Unit 7.

Viet Nam and international organisations

COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE COMPARISONS

A/ Formula
1. So sánh hơn
a.​ So sánh hơn với tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn:
●​ Cấu trúc: S + V + (Adj/Adv) + “er” + than + .....
●​ Ví dụ: Today is hotter than yesterday.
b.​ So sánh hơn với tính từ/ trạng từ dài:
●​ Cấu trúc: S + V + more + (Adj/Adv) + than + ....
●​ Ví dụ: This sofa is more comfortable than that one.

🌸
Notes:
Tính từ ngắn và trạng từ ngắn là những từ chỉ có một âm tiết.
●​ Ví dụ tính từ/trạng từ ngắn một âm tiết: Short (ngắn), good (tốt), bad (tệ), hot (nóng), hard
(khó), fast (nhanh), quick (cấp tốc),…
Ngoài ra, các tính từ có hai âm tiết nhưng kết thúc bằng –y, –le, –ow, –er, –et cũng được coi là tính
từ ngắn…
●​ Ví dụ tính từ ngắn hai âm tiết: simple (đơn giản), easy (dễ) , clever (thông minh), happy

🌸 (hạnh phúc), narrow (chật hẹp), quiet (im lặng),…

Tính từ/trạng từ dài là những từ có hai âm tiết trở lên, không bao gồm các từ được xếp vào loại
tính từ ngắn đã nhắc đến ở phần trên.
Ví dụ:
●​ Tính từ dài: Intelligent (thông minh), beautiful (đẹp), important (quan trọng),…

🌸 ●​ Trạng từ dài: Quickly (nhanh), kind (tử tế), carefully (cẩn thận), honestly (trung thực),…
Nếu tính từ/ trạng từ kết thúc bằng đuôi “y” thì ta đổi thành “i” và thêm đuôi “er” => earlier
Nếu đằng trước phụ âm cuối của từ là nguyên âm thì ta cần gấp đôi phụ âm cuối => bigger

2. So sánh bằng
Công thức:
(+) S + is/am/are + as + adjective + as…….
(-) S + isn’t /am not /aren’t + as + adjective + as…….
Ex: _ I think Nha Trang is as beautiful as Mui Ne
_ Son Doong Cave isn’t as accessible as En Cave.
3. So sánh nhất
a.​ So sánh nhất với tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn:
●​ Cấu trúc: S + V + the + (Adj/Adv) + “-est” + ....
●​ Ví dụ: Anna is the youngest person in my office.
b.​ So sánh nhất với tính từ/ trạng từ dài:
●​ Cấu trúc: S + V + the most + (Adj/Adv) + ....
●​ Ví dụ: She’s the most beautiful woman I’ve ever met.
​ This movie is the most boring film I’ve ever watched.
B/ Exercises
I. Fill in the correct form of the adjectives in brackets (comparative or superlative).
1. This chair is ____________________ than the old one. (comfortable)
2. Trains are _____________________ than planes. (slow)
3. I bought the ____________________ car I could afford. (expensive)
4. This is the ………………………………… cake I've ever tasted. (delicious)
5. Ann is the _______________________ child in the family. (young)
6. That TV set is the _______________________of all. (cheap)
8. Lisa is__________________________ than Kate. (pretty)
9. This is the ______________________ film I have ever seen. (exciting)
10. It’s the …………………………………… holiday I’ve had. (good)
II. Choose the best answer.
1. He finished the test __________ of all.
​ A. rapidly​ B. the most rapidly​ C. most rapidly​ D. more rapidly
2. This city becomes ____________ in the summer than in other seasons.
​ A. crowdeder​ B. more crowded​ C. the most crowded​ D. crowded
3. The support that our organisation provides for disadvantaged people now is __________ than
before.
​ A. useful​ B. more useful​ C. skilful​ D. more skilful
4. They need _____________ experts to join the peacekeeping activities in the region.
​ A. the goodest​ B. the best​ C. the better​ D. well
5. What’s the __________ film you’ve ever seen?
​ A. good​ B. best​ C. better​ D. the best
6. Can Tho bridge is the __________ one in the South of Viet Nam.
​ A. long ​ B. shortest ​ C. longest ​ D. longer
7. Canada, the USA, and Russia are big countries, but Russia is __________.
​ A. biggest ​ B. the biggest ​ C. bigger ​ D. the bigger
8. Although Sarah is __________ child in the family, she’s __________ than her two elder
brothers.
​ A. the youngest - wiser​ ​ B. the younger - wiser
​ C. the youngest - the wisest​ D. the younger - the wiser
9. Before doing something important, Vietnamese people always try to choose ____ time for it.
A. better​ ​ B. less good​ ​ C. the least good ​ ​ D. the best
10. Chuseok is one of​ ____ celebrations in the Korean calendar when Koreans give thanks to
nature.
A. the most important​ B. the more important C. the less important D. more important
III. Rewrite sentences
a. Sử dụng so sánh nhất để viết lại câu.
1. No one in my class is smarter than Jane.
-> Jane …………………………………………………………………………………….
2. No one in this class is taller than Peter.
-> Peter ………………………………………………………………………………………
3. No one in my group is more intelligent than Mary.
=> Mary....................................................................................................................
4. No river in the world is longer than the Nile.
=> The Nile...........................................................................................................
5. No teacher in this school is better than Mr John.
=> Mr John is........................................................................................................
6. No writer in Russia is more famous than Pushkin
⇒ Pushkin ……………………………………………………………………………………
7. No building in Hochiminh city is higher than Landmark.
-> Landmark …………………………………………………………………………………….
8. No worker in our company is better than Tony.
-> Tony ……………………………………………………………………………………….
b. Sử dụng so sánh bằng hoặc so sánh hơn để viết lại câu.
9. According to me, English is easier than Maths.
=> According to me, Maths................................................................................
10. The kitchen is bigger than the living room.
=> The living room ……………………………………………….
11. The skirt is more expensive than the dress.
=> The dress …………………………………………………………….
12. The white car is more expensive than the blue car.
=>The blue car is …………………………………….. …………………….
13. The new laptop is faster than the old laptop.
=> The old laptop ………………………………………………………….
14. The black cars aren’t as cheap as the red cars.
=> The red cars ………………………………………………………………
15 . The pink houses aren’t as popular as the white ones.
=> The white houses ……………………………………………………………..
16. This book isn’t as interesting as that book.
=> That book ………………………………………………………………….
17. Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
=> No mountain......................................................

The end.
 Unit 7. Viet Nam and international organisations

I. Vocabulary.
1. international organisation : a. gìn giữ hòa bình
2. poverty (n) /ˈpɒvəti/ , poor (a) b. năng động
3. active (a) /ˈæktɪv/ c. sức khỏe
4. peacekeeping (n) /ˈpiːskiːpɪŋ/ d. tổ chức quốc tế
5. health (n): e. sự nghèo nàn
6. education (n) /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn/; educational (a) ; educate (v) f. bảo vệ
7. aim (n) = goal = purpose: g. sự hỗ trợ kĩ thuật
8. disadvantaged children: h. mục đích
9. protect (v) /prəˈtekt/ i. sự giáo dục, giáo dục
10. technical support /ˈteknɪkl səˈpɔːt/ j. thúc đẩy, khuyến khích
11. promote (v) /prəˈməʊt/ = encourage (v) k. trẻ em thiệt thòi
12. economic (a) /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ ; economy(n) /ɪˈkɒnəmi/ j. thành lập
13. set up = establish (v) l. cánh đồng, lĩnh vực
14. project (n) /ˈprɒdʒekt/ m. kinh tế, nền kinh tế
15. field (n): n. đầu tư, sự đầu tư, nhà đầu tư
17. succeed (v) /səkˈsiːd/ ; success (n) ; successful (a) o. dự án
18. invest (v) /ɪnˈvest/ ; investion (n) ; investor (n) p. hướng nghiệp
19. career advice /kəˈrɪə(r) ədˈvaɪs/ s. cần thiết, quan trọng
20. essential (a) /ɪˈsenʃl/ = necessary = important t. thành công

II. Fill in the gap.

protect invest active peacekeeping

economic poverty disadvantaged projects

1. Since VietNam became a member of the WTO. It has gained numerous …………..benefits.
2. Since VietNam became a member of the WTO. Our country has become more
…………………..
3. Our government welcomes foreign businesses who want to ……………..in Viet Nam.
4. UNDP’s aim is to reduce …………………... and improve people’s lives.
5. UNICEF particularly aims to support ……………………..children all over the world.
6. In 2021, our company carried out two large ………………..
III. Choose the best answer.
1. Organising different festivals helps Viet Nam promote local customs and values.
a. encourage b. invest c. protect d. succeed
2. VietNam welcomes foreign businesses who want to invest in the economy.
a. promote b. promise c. is pleased to accept d. support
3. Vietnam welcomes foreign ……………………in various parts of the economy.
a. invest b. investor c. invested d. investors
4. UNICEF set up an office in 1975 in VietNam.
a. provide b. establish c. aim d. join
5. They are also taught essential skills for the job market.
a. necessary b. practical c. important d. a & c are correct
6. UNICEF offers young people job training and ……It also teaches them essential skills fer job
market.
a. technical support b. peacekeeping c. poverty d. career advice
7. United Nations Peacekeeping aims ________ countries that are seriously affected by war create
the conditions for lasting peace.
a.​ help​ b. to help​ c. helping​ d. helps
8. Through __________ activities, Viet Nam has helped achieve peace in the global community.
​ a. interesting​ b. peacekeeping​ c. exciting​ d. influencing
9. According to World Bank figures, 41 percent of Brazilians live in absolute _______.
​ a. poor​ b. poorer​ c. poorly​ d. poverty
10. Vietnam has also become more attractive to foreign __________.
a.​ invest​ ​ ​ b. investor​ ​ c. investion d. investors
11. Providing good job training is an ……………..way to help teenagers in poor countries.
a.​ international b. environmental c. active ​​ d. effective
12. All teenagers should be encouraged to continue their ……………..
a.​ education b. educate c. educational d. educated
13. . Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to __________ . (succeed)
a.​ succeed b. success c. successful d. successfully
14. Vietnam is a member of many international ___________.
​ A. businesses​ B. communities C. programmes​ ​ D. organisations
15. UNICEF has helped many ________ children continue their education by offering them job
training.
​ A. active ​ B. advantaged​ C. disadvantaged​ D. talented
16. The WTO is the world's largest international ______________ organisation.
​ A. economy​ B. economic​ B. economical​ D. economist
17. The programme helps promote equal __________ in society and a culture in which people
respect each other.
​ A. participate​ B. participant​ C. participation​ D. participating
V. Read the text and choose the best answers.
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) was (1)…….. in
1945. It is an expert (2)…………… of the United Nations. It aims (3)………….. world peace and
security through international cooperation in education, the sciences and culture. UNESCO
supports projects that (4)…………… education quality, develop both natural and (5)……….
sciences, protect independent media and freedom of press. In addition, it helps (6)……………
regional and cultural history. UNESCO aims to help countries promote their history, traditions,
buildings and places of (7)……… and natural importance.