then
which one would execute and why?

13) What can be issues if automation is working in head

mode but errors in headless mode?

14) If you are not able to click on an element then how to

overcome this situation?

15) Is it possible to unselect a checkbox?

16) How to emulate a mobile device using Selenium

WebDriver?

17) How to handle Shadow DOM elements?

18) How can you scroll a page upto a certain element?

19) How to take element level screenshot?

20) How to retrieve the size of the browser window?

21) How to handle SSL certificates?

Publicis Sapient QA Interview

question 4-6 years experience

1. Intro about yourself

2. Fluent wait syntax

3. Explicit and implicit wait

4. findElements and findElement

5. programs on String Manipulation, Hashmap

6. difference between list, set, map and usage in framework

7. Api response codes

8. RestAssured post request syntax example

9. difference between selenium 3.0 and 4.0 version

10. basic sql queries

11. cross browser testing

12. Extent reports

13. Cucumber - how to run test cases parallely without

testng being integrated

2. difference between static and instance

3. oops concepts and usage in current framework

4. what are the reusable methods or implementation done

in framework by me

5. For Coding - they will provide a n online compiler link

separately for executing the programs

Program on how to create treemap and print the values

Program on a given input string to print the letters, digits,
special char separately as output

6. Writing Xpaths in flipkart website

7. what is dynamic webtable and how to write xpaths for it

8. questions on waits

9. what is garbage collector and how it is invoked in the

script

10. use of cucumberoptions

11. cucumber framework explanation

12. Selenium Code for switching to required window and

close it then come back to the default window

13. explain exceptions faced during execution

14. what is Apache PO!

15. try, catch, finally

16. mouse hover actions

17. git commands

18..8TLC

19. jenkins integration and setting up ci/cd pipeline

20. Testing strategies

21. What defect clustering, pesticide paradox, testing

pyramid

22. agile methodology and ceremonies

23. bug lifecycle

24. maven commands

25. RestAssured API Assert syntax

26. regression testing

j Self intro

what makes one a good Quality tester

risk based testing, performance testing

scenario and behavioural based questions

what are the reasons that can cause a test case to fail

. when jobs are scheduled in jenkins and next day it fails

due to unkown reasons. What would one do to self heal
automatically

7. what are the ways to complete exexution where there are

more numb of cases and less time

8. negative scenario for an e-commerce domain

9. application architecture of current proj ( front end, back

end, third party tools in-between)

10. what are non func testing explain

Daw
Frequently used Git commands

1. git init: Initialize a new Git repository. This is your first

step in version control!

2. git clone [url]: Create a copy of a remote repository on

your local machine. Perfect for collaborating on existing
projects.

3. git add [file]: Stage changes for commit. Use git add.
to stage all changes.

4. git commit -m "[message]": Commit your staged changes

with a descriptive message. This creates a snapshot of your
project.

5. git push: Upload your local commits to a remote

repository. Share your work with the world!

6. git pull: Fetch changes from a remote repository and

merge them into your current branch. Stay up-to-date with
your team's work.

7. git branch: List, create, or delete branches. Branches

allow you to work on different features in isolation.

8. git merge [branch]: Combine changes from different

branches. This is how you integrate your work back into the
main codebase.

9. git status: Check the status of your working directory.

See which files are staged, unstaged, or untracked.

10. git log: View commit history. Great for understanding

how your project has evolved over time.
1. “get() method loads a new webpage.

2. findElement()* finds a single web element.

3. ‘findElements()* retrieves a list of elements.

4. ‘click()* simulates a mouse click action.

5. sendKeys()* types text into input fields.

6. 'getText() fetches visible text from elements.

7. ‘getAttribute()* retrieves a specific attribute value.

8. 'getTitle()* returns the current webpage title.

9. 'getCurrentUrl() gets the URL of the page.

10. navigate().to()* navigates to a specified URL.

11. 'navigate().back()’ moves to the previous page.

12. 'navigate().forward()* moves to the next page.
13. 'navigate().refresh()* reloads the current page.
14. “switchTo().frame() switches to an iframe.

15. 'switchTo().window()° changes the active window.

16. 'switchTo().alert() handles JavaScript alerts.

17. ‘manage().window().maximize() maximizes the browser

window.

18. 'manage().timeouts().implicitly Wait() sets implicit wait

time.

19. 'quit() closes all browser windows and quits.

20. ‘close() closes the current browser window.

CZ
Final Call for Automation Test Engineers!

Moolya is hosting a walk-in drive on 28th September 2024

at HSR Layout, Bangalore.

If you have 4+ years of experience in API Automation (Rest

Assured), Mobile Automation (Appium), or Python
Automation, this is your chance!

Send your resume to anwesha.roy@moolya.com along with

the following details:

1. Current CTC

2. Expected CTC

3. Notice Period

4. Availability for the face-to-face interview on 28th

September

5. Current Location

Please include ‘Application for Walk-in Drive' in the subject

line. Don't miss out!
L, WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(): creates a new
chrome browser

L, driver.findElement(By.xpath()) = can be used to find

webElements with different locators like:

xpath
cssSelector

id

name
partialLinkText
linkText
className
tagName

L, driver.findElements() = retrieves the list of webElements

L, driver.manage().window().maximize() = Helos to maximize

the browser window as per the screen resolution

Ly
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofSecond
s(5)) = when wait needs to be applied for each selenium
command before execution
driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(Duration.ofSe
conds(5)) = before execution of selenium commands, they
need to wait until the complete page loads

L, WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);

// Wait for the submit button to be clickable

>wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.i
d("submitButton"))).click() = WebElement specific wait is
applied

L, driver.switchTo().alert()
> getText(), accept(), dismiss(), or sendKeys(text) = to
interact with the pop-up or alert

L, Actions actions = new Actions(driver);

> moveToElement(WebElement element): Moves the mouse

cursor to an element

+> dragAndDrop(WebElement source, WebElement target):

Drags and drops an element to another

> actions.build().perform();

L, Select select = new Select(selectElement);

// Select the option with text "Option 2":
select.selectByVisibleText("Option 2"):
L, Mobile Emulation:

Map<String, String> mobileEmulation = new HashMap<>();

mobileEmulation.put("deviceName", "Nexus 5"):
ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions():
chromeOptions.setExperimentalOption("mobileEmulation",
mobileEmulation);

WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions);

L, driver.close() = closes the current browser window

L. driver.quit() = closes all the browser windows

L, driver.get("") = used to route to a particular web app

using the URL

L, driver.navigate().refresh() = helps to refresh the webpage

L, driver.navigate().forward() & driver.navigate().back() =
helps to move next or previous webpage using browser

history

L, driver.manage().window().setSize(new Dimension(245,
720)) = helps to set the browser window size.
: | prefer XPath with text or custom

data attributes over relying on changing IDs, ensuring

stability.

<A Implement Page Object Model (POM): This design

pattern helps separate locators from the test logic. When
the UI changes, only the affected page object needs
updating.

al By breaking the UI into

reusable components, | can focus on updating only specific
parts rather than modifying multiple test cases.

a | lose collaboration with

the dev team helps me anticipate changes early and

suggest adding unique, stable attributes to simplify

automation.

‘| THHaMIGeeNEendllaD: | incorporate logic to handle

dynamic elements—like using partial matches or indexing to

adapt to changes.

(@ Vista! Testing) Todls: Leveraging tools like Applitools

helps identify visual changes, making tests reliable even
with frequent UI updates.

Periodic code reviews ensure

outdated scripts are refactored, keeping tests clean and
maintainable.
Accenture QA Interview Questions

Tell me about yourself.

What build tools have you used?

Can you elaborate on your experience with CI/CD pipelines?

Have you conducted Performance Testing?

What Is an Archetype in Maven?

Why do we use Maven?

Explain the dependency, artifact ID, group ID, and scopes in

pom.xml.

How do you execute a test case in Jenkins when using

Maven?

What command is used in Jenkins to execute test cases?

What is a cron job in Jenkins?

How do you revert your latest commit in Git?

What is the difference between merge and rebase in Git?

How do you create a branch in Git?

Describe your approach to automating APIs and building a

framework from scratch.

If the sample body or request body is not provided, how

would you proceed? What dependencies would you
consider?
Can you explain the status codes 402, 503, 404, and 202?
What does a status code 400 in an API indicate?

What is the difference between soft and hard assertions in

TestNG?

lf you want to execute specific test cases from a feature in

TestNG, what changes would you make in the testng.xml
file?

How can you pass values from testng.xml into your test
case?

How do you run test cases in parallel in TestNG?

What is the maximum number of threads allowed for parallel

execution in TestNG?

What are aggregate functions in SQL?

Explain the cascading effect between foreign keys and

primary keys.

What is an equijoin in SQL?

Can you define a candidate key in SQL?

Query to fetch 2nd highest score from student table.

What tools do you use for reporting?

What are desired capabilities in Selenium?

Can you explain the Page Object Model?

How does Selenium WebDriver interact with web browsers?

Describe the architecture.
How would you construct an XPath for a departure field
without using class or ID attributes in goibibo website?
How can you handle dynamic dropdowns in Selenium?
How do you manage windows in Selenium?

What if you want to execute parallel test cases in Selenium

without using TestNG?

What is the difference between final, finally, and finalize in

Java?

Can you differentiate between HashMap and Concurrent

HashMap?

Difference between the Abstract Factory and Factory

Method patterns.

What is the difference between String Builder and String

Buffer?

Print all prime numbers between 1 and 30 (inclusive).

Given an array of integers, return the k most frequent
elements.

Find the total number of continuous subarrays whose sum

equals k.

Perform an in-order traversal of a binary tree.

How would you extract data from an API call response in

JMeter and use it in another test case within the same
thread group?

lf you have multiple thread groups enabled in JMeter, will

they run sequentially or in parallel?
Locators

1, What are Selenium locators?

Locators are how Selenium identifies web elements on a page.

Example: driver. findElement (By.id("submitButton"));

2. What

2
Fal
<
o
Q

are the types of locators?

ID

Name

Class Name
Xpath
CssSelector

3. Which locator is the most efficient?

The ID locator—since IDs are unique, it’s fast and reliable.

4. What's the difference between XPath and CSS Selectors?

XPath allows traversal in both directions (parent/child), while CSS is faster but
can only
move forward in the DOM.

5. How to handle dynamic elements?

Use XPath with contains() for flexibility:

//button[contains(text(), "Submit')]

Waits

6. What is an implicit wait?

Implicit wait tells Selenium to wait for a certain time before throwing an
exception if the
element isn't found.
Example: driver .manage().timeoutsa().implicitlyWait({10,
TimeUnit.SECONDS) ;

7. What's the difference between implicit and explicit waits?

Implicit is a global setting; explicit is for specific conditions or elements.
8. What's an explicit wait, and why use it?
Explicit wait waits for a specific condition (e.g., element visibility). It's more
precise
than implicit wait.
Example:
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);
wait.until (ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated (By.id("usernam
e")));

9. What is Fluent Wait?

It checks for a condition repeatedly, like polling. Use this when elements load
dynamically.
Example;
wailt.withTimeout (Duration.ofSeconds (30)) .pollingEvery (Duration.afSecond
s{5))3

Alerts

10. How do you handle JavaScript alerts in Selenium?

By switching to the alert window:
Alert alert = driver.switchTo(}.alert ();
alert.accept{); // Click OK

11. How do you dismiss an alert in Selenium?

alert.dismiss(); — perfect for handling confirmation pop-ups.

12. How can you retrieve the alert text?

String alertText = alert.getText();

13. How do you send input to a prompt alert?

alert.sendKeys("Your input here");

Frames

14. What are frames, and how do you handle them in Selenium?
Frames are HTML elements that embed another document within the current page.
Switch to the frame before interacting with elements inside it.

Example: driver .switchTo(). frame ("frameName"};

15. How do you switch back from a frame?
Use driver.switchTo() .defaultContent (}; to return to the main page from a frame.

16. How do you handle nested frames?

Switch to the parent frame first:

driver.switchTo() .parent Frame ();

General Selenium

17, How do you maximize the browser window?

driver.manage() .window().maximize();

18. How do you take a screenshot?

File screenshot = ((TakesScreenshot)

driver) .getScreenshotAs (OutputType. FILE);

19. How do you handle dropdowns?

Using the Select class:

Select dropdown = new Select (driver. findElement (By.id ("menu") ));

dropdown. selectByVisibleText ("Option 1");

20. How do you close the browser window?

driver.close(); // Closes the current tab

driver.quit(); // Closes the entire browser session
1. Tell me about yourself.

2. What are the various selenium components,

and which components are you using?

3. How do you inspect elements?

4. What are the various locators you are using in

your day-to-day life?

5. Write syntax for XPath?

6. Write a syntax to initialize the webdriver.

7. Explain absolute and relative XPath with an

example

8. Explain your project and framework

9. How do you get the data from the Excel sheet?

10. Where do you use java in selenium
webdriver?

11. What is oops?

12. Explain the abstraction concept with an

example.

13. Explain the inheritance concept with an

example.

14. Explain method overloading and Method

overriding with an example.

15. What is an interface? Explain with an

example.

16. Write a basic selenium script.

17. Explain the defect life cycle.

18. Write a syntax to select a value from the

drop-down.

19. Write syntax to get the text from the table.

20. What are Hashmap and HashSet? Explain?
21. Where do you use Hashmap?

22. What is the exception you get in selenium?

23. What is implicitly wait, explicitly wait,
webdriver wait, Thread.sleep

24. Write syntax for the webdriver wait.

25. The difference between implicitly, explicitly,

webdriver wait and thread.sleep.

26. Which framework are you using in your

project?

27. Are you using any integration tools?

28. What is Jenkins?

29. Where do you upload test results?

30. What are retesting and regression testing?

31. What is smoke testing?

32. How do you get to know if the developer has

fixed the issues or not?

33. What are the roles and responsibilities?

34. Which java & selenium versions are you
using?

35. How do you handle if XPath is changing

dynamically?

36. Have you ever written test cases in your

projects?

37. They asked Some selenium questions.

Top FinTech Company Interview

questions for SDET - 3-5 Years

1) Introduce yourself

2) Explain the complete Scrum process followed in your

Project

3) How Estimations were given for a Story and How do you

suggest Test Estimations?

4) Give an example of Low priority & Low severity, Low

Priority & High Severity (please don't give examples
commonly mentioned in blogs or YouTube videos). Give
some unique examples.

5) There is a date picker which has a start date and end

date, and once you select both dates, now these 2 dates get
displayed in another 2 web pages. Once you modify they get
modified in these 2 webpages. Derive as many scenarios as
possible for this case.

6) What exactly is Smoke and Sanity Testing (Give some

good examples from your project)

7) In what cases you performed smoke, regression, Sanity,

Retesting and End to End testing in your Project, explain in
detail.
8) How do you handle radio buttons

9) What is implicit wait, have you implemented it in your

project?

10) Explain with examples where implicit and explicit waits

can be used. Do you implement them together?

11) Have you designed the Automation framework from

scratch?

12) Why you have implemented By Approach in your Page

classes and why not Page Factory approach

13) What happens when duplicate values are added in

HashMap?

14) Are you Ready to work from 1:30 PM to 11PM IST

Timings?

15) How do you make sure Abstraction is maximised in your

Tests?

16) Handling mail while working in Automation, explain with

writing code

17) How do you implement builder pattern using LomBok?

18) Git Branching approach in detail

19) How to keep API Tests idempotent?

20) How Regression Suites are handled in your Automation

Project?

21) Is it possible to integrate API generated cookies directly

with Selenium WebDriver tests? If yes how?

22) Explain the Test Stack Implemented in your project

Coding Problems:

1) Given an integer array nums sorted in non-decreasing

order, remove the duplicates in-place such that each unique
element appears only once. The relative order of the
elements should be kept the same

Example:

Input: nums = [0,0,1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4]

Output: 5, nums = [0,1,2,3,4,_,_,_,_,_]

Explanation: Your function should return k = 5, with the first

five elements of nums being 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively.

2) Find the largest, second largest, smallest and second

smallest numbers in the given array.
Software Testing

Interview Questions

1. Introduce yourself.

2. What projects have you handled and what were your

responsibilities?

3. Scope of automation testing in your previous projects.

4. Type of automation framework you have worked on and
explain (Framework structure and all its components).

5. Explain POM (Page Object Model).

6. How have you used Excel sheets for automation?

7. Do you have any idea how we can integrate Jenkins in

Selenium?

8. How to open multiple browsers in TestNG?

9. How to set test priority in TestNG?

10. What is your work experience with Selenium Grid?

11. Different types of locators and how we can write XPath.

12. How to handle pop-ups?

13. Which Java concepts for OOPS were used in your

framework?
1. Explain the API testing you've done in your previous
projects and the tools you used for API testing.

2. What are the different types of web service

implementations other than SOAP?

3. What is the difference between SOAP vs REST?

4. In which option is REST response cached?

5. What are the different types of methods present in REST?

6. What are the different web service response codes?

7. Do you know the usage for these response codes?

8. Which tools are used for testing web services?

1. Do you have knowledge of any reporting tools like
Cognos?

2. Do you have any experience with security testing (e.g.,

SQL injection, encryption & decryption)?

3. Which test management tools have you used?

4. Explain the Agile process & the meetings involved.

5. lf a defect is rejected by DEV, what steps would you

follow to prove your point that it is a defect?

6. Which DB did you use? How comfortable are you with

writing queries? If you need to check data across two
tables, how would you do it?

7. A transaction of $1 is not showing up in the target system

— What priority & severity would you assign to the defect? If
there is any workaround, will there be any change in priority
& severity?

8. Describe the project you worked on.

9. Elaborate on the BFS (Banking, Financial Services)

projects you have supported till now.

10. What is the workflow of the project you worked on?

11. What estimation techniques have you used?

12. What team management activities have you performed?

13. How do you approach capacity planning?

14. When should you start test automation in a project?

15. How do you monitor resources who are reporting to you?

16. What environment management activities have you been
involved in?

17. Any challenges you faced during delivery?

18. How would you start a security testing project from

scratch?

19. What are the key considerations when preparing a

regression suite?
What Is Installation Testing ?

Installation testing verifies that the

software can be installed and uninstalled in

its intended environments. It ensures that
the installation process is smooth and
error-free and the software is compatible
with different operating systems (OS) and
platforms.

For example, when testing a new desktop

application, installation testing would
verify that the application installs without
issues. It also verifies that the required
files are placed in the correct directories
and that the software launches correctly
after installation.
Page Object Model (POM):

POM is a Selenium design pattern; we can see it as a

repository where we store all the WebElements. This has
become very popular in industry these days, because it is
very easy to manage, reusability of code and eliminates
duplication of code.

The key benefit if Ul changes in the future, then we can

update WebElements to Page Classes in POM or Object
Repository accordingly

Page Factory:

Page Factory in Selenium WebDriver is an integrated

concept or API. Here we follow again the same principle of
keeping repository objects or page classes separate from
test classes.

Here we use @FindBy to find elements and to initialize

WebElements using initElements process.
Name: Same as ID although it is not unique

CSS Selector: Works on element tags and attributes

XPath: Searches elements in the DOM, Reliable but slow
Class name: Uses the class name attribute

TagName: Uses HTML tags to locate web elements

LinkText: Uses anchor text to locate web elements

Partial Link Text: Uses partial link text to find web elements
ID-

The reference to an element is now "stale"; the element will

no longer appear on the page's DOM. In simple words, when
you started interacting with it, the element you located
using the findElement method disappeared.

Add exception handling to your action and, if the exception

is stale, try to locate the element after a simple wait for 500
milliseconds and repeat these actions until the action or
max iterations have been successful.
Here is a syntax for using the CSS selector to access the nth
attribute: <type>:nth-child(n)
Ex: tr:nth-child(2)

WebDriver provides an API to handle alert dialogs. Alerts

cannot able to inspect if there is no Alert in the screen, you
will get ‘NoAlertPresentException’

The Alert interface contains a number of APIs to execute

different actions.

The following list:

Alert alert = driver.switchto().alert();

alert.accept(); This is equivalent to the OK button action on

the dialog

alert.dismiss(); This is equivalent to clicking on the CANCEL

action button

alert.sendKeys("String"); This will allow to type in some text

into the alert

alert.getText(); This will return the text that appears on the

dialog
10 Decoders QA Interview Questions

1. Tell me about yourself.

2. Explain Agile methodology.

3. How do you test a page?

4. How do you start API testing?

5. What response codes do you know?

6. Can you explain the difference between 401 and 403

response codes?

7. How do you write a test case?

8. What parameters do you consider when creating test

cases?

9. How do you create a bug in Jira?

10. What is the difference between ‘git push’ and ‘git push
--force ?

11. What do you know about ‘git reset’?

12. How would you start with a BDD framework from

scratch?

13. What is the Cucumber framework?

14. What is the purpose of ‘pom.xml’?

15. Write a program to find duplicate values in a given map.

16. Write a program to swap numbers without using a
temporary variable.

17. Write a program to reverse a list without using inbuilt

methods.

18. Write a program to determine if a number is odd or even

using Python.

19. Locate an XPath for a given element.

20. How do you handle frames in Selenium?

21. What waits are available in Selenium?

22, How do you handle alerts in Selenium?

What is Scrum and Sprint?

1) Scrum is a framework used in Agile project management,

primarily for software development, but it can be applied to
various types of projects. It emphasizes iterative progress,
collaboration, and adaptability. Scrum involves specific roles
(such as Product Owner, Scrum Master, and Development
Team), ceremonies (like Sprint Planning, Daily Stand-ups,
Sprint Reviews, and Retrospectives), and artifacts (including
the Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog, and Increment).

2) Sprint

A Sprint is a time-boxed iteration within the Scrum

framework, typically lasting 2 to 4 weeks. During a Sprint, a
cross-functional team works to complete a set of items from
the Product Backlog, aiming to deliver a potentially
shippable product increment. Sprints are designed to create
a predictable cycle of development and review, allowing
teams to inspect and adapt their work regularly.

In summary, Scrum is the overarching framework that

guides the process, while a Sprint is a specific, iterative
cycle within that framework.
Capgemini QA Interview Questions

1. Explain Java exception handling and its importance.

2. What is the difference between ‘final’, ‘finally’, and

‘finalize’ keywords in Java?

3. Compare and contrast ‘ArrayList’ and “LinkedList’ in

Java.

4, What are the key differences between ‘HashSet’ and

“Map. in Java?

5. Provide an example of using a ‘Map’ in Java.

6. Write a Java program to reverse a string.

7. Explain the architecture of Appium and how it functions.

8. What are Desired Capabilities in Appium, and how are
they used?

9. What is an Appium package and activity, and how are

they configured?

10. Why is Appium preferred for mobile automation testing?

11. How do you handle timeouts in Appium tests?

12. What challenges have you encountered while using

Appium, and how did you overcome them?

13. What are the different types of locators used in Appium?

14. What are the best practices to follow when using
Appium for automation?

15. What is the difference between ‘findElement’ and

‘findElements* in Appium/Selenium?

16. Explain the concept of Appium Grid and its use cases.
17. What is the purpose of “BeforeSuite’ and ‘AfterSuite’
annotations in TestNG?

18. Explain the structure and purpose of a TestNG XML file.

19. How does ‘dependsOnMethods’ work in TestNG, and
when would you use it?

20. What are the different types of waits available in

Selenium, and when should each be used?

21. Explain the role of Jenkins in CI/CD pipelines.

22. How are reports generated in TestNG, and what types of

reports can be produced?

23. What is the difference between method overloading and

method overriding in Java?

24. Explain the concept of polymorphism in Java and

provide examples.
Wolters Kluwer SDET Interview Questions

Round # 1 :-

Write the Selenium Code at framework level to implement

below scenario :

* Navigate to an e-commerce site.

* Search for a product (e.g., "laptop").

* Add the product to the cart.

* Proceed to checkout.

* Fillin dummy billing details.

* Complete the order and validate the order confirmation.

Round # 2:-

1) What is Singleton Design Pattern?

2) How do you use Factory Design Pattern ?

3) How do you handle exceptions ?

4) Can you explain the concept of the Page Factory ?

5) How do you manage test data in your Selenium
framework?
6) How do you execute parallel tests using Selenium Grid or
TestNG?

7) How do you generate reports in a Selenium framework?

Which reporting tools have you used?

8) How do you handle synchronization issues in Selenium?

9) How do you handle dynamic web elements in Selenium?
10) How would you deal with browser compatibility issues?
11) How do you handle file uploads and downloads in
Selenium?

12) How do you integrate your Selenium tests with Jenkins

for continuous integration?

13) How do you trigger Selenium tests automatically after a

build in Jenkins?

14) How do you schedule test execution using Jenkins?

15) What is Selenium Grid, and how does it help in parallel

execution?

16) How can you test APIs using Selenium?

17) How do you handle SSL certificate issues in Selenium

WebDriver?

18) What are analytical functions in SQL ?

19) What does 409 error code indicate in API Testing?

20) What are Hooks in Cucumber?

21) Why TestNG came into existence?

22) Write Java Code to print all the Permutations of 'XYZ' ?

API Concepts

1) What are the components of an HTTP request?

2) What is the difference between API and unit testing?

3) What is an HTTP response?

4) How we can add validation points in postman?

5) What do you understand by Server-side validation?

6) What is 3 tier Architecture?

7) Difference between webservice & APIs

8) What is Rest, Soap & GraphQL in APls

9) What do you test in standalone API?

10) What do test in 3rd party integrated APIs?

1) When to use collection, environment & global variables
2) How to execute a collection E2E

3) How to validate a API response has correct status code?

4) What happens when API response returns Form Data
instead of Json, how to validate it?

5) How to setup Basic Auth in Postman?

6) Where do you store Environment credentials?

7) How to save a demo response for an API request?

8) How will you validate an API rqst if VPN is required for it

to work?

9) How do you filter results in a API request using Postman?

10) How to setup custom headers in Postman?
Selenium Webdriver

1) What are different types of locators in Selenium?

2) When do you use Xpath over CSS locators?

3) How to get a specific value from a dropdown and reuse it

in verifications?

4) When do we use JavaScript Executors?

5) Is it possible to validate Captcha using Selenium, if Yes

how?

6) What should be the ideal way to store data using

Selenium WebDriver only?

7) |s it possible to use Xpath like parent/child/node/.. ? If

yes, then provide an example where to use it?

8) What happens if you receive browser notifications in

between Test Automation Execution?

9) Why does Stale Element exception occurs and how to

handle it?

10) What is Invalid Certificate Exception?

GIT

1) What are the different stages in committing the code to

GitHub?

2) Is it possible to revert back changes in a remote repo? If

yes, how?

3) When do you commit your code? After commit how do

you validate everyone has the updated code now?

4) How to merge stashed changes in local repo?

5) Why do we need Gitlgnore file? How to add ignore files in

it?
1) What is the execution format of Tests in TestNG?

2) Can priority be negative in for methods? If Yes, then what

is the execution flow as per priority?

3) What is the difference in DependonMethod &

dependsongroups?

4) What are different ways to exclude tests in TestNG

5) What does ThreadPoolSize mean in TestNG? How does it

work?

6) Why do we need BeforeSuite & AfterSuite annotations?

Explain Get,
Post, Put &

Delete methods
in API Testing
GET

e Explanation: Retrieves data from the

server without modifying it.

e Example: GET /users/123 retrieves

the user with ID 123.

e Useful Detail: Use GET requests for

safe and idempotent operations.
POST

e Explanation: Sends data to the

server to create a new resource.

e Example: POST /users with a JSON

payload { “name”: “John Doe" }
creates a new user.

e Useful Detail: POST is neither safe

nor idempotent, so be cautious
about retrying failed POST requests.
PUT

e Explanation: Updates an existing

resource or creates a resource if it
does not exist.

¢ Example: PUT /users/123 with a

JSON payload updates the user
with ID 123.

e Useful Detail: PUT should be

idempotent, meaning repeated
requests with the same data should
produce the same result.
DELETE

e Explanation: Removes a resource

from the server.

¢ Example: DELETE /users/123 deletes

the user with ID 123.

e Useful Detail: DELETE operations

should also be idempotent.
SDET Interview Questions

1) Java program to remove duplicates characters from given

String.

2) Program Remove the second highest element from the

HashMap.

3) Java program to Generate prime numbers between 1 &

given 4

number

4) How to find the missing values from a sorted array.

5) Java program to input name, middle name and surname

ofa

person and print only the initials.

5) Program to Print all Treemap elements?

6) What is a singleton Design Pattern? How do you

implement that in your framework?

7) Write the Top 5 test cases for Booking Coupons.

8) What is serialization and deserialization?

9) What is the Difference between status codes 401 and

402? 1

10) Difference between selenium 3 and selenium 4?

11) What is delegate in Java and where do you use Delegate

in your Framework?

12) How many maximum thread-pool can you open in the

TestNG?

13) What are the Major challenges that come into the
picture when you do parallel testing using TestNG and Grid?
14) How do you integrate your automation framework with
the Jenkins pipeline?
15) What will happen if we remove the main method from
the java program?

16) What is the component of your current Project?

17) How do you pass parameters in TestNG?

18) Write the logic of retrying the failed test case with a
minimum 3 numbers of time in Automation Testing. Which
Interface do you use for it?

19) What is the OOPs concept in java?

20) What is encapsulation?

21) What is Polymorphism?

22) Difference Between Classes and Objects?

23) What is collection in Java?

24) What is out in System.out.println?

25) In How many ways can we create an object?

26) Why is Java not 100% Object-oriented?

27) Can we make a constructor as Static?

28) How to convert a JSON object to a java object using

Jackson?

29) What is the difference between Abstraction Class and

Interfaces?

30) Difference between String, StringBuilder, and

Stringbuffer?

31) What are other immutable classes in Java apart from

String?

32) Difference between TreeMap and HashMap?

33) How do you set priorities for test automation, which test
needs to be automated first?

34) How do you set test case priorities for your team?

35) What are the functional things you need to test on e-

commerce sites?
Coding Interview

Questions for SDETs

find the frequency of each element in the array

print the duplicate elements of an array

print the elements of an array in reverse order

print the largest element in an array

print the smallest element in an array

print the sum of all the items of the array

sort the elements of an array in ascending order

find Second Largest Number in an Array

find Second Smallest Number in an Array

print Odd and Even Numbers from an Array

remove all the white spaces in a string

Write a code in Java to prove that String objects are

immutable

program to count the number of words in a string

program to check whether a string is a Palindrome
Reverse a string

Remove Leading zeros

Print first letter of each word ina string

Given a string s, find the length of the longest substring

without repeating characters
Rest Assured API Automation

Interview Questions & Answers

1) How do you handle response headers in Rest Assured

tests?

Answer: You can use the ‘header’ method to validate

specific headers in the response. For example, checking the

‘Content-Type’ header:

given() .when() .get("/endpoint") .then() .header("Content-

Type", "application/json");

2) What is the purpose of the Matchers class in Rest

Assured?

Answer: The Matchers class in Rest Assured provides

various static methods for performing different types of
assertions on the response.

For example, Matchers.equalTo(value) is used to check if a

response value is equal to the expected value.

3) How do you perform a POST request with a JSON

payload in Rest Assured?

Answer: To perform a POST request with a JSON payload,

you can use the body() method to include the JSON
content. For example:

given() .body("{\"key\": \"value\"}") .when() .post("/

endpoint") .then() .statusCode(201);
4) What is the purpose of the 'relaxedHTTPSValidation()'
method in Rest Assured?

Answer: The relaxedHTTPSValidation() method is used to

disable strict SSL certificate validation, allowing you to make
requests to HTTPS endpoints without validating the SSL
certificate.

5) What is the purpose of the

‘config(JsonConfig.jsonConfig())' method in Rest Assured?

Answer: The config(JsonConfig.jsonConfig()) method is

used to configure JSON serialization and deserialization
settings. It allows you to customize how JSON data is
processed during requests and responses.

6) Explain the purpose of the

‘auth().oauth2AuthorizationCodeFlow()' method in Rest
Assured.

Answer: The auth().oauth2AuthorizationCodeFlow() method

is used for OAuth 2.0 authentication using the authorization
code flow. It helps in handling the authentication process
with the authorization server.
7) What is the purpose of the auth().none() method in Rest
Assured?

Answer: The auth().none() method is used to indicate that

no authentication is required for a particular request. It's

helpful when dealing with public endpoints that do not

require authentication.

8) How can you handle assertion failures gracefully in Rest

Assured to continue with the execution of subsequent test
steps?

Answer: You can use the softAssertions() method from the

AssertJ library to create soft assertions, which allow the test
to continue even if there are assertion failures. For example:

SoftAssertions softAssert = new SoftAssertions();

softAssert.assertT hat(response.getStatusCode()).isEqualTo
(200);

softAssert.assertT hat(response.getBody().jsonPath().getStri
ng("name")).isEqualTo("John Doe");

softAssert.assertAll();
EY GDs, Hyderabad -

QA Interview Questions

1. WJP for Given Strings are anagram or not

stri="tomato", str2 = "matoto"
2. WJP to Remove duplicates from given string
str1 ="automation", o/p: “automin"
3. What is the strategy to start failure analysis from Day1
itself in current release.
4. How can you calculate ROI for automation
5. How can you assign the work when you have Senior and
Junior(1-2 yrs) team members.
6. as a Lead QA, what is your checklist for code review.
7. How to perform cross browser testing
8. How can you execute failed test cases without manual
intervention. Here, we can use Retry Mechanism
Followed question: How to execute all failed test cases
at once after initial execution.
9. Difference between Remote Driver and WebDriver
10. Architecture for Selenium3 and Selenium4
11. Topmost interface in Selenium
Sentinelone - SDET

Interview questions

Q'1. Code to find the second largest element in 4 given list

e.g. numbers = [10, 20, 4, 45, 99]
output: 45

Q?2. Write a code to check balanced parentheses and write

its lest cases

e.g. input: “LOMHLOO]O}"

output: True

input; “[(])"
output: False

Q3. How to do testing in headless mode in selenium ?

Q4, How will you test the broken links on a web page?

Q5. Selenium code to test the number of notifications from

linkedin account
How to handle certificate

errors for different browsers

For Chrome:

To bypass certificate errors in Chrome, use ChromeOptions:

Set up ChromeOptions and enable the
setAcceptinsecureCerts(true) method, which tells Chrome
to ignore SSL certificate errors.

Pass this options object when creating the Chrome driver.

Example:

ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();

options.setAcceptinsecureCerts (true);
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);

This configuration allows Chrome to load pages with

certificate issues without blocking access, enabling
uninterrupted testing.
For Firefox:

Firefox can similarly ignore certificate errors using

FirefoxOptions:

Create a FirefoxOptions instance and set

setAcceptinsecureCerts(true).

Use this options object to initialize the Firefox driver.

Example:

FirefoxOptions options = new FirefoxOptions();

options.setAcceptinsecureCerts(true);
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(options);

This approach allows Firefox to bypass certificate errors so

that pages with self-signed certificates load normally.
For Edge:
Edge follows a similar process for handling certificate
warnings:
Use EdgeOptions and enable setAcceptinsecureCerts(true).
Pass these options when creating the Edge driver.

Example:

EdgeOptions options = new EdgeOptions();

options.setAcceptinsecureCerts (true);
WebDriver driver = new EdgeDriver(options):

With this configuration, Edge will ignore certificate errors,

allowing tests to proceed without interruption.
Joins in SQL

1. INNER JOIN
Retrieves only the records that match in both tables.
Example: Employees who have recorded sales.

2. LEFT JOIN

Shows all records from the left table, plus any matches from
the right table. If no match, returns NULL.

Example: All employees, even if they have no recorded

sales.

3. RIGHT JOIN

Shows all records from the right table, plus any matches
from the left table. If no match, returns NULL.

Example: All sales, regardless of whether there’s an

employee listed.

4. FULL OUTER JOIN

Displays all records from both tables, whether they match or

not. If no match, fills with NULL.

Example: All employees and all sales, connected or not.

SDET Interview Questions

1. How do you handle a stale element in Selenium?

-> Use a try-catch block to catch
StaleElementReferenceException and re-locate the element.

2. Why might Selenium's hover or click not work on an

element, and how do you resolve it?

->Possible reasons: dynamic content or overlays. Solutions:

use JavaScriptExecutor or scroll the element into view.

3. How do you reverse a string without reversing special

characters?

->Traverse from both ends, swapping only alphabetic

characters while skipping special characters.

4. How do you find k closest values to a target in a Binary

Search Tree (BST)?

->Use in-order traversal and a min-heap or sliding window

for efficiency.

5. What's the best way to sort an array of Os, 1s, and 2s?
->Apply the Dutch National Flag algorithm for linear-time
sorting.

6. What are the SOLID principles in software design?

->Key OOP principles for better code: Single Responsibility,

Open/Closed, Liskov Substitution, Interface Segregation,
Dependency Inversion.

7. How do you find the minimum deletions to make letter

frequencies unique in a string?

->Count letter frequencies and adjust them to ensure

uniqueness with minimal deletions.

8. What are essential credit card test cases for validations?

->Check number length, format, and type-specific rules.
Complex Real Time QA /

SDET Interview questions

1. What challenges might a team face when transitioning

from a traditional release model to a Continuous
Deployment pipeline, and how would you address them?

2. How do deployment pipelines integrate security practices

(DevSecOps), and what measures would you implement to
ensure that security is not compromised during Continuous
Deployment?

3. What considerations should be taken when implementing

a multi-region deployment strategy to ensure availability
and minimise latency?

4. Imagine a scenario where a deployment to production

fails after 75% of a Rolling Deployment has been completed.
What strategies would you employ to minimise service
disruptions and revert to the previous stable version?

5. How would you implement environment-specific

configurations securely in a CD pipeline to prevent exposure
of sensitive data (e.g., API keys, database passwords)?
6. Explain how you would use feature flags in conjunction
with Continuous Deployment to manage the release of new
features without impacting the entire user base.

7. Circle Cl users sometimes encounter parallel execution

challenges during large-scale deployments. How would you
structure a Circle Cl pipeline to ensure efficient,
synchronised multi-environment deployments?

8. How do you implement a robust monitoring system in a

Jenkins or Circle Cl pipeline to automatically halt
deployments if predefined metrics (e.g., error rates,
response times) exceed acceptable thresholds?

9. How would you design a CD pipeline for a microservices

architecture to ensure that interdependencies between
services are handled properly during deployment?

10. How would you use container orchestration tools (like

Kubernetes) in conjunction with Jenkins or Circle Cl to
achieve zero-downtime deployments for a high-traffic web
service?
OA Interview Questions for

a Product based company

Round 1:

1. Write Test Scenarios for Lift(Elevators) for UI, Security,

Performance and Accessibility Testing

2. Convert String to integer without using

inbuilt(integer.parse)

3. Rotate right shift array at 3 times using Java Program.

Input: [1,2,3,4,5,6 ,7] and n=3;

Output: [5,6,7,1,2,3,4]

Round 2:

1. Print all tab names in Home page in icicibank.com

using selenium java

2. Reverse words at same place of given string:

Il/o: Test Automation and o/p: tseT noitamotuA

3. Get max and min occurrences of given String:

Teeeessst Autoooooomationn output: m-1 and 0-8
Round 3:

1. create a Java program that increases a number in an

array to achieve the largest possible number, follow these
steps: Identify the rightmost number that can be
incremented without causing a carry overflow. Increment
this number and set all subsequent digits to zero.

Input: {1,2,9}

Output:{1,3,0}

2. Write all possible test cases for above program.

3. How many ways we can call the method(says

LargestPossibleNumber) in above java program like giving
request and getting response. Ex: Direct call method, Web
API, Command Line, Batch Processing.

4. Open Amazon Site and Search with Any. Then write

xpath to get all sponsored related items.

5. Write Test Scenarios for Search box in Amazon

6. What will be Authentication Request method: Post or

Get?

7. What are the different Status codes in API?

8. What is Accessibility testing and provide real time

examples.

9. Have you experience in DB testing, if what about PL-

SQL.
EY GDs, Hyderabad QA

Engineer Interview Questions

1. WJP for Given Strings are anagram or not

str1="tomato", str2 = "matoto"
2. WJP to Remove duplicates from given string
str1 ="automation", o/p: “automin"
3. What is the strategy to start failure analysis from Day1
itself in current release.
4. How can you calculate ROI for automation
5. How can you assign the work when you have Senior and
Junior(1-2 yrs) team members.
6. as a Lead QA, what is your checklist for code review.
7. How to perform cross browser testing
8. How can you execute failed test cases without manual
intervention. Here, we can use Retry Mechanism
Followed question: How to execute all failed test cases
at once after initial execution.
9. Difference between Remote Driver and WebDriver
10. Architecture for Selenium3 and Selenium4
11. Topmost interface in Selenium
1. System Testing

System Testing is conducted on a complete, integrated

system to evaluate the system's compliance with specified
requirements.

2. Black Box Testing

A testing technique that focuses on examining the

functionality of an application based on the specifications,
without peering into the internal workings.

3. Regression Testing
Regression Testing ensures that recent code changes have
not adversely affected existing features.

4. Grey Box Testing

A hybrid testing method that involves the tester having
partial knowledge of the internal workings of the application.
5. Retesting Testing
Retesting involves re-executing test cases on the same
version of the software after bugs have been fixed.

6. Smoke Testing
Smoke Testing is an initial check to determine if the build is
stable enough for further testing.

7. Unit Testing
A type of testing that involves testing individual units or

components of a software application.

8. Integration Testing
Integration Testing focuses on verifying the interfaces and
interactions between different modules of the application.
9. Functional Testing
Functional Testing evaluates the system against the
functional requirements and specifications.

10. User Acceptance Testing(UAT)

UAT is the final phase of testing where actual users test the
software to ensure it can handle required tasks in real-world
scenarios.

11. Component Testing

Component Testing is the process of testing individual
components of a software application.

12. Ad-hoc/Random Testing

Ad-hoc Testing is an informal testing type without any
structured test cases.

To uncover defects that might not be found using formal

test cases.
13. Acceptance Testing
Acceptance Testing determines whether a system meets the

specified acceptance criteria.

To decide whether the software is ready for deployment.

14. Database Testing

Database Testing involves validating the integrity,

consistency, and performance of a database.

To ensure the accuracy of data storage and retrieval

processes.

15. Recovery Testing

Recovery Testing assesses the system's ability to recover

from crashes, hardware failures, or other catastrophic
issues.

To validate the system's robustness and reliability under

adverse conditions.

16. White Box Testing

White Box Testing involves testing internal structures or

workings of an application, as opposed to its functionality.
To ensure that the internal operations perform according to
the specifications.
EPAM Systems recently asked interview questions for
#Automation Engineer(8+ years)

1.Explain the automation framework

2.What unit testing framework are you using

3.What is difference in JUnit and TestNg

4.How can you rerun failed test cases

5 What Cl/CD tool have you used

6.Do you know how to create a parametrized pipeline job

7.We need to save username of students, input username
and print valid if it contains alphanumeric and invalid if it
contains any special charcters or spaces or duplicate
username. WAP in java or python to handle it

8.WAP to count occurrences of characters in a string

9.WAP to find the highest number from the array w/o
using inbuilt method 10.WAP to reverse the string without
using inbuilt method

11.What is difference between string and string buffer

12.What is difference between private, public and
protected access modifiers 13.Collections framework
heirarchy interfaces and their classes

14.What Is difference between hashtable and hashset

15.What is difference between comparable and
comparator

16.Explain the exception heirarchy

17.WAP to create a custom exception

18.What is an interface and an abstract class?

19.Why abstract class is allowed to have a constructor
20.Difference between final, finally and finalize?
21.Explain polymorphism

22.WAP to override a function

23.Do you know about Java 8

24.What is java streams and lambda expression

25.What is git rebase and get merge

26.When to use git rebase

27.What is functional interface

28.What is difference in status code 401 and 403

29.What is difference in oAuth 1.0 and oAuth2.0
30.WAP using RestAssured library and include assertions
that you would use in a get or post call

31.What is the content type in oAuth2.0

32.Write a SQL query using join (two tables were given

and their column names)

33.WAP to handle multiple windows in selenium

34.WAP to capture screenshots in selenium

35.How do you handle synchronisation in automation

scripts

36.Write the syntax for fluent wait

37.WAP to read/write data from excel file

38.What are the different stages of an Automation test

39.What are different types of testing

40.What Is difference between priority and severity

41.What are fields required to log a bug/defect

42.What is a test plan, what are the things included in it

43.Explain briefly different phases of SDLC
What is POM?

The Page Object Model (POM) is a widely used design

pattern in test automation. It establishes a structured
framework by creating an abstraction layer between test
scripts and web application pages. This design improves
code readability, reusability, and maintainability.

Key Concepts

Page Object: Each page or component of a web

application is represented as a dedicated class.
Separation of Concerns: Clearly separates test logic from
the web page's structure and behavior.

Reusable Components: Enables reusing code across

multiple test cases.

Ease of Maintenance: U/ updates require changes only in

the respective Page Object class.

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Concepts in POM

Encapsulation:

Web elements and their actions (e.g., clicks, inouts) are

encapsulated within Page Object classes.
Inheritance:

Common functionality (e.g., driver setup) is inherited

from base classes.

Abstraction:

Test scripts interact only with relevant methods, hiding

implementation details.

Polymorphism:

Enables overriding methods to customize behaviors,

such as alternative click actions (e.g., JavaScript-based
clicks).

Key Components of POM Structure

pages:

Houses Page Object classes for individual web pages

(e.g., LoginPage.java).

utils:

Contains utility classes for shared functionality (e.g.,

WebDriverFactory.java for initializing the driver).

tests:

Stores test classes for specific scenarios (e.g.,

LoginTest.java).

reports:

Manages test reporting tools like ExtentReportListener to

generate detailed reports.
logs:

Contains logging configurations and logs (e.g.,

Log4jConfig.xml).

screenshots:

Saves screenshots, particularly for capturing failures

during test execution.

keywords:

Includes reusable keyword-driven methods for common

actions.

resources/testng.xml:

Defines TestNG configurations, including test suites,

priorities, and settings.

Advantages of POM:

Centralized and organized automation structure.

High scalability for expanding tests.

Simplifies test script maintenance by isolating UI

changes to relevant Page Objects.

Enhances code reusability and test execution efficiency.

This design pattern ensures a robust foundation for
scalable, maintainable, and efficient test automation
frameworks.
la) What are different ways to handle dropdowns in
Selenium?

-->You can handle dropdowns using the Select

class for <select> elements, which allows you to choose

by index, visible text, or value.

-->For non-standard dropdowns, XPath or CSS

selectors combined with actions like .click() can be used.

ey How do you handle file uploads in Selenium?

-->lf the file input is accessible, use .sendKeys() to send

the file path to the file input field.

-->For non-accessible uploads, use tools like Robot

class, AutolT, or JavaScript-based solutions.

Explain how you would manage multiple browser

tabs/windows.

-->Use driver.getWindowHandles() to retrieve all open

window handles, then

use driver.switchTo().window(handle) to switch between

them.

-->Interviews may dig into practical applications, like

testing multiple login sessions or validating cross-tab
interactions.
leas How do you test mobile web applications using
Selenium?

-->Selenium can work with Appium to test mobile

browsers. Configuration of desired capabilities for
different mobile browsers (e.g., Chrome on Android,
Safari on iOS) is essential.

lew What are different types of waits in Selenium, and

when would you use each?

-->Implicit Wait: Applies globally and waits until an

element is located or timeout.

-->Explicit Wait: Waits for specific conditions, ideal for

dynamic elements.

-->Fluent Wait: A type of explicit wait with polling

intervals, useful for highly dynamic web pages.

Ga Describe Page Object Model (POM) and Page

Factory in Selenium.

-->Page Object Model (POM) is a design pattern to

create an object repository for web elements, improving
test maintenance.

-->Page Factory is an extension of POM,

using @FindBy annotations to locate elements. This

helps with code readability and maintenance.
How do you handle AJAX-based web applications
with Selenium?

-->For AJAX elements that load asynchronously,

use Explicit Waits with conditions

like visibilityOfElementLocated() to ensure elements are

ready before interacting with them.

-->Knowledge of handling stale elements due to AJAX

reloads is also beneficial.

What are some challenges you've faced with

Selenium, and how did you overcome them?
-->Possible challenges include handling dynamic
elements, pop-ups, slow-loading pages, and flaky tests.
-->Emphasize your solutions, like custom waits, robust
locators, and optimizing test execution speed.

© How can you optimize your Selenium scripts for

performance?

-->Use only necessary waits, leverage efficient locators,

minimize hard waits, and avoid unnecessary navigation.
-->Consider parallel execution with Selenium

Grid or Docker to speed up tests.

Sapient QA IQs

Round 1: Coding

1. Print the highest and second-highest integer

from the array.

Round 2: Technical Interview

General Questions:

1. Tell me something about yourself.

2. Explain your automation project framework.

Java Coding Questions:

3. Write a program to find the common elements

between two ArrayLists.

4. Write a program to fetch the values from the

map using keys.

Exception Handling in Java:

5. Can we have a catch block without a try block,

or a try block without a catch block?

6. Can we handle exceptions without using try and

catch?

7. What are the major exceptions you get in

Selenium?
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP):

8. What are the pillars of OOP?

9. Where have you implemented Encapsulation

and Abstraction in your project?

10. What is Polymorphism and its types? Explain

with respect to your project.

11. What are Interfaces? Have you used interfaces

in your project?

Selenium Automation:

12. How will you send the up and down arrow keys
as input in a textbox?

13. There is a dropdown list on a webpage along

with a link to another page. Upon clicking the link, a new
tab opens, and there is another dropdown. How will you
find the common options between these dropdowns?
Explain step by step.

Handling Frames:

14. What are frames? How will you handle frames?

TestNG Framework:

15. What are annotations in TestNG?

16. Explain the Depends On attribute in TestNG.

17. How will you pass parameters in TestNG?

18. What are groups in TestNG?
Jenkins and CI/CD:

19. What do you know about Jenkins?

Regression and Smoke Testing:

20. Suppose you are working on a regression suite

and a smoke suite. How can you create triggers for both
suites?

Miscellaneous:
21. Questions about daily roles and responsibilities.

How to Approach These Questions:

Lats Coding Tasks: Practice problems on platforms like

LeetCode or HackerRank to sharpen your logic.

ky Framework Explanation: Focus on the tools used

(Selenium, TestNG), folder structure, and design
patterns like Page Object Model.

& Core Java: Revise basics and relate them to real-

world use cases in your projects.

laa Cl/CD: Brush up on Jenkins pipelines and job

configurations.
Deloitte QA interview Questions

#Round 1: (Technical )

«= What is Data Driven Framework ?

«> Scenario vs Scenario Outline in cucumber

«> Difference between xpath and css ?

«- What is Actions class in Selenium ?

«> How to right click on a button using selenium ?

«> What is difference between exception and error ?
«&- Can you recover from error ?

«> Difference between array and arraylist

«> Does Arraylist allows duplicate values ?

«> Write Java code to insert an element in array.

«> Write Java code to remove duplicates from an array ?

#Round 2 : (Technical )

« What is Maven and What are its advantages ?

«> Difference between mvn clean,mvn verify ,mvn test

«> How will you execute your testNg file from pom.xml ?
«- What reports have you used in your framework

«> What is JavaScriptExecutor ?

«> How do you handle stale element exception ?

«> Can you develop a framework from scratch.?

«> Write Java code to print count of each character of a

string.

«> Test cases vs Test Scenarios vs Epic difference.

«> what is Requirement Traceability Matrix ?

Types of Waits in Selenium
ptt Wait

Sets a global timeout for WebDriver.

eo Best for: Simple applications with consistent

load times.

Ay Limitation: Can slow down tests if overused.

Explicit Wait

- Waits for specific conditions for particular

elements.

-) Best for: Dynamic or complex loading

scenarios.

Similar to Explicit Wait but adds polling

frequency and exception handling.

Best for: Highly dynamic elements requiring

precise control.

__. Thiead.sleep)

. Pauses execution for a fixed time.

: x Not recommended: Causes unnecessary
delays and inefficiency.
_ Which Wait is Best?

Explicit Wait is generally the best for automation

testing due to its:
V4, Targeted approach.
4) Reduced delays.
i Flexibility for dynamic applications.

Fluent Wait is ideal for scenarios requiring

advanced polling and exception handling.

V Best Practices for Selenium Waits _

Prefer Explicit Wait over Implicit Wait for better clarity

and avoid conflicts.

Minimize the use of Thread.sleep().

«)) Use Fluent Wait for highly dynamic or unpredictable

elements.

Combine waits with effective exception handling for

improved reliability.

Adopting the right wait strategy can make your tests

faster, more robust, and efficient!
EPAM QA interview Questions

Explain the automation framework.

What unit testing framework are you using?

Difference between JUnit and TestNG.

How can you rerun failed test cases?

Which Cl/CD tool have you used?

Do you know how to create a parameterized

pipeline job?

7. Write a program to validate usernames

(alphanumeric, no spaces/special characters, no
duplicates).

8. Write a program to count character occurrences

in a string.

9. Find the highest number in an array without

using inbuilt methods.

10. Reverse a string without using inbuilt methods.

AARWN>
11. Difference between String and StringBuffer.

12. Difference between private, public, and

protected access modifiers.

13. Explain the collections framework hierarchy.

14. Difference between Hashtable and HashSet.

15. Difference between Comparable and

Comparator.

16. Explain the exception hierarchy.

17. Write a program to create a custom exception.

18. What is an interface and an abstract class?

19. Why is an abstract class allowed to have a

constructor?

20. Difference between final, finally, and finalize.

21. Explain polymorphism.

22. Write a program to override a function.

23. Do you know about Java 8?

24. What are Java Streams and Lambda

Expressions?

25. Difference between git rebase and git merge.

26. When to use git rebase?

Zi,
28.
vie |
30.

What is a functional interface?

Difference between status codes 401 and 403.

Difference between OAuth 1.0 and OAuth 2.0.
Write a program using the RestAssured library

with assertions for GET/POST calls.

31.
BZ.

What is the content type in OAuth 2.0?

Write a SQL query using JOIN (two tables with

columns given).

33.

34.

35.

Handle multiple windows in Selenium.

Capture screenshots in Selenium.
How do you handle synchronization in

automation scripts?

36.
mis
38.
39.
40.
A1.
42.
43.

Write the syntax for Fluent Wait.

Read/write data from an Excel file.

Different stages of an automation test.

Types of testing.

Difference between priority and severity.

Fields required to log a bug/defect.

What Is a test plan and what does it include?

Briefly explain the phases of SDLC.
Capgemini - QA Automation interview questions

1. Write a program to find duplicate elements in a string

array.

2. How would you introduce yourself briefly and

effectively?

3. Explain the framework you have worked with in your

automation testing process.

4, How do you handle closing the second window of a

browser in automation testing?

5. Differentiate between XPath and CSS selectors.

6. What is the syntax for a LinkText XPath locator?

7. What changes or setups do you perform before

starting execution in your framework?

8. How do you handle change requests in your

application? Describe the steps you follow.

9. How often do you trigger regression test scripts? How

do you manage them in your repository?

10. What challenges have you encountered in automation

testing, and how did you overcome them?

11. Explain the differences between GET and POST

methods in API testing.

12. What are the essential components of the GET and

POST methods?

13. Discuss HTTP status codes like 401 and 503.

14. How do you validate the response code in API

testing?

15. What format do you use for assertions in your tests?

16. Explain the difference between 200 and 201 HTTP
status codes.

17. Provide the syntax for query parameters in API

requests.
Rubrik QA / SDET

interview Questions

Q1. What drives you to keep working?

Q2. Have you ever been in a point of conflict with anyone
like your colleagues / Manager or anyone ? How you
handled it.

Q3. Have you ever worked after office hours? Is this

ethical??

Q4. Have you ever been through a moment when you got
feedback from your manager and what were your actions
on it?

Q5. Suppose you have a ML model that takes some data

as Input, process it and provide output. How will you test
this ML model?
Q6. Questions on pytest marker
Q7. Questions on pytest fixture
Q8. How to create customised marker
Q9. Scope in Pytest
Q10. Parametrize fixture
Q11. Can we create and tear down instance within one
fixture
Q12. How to skip a test
Q13. How we can automatically run a fixture
Q14. Given code and asked whether it is correct or have
any error
Q15. System -> take image input, swap images and give
output

-> Test cases from user perspective

-> Image sent by AWS API to backend services,

fetch some data, process it and provide output through
some API.

- Test this system E2E

- What all type of testing you will do and how you

will set up automation
Q16. Puzzle:
You have 1 football ground, 8 teams, total time of all the
matches should be 10 hours and the final match Is 2
hours. How you will organize all the matches
@ What is API Testing?

API Testing involves verifying application programming

interfaces to ensure they meet functionality, reliability,
performance, and security requirements.

@ What is the difference between REST and SOAP APIs?

REST: Lightweight, uses JSON or XML, stateless, and
works over HTTP/HTTPS.

SOAP: Protocol-based, uses XML, supports stateful

operations, and works over HTTP/HTTPS, SMTP, etc.

@® Explain common HTTP methods used in API testing.

GET: Retrieve data from the server.

POST: Submit data to the server to create a resource.

PUT: Update or replace an existing resource.

DELETE: Remove a resource from the server.

@ What are the standard HTTP status codes, and what

do they mean?

200: OK (Success).

400: Bad Request (Client Error).

401: Unauthorized (Authentication Needed).

500: Internal Server Error (Server Issue).

© What is the difference between API Testing and Unit

Testing?

API Testing: Validates end-to-end business logic and

data flow across systems.

Unit Testing: Focuses on individual components of code.

© Which tools are commonly used for API Testing?
Postman: For manual testing and script automation.
Rest Assured: Java-based library for automated API
testing.

SoapUI: Used for SOAP and REST API testing.

@ What are the different types of API authentication?

OAuth: Token-based secure authentication.

Basic Auth: Encoded username and password.

API Key: Unique identifier to access APIs.

What are some best practices for writing API test

cases?

Define endpoint coverage.

Test for valid and invalid inputs.

Validate response status codes, headers, and payloads.

Include edge case scenarios.

© How do you handle errors in APIs?

Validate error codes like 4xx (client errors) and 5xx

(server errors).

Ensure appropriate error messages are returned.

Test scenarios for timeout and rate-limiting issues.

(0 What is a Mock API, and why is it used?

Mock APIs simulate the behavior of a real API, allowing

testing when the actual API is unavailable or under
development.
Altimetrik interview questions for #Automation
engineer(8+ years)

1) Given input prince123, find the sum of intgers , o/p

should be 6

2) Given input prince, print O for e, 1forc, 2 for n, 3 for i,

4 for rand soon

3) WAP to get all the broken links on a page using

selenium

4) How do you handle dropdowns on a page

5) How can we get all the values from a dropdown ona

page

6) Entered login and password and when clicking on

submit, automation script fail how do you debug/handle
it?

Interview duration: 30 mins

Solve these coding questions before jumping
to LeetCode, HackerRank or CodeChef

find the frequency of each element in the array

print the duplicate elements of an array

print the elements of an array in reverse order

print the largest element in an array

print the smallest element in an array

print the sum of all the items of the array

sort the elements of an array in ascending order

find Second Largest Number in an Array

find Second Smallest Number in an Array

print Odd and Even Numbers from an Array

remove all the white spaces in a string

Write a code in Java to prove that String objects are

immutable

program to count the number of words ina string

program to check whether a string is a Palindrome
Reverse a string

Remove Leading zeros

Print first letter of each word in a string

Given a string s, find the length of the longest substring

without repeating characters
AQM Technologies recent SDET interview question
Round 1:

1. Write Test Scenarios for Lift(Elevators) for Ul,

Security, Performance and Accessibility Testing

2. Convert String to integer without using

inbuilt(integer.parse)

3. Rotate right shift array at 3 times using Java Program.

Input: [1,2,3,4,5,6 ,7] and n=3;

Output: [5,6,7,1,2,3,4]

Round 2:

1. Print all tab names in Home page in

icicilombard[dot]com using selenium java

2. Reverse words at same place of given string:

\/o: Test Automation and o/p: tseT noitamotuA

3. Get max and min occurrences of given String:

Teeeessst Autoooooomationn output: m-1 and 0-8

Round 3:

1. Describe your last project.

2. Brief about some challenges faced during your

project and how can you resolve the same.

4. Open Amazon Site and Search with Any. Then write

xpath to get all sponsored related items.

5. Write Test Scenarios for Search box in Amazon

6. What will be Authentication Request method: Post or

Get?

7. What are the different Status codes in API?

8. What is Accessibility testing and provide real time

examples.
13) Which component of selenium is most important?
14) Which keywords use in gherkins?

15) How many locators does selenium has?

16) Which exception is shown in selenium when there is

a delay in the loading time of the elements with which we
are interacting?

17) Write correct syntax for absolute path

18) What is Ui testing?

19) Which XPath search dissimilar nodes in XML

document from the current node

20) What do you mean by open source software

21) Which of following browser support selenium?

22) Which method are present in POM to locate

webelement?

23) Which type of wait command waits for a certain

amount of time before it throws an exception?

24) Which tool you will use to manage and organised jar
and lib in automation?

25) _ is a type of change related testing performed after

fixing a defect to confirm that a failure caused by the
defect does not reoccur

26) Which type of XPath start with a double forward

slash?

27) Which type of XPath start with a single forward

slash?

28) How many types of wait commands does the

selenium web driver provide?

29) Which of the following waits takes timeout and

polling frequency as it's parameter?
OA Interview Questions

Thermo Fisher Scientific

1. How do you perform parallel testing in selenium?

2. Which framework do you use in current company?

3. Can you describe scrum ceremony?

4. What are the oops concepts ?

5. Explain overriding and method over loading .

6. What is difference between constructor and

interface ?

7. Why do you need geckodriver ?

8. What is difference between explicit wait and implicit

wait ?

9. Class A have 3 method , class B have 2 ,class B

inherited class A, how do you call method of class A by
creating object of class B ?

10. What are annotation in testNG ?

11. How many suits can be there in testNG , what if | run

all the suits ?

12. As lead,how do you define quality of product before

release?

13. in testNG, do we have multiple suit in one XML file

and what if | want to run all suits ?"
Altimetrik interview question

for QA Automation (8+ years)

1) Given input prince123, find the sum of intgers , o/p

should be 6

2) Given input prince, print O for e, 1 forc, 2 for n, 3 for i,

4 for rand soon

3) WAP to get all the broken links on a page using

selenium

4) How do you handle dropdowns on a page

5) How can we get all the values from a dropdown on a

page

6) Entered login and password and when clicking on

submit, automation script fail how do you debug/handle
it?
Q: What are the main types of Collections in Java,
and how do they apply to automation?

Answer:

List: Stores ordered test data; allows duplicates.

Example: Storing login test credentials in an ArrayList.
Set: Ensures uniqueness, e.g., validating unique test IDs.
Map: Key-value pair storage, ideal for mapping test data
to expected results.

Q: Difference between ArrayList and LinkedList?

Answer:

Use ArrayList for fast data access in static datasets.

Use LinkedList when frequent insertions/deletions are
needed, such as managing dynamic test queues.

Q: Why use HashMap in automation testing?

Answer:

To store key-value pairs, like test case IDs with their

expected outcomes.

Example: Automating test result verification dynamically

during runtime.
kia) Q: How do you handle duplicate test data?
Answer:

Use HashSet to store unique test cases and avoid

redundant execution.

(5) Q: What's the difference between Iterator and for-

each? Which is better in automation?

Answer:

Iterator: Use when you need to modify or remove data

during iteration.

for-each: Best for simple read-only operations on the

dataset.

(5) Q: How do thread-safe collections like

ConcurrentHashMap improve automation frameworks?
Answer:

They ensure smooth execution in parallel test

environments by avoiding race conditions between
threads.
1) Brief about your technical skills

2) Different between abstract and interface

3) Can we create object of an abstract class, explain

why or why not?

4) What are different access modifiers in java

5) Do you know about lambda stream

6) What is a functional interface, does it relate to

streams api?

7) What java version is used in your automation

framework

8) Explain the automation framework step by step in

notepad or paint

9) Why are you using Apache HTTP client library in

framework and not RestAssured for API automation.
10) What all tags and hooks you have used in automation
framework

11) What are the cucumber options

12) What are different kind of selenium exceptions you

have encountered 13) What are the challenges you have
faced in the automation

14) How do you handle dynamic web elements

15) What is difference between PUT and PATCH

16) What is the shadow DOM

17) Do you know about ACID properties in SQL

18) What are the use of Joins

19) Have you done manual testing in the project

20) What authentication and authorization you are using

in API testing

21) What is difference between Map, HashMap and

HashSet

22) WAP to explain encapsulation

23) WAP to find the common elements in two arrays

num1 and num2
Synechron QA/SDET

Interview Questions

Round 1-

What are the types of assertions ?

Difference between final, finally and finalize keyword ?

WAP to identify 2 strings are anagram or not ?

What framework are you using for API testing ? Explain.

Explain collections in Java.

What are the best practices that you keep in mind during
code review ?

What is assertAll used for ? Give an example.

Explain all phases of STLC.

Round 2 -

WAP to split and print word 'Synechron' from String

"Welcome to Synechron Interview".

How will you handle popup and pass value inside it ?

How will you handle nested iFrames ?

What HTTP methods you have worked on in API testing?

Explain your current framework.

How will you resolve conflicts between team members ?

What has been your biggest challenge in the career so
far ?
API Testing Interview Questions

1. What is an API?
(A way for software systems to talk to each other.)

2. What are the advantages of API testing?

(Find bugs faster, test without a user interface, release
software quicker.)

3. Explain the different types of API testing.

(Functional (does it work?), Performance (is it fast?),
Security (is it safe?), and more.)

4. What are the common protocols used in API testing?

(HTTP, REST, SOAP)

5. What are the main differences between API and Web

Service?

(All web services are APIs, but not all APIs are web
services. Web services use specific web protocols.)

6. What is the difference between API testing and Unit

testing?

(API testing checks a group of components, Unit testing

checks individual parts.)
7. What are the core components of an HTTP request?
(URL, method (like GET or POST), headers, and body.)

8. What are some common HTTP methods and what are

they used for?

(GET (retrieve data), POST (send data), PUT (update

data), DELETE (remove data).)

9. What does an HTTP status code tell you?

(If the request worked or not (e.g., 200 is good, 404
means not found).)

10. What is the importance of statelessness in API

architecture?

(Each request has all the info it needs, making APIs more
reliable.)

11. What are some architectural styles for creating a Web

API?
(REST, SOAP, GraphQL)

12. Compare the differences between REST, SOAP, and

GraphQL.

(REST uses resources, SOAP uses XML, GraphQL lets

you ask for specific data.)

13. What are the principles of good API design?

(Consistent, easy to use, well-documented, secure.)
14. What are some common API testing tools?
(Postman, REST Assured, SoapUI)

15. Describe the steps involved in API testing.

(Plan, design tests, set up, run tests, report results.)

16. How do you perform API Load Testing?

(Simulate lots of users using the API at the same time.)

17. What is contract testing?

(Making sure different services talk to each other
correctly.)

18. What is fuzz testing?

(Sending weird data to the API to see if it breaks.)

19. How would you approach testing an API that has

complex authentication and authorization mechanisms?
(Thoroughly test different user roles and permissions.)

20. How would you test an API that is not yet fully
developed?
(Use mock APIs or stubs to simulate the missing parts.)

21. How should we test the API security?

(Test authentication, authorization, input validation, and
scan for vulnerabilities.)

22. What are some common API security vulnerabilities?

(Injection attacks, bad authentication, leaking sensitive
data.)
Scenario Based Interview Questions for Automation
Tester:

1. Your automated tests for a login page are failing

intermittently. How would you investigate and address
this issue?

2. The website you're testing has elements that

constantly change IDs or positions. What techniques
would you use to create reliable locators for your tests?

3. A critical API endpoint is returning unexpected errors.

How would you use automation to help debug this?

4. Your web application needs to work flawlessly across

different browsers (Chrome, Firefox, Safari). How would
you approach cross-browser test automation?

5. Users complain about slow loading times on a specific

page. How can automation help identify performance
issues?
6. You need to test a form with a large number of
different input values. How would you efficiently manage
and use test data in your automation?

7. The company is prioritizing mobile users. How would

you automate testing on different mobile devices and
operating systems?

8. You encounter a feature that seems impossible to

automate (e.g., audio/video playback). How do you
handle this in your test strategy?

9. You're tasked with automating tests for an old

application with limited documentation. How would you
approach this?

10. How would you integrate your automated tests into a

Continuous Integration/Continuous Delivery pipeline?
Java Interview Questions for SDETs

1. How do you reverse a string in Java without using

built-in methods?

2. How can you find the second largest number in an

array without sorting it?

3. What is the difference between == and .equals() in

Java?

4. How do you use the Map interface to count the

frequency of characters in a string?

5. How do you remove duplicate elements from an

ArrayList?

6. What is the difference between HashMap and

TreeMap, and when would you use each?

7. How do you find the longest substring without

repeating characters in a string?

8. How can you implement a custom sorting algorithm

using Comparator?

9. What are the differences between ArrayList and

LinkedList, and which ts better for insertion-heavy
operations?

10. How do you handle exceptions in Java? Can you

create a custom exception class?
Performance Testing

Interview Questions

@ Fundamentals

1. What are the key KPIs you monitor during

performance tests, and why?

2. Can you explain the difference between

throughput and latency?

3. How does caching impact application

performance?

4. How would you differentiate between load

testing, stress testing, and scalability testing?

@ Testing Types & Approaches

1. What are the pros and cons of using cloud-

based load generation tools?

2. How would you approach performance testing

for mobile applications?

3. What is baseline testing, and why is it

important?

4. Howdo you approach creating a performance

testing plan for a new project?

5. Can you describe the steps involved in setting

up and executing a performance test?

6. What strategies do you use to diagnose and

troubleshoot performance issues?
@ Tools & Technologies

1. What performance testing tools are you familiar

with, and what is your preferred one? Why?

2. How do you use performance monitoring tools

(e.g., Grafana, Datadog) in your testing process?

3. Profiling Tools: How do tools like JProfiler or

Yourkit help you analyze performance?

4, What are some common performance

bottlenecks you've encountered in web applications?

@ Problem-Solving & Analysis

1. How do you analyze and report performance

test results to stakeholders?

2. How would you identify a memory leak in an

application?

3. What steps do you take if an application

performs well under low load but struggles under heavy
traffic?

4. Howdo you simulate virtual users in

performance testing, and what factors do you consider
when defining load profiles?

5. Describe a situation where you optimized a

database query for performance.

@ Beyond the Technicals

1. How do you communicate performance testing

findings to stakeholders with varying technical
expertise?

2. How do you stay updated on the latest

performance testing trends and tools?

3. How do you ensure performance testing meets

the objectives of the business and end users?

4. Can you share an example of collaborating with

developers to fix a performance issue?
FGlobal Logic QA

mm For 6+ Years |
| Experience
sf Round 1: ( Technical )

«> Write a Java program to reverse first and last digit of

number without converting it into a string.

«> Difference between an interface and an abstract

class in Java.

«> Design patterns such as Singleton or Factory in your

automation framework?

«~ Difference between HashMap and TreeMap in Java?

Give example.

«> Difference between Assert and Verify in Selenium?

«> Thread.sleep() vs WebDriverWait in Selenium?

«- Write Selenium code to handle file download from the

browser.

« Steps would you take if an element is not interactable

in Selenium?

«> Difference between Alpha testing and Beta testing ?

Give examples.

«> Describe a difficult bug you discovered in your

testing and how you resolved it. ? Give example
s€ Round 2 : ( Techno-managerial round )

«> Explain the key components of the test automation

framework you worked on?

«> Can you write selenium code to zoom in ona

webpage ?

«> Can you perform a mouse hover action on an element

using Selenium?

«> Can you write Selenium code to capture a

screenshot with a custom file name. Write code

«> Write a Selenium code to handle file uploads .

«> Challenges you faced while running tests on multiple

browsers at the same time using Selenium Grid?

«> What are the key challenges you have faced in

testing in the dynamic websites ? Give some practical
scenarios.

«> Role of feature files in Cucumber BDD

«> Static binding and dynamic binding in Java ? Give

some practical examples.

«- Differences between a requirement and a user story

in Agile methodology ?

«> What is Jenkins CRON expression ? How would you

configure Jenkins to run automated tests after every
commit ?
Interview Questions on

Collection Framework

1. What are the advantages of using the Collection

Framework?

2. How do arrays differ from collections?

3. What's the difference between the add() and addaAll()

methods of the Collection interface?

4. What is the purpose of the retainAll() method in

Collection?

5. Contains() vs ContainsAll(): What's the difference?

6. What's the difference between Collection and
Collections?

7. What are the key properties of an ArrayList?

8. ArrayList vs Vector: Which one to choose and why?

9. When is ArrayList the best choice for your project?
10. ArrayList vs Vector: What's the real difference?

11. What are the key properties of LinkedList?

12. Pop() vs Peek() in the Stack class: What's the

difference?

13. What are the properties of the Enumeration cursor?

14. What are the limitations of the Iterator cursor?

15. What makes HashSet unique?

16. HashSet vs LinkedHashSet: What's the difference?

17. Comparable vs Comparator: Which one to use and
when?

18. What are the core properties of HashMap?

19 HashMap vs Hashtable: What's the real difference?

20. HashMap vs LinkedHashMap: Which one suits your
needs better?

21. What are the key properties of a TreeMap?

ce
2024 - Wipro
Interview
Questions For
SDET/ QA _
Automation:
Engineers
5+ Years
Experience

Total 3 Rounds
1% - Technical
24 — Technical
3rd _ HR/Managerial
1. Tell me about you and your Roles and Responsibilities

2. Explain the OOPs concepts used in your framework in

detail.

3. Explain the difference between == and equals()

4. What is the difference between String, StringBuilder,

and StringBuffer ? Lancia ga Os

5. Aconstructor can be static or not, and why ?

6. What is a singleton class? How do you implement one

in Java?

7. What is the final keyword used for in Java?

8. Can you explain the concept of Page Object Model

(POM) in Selenium? Why is it useful for automation?

9. What are some strategies for handling dynamic

elements in Selenium WebDriver tests?

10.What is the role of TestNG or JUnit in test

automation? How do you use them in your
automation scripts? sevice Pe

11.What are data-driven testing and keyword-driven

testing? How do they work?

12.How do you handle failures in automated tests? What

is your approach to troubleshooting failing tests?

13.What is your experience with Continuous Integration

(Cl) tools like Jenkins? How do you integrate
automation tests into a Cl pipeline?

14.What are some best practices you follow while writing

automation scripts?

15.How would you implement parameterized tests in

TestNG?

16.What is the difference between unit testing and

integration testing? How do you approach both as an
SDET?
1. Tell me something about yourself ?

2. Given a string, write a Java function to find the length

of the longest substring without repeating characters

3. Implement a singly linked list with basic operations:

add, delete, and find. Additionally, implement a
method to reverse the linked list.

4. What are the differences between ArrayList and

LinkedList? When would you choose one over the
other in a testing scenario? apreelen shy a

5. What is the difference between abstract classes and

interfaces in Java?

6. Can you explain your project ?

7. How have you used CI/CD in your project ?

8. Can you explain the concept of HTTP methods (GET,

POST, PUT, DELETE, PATCH) and when to use each in
API testing?

9. What is the difference between REST and SOAP APIs?

10.What are the common status codes in API responses

and what do they signify?

11.How do you handle testing for rate-limiting or — .
throttling in APIs? Subhasish Mishra

12.What is your experience with database testing? Have

you written SQL queries to validate data?Some
Questions on Assert class.

13.Explain how you would work with product owners

and developers in an Agile sprint to ensure quality.

14.How do you handle regression testing in Agile,

especially with frequent releases?

15.How do you log and manage defects in tools like JIRA

or Quality Center?
. Tell us something about yourself.

. Why are you looking for a change ?

. What you liked most in your previous job ?

. Why are you interested in this position?

. Where do you see yourself in next 5 years?

. Salary expectation. roqpiclentes

Subhasish Mishra

. Notice period and How soon you can join ?

a OU BP WN
Difference Between

Pom.xml & TestNG.xml

-> To run test scripts in a Selenium framework, both

pom.xml and testng.xml files play important roles, but for
different purposes. The pom.xml file is used by Maven to
manage dependencies, build configurations, and
automate tasks, ensuring all necessary libraries (like
Selenium and TestNG) are available. While you don’t run
the tests directly from pom.xml, it facilitates the build
process and invokes TestNG when running tests through
Maven (using commands like mvn clean test).

-> The testng.xml file, on the other hand, is used to

define and configure test suites, classes, groups, and
execution parameters for TestNG. It allows you to specify
how tests should be executed, and can be run directly
from an IDE like Eclipse or IntelliJ. When running tests
through Maven, the pom.xml will trigger the TestNG
framework and execute the test scripts as defined in
testng.xml

TestNG Annotations Execution Order will be:-

-> @BeforeSuite
-> @BeforeTest

-> @BeforeClass
-> @BeforeMethod
-> @Test

-> @AfterMethod
-> @AfterClass

-> @AfterTest

-> @AfterSuite
co
Interview
Questions For
SD DET/ Q QA
Auto mation

5+ Years Experience
Total 3 Rounds
1% - Technical
2"¢ — Technical
3" — HR/Managerial
~

10.
afb

12.

13.

14.

Tell me something about yourself.

Can you explain your project ?

What is the difference between Selenium

WebDriver and Selenium RC?

How do you handle dynamic elements in

Selenium WebDriver? Ce apa
Explain the Page Object Model (POM) and its
benefits in Selenium testing.

How do you perform data-driven testing in

Selenium?

What is your experience with writing and

executing TestNG or JUnit tests?

How do you handle synchronization issues in

automated tests (e.g., implicit waits, explicit

Learn with

wa its)? Subhasish Mishra

What is the role of Jenkins in your automated

testing process? How do you set up a Jenkins job

for running Selenium tests?

What is your experience with database testing?

Have you ever performed data migration testing?
What steps do you follow for validating data
migration?

How do you handle data-driven testing when

validating data in the database?

Describe a situation where you had to work with a

product owner regarding a testing issue. How did
you manage the situation?

You find a critical bug just before the release date,

and the product manager insists that it should be
released. How do you handle this situation?
=v

ad

10.
11.

12;

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

Tell me something about yourself.

Can you explain your automation framework ?

What is API testing, and why is it important ?
What is the difference between REST and SOAP
APIs?

What is the role of authentication and

authorization in API testing? How would you test
APls with OAuth2, JWT, or Basic Authentication?
What are the key aspects Vall Would test when
validating a RESTful API?

What performance metrics would you track when

testing an API?

What is Local Variable and Instance variable?

Why are strings immutable in Java?

How to convert String to Integer in Java?

Explain different access modifiers available in

Java?

Difference between Abstract Class and Interface?

What are the differences between ArrayList and

LinkedList?

What is the difference between super and this in

Java?

Explain the difference between

Assert.assertEquals and SoftAssert in TestNG.
What is the purpose of the @BeforeMethod and
@AfterMethod annotations in TestNG?

Program To Find The Largest Value From The

Given Array.

How to read a file line by line in Java?

Selenium WebDriver:
4) What are different types of locators in Selenium?
¥)) When do you use Xpath over CSS locators?
How to get a specific value from a dropdown and
reuse it in verifications?
“5 When do we use JavaScript Executors?
&) Is it possible to validate Captcha using Selenium? If
yes, how?
GC What should be the ideal way to store data using
Selenium WebDriver only?
Is it possible to use Xpath like parent/child/node/.. ? If
yes, provide an example where to use it?

What happens if you receive browser notifications

during test automation execution?
9 Why does Stale Element Exception occur, and how to
handle it?
(9 What is Invalid Certificate Exception?
APIs:
What are the components of an HTTP request?
What is the difference between API and unit
testing?
&) What is an HTTP response?
“5 How can we add validation points in Postman?
45) What do you understand by server-side validation?
(3) What is 3-tier architecture?
¥) What is the difference between web services and
APIs?
&:)) What is REST, SOAP, and GraphQL in APIs?
&:)) What do you test in standalone APIs?
i) What do you test in 3rd-party integrated APIs?
Postman:
at When to use collections, environments, and global
variables?
Ks How to execute a collection end-to-end?

How to validate that an API response has the correct

status code?
kal What happens when an API response returns Form
Data instead of JSON, and how to validate it?
%) How to set up Basic Auth in Postman?
(3) Where do you store environment credentials?
W/) How to save a demo response for an API request?
How will you validate an API request if VPN is
required for it to work?
9] How do you filter results in an API request using
Postman?
10} How to set up custom headers in Postman?
Git:

What are the different stages in committing the code

to GitHub?

ea) Is it possible to revert changes in a remote

repository? If yes, how?

When do you commit your code? After committing,

how do you validate that everyone has the updated
code?
kia How to merge stashed changes in a local
repository?

Why do we need a '.gitignore’ file? How do you add

files to it?
TestNG:
What is the execution format of tests in TestNG?
Can priority be negative for methods? If yes, what is
the execution flow as per priority?
&) What is the difference between
“dependsOnMethods’ and ‘dependsOnGroups ?
(9 What are the different ways to exclude tests in
TestNG?
( What does ‘threadPoolSize* mean in TestNG, and
how does it work?
(3) Why do we need *@BeforeSuite* and ‘@AfterSuite’
annotations?
2024 - Cognizant
Interview
Questions For
SDET/ QA
Automation

Engineers
5+ Years Experience
WaWNP

10.

ai. ’

12.

13.

14.

15.

Round -1

Tell me something about yourself.

Explain Automation Testing Framework ? ?
Explain agile processes and day-to-day activities ?

. How did you push and pull your code to remote ?

Can we use another framework instead of just

pom ?
Explain the difference between implicit wait and
explicit wait ? Sieheeh webs

You have written an automation script? It runs

‘sometimes and sometimes it gets stuck. What

may be the reason and how do you solve this ?

Absolute XPath vs Relative XPath? Which is
preferred. Which is preferred to be used & why ?

‘Suppose there are two login buttons, one in the

‘header and 2nd on the footer. Both have the same

property ? z How ih we aver ae 2nd Login

Le i
The Slee between method overloading and

method overriding ?

‘When to use implicit wait and when to use explicit

wait ? Tell with an. example.

How you cover end to end API testing ?

What are the exceptions faced while API testing ?

How do you modify JSON data and also provide

authentication for an API request ?Explain

different status code like 500, 201, 403 ?

ES a prcieam £0 Had tie lone >t substan

without repeating characters
bet lat

10.
11.

12:
13.

14.

16.

17.

systems (Git, SVN) in test script management?

Round -2

Tell me something about yourself.

Can you explain your project ?

Write a program to reverse each word in a

Stri ng? ) Learn with

Subhasish Mishra
Write a program to find duplicate words in

string ?.

Write a program to retrieve excel data ?

There is web table with 3 columns and 4 rows.
Find 2nd column rows to be sorted and get the

4th row value ?

Write steps to connect to DB and retrieve data

from DB?

Explain oops concepts, where you have used it ?

What is maven and how you use it in your

project ? 2

What is the page object model ? How are you

Learn with

using it in the project? «.,;cccr wishra

How you take a screenshot of the failed test

case ?
What is retesting and regression testing ?

How you debug your code manually or using

any automation for that ?

How do you handle testing when there are

continuous code changes ina sprint?

What is the difference between inner join and

outer join in SQL? :

How do you handle data-driven testing for
database validation?

What is your experience with version control

QA - Target for January 2025

Solve These Coding Questions

find the frequency of each element in the array

print the duplicate elements of an array

print the elements of an array in reverse order

print the largest element in an array

print the smallest element in an array

print the sum of all the items of the array

sort the elements of an array in ascending order

find Second Largest Number in an Array

find Second Smallest Number in an Array

print Odd and Even Numbers from an Array

remove all the white spaces in a string

Write a code in Java to prove that String objects are

immutable

program to count the number of words in a string

program to check whether a string is a Palindrome
Reverse a string

Remove Leading zeros

Print first letter of each word in a string

Given a string s, find the length of the longest substring

without repeating characters
XPath is a language used to locate elements in an XML
document.

In Selenium, it is widely used to locate elements on web

pages when other locators (like ID or name) are
unavailable or unreliable.

Absolute XPath: Starts from the root node (/) and

specifies the complete path.

Example: /html/body/div[1]/input

Relative XPath: Starts from any node using // and is more

flexible.

Example: //input[@id='username']

Using functions like contains(), starts-with(), or text().

Example 1: //button[contains(@class, 'submit')]
Example 2: //input[starts-with(@id, 'user')]

: Selects nodes in the document from the current node,

regardless of location.
/: Selects nodes in the document starting from the root
node.

Yes, by using operators like and and or.

Example: //input[@type='text' and @name='username']
Infosys QA Interview

Questions - 6+ Yr Exp

Sf Round 1: ( Technical )

«= : Tell me about your roles and responsibilities in

Project.

«> : Have you created framework from scratch ? Explain

architecture.

: Which design pattern you have used in framework ?

: Difference between Comparable and Comparator ?
: What are cases where you will use finally block ?

: What is 3 Amigos ?

: Difference between Scrum and Kanban

: Smoke VS Sanity Testing , Regression vs Retesting .

: In TestNg how will you ensure that screenshots will
be taken only for fail test cases.

«> : How to perform data driven testing in postman ?

« : What are the important validation you will put ona

API.

«> : Suppose you have 200 test case and 49 test failed ,
how would you collect the data of only failed test cases
in testNg. Best way ?

w : What is maven surefire plugin ?

4485454
sf Round 2 ( Technical )

«=~ : Explain how do you pick which test cases to

automate ?

«> : Write code to find Broken Links in Selenium

«> : How to you handle multiple frames ?

«> : You have 10 links how will you print title of each link
using selenium. Give Optimal approach

«> : In what cases we need to use implicit / explicit wait

«> : What is null pointer exception.

«> : Follow up question ( check question 3 ) , how would

you switch to parent frame.

«> : Difference between driver.get() vs

driver.navigate().to()

«> : How to handle Location popup in selenium ?

«> : How to handle dynamic dropdowns in Selenium ?

«> : default vs public access modifier.

«> : What is method hiding in Java ?

«> : Write Java code to print all the array elements that
appears atleast 2 times. (means 2 or greater than two)

#Round 3: (HR )

«> Salary discussion

QA Coding Questions

1. Move all zeros in an array to the end.

Example: Arr[] = {1,0,7,0,4,0,5,0} > Output:

[1,7,4,5,0,0,0,0]

2. Move all odd numbers to the front and even numbers

to the end in an array.

Example: Arr[] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8} > Output:

[1,3,5,7,2,4,6,8]

3. Reverse alternate words in a given string.

Example: str = "selenium cypress playwright

webdriverio" > Output: "selenium sserpyc playwright
iorevirdbew"

4. Reverse the vowels in each word of a given string.

Example: str = “same hello dame" > Output: "sema holle
dema"

5. Print the first non-repeated character in a given string.

Example: str = "sillyspiders" > Output: "y"

6. Reverse an array in subsets of size N.

Example: If N=3, Arr[] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9} > Output:

[3,2,1,6,5,4,9,8,7]

7. Print characters with their occurrence in a given string.

Example: str = "aabbbccccddddd" > Output:
"a2b3c4d5"

8. Map the position of elements from one list to another.

Example: list1 = {1,2,3,4,5,8}, list2 = {8,4,5,2,1,3} >
Output: (4=1, 3=2,5=3, 1=4, 2=5, 0=8]

9. Find the first negative number in each sliding window

of size N in an array.

Example: arr[] = {1, -1, 3, 4, -5, 6, -8, 5, -6}, N=3 >

Output: [-1, -5, -8]

10. Capitalize the first letter of each word in a given

string.

Example: str = "i love coding" > Output: "| Love Coding"
Important QA Automation

Interview Questions

1. Write a Page Object Model for a login page that has

a username field, password field, and login button.
Include methods for invalid and valid login scenarios.

2. In framework suppose you have 100 pages , do you

create 100 page Objects

3. Write a Selenium script that waits for a dynamically

loaded element

4. Write a Selenium script to open a new tab, navigate

to a different URL, and verify the title of the new page.
5. Implement a TestNG listener to take a screenshot of
a failed test case.

6. Create a Cucumber feature file for a search

functionality in an e-commerce application, including
steps for filtering results by category.

7. Explain how you handle shared test data between

multiple Cucumber scenarios.

8. What is an ElementClickinterceptedException? Give

scenarios where this might occur and explain how to
resolve it.

9. How to handle stale element exceptions in

Selenium?
10. Explain the purpose of Actions class in Selenium.
Can you use it to perform a double-click action?

11. How to handle file uploads and downloads using

Selenium WebDriver?

12. What are Fluent Waits in Selenium, and when would

you use them instead of Explicit Waits?

13. Create a JMeter test plan with 50 threads that hit a

sample API endpoint and measure response times.

14. Add assertions to check that the response time for

the API is under 2 seconds.

15. Configure an Azure Pipeline to trigger automated

tests in a Selenium framework upon every code commit.
16. How to integrate Azure DevOps with your
automation test framework?

17. Explain the purpose of Azure Pipelines and how they

can be configured to run test suites automatically.

18. Write a program to sort a list of Employee objects by

name (using Comparable) and by salary (using
Comparator).

19. Implement a program to demonstrate static and

dynamic binding in Java.

20. You report a bug that the developer refuses to fix,

saying it's "not reproducible." Write steps to handle the
situation professionally.
agi gustons rom wis tor 23 yr prec

1a) Write a code to fetch data from one excel sheet and
dump into the other excel sheet ?

1b) Among all the given locator which locator is fastest of

all?

2) If the method fails to find the element which of the

two methods throws you the expectations?

3) Why should we use selenium?

4) How to execute multiple Test cases at a time In

TestNG?

5) Which method allows you to change control from one

window to other?

6) Which annotations executed first?

7) Which open source tolls allows us to read and write

Ms Excel file using Java?

8) How many types of XPath are there in selenium?

9) In selenium 4,which of the following method allows us

to take screenshot of a specific web element?

10) Which language use in gherkins?

11) When you only want to access a single element ona

webpage which method will you use?

12) Which class is used for drop-down in selenium?

13) Which component of selenium is most important?

14) Which keywords use in gherkins?

15) How many locators does selenium has in total?

16) Which exception is shown in selenium when there is
a delay in the loading time of the elements with which we
are Interacting?

17) Write correct syntax for absolute path and Relative

xpath

18) What is User interface testing?

19) Which XPath search dissimilar nodes in XML

document from the current node

20) What do you mean by open source software

21) Which of following browser support selenium?

22) Which method are present in POM to locate

webelement?

23) Which type of wait command waits for a certain

amount of time before it throws an exception?

24) Which tool you will use to manage and organised jar
and lib in automation?

25) _ is a type of change related testing performed after

fixing a defect to confirm that a failure caused by the
defect does not reoccur

26) Which type of XPath start with a double forward

Slash?

27) Which type of XPath start with a single forward

Slash?

28) How many types of wait commands does the

selenium web driver provide?

29) Which of the following waits takes timeout and

polling frequency as it's parameter?
5 LeetCode Array

Problems for SDETs

- Two Sum - Find two numbers in an array that add up to

a specific target.

- Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array - Eliminate

duplicate elements in a sorted array.

- Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock - Maximize profit by

choosing the best days to buy and sell stocks.

- Rotate Array - Rotate an array by k steps to the right.

- Plus One - Increment a large integer represented as an

array by one.
Selenium Interview questions

for 3-5 years of experience

1.what is the advantage of selenium Webdriver?

2.What is the difference between findElement and

findElements in selenium?

3. How do you locate elements on a web page using

Selenium WebDriver?

4. What are the different types of locators supported by

Selenium WebDriver?

5. How do you handle dynamic elements on a web page

in Selenium?

6. What is the importance of implicit and explicit waits in

Selenium WebDriver?

7. How do you handle multiple windows and frames using

Selenium WebDriver?

8. Explain the concept of TestNG and how it is used with

Selenium for test automation?

9. How do you perform mouse and keyboard actions

using SeleniumWebDriver?

10. What are the advantages and limitations of Selenium

for test automation?

11. How do you handle SSL certificates and security-

related issues in Selenium?

12. Can you automate testing for mobile applications

using Selenium? If yes, how?

13. How do you manage test data and test configurations

in Selenium tests?

14. What is Page Object Model (POM), and why is it used

in Selenium automation?

15. How do you handle exceptions and errors in Selenium

WebDriver scripts?

16. How to take screenshot in selenium ?

17. Data provider in the TESTNG?

18. How to validate links are valid or not on the webpage?

19. How you manage drag and drop activity in

selenium ?

20.what is the use of testng.xml file?

Mphasis Interview Questions

For QA Automation Role

L1 Round:

1. How can you fetch data from an Excel sheet

programmatically?

2. How do you write XPath for radio buttons?

3. What is the difference between findElement and

findElements in Selenium?

4. Write a Java program to find the second-largest

element in an array.

5. Explain the framework you have worked on.

6. What is an interface in Java, and how is it used?

7. Explain method overloading and method overriding
with examples.

L2 Round:

1. Write a program to find the highest integer in an array.

2. Provide a detailed explanation of your framework.

3. Write an XPath for a given scenario.

4. Write an SQL query to retrieve the details of all

employees from the emp table for a given scenario
How to explain test

automation framework

#So We are using a maven Project to manage all

dependencies which our project requires and using
testNg as framework. Along with testNg framework we
are using Data Driven Approach using TestNg
@DataProvider annotation so we can run our tests
multiple times with different Data.

#Folder 1 (src/test/java)

We have src/test/java folder where we have one package

named #testcases and we are maintaining all our test
case files (java files). Ex : LoginTest.java

We are using @Test Annotation for tests.

#Folder 2 (src/test/resources) [7

Inside src/test/resources we have one package with

name #utilities where we maintained our data.properties
file containing url and username and password data. Our
excel files are also present inside this utilities package.

#Folder 3 (src/mainjjava) @
«> In this folder we have one package named

#pageobjects where we stored all our locators for each

webpage of our application.
«> In this folder we have one package with name
#baseTest inside this we have our base.java file from
where we invoke our browsers, we are using the concept
of ThreadLocal class for thread safety so we can run
tests in parallel, also we are extending this base class in
every tests. Also we are loading our properties file inside
base class. Also we are using @BeforeSuite (for
launching browsers ) and @AfterSuite (for closing
browser)

«> In this Folder we have the #listener

package too, inside that we have Listeners.java class

that implements |TestListener interface so we can
control flow of execution like taking screenshots for
failed test case and attaching them with extent reports.

#extent reports we are using. We kept extent.properties

file in src/test/resources folder [7

#testng.xmli: This file we have maintained to run multiple

tests also this file is properly configured in our pom.xml
file using Maven Surefire Plugin so we can easily run our
testng.xml from maven command. Note : Memorize how
testng.xml file looks sometimes interviewer can ask you
to write sample testng.xml file on notepad.

#Our Project is configured in jenkins we have provided

our pom.xml path in jenkins and using mvn clean test
command to run our test cases.
CGI QA Automation

Interview Questions

aq Self intro
=a Project explanation

©) Among all the given locator which locator is fastest of

all?

If the method fails to find the element which of the

two methods throws you the expectations?

What is selenium?

~) How to execute multiple Test cases at a time in

TestNG?

Which method allows you to change control from one

window to other?

© Which annotations executed first?

©) Which open source tolls allows us to read and write

Ms Excel file using Java?

=) How many types of XPath are there in selenium?

= In selenium 4,which of the following method allows us

to take screenshot of a specific web element?

= Which language use in gherkins?

=) When you only want to access a single element on a

webpage which method will you use?

Ga Which class is used for drop-down in selenium?

©) Which component of selenium is most important?

Which keywords use in gherkins?
~ 2 How many locators does selenium has?
=) Which exception is shown in selenium when there is a
delay in the loading time of the elements with which we
are interacting?

Write correct syntax for absolute path

What is Ui testing?

Which XPath search dissimilar nodes in XML

document from the current node
© What do you mean by open source software
© Which of following browser support selenium?
©) Which method are present in POM to locate
webelement?
63 Which type of wait command waits for a certain
amount of time before it throws an exception?
> Which tool you will use to manage and organised jar
and lib in automation?
Which type of XPath start with a double forward
slash?
Which type of XPath start with a single forward
slash?
> How many types of wait commands does the
selenium web driver provide?
Which of the following waits takes timeout and
polling frequency as it’s parameter?
QA Interview questions for

WNS 2-3 years experience

1a) Write a code to fetch data from one excel sheet and
dump into the other excel sheet ?

1b) Among all the given locator which locator is fastest of

all’?

2) If the method fails to find the element which of the

two methods throws you the expectations?

3) Why should we use selenium?

4) How to execute multiple Test cases at a time in

TestNG?

5) Which method allows you to change control from one

window to other?

6) Which annotations executed first?

7) Which open source tolls allows us to read and write

Ms Excel file using Java?

8) How many types of XPath are there in selenium?

9) In selenium 4,which of the following method allows us

to take screenshot of a specific web element?

10) Which language use in gherkins?

11) When you only want to access a single element ona

webpage which method will you use?

12) Which class is used for drop-down in selenium?

13) Which component of selenium is most important?

14) Which keywords use in gherkins?

15) How many locators does selenium has in total?

16) Which exception is shown in selenium when there is
a delay in the loading time of the elements with which we
are interacting?

17) Write correct syntax for absolute path and Relative

xpath

18) What is User interface testing?

19) Which XPath search dissimilar nodes in XML

document from the current node

20) What do you mean by open source software

21) Which of following browser support selenium?

22) Which method are present in POM to locate

webelement?

23) Which type of wait command waits for a certain

amount of time before it throws an exception?

24) Which tool you will use to manage and organised jar
and lib in automation?

25) _ is a type of change related testing performed after

fixing a defect to confirm that a failure caused by the
defect does not reoccur

26) Which type of XPath start with a double forward

slash?

27) Which type of XPath start with a single forward

slash?

28) How many types of wait commands does the

selenium web driver provide?

29) Which of the following waits takes timeout and

polling frequency as it's parameter?
Different Types of

Automation Framework

Linear Automation Framework: We records each step

such as navigation, user input, or checkpoints, and then
plays the script back automatically to conduct the test.
No wrappers are created in such framework.

Examples: Selenium IDE, HP QTP, Even Jmeter with

Blazemeter etc.

J Modular Based Testing Framework: We need to break

down the application into individual modules, a test
script is created for each part and then combined to
build larger tests in a hierarchical fashion.

Abstraction layers such as Utility, BaseTests etc. are

created to prevent any major or minor changes to the
Test files.

Examples: Mostly used with Robot Framework etc.

Library Architecture Framework: Based on using
Modular Framework, Instead of dividing the application
under test into the various scripts that need to be run,
similar tasks within the scripts are identified and later
grouped by function, so the application is ultimately
broken down by common objectives.

This library can be a code file, excel, YAML, JSON etc.

lf you see the use of Keyword driven frameworks created

using Excel files, then those are primarily created using
Library Architecture.

(J Data Driven Framework: Using a data-driven

framework separates the test data from script logic,
meaning testers can store data externally.

Setting up a data-driven test framework will allow the

tester to store and pass the input/ output parameters to
test scripts from an external data source, such as Excel
Spreadsheets, Text Files, CSV files, SQL Tables, or JDBC
repositories

(9 Hybrid Test Automation Framework: As the name

suggests, a hybrid framework is a combination of any of
the previously mentioned frameworks set up to leverage
the advantages of some and mitigate the weaknesses of
others.
Oracle Interview Questions
for QA - 4 Years Experience

1. Introduce yourself.
2. Write a test case for the scenario where the search
button on amazon was not working and you raised an
issue.
3. Write complete steps for navigating to google in
selenium ?
4, What is WebDriver ?Interface or class ?
5. Can't we write ChromeDriver instead of WebDriver and
why ?
6. Do you know the difference between class and
interfaces ?
7. Why can't we write class logic in the interface instead
of writing in class implementing it ?
8. Java program to find second max element from an
array ?
9. Please let us know your participation in developing the
framework for your project ?
10. Kindly explain for pojo classes and how to send
requests and extract responses in API automation ?
Write the logic ?
11. DO you know Jenkins can you build a pipeline ?
12. Can we use the script to create Jenkins pipeline ?
13. Write a Linux command to create a file ?
14. We have table

EmpID EmpName Salary

Fetch 2nd and 3rd largest salary of emp with name ?

HCL QA Interview Questions

Round 1:
1. Describe your experience with various automation
testing tools?
2. How do you approach designing a robust automation
framework from scratch ? What are the key components
you can consider ?
3. Can you explain the difference between data-driven
testing and keyword-driven testing ? Provide examples
of when you might use each approach ?
4. What strategies do you employ for handling dynamic
elements or elements with changing attribution in
automation scripts ?
5. Have you worked with Continuous integration/
continuous deployment(Cl/CD) pipelines in your
automation projects ?If you so, describe your

role and contributions to the process ?

6. Describe a particularly challenging automation
problem you encountered in your previous projects? How
did you solve i
7. How do you handle testing of web services or APIs in
your automation projects ?
8. Have you integrated your automation tests with any
test management or bug tracking tools? If yes how did
you approach it and what benefits did you provide ?
9. Can you discuss a scenario where you had to perform
cross browser testing in your automation projects ? How
did you ensure compatibility

across different browsers ?

10. How do you handle test data management and data-
driven testing in your automation projects ?
Round 2:
1. Explain your experience in designing and implementing
automation frameworks ? what design patterns have you
utilized and why ?
2. Describe your experience with test driven
development and behaviour driven development ? How
do these methodologies influence your

automation testing practices ?

3. Have you implemented any strategies for parallel test
execution in your automation frameworks ? How do you
ensure optimal resource utilization and testing
efficiency ?
4. Can you discuss your experience with integrating
automation tests into the Cl/CD pipeline? How do you
ensure fast feedback loops and

reliable test results within a continuous delivery

environment ?
5. How do you handle testing of microservices
architecture in your automation projects ? What
challenges have you encountered, and how

did you address them ?

6. Describe your approach to handle non functional
testing aspects such as security, performance and
accessibility testing within your automation frameworks ?
7. Have you implemented any techniques for automating
the testing of the mobile application beyond traditional
Ul automation ?
8. How do you ensure comprehensive test coverage in
your automation suites especially in scenarios involving
complex logics ?

Round 3:

1. Tell us something about your achievements ?

2. Why did you leave your last job ?

3. Salary expectation ?
Zeta Interview Questions

for SDETs 4-7 Years Exp

1. Given an unsorted array of integers, find the third

largest number in the array. If the array has less than 3
distinct numbers

return the largest number ?

Example

Input:

arr=[2,4,1,5,3,6]

Output:

Explaination:

The sorted array in descending order is[6,5,4,3,2,1]. The

third largest number is 4.

2. Given an array Of Strings, group the strinbgs that are

anagrams of each other.

Example:

Input:

arr=["eat""tea","tan","ate""nat"," bat"]

Output:

[["eat,"tea""ate"],["tan","nat"],["bat"]]

Explaination: The group of anagrams are

["eat,"tea","ate"],["tan","nat"] and ["bat"]
3. Given an array of integers, find the largest number
that does not have any duplicates in an array.

Example:

Input:

arr=[4,3,2,7,3,4,8]

Output:

Explaination: The unique numbers are [2,7,8] and the

largest among themis 8

4. Java program to find second max element from an

array ?

5. How do you handle multiple windows and iframes.

Explain via code ?

6. How do you handle SSL certificates and security

relates issues in Selenium ?

7. How do you handle exceptions and errors in

Selenium ?

8. What are the advantages and limitations of Selenium

for test automation ?
API Automation Interview

Questions for QA/ SDETs

(@ What is API automation testing? How does it differ

from UI! automation testing?

“J What are the advantages of API automation testing?

S How do you select the appropriate tools and

frameworks for API automation testing?

a | Explain the steps involved in testing an API.

© What are the commonly used HTTP methods in API

testing?

What is the difference between GET and POST

methods in AP! testing?

How do you handle authentication and authorization

in API automation testing?

§) What is JSON? How do you parse and validate JSON

responses in API automation testing?

©) what is the role of assertions in AP! automation

testing?

@ How do you handle dynamic data in API responses

during automation?

What is endpoint testing, and how do you perform

it?

(B® How do you handle error responses and status

codes in API automation testing?

6) &) what are some common challenges faced in API

automation testing, and how do you overcome them?
2025 - Deloitte
Interview
Questions For
S DET/ QA
Engineers

5+ Years
Experience

| q
: al : | | |
r i | } |
Round -1

1. Explain about yourself and your roles and

responsibilities.

2. Write Java code to reverse a string while preserving

the whitespace.

3. Given an SQL table, find the second-largest salary of

an employee.

4. Explain the concept of joins and list the different types

of joins available.

. What is LinkedHashMap ? Explain its use.

Explain black-box testing and white-box testing.

7. What is the difference between an exception and an

error?

8. Difference between findElement and findElements .

9. What is the difference between implicit wait and

explicit wait?

10.Write Selenium code to automate a calendar

WebElement.

11.How would you fetch the text from a text box in

Selenium?

12.How do you enter text in an alert using Selenium?

13.What is the difference between checked and

unchecked exceptions?

14.If an XPath selects two elements on a webpage, does

findElement throw an exception?

15.Explain smoke testing and sanity testing.

16.What are relative locators in Selenium?

17.Explain the challenges you faced in your project.

18.How would you pick test cases for regression testing?

19.What do you achieve through Git?

20.Do you know what is ci/cd pipeline ?

au
Round -2

. Tell me something about yourself ?

. Explain your framework in detail.

3. In your framework, if you have 100 pages, do you

create 100 Page Objects?

4. What is an “Element click intercepted” exception, and

how do you fix it?

5. How do you take screenshots for failed test cases only

in TestNG?

6. Explain how to connect your test cases with Azure.

7. What is the get fetch command?

8. In Postman, how do you delete a variable after test

execution is finished?

9. Why do you prefer using Cucumber BDD in your

project?

10.Explain dynamic binding and static binding.

11.What is method overloading, and what is method

overriding?

12.What is the difference between Comparable and

Comparator?

13.How would you conclude that a login page is user-

friendly?

14.What are 5 points you consider when writing a good

test case?

15.Suppose a developer is not fixing a bug; how would

you approach the situation?

16.What are threads in JMeter?

17.Can you automate captchas?

18.In what cases would you require fluent waits?

19.In Selenium, how would you open a new tab?

20. In Jenkins, what is the purpose of a CRON expression?

N
“AOU Bh WN

Round -3

. Tell us something about yourself.

. Why are you looking for a change ?

. What you liked most in your previous job ?

. Why are you interested in this position?

. Where do you see yourself in next 5 years?

. Salary expectation.

. Notice period and How soon you can join ?

Manual Testing Interview Questions

1. Difference between Functional and Non-Functional

Testing?

2. Difference between Smoke and Sanity Testing?

3. What is STLC (Software Testing Life Cycle)?

4. What is the Bug Life Cycle?

5. Difference between Test Scenarios and Test Cases?

6. Have you worked in Agile methodologies? Explain it.
7. Key points to consider while writing a Test Case?

8. Difference between Alpha and Beta Testing?

9. Is 100% automation possible?

10. Important aspects to consider while logging a bug?

11. Which tool do you use for writing test cases?

12. Which test cases cannot be automated?

13. How many test cases do you cover in a single sprint?

UST Global - QA Automation

Interview Questions:

. What are all the versions of selenium?

. Can you please tell the return type of all the

lements?

. Howwill you handle dynamics elements?

. What is HTTP Methods?

. Explain the use of an object repository in Selenium

properties file).

. How do you store data in a .properties file?

. What is Page Factory in Selenium?

8. What is the difference between @BeforeClass and

@BeforeTest in TestNG?

9. What are the tasks typically written under the

@BeforeTest annotation?

10. How can you skip a test case in Cucumber?

11. How do you rerun failed test cases in TestNG?

12. How do you group and run test cases in TestNG?
13. What would you include under the @BeforeSuite
annotation?

14. Can you explain the different locators used in

Selenium?

15. What is a collection in Java?

16. Explain the hierarchy of exceptions in Java.

1
2
e
3
4
5
(
6
7
HCL Tech QA -

Automation .
Interview Questions
Round 1:

1. Describe your experience with various automation

testing tools?

2. How do you approach designing a robust automation

framework from scratch ? What are the key components
you can consider ?

3. Can you explain the difference between data-driven

testing and keyword-driven testing ? Provide examples
of when you might use each approach ?

4. What strategies do you employ for handling dynamic

elements or elements with changing attribution in
automation scripts ?

5. Have you worked with Continuous integration/

continuous deployment(Cl/CD) pipelines in your
automation projects ?If you so, describe your

role and contributions to the process ?

6. Describe a particularly challenging automation

problem you encountered in your previous projects? How
did you solve |

7. How do you handle testing of web services or APIs in

your automation projects ?

8. Have you integrated your automation tests with any

test management or bug tracking tools? If yes how did
you approach it and what benefits did you provide ?

9. Can you discuss a scenario where you had to perform

cross browser testing in your automation projects ? How
did you ensure compatibility

across different browsers ?

10. How do you handle test data management and data-

driven testing in your automation projects ?
Round 2:

1. Explain your experience in designing and implementing

automation frameworks ? what design patterns have you
utilized and why ?

2. Describe your experience with test driven

development and behaviour driven development ? How
do these methodologies influence your

automation testing practices ?

3. Have you implemented any strategies for parallel test

execution in your automation frameworks ? How do you
ensure optimal resource utilization and testing
efficiency ?

4. Can you discuss your experience with integrating

automation tests into the Cl/CD pipeline? How do you
ensure fast feedback loops and

reliable test results within a continuous delivery

environment ?

5. How do you handle testing of microservices

architecture in your automation projects ? What
challenges have you encountered, and how

did you address them ?

6. Describe your approach to handle non functional

testing aspects such as security, performance and
accessibility testing within your automation frameworks ?
7. Have you implemented any techniques for automating
the testing of the mobile application beyond traditional
Ul automation ?

8. How do you ensure comprehensive test coverage in

your automation suites especially in scenarios involving
complex logics ?
Round 3:
1. Tell us something about your achievements ?

2. Why did you leave your last job ?

3. Salary expectation?
SDET Interview Questions
Experience: 3 to 8 years

1) Provide me a brief overview of the tools and

technologies you have worked on?

2) Describe Smoke, Sanity and Regression Testing? Why

do we need to use these 3?

3) Find me the first and last occurrence of the letter ‘a’ in

amazonaanazzz with index number

4) How do you specify environment variables for Maven?

5) How do you specify a property in Maven that can be
overridden at build time?

6) How will you execute methods or test cases in TestNG

in a different order/your order?

7) What is the difference between @Factory and

@Dataprovider annotations?

8) Write the code snipped for passing values 1 and 2 to

the parameters val1 and val2 through the XML file.

9) How to test or handle browser notifications?

10) Explain different xpath axes?

11) Give an example of method overloading concept that
you have used in Selenium?

12) Give a scenario where an interface is used in your

framework?

13) Can we have static methods in an Interface?

14) Ina class implementing an interface, can we change

the value of any variable defined in the interface?

15) How to search for text in the current working repo/

directory?

16) How to save local changes made without committing

or moving them to a remote repository?

17) y default which join is implemented in SQL?

18) What happens when CI/CD jobs stop in between?

19) How do you manage CI/CD pipeline when high
priority scenarios fail during execution?

20) What is the difference between HTTPS, SSL and

TLS?

21) How would you handle authentication in Cucumber

scenarios for web applications?
1. BDD Fundamentals

What is BDD, and how does it differ from TDD?

What are the key benefits of using BDD in test

automation?

Explain the Gherkin language and its syntax.

What are feature files in Cucumber, and how are they

structured?

Can you explain the significance of Given, When, Then,

And, But in BDD?

2. Cucumber with Selenium

How do you integrate Cucumber with Selenium in a Java-

based framework?

How do you set up a Cucumber project in Maven?

What are step definitions, and how do they work in

Cucumber?

How do you handle parameters in step definitions?

What is a Cucumber Hook, and when do you use

@Before and @After?

How do you implement data-driven testing in Cucumber

using Examples and Scenario Outline?

Explain the difference between Background and Hooks In

Cucumber.

How do you execute multiple scenarios in a single test

run?
3. Cucumber Framework Design

What is the role of the Runner class in Cucumber?

How do you use CucumberOptions annotations?

What are Tags in Cucumber, and how do you use them

for selective test execution?

How do you handle dependency injection in Cucumber

for maintaining test data?

What are the best practices for structuring a Cucumber

framework?

How do you implement a page object model (POM) ina

BDD framework?

How do you handle synchronization issues in Cucumber

with Selenium?

4. Reporting in Cucumber

What are the different reporting options available in

Cucumber?

How do you generate Cucumber HTML reports?

How do you integrate Cucumber with Extent Reports or

Allure Reports?
5. Cucumber Advanced Topics

How do you integrate Cucumber with Jenkins for Cl/CD?

How do you pass data between different step
definitions?

How do you handle API testing in BDD using RestAssured

and Cucumber?

How do you implement parallel execution in Cucumber?

Explain the use of ScenarioContext or TestContext in
Cucumber.

6. Debugging & Troubleshooting

How do you handle failures in a Cucumber framework?

How do you debug a failing Cucumber scenario?

What are some common errors in Cucumber, and how do

you resolve them?

7. Real-Time Scenarios

How would you design a Cucumber BDD framework for

an e-commerce application?

Can you explain a real-time challenge you faced in a

Cucumber project and how you solved it?
SDET / QA Interview

Questions for 5 to 10
years of Experience
Core Java:

-> What is the difference between ArrayList and

LinkedList?

-> Explain the concept of Multithreading In Java.

-> What is the difference between Abstract Class and

Interface?

-> How does Garbage Collection work in Java?

-> Explain the concept of Serialization and

Deserialization in Java.

-> Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, and

Polymorphism

-> What is the difference between Overloading and

Overriding?

-> What is the difference between String, StringBuffer,

and StringBuilder?

-> How to achieve abstraction in Java?

Selenium:

-> What is the difference between WebDriver and

RemoteWebDriver?

-> How do you handle dynamic elements in Selenium?

-> Explain the concept of PageObject Model in Selenium.
-> How do you handle multiple browser windows/tabs in
Selenium?

-> What are the ways to handle iFrames in Selenium?

Automation Frameworks:

-> What are the different types of Automation

Frameworks (Data-Driven, Keyword-Driven, Hybrid,
etc.)?

-> How would you design a Hybrid Automation

Framework?

-> What is the role of a Test Data Management tool in an

Automation Framework?

-> How do you handle test data parameterization in an

Automation Framework?
API:

-> What is the difference between SOAP and REST APIs?

-> Explain the different HTTP methods used in REST
APlIs (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE).

-> How do you handle authentication and authorization

in REST APIs?

-> What are the best practices for designing and testing
REST APIs?

-> How would you test the performance of a REST API?

BDD (Cucumber):

-> What is the Gherkin syntax used in Cucumber?

-> Explain the different components of Cucumber

(Feature Files, Step Definitions, Hooks, etc.).

-> How do you handle data parameterization in

Cucumber scenarios?

-> How would you integrate Cucumber with Selenium for

Ul automation?
Maven/Gradle:

-> What is the purpose of a build tool like Maven or

Gradle?

-> Explain the different phases of the Maven build

lifecycle.

-> How do you handle dependencies in Maven/Gradle

projects?

-> What are the benefits of using Maven/Gradle for

project management?

-> How do you create and manage plugins in Maven/

Gradle?

GIT:

-> What is the difference between Git and GitHub?

-> Explain the different Git commands (commit, push,
pull, merge, )

-> How do you handle conflicts in Git?

-> What is the purpose of branching in Git?

-> How would you revert to a previous commit in Git?

10 Important Selenium -

OA Interview Questions

1. Name 5 selenium exceptions (NosuchElement,

TimeoutException, StaleElement etc)

2. What are the new features of selenium 4.0

3. Find XPath (the interviewer most of the time asks to

open the Amazon website and asks to write XPath of
tricky elements)

4. How will you capture screenshots?

5. What is a stale element exception in selenium?

6. Explain your framework in detail.

7. What are 3 major challenges you faced while

automating UI?

8. What are listeners in TestNG?

9. on failure you want to run the same test case 2 times

how will you handle it?

10. Write code to read data from Excel file.

OA Automation
Testing Interview

Questions For
Experience
Range 2-5 Years
@ Java Questions:

1. What are the main principles of Object-Oriented

Programming (OOP)?

2. Can you explain the difference between == and

equals() in Java?

3. How do you handle exceptions in Java?

4. What is the purpose of the final keyword in Java?

5. Explain the concept of inheritance and its types in
Java.

6. What are Java Collections, and can you name some

commonly used interfaces?

7. What is the difference between an List and a Set?

8. Can you explain the concept of finally?

9. Why String is Immutable in Java?

@ Selenium Questions:

1. What is Selenium, and how does it differ from other

testing tools?

2. How do you locate elements in Selenium? Can you

explain the different locator strategies?

3. What are the advantages of using Selenium WebDriver

over Selenium IDE?

4. How do you handle alerts and pop-ups in Selenium?

5. Can you explain the Page Object Model (POM) design
pattern?

6. How do you perform cross-browser testing using

Selenium?

7. What is the difference between implicit wait, explicit

wait, and fluent wait?

8. How do you take screenshots in Selenium?

9. Can you explain how to handle dynamic web elements

in Selenium?

10. What are some common challenges you face while

automating tests with Selenium?
@ Testing Concepts:

1. What is the difference between functional and non-

functional testing?

2. Can you explain the concept of test automation

frameworks?

3. How do you ensure the reliability and maintainability of

your automated tests?

4. What is regression testing, and why is it important?

5. Can you explain the difference between smoke testing

and sanity testing?

6. What is a test case, and what are its key components?

7. How do you prioritize test cases in your testing
strategy?

8. What is the role of Continuous Integration/Continuous

Deployment (CI/CD) in testing?

9. How do you measure the effectiveness of your test

automation?

10. Can you explain the concept of Behavior-Driven

Development (BDD)?
@ Programming Questions:

1. Write a function to reverse a string in Java.

2. How would you implement a simple test case using

JUnit/TestNG?

3. Program to print even numbers from 1 to 100

4. Write a program to find the factorial of a number using

recursion.

5. How do you sort an array in Java? Can you implement

a sorting algorithm?

6. Write a function to check if a string is a palindrome.

7. How would you implement a simple login functionality

using Java?

8. Can you write a program to find the largest and

smallest numbers in an array?

9. Explain the concept of recursion with an example.

10. How do you handle null values in Java?

CGI Interview

Questions for
4 Java & OOPs Concepts ¥

@ What is the final keyword in Java?

@ What is a constructor? Can we override a

constructor?

@ Where is a constructor used in your framework?

@ What is abstraction?

@ How to achieve multiple abstraction in Java?

@ What is an interface?

@ What is encapsulation? Where have you used it in

your project?

@ What is polymorphism? Where have you applied it in

your framework?

@ What is method overloading and method overriding?

Explain both and where you used them in your
framework?

@ Have you used collections in your framework?

@ What is the static keyword in Java?

@ What is memory management in Java?

@ What is garbage collection in Java?

@ Difference between constructor overloading and

method overloading?

@ What are exceptions in Java?

@ List some exceptions you faced during automation

and how you handled them.
#@ Selenium & Web Automation#

@ How do you handle dynamic web elements?

@ Write the syntax of the Select class and explain its

methods.

@ How do you handle iFrames?

@ How do you determine whether an element is an

iFrame or not?

@ How do you handle mouse actions in Selenium?

@ How do you handle keyboard actions in Selenium?
@ How do you press the ENTER key using the Actions
class? Write the syntax.

@ How do you use the SHIFT key to type uppercase

letters in Selenium? Write the syntax.

@ How to handle dynamic elements?

@ How to print all the links from a webpage? Where do

you store those links?

@ How to check for broken links? How would you

validate each link if there are 20 links on a page?

@ What is the finally block in Java?

@ Difference between throw and throws?

@ Difference between findElement() and

findElements()?
“ Cucumber & TestNG ¥

@ Explain your framework structure.

@ How do you perform parallel execution in your

framework?

@ What are Cucumber options?

4 Git & Version Control ¥

@ Which version control system are you using?

@ If you join a new project, what Git commands do you

use from start to end? What are the stages you follow?
(Write in Notepad)

4 SQL & Linux¥

@ Do you have any idea about SQL? Tell me a few

queries you performed.
@ Do you have any idea about Linux commands?

“ Scenario-Based Questions ¥

@ You have 3 frames (Frame A, Frame B, Frame C).

After clicking Frame C, the application opens another tab
containing a login, password, and sign-in button. Write
the Selenium automation script for this scenario (in
Notepad).

@ If you have 20+ links on a webpage, how would you

check if each link is valid?
Different Types of Frameworks

1) Data-Driven Framework

Test data is stored externally (Excel, CSV, JSON, DB).

The script reads data and executes test cases multiple
times with different inputs.

Example: Using Apache POI to read Excel data in

Selenium.

2) Keyword-Driven Framework

Keywords (predefined actions) are stored in an external

file.

Test scripts execute actions based on keywords.

Example: ClickButton, EnterText, VerifyTitle.

3) Hybrid Framework
Combination of Data-Driven & Keyword-Driven.
Uses external test data along with predefined keywords.

4) Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) Framework

Uses Cucumber (Given-When-Then format).

Easy to read and understand (Gherkin language).

Example: Given user is on the login page, When user
enters valid credentials, Then user should see the
homepage.

5) Modular Framework

Tests are divided into independent modules.

Each module has reusable functions.

Example: LoginModule, SearchModule, CartModule.

Page Object Model (POM) Framework

Separates test logic from UI elements.

Uses Page Classes for each web page.

Improves maintainability and reusability.

Valuelabs SDET Interview

Questions For 3 to 7 years

1. Please introduce yourself.

2. Please explain your Automation Framework, all the

components.

3. What is a Page Object Model?

4. How do you run your test cases in parallel in

Cucumber?

5. Explain the contents of the Runner File in Cucumber?

6. What is a Singleton Design Pattern?

7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the

Page Object Model?

8. What is Selenium Grid?

9. Explain the WebDriver create statement line?

11. Explain the Maven Lifecycle?

12. How do you run the failed test cases?

13. How do you generate Reports in Selenium?

14. How do you customise reports after your test

execution?
15. What kind of waits are there in Selenium?

16. Write the Code Snippet for Explicit Wait?

17. Write the Code Snippet for Drag and Drop in

Selenium?

18. How do you switch to different Windows in Selenium?

19. Why do we use SET in Window Handles?

20. Write the Code for taking screenshot in Selenium?

21. What is the difference between Scenario and
Scenario Outline in Cucumber?

22. How do you pass data to your Selenium Scripts?

23. How do you decide the priorities of your Test Cases?

24. If you want to execute one test case again and again
how do you do that?

25. What are the different annotations used in TestNG?

26. Write the hierarchy of annotations in TestNG?

27. What is the defect life cycle?

28. What is the difference between Agile and Waterfall

Model?

29. What is the difference between 201 and 204 Status

Code?

30. What is the difference between 401 and 403 Status

Code?

31. What are the components of an API Request?

32. What is the difference between Query Parameters

and Path Parameters?

33. How do you resolve Conflicts in Git?

34. What is the difference between git pull and git

patch?

35. Explain the use of Jenkins in the Automation

Framework?
Accenture QA 2-3 Year

Interview Questions

1. How do you prioritize #test #cases?

2. Can you write a #sample #code to find #duplicates in

an #array?

3. Explain the difference between an #interface and an

#abstract class in #Java.

4. How do you perform cross-browser testing?

5. Describe a situation where you had to use

#exploratory #testing.

6. What is #automation testing and why is it important?

7. How do you handle incomplete or ambiguous
requirements?

8. Can you explain #regression testing and why it's

important?

9. What are some challenges you have faced in your

#projects and how did you overcome them?

10. What is your experience with #Selenium and

#TestNG?
11. What are the differences between #functional and
#non-functional testing?

12. What are the different types of testing you have

performed?

13. How do you ensure test coverage?

14. How do you ensure the #quality of #software

applications?

15. What is the use of @BeforeTest annotation in

#TestNG?

16. Explain your experience with version control tools like

#Git.

17. Can you explain the Software Testing Life Cycle

(STLC)?

18. What is Functional Testing?

19. What is the purpose of a #traceability matrix?

20. What is #compatibility testing?

21. What is the difference between #verification and

#validation?

22. Explain your current project and your role in it.

23. How do you update your #technical #knowledge?

24. Which automation tools have you used, and what are
their #advantages?

25. How do you handle #dependency test cases in

TestNG?
Top 15 Java programs

asked in SDET Interview

1. Reverse an array?

2. Remove duplicate from 2 array and merge and make it

one?

3. Move all Zeros to left?

4. Find in string repeat character and its count?

5. Find that word is Palindrome?

6. Find min and max in array?

7. Reverse String?

8. How to Concat and Split String?

9. How to sum an array?

10. How to check Vowel?

11. Move Even to left?

12. Print Fibonacci?

13. Find missing number in array?

14. Find max and min with IF, you can use Collection?
15. How to sort array?
Use of OOP's concept in

Automation Frameworks

Encapsulation (Data Hiding)

Encapsulation hides locators and exposes only

necessary actions.

- Used in Page Object Model (POM) to keep locators

private and allow access via public methods.

- Example: Login page methods like ‘enterUsername() °

and ‘clickLogin()* prevent direct locator access.

- Benefit: Easy maintenance, better modularity, and

improved security.

Inheritance (Code Reusability)

Inheritance allows test classes to reuse common

methods from a parent class.

- Example: ‘BaseTest’ manages browser setup,

teardown, and logging, inherited by all tests.

- Benefit: Reduces redundancy, keeps code clean, and

simplifies updates.
Polymorphism (Flexibility)

Polymorphism enables methods with the same name to

behave differently.

- Method Overloading: Multiple ‘click()* methods accept

different parameters (By, WebElement, XPath).

- Method Overriding: Custom ‘click()* with waits and

logging.

- Benefit: Increases code reuse, flexibility, and improves

readability.

Abstraction (Hiding Implementation Details)

Abstraction hides complex logic and exposes only
necessary functionality.

- Example: “DriverManager’ handles browser selection

internally, so test cases use ‘getDriver()°.

- Benefit: Enhances scalability, allows easy browser

switching, and reduces test script dependency.

4 \Nhy Use OOPS in Automation?

V Scalable - Easily extendable.

V Maintainable - Centralized updates.

V/ Reusable —- Common functions shared.

Vv Efficient — Clean and modular structure.
Valuelabs SDET Interview
Questions: 4 to 6 years

1. Please introduce yourself.

2. Please explain your Automation Framework, all the

components.

3. What is a Page Object Model?

4. How do you run your test cases in parallel in

Cucumber?

5. Explain the contents of the Runner File in Cucumber?

6. What is a Singleton Design Pattern?

7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the

Page Object Model?

8. What is Selenium Grid?

9. Explain the WebDriver create statement line?

11. Explain the Maven Lifecycle?

12. How do you run the failed test cases?

13. How do you generate Reports in Selenium?

14. How do you customise reports after your test

execution?

15. What kind of waits are there in Selenium?

16. Write the Code Snippet for Explicit Wait?

17. Write the Code Snippet for Drag and Drop in

Selenium?

18. How do you switch to different Windows in Selenium?

19. Why do we use SET in Window Handles?

20. Write the Code for taking screenshot in Selenium?

21. What is the difference between Scenario and
Scenario Outline in Cucumber?

22. How do you pass data to your Selenium Scripts?

23. How do you decide the priorities of your Test Cases?

24. If you want to execute one test case again and again
how do you do that?

25. What are the different annotations used in TestNG?

26. Write the hierarchy of annotations in TestNG?

27. What is the defect life cycle?

28. What is the difference between Agile and Waterfall

Model?

29. What is the difference between 201 and 204 Status

Code?

30. What is the difference between 401 and 403 Status

Code?

31. What are the components of an API Request?

32. What is the difference between Query Parameters

and Path Parameters?

33. How do you resolve Conflicts in Git?

34. What is the difference between git pull and git

patch?
Nagarro Automation interview

questions (8-10 yrs experience)

1) Introduce yourself

2) Write a program to find the first non-repeated

character in a String

3) What is serialization and deserialization in rest

assured ?

4) How have you used object mapper ?

5) Write rest assured code for sending post request ?

6) How do you pass headers in rest assured ?

7) Open make my trip. Write the xpath of an element.

[This will be as per panels choice]

8) How can you find all broken links in a web page ?

9) What is the different between
NoSuchElementException and
NoVisibleElementException ?

10) What is the use of finally keyword ?

11) Give examples of how you have used abstract classes

and interface ?

12) String s1 = new String ("test");

String s2 = new String ("test");

System.out.printIn(s1===s2);
System.out.printin(s1.equals(s2));

What will be the output of both statements ?

13) How do you convert array into arrayList ?
14) What are the components of TestRunner class in
cucumber ?
15) How do you run your tests in parallel execution ?
16) What are the things you will consider when running
tests in parallel execution? How will you ensure thread
safety?
17) What is the difference between query parameter and
path parameter ?
18) What estimation techniques you have used for effort
estimation ?
Test Automation Tools - 2025

Java Automation:

- API Automation: Rest Assured

- Web Automation: Selenium 4

- Mobile Automation: Appium 2

Python Automation:

- API Automation: Requests

- Web Automation: Selenium (Pytest or Robot

Framework)

- Mobile Automation: Appium

JavaScript/TypeScript Automation:

- API + Web + Mobile + Visual Automation: Playwright

- Web Automation: Cypress, WebdriverlO

- Mobile Automation: Appium, WebdriverlO

- API Testing: Postman, Playwright, Cypress

CI/CD Tools:

- Jenkins

- Bamboo

- CircleCl

- GitLab

- AWS CodePipeline
- Azure DevOps
FIS QA Interview Questions

1st Round

1. Compress string: Input aaabbccca, output 4a2b3c

2. Pass request specification in API testing

3. OOPs: Abstract class vs Interface (scenario-based)

4. Get XPath for all links under "Gaming Accessories" on
Amazon (except "See More")

5. Get XPath for Nintendo product

6. Handle dropdown with 100 options, displaying 10 at a

time, requiring scrolling

Data handling approach

7. Interaction with Selenium WebDriver

8. Data handling approach

9. Find the 2nd child element using Selenium

10. Intraction with selenium webdriver

11. Can Selenium WebDriver be used without APIs in

Java?

12. Common exceptions encountered; write a sample

code

Select "June" from a 12-month dropdown; best WAIT

mechanism?

13. Use of extract method in framework

14. Serialization vs Deserialization

15. Static variable & Static keyword

2nd Round

1. HTTP errors: 4xx (client-side), 5xx (server-side)

2. Cucumber: Feature file vs Scenario

3. Example of Scenario Outline

4. Exclude test cases in Cucumber

5. Regression testing frequency

6. SQL: Fetch employees without projects

7. Left, Right, Inner Join differences

8. |SO20022 message types & usage

9. Mutable vs Immutable in Java

10. Use cases of Mutable & Immutable

11. API Automation: RestAssured vs Postman

12. API testing framework used

13. Data generation & validation in API testing

14. API authentication techniques

15. RESTful vs SOAP services

16. Can GET replace PUT for resource creation?

17. API framework utilities;

18. Schema validation approach

19. Jenkins: How do you trigger test cases?

20. Code: Duplicate keys in a new HashMap

21. Code: Synchronize a thread

Lambda expressions & Streams usage

22. Java code: Separate alphabets & numbers

23. Java code: Print pattern:

123°"

12*4

1*34

42 3:4

24. SQL: Pick a random DB record

25. SQL: Fetch records where provisionType = 'suspend'

(T1 with mapld as PK, T2 with provisionld as PK)
26. API test case for Amazon UPI verification with govt.
server
3rd Round

Managerial discussion on current work, background,

family, salary & joining timeline
HR discussion on salary
SDET Interview
Questions : 3 to6 yr

1) Provide me a brief overview of the tools and

technologies you have worked on?

2) Describe Smoke, Sanity and Regression Testing? Why

do we need to use these 3?

3) Find me the first and last occurrence of the letter ‘a’ in

amazonaanazzz with index number

4) How do you specify environment variables for Maven?

5) How do you specify a property in Maven that can be
overridden at build time?

6) How will you execute methods or test cases in TestNG

in a different order/your order?

7) What is the difference between @Factory and

@Dataprovider annotations?

8) Write the code snipped for passing values 1 and 2 to

the parameters val1 and val2 through the XML file.

9) How to test or handle browser notifications?

10) Explain different xpath axes?

11) Give an example of method overloading concept that

you have used in Selenium?

12) Give a scenario where an interface is used in your

framework?

13) Can we have static methods in an Interface?

14) Ina class implementing an interface, can we change

the value of any variable defined in the interface?

15) How to search for text in the current working repo/

directory?

16) How to save local changes made without committing

or moving them to a remote repository?

17) y default which join is implemented in SQL?

18) What happens when Cl/CD jobs stop in between?

19) How do you manage CI/CD pipeline when high

priority scenarios fail during execution?

20) What is the difference between HTTPS, SSL and

TLS?

21) How would you handle authentication in Cucumber

scenarios for web applications?
Test Automation
Architecture Concepts

- Exposure to all aspect of automation: Web + Mobile + API

- Page Object Model(POM) —Enhances maintainability with
reusable components

-Hybrid Framework — Combines data, keyword, and

modular approaches

-Test Data Management — Ensures reliable and consistent

test execution

- Parallel Test Execution — Reduces test time using

Selenium Grid, Playwright, or cloud solutions

- CI/CD Integration — Automates test execution in

pipelines with Jenkins, GitHub Actions, or AWS
CodeBuild

- Service Virtualization & Mocking — Isolates dependencies

for efficient API testing

- Shift-Left Testing — Embeds quality early in the SDLC

- Al-Powered Testing — Enhances automation with self-

healing scripts and predictive analytics

- Performance & Load Testing — Ensures system reliability

under stress

- Test Orchestration — Automates and optimizes end-to-

end test execution across platforms

- Cloud-Based Testing — Leverages AWS, Azure, or GCP

for scalable, distributed testing environments

- Integrating External Tools & Libraries — Integrate

framework with external libraries and tools, like Testrail,
Jira, S3 etc
Java Coding Questions for

QA Automation Interview

Core Java Concepts:

L, String Manipulation:

* Reversing a string

* Palindromes

* Counting vowels or consonants

* Finding the longest/shortest word

L, Array Manipulation:

* Finding the largest/smallest element

* Sorting arrays (bubble sort, insertion sort, selection

sort, merge sort, quick sort)

* Reversing an array

* Finding duplicates

* Finding longest substring

* Finding repetitive substrings

* Finding second smallest/largest element

L, Number Operations:

* Prime number check

* Fibonacci series

* Factorial calculation

* Armstrong number check

L, Data Structures:

* Implementing basic data structures like linked lists,

stacks, queues

* Traversing and searching in these structures

L, OOP Concepts:

* Inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, abstraction

* Creating abstract classes and interfaces
sf Round 1: (Technical)

1. Explain about yourself and your roles and

responsibilities.

2. Write Java code to reverse a string while preserving

the whitespace.

3. Given an SQL table, find the second-largest salary of

an employee.

4. Explain the concept of joins and list the different types

of joins available.

5. What is LinkedHashMap? Explain its use.

6. Explain black-box testing and white-box testing.

7. What is the difference between an exception and an

error?

8. Difference between findElement and findElements.

9. What is the difference between implicit wait and
explicit wait?

10. Write Selenium code to automate a calendar

WebElement.

11. How would you fetch the text from a text box in
Selenium?

12. How do you enter text in an alert using Selenium?

13. What is the difference between checked and
unchecked exceptions?

14. If an XPath selects two elements on a webpage, does

findElement throw an exception?

15. Explain smoke testing and sanity testing.

16. What are relative locators in Selenium?

17. Explain the challenges you faced in your project.

18. How would you pick test cases for regression

testing?
sf Round 2: (Techno-Managerial)

1. Explain your framework in detail.

2. In your framework, if you have 100 pages, do you

create 100 Page Objects?

3. What is an “Element click intercepted” exception, and

how do you fix it?

4. How do you take screenshots for failed test cases only

in TestNG?

5. Explain how to connect your test cases with Azure.

6. What is the get fetch command?

7. In Postman, how do you delete a variable after test

execution is finished?

8. Why do you prefer using Cucumber BDD in your

project?

9. Explain dynamic binding and static binding.

10. What is method overloading, and what is method

overriding?

11. What is the difference between Comparable and

Comparator?

12. How would you conclude that a login page is user-

friendly?

13. What are 5 points you consider when writing a good

test case?

14. Suppose a developer is not fixing a bug; how would

you approach the situation?

15. What are the threads in JMeter?

16. Can you automate captchas?

17. In what cases would you require fluent waits?

18. In Selenium, how would you open a new tab?

19. In Jenkins, what is the purpose of a CRON

expression?
Round 3( Hr Discussion)
Frequently asked Coding

Questions in SDET Interviews

oa Second Largest Digit in a String:

For example, if the input is "str1025rts", you need to find
and return the digit 2.

( Count Word Occurrences in a Sentence:

Given a string like "my name is Rohan Rohan", the goal is

to print each word along with how many times it appears.
"Rohan" > 2 times

Other words > 1 time each

& Merge Two Arrays:

For instance, if you have arr1 = {5, 3, 2} and arr2 = {9, 0,

1}, the task is to merge them into one array, resulting in
{6. 3, 2, 9,0) 1.

© Increment a Number Represented as an Array:

Consider an array like [1, 2, 9], which represents the
number 129. When you add one, the result should be [1,
3,0].

Similarly, [9, 9, 9] should become [1, 0, 0, 0].

Rearrange Array:

Given [2, 0, 4, 0, 3, 0, 5, OJ], rearrange it so all even

numbers come first and odd numbers last, like
[0,0,0,0,2,4,3,5]. (Since no explanation was given, |
assumed this approach. Another possible way could be
moving all Os to the left and non-zeros to the right.)

e Reverse Each Word in a Sentence:

Given "abc de f", reverse each word individually while

keeping spaces in place. The expected output is "fed cb
a". (No explanation was given, so | had to interpret and
solve it myself.)
Persistent Automation testing

Interview Questions for 5+ Yr Exp

What is Serialization and Deserialization and how to

perform it?

WAP for changing d to D in "| am from India"

WAP for counting no. of occurences of each character in

"abcaaadd"

What is the dependency used for converting JSON data

in Rest Assured?

Framework explanation?

Compile time and Run time polymorphism?

SQL inner join

Explicit wait code

Use of Set collection and it's features

How to handle multiple windows in Selenium?

How did you use OOPS in your framework?

GlobalLogic
Interview
Questions For
SDET/ QA
Automation
Engineers
5+ Years Experience
Total 3 Rounds
15t- Technical

24 — Technical
3° — HR/Managerial