ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the successful
completion of this report. First and foremost, I extend my heartfelt thanks to Mr.Ravi Sharma
and Mr. Rajan Sharma for their invaluable guidance, support, and expertise throughout this
project. I am also deeply appreciative of the resources and assistance provided by them,
which were instrumental in the research and compilation of this report. Additionally, I would
like to acknowledge the encouragement and constructive feedback from my peers, which
greatly enhanced the quality of this work. Lastly, I am thankful to my family and friends for
their unwavering support and motivation during this endeavor. This report would not have
been possible without the collective efforts and contributions of everyone involved.
 INTRODUCTION

Workshop technology serves as a practical learning environment where individuals can

develop hands-on skills. It involves the use of tools, machines, and materials to create various
items. Whether it's constructing wooden structures or working with metals, this field offers a
tangible way to understand how things are made. In a workshop setting, participants engage
directly with tools and machinery to produce objects, moving beyond theoretical knowledge
to practical application. Skills such as welding, machining, and assembling electronic devices
are often taught, providing valuable expertise for careers in manufacturing, construction, and
engineering. Workshop technology equips individuals with real-world skills, preparing them
for roles that involve creating and building, and offering a deeper understanding of the
processes behind production.

OBJECTIVES

1. To offer participants hands-on experience and practical skills in specific areas, promoting
both personal and professional growth.
2. To ensure the workshop content aligns with industry standards, providing participants
with relevant and in-demand skills for their fields.
3. To encourage participants to share their knowledge of tools and techniques, enabling
them to guide others in their career paths, even if they are not directly involved in those
areas.

PROJECTS
⚫ BOTTLE OPENER
⚫ DUST PAN
 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS
1. Hackshaw
A hacksaw is a fundamental hand tool used in workshops for cutting through materials
like metal, plastic, and wood. It features a fine-toothed blade stretched across a C-shaped
frame, which can be adjusted to hold the blade securely. This tool is particularly effective
for making straight, precise cuts, especially in metalworking tasks such as cutting rods,
pipes, or sheets. Its lightweight and portable design make it easy to handle, and the
replaceable blades ensure long-term usability. Proper technique, such as applying even
pressure and using the full length of the blade, ensures clean and efficient cuts. Whether
for DIY projects or professional tasks, the hacksaw is a versatile and indispensable tool
for any craftsman or hobbyist. Its simplicity and effectiveness make it a staple in
workshops worldwide.
2. Bench Vice
A bench vice is a sturdy clamping device mounted on a workbench, designed to hold
materials firmly in place during tasks like cutting, drilling, or filing. It consists of two
parallel jaws, one fixed and the other movable, which can be tightened using a screw
mechanism. This tool is essential for ensuring stability and precision, as it prevents the
work-piece from moving or slipping while being worked on. Bench vices are commonly
used in metalworking, woodworking, and mechanical repairs, making them a vital tool in
any workshop. Their robust construction allows them to handle heavy-duty tasks, while
their adjustable jaws accommodate materials of various shapes and sizes. A bench vice is
a reliable and indispensable tool for achieving accurate and safe results.
3. Files
Files, including triangular and square varieties, are essential tools for shaping, smoothing,
or removing material from a work-piece. A triangular file is ideal for filing corners,
angles, or tight spaces, while a square file is perfect for enlarging square holes or shaping
edges. These tools are commonly used in metalworking and woodworking to refine and
finish surfaces. Files come in different grades of coarseness, allowing for rough material
removal or fine finishing. Proper use involves applying even pressure and moving the
file in a consistent direction to achieve smooth results. Whether for crafting, repairs, or
detailed work, files are indispensable for achieving precision and a professional finish in
any workshop project.
4. Hammer
A hammer is one of the most versatile and widely used tools in any workshop. It
typically consists of a heavy head attached to a handle and is primarily used for driving
nails into surfaces. However, hammers also serve other purposes, such as shaping metal,
 breaking objects, or removing nails. Different types of hammers, like claw hammers and
ball-peen hammers, are designed for specific tasks. The claw hammer, for example, has a
curved end for pulling out nails, while the ball-peen hammer is used in metalworking. Its
simple design and effectiveness make the hammer an essential tool for construction,
repairs, and DIY projects. No workshop is complete without this reliable and
multifunctional tool.
5. Measuring Tools
Measuring tools are crucial for ensuring accuracy and precision in any workshop project.
These tools include rulers, tape measures, calipers, and micrometers, which help in
taking precise measurements of length, width, and depth. Accurate measurements are
essential for fitting parts together correctly and ensuring the overall quality of the
finished product. For example, calipers are used for measuring small distances with high
precision, while tape measures are ideal for longer measurements. Whether in
woodworking, metalworking, or construction, measuring tools are indispensable for
achieving professional results. Their importance cannot be overstated, as even a small
measurement error can lead to significant issues in the final product.
6. Centre Punch
A centre punch is a small but essential tool used to create a precise indentation in
materials like metal or wood. This indentation serves as a guide for drilling, ensuring that
the drill bit stays in place and starts accurately. Centre punches are particularly useful in
metalworking and carpentry, where precision is critical. They help prevent the drill bit
from slipping, which can damage the work-piece or cause inaccurate holes. The tool is
typically struck with a hammer to create the indentation, and its sharp, pointed tip
ensures a clean mark. Whether for DIY projects or professional tasks, a centre punch is a
simple yet invaluable tool for achieving accuracy in drilling and other workshop
activities.
 PROJECT 1: BOTTLE OPENER
A bottle opener is a simple yet highly practical tool designed specifically for opening bottles.
It typically consists of a metal lever, either curved or flat, with a lip or notch at one end. The
user places the lip or notch under the cap of a bottle and applies upward force on the lever,
leveraging it against the bottle's edge to lift and remove the cap. This project involves
designing, crafting, and finishing a bottle opener using various tools and techniques,
providing hands-on experience in metalworking and precision craftsmanship.

TOOLS AND MATERIALS

The following tools and materials were utilized in the creation of the bottle opener:

1. Metal strip: The primary material used to construct the bottle opener.
2. Drilling machine: Used to create holes in the metal for additional features or hanging
purposes.
3. Centre punch: A tool used to create a small indentation in the metal, marking the center
point for accurate drilling.
4. Divider: A measuring tool used to mark precise dimensions on the metal strip.
5. Hacksaw: A hand tool with a fine-toothed blade, used for cutting the metal strip to the
desired size.
6. Files: Tools used for shaping, smoothing, and refining the edges and surfaces of the
metal.
7. Bench vise: A clamping device used to securely hold the metal strip in place during
cutting, shaping, and drilling.

PROCEDURE
1. Design and Planning
The first step in creating the bottle opener was to design and plan the project. The design was
sketched on paper, specifying the dimensions and shape of the handle and the opener. The
metal strip was measured and marked according to the design, ensuring that the final product
would meet the desired specifications. Proper planning at this stage was crucial to ensure
accuracy and efficiency in the subsequent steps.
2. Cutting the Metal
Once the design was finalized, the metal strip was cut to the required dimensions
of 25 mm×125 mm25mm×125mm. The metal strip was securely clamped in a bench vise to
prevent it from moving during the cutting process. A hacksaw was used to make precise cuts
based on the marked dimensions. After cutting, the edges and surfaces of the metal were filed
to remove any roughness and ensure that all sides were perfectly square, as verified using a
try square.

3. Shaping the Bottle Opener

With the metal strip cut to size, the next step was to shape the bottle opener. The metal strip
was again secured in the bench vise, and a metal file was used to shape the opener according
to the design. This involved creating the curved or flat lever and forming the lip or notch that
would be used to lift the bottle cap. Careful attention was paid to ensure that the shape was
both functional and aesthetically pleasing.

4. Drilling Holes
The design included holes for additional features, such as hanging the bottle opener or adding
decorative elements. A center punch was used to create small indentations at the marked
points, ensuring that the drill bit would not slip during the drilling process. With the center
points marked, the drilling machine was used to create the holes using appropriate metal drill
bits. This step required precision to ensure that the holes were accurately placed and aligned
with the design.

5. Final Finishing
The final step in the process was to give the bottle opener a polished and refined finish. The
entire surface of the bottle opener was smoothed using files and sandpaper to remove any
rough edges or imperfections. This not only enhanced the appearance of the bottle opener but
also ensured user safety by eliminating sharp edges. The finished product was a functional,
durable, and aesthetically pleasing bottle opener ready for use.
SAFETY MEASURES FOR THE BOTTLE OPENER
When working on the bottle opener project, safety is of utmost importance to prevent
accidents and ensure a smooth workflow. Below are the key safety measures that should be
followed:
1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
⚫ Always wear safety goggles to protect your eyes from metal shavings, dust, and debris
generated during cutting, filing, and drilling.
⚫ Use gloves to protect your hands from sharp edges and metal burrs, especially when
handling the metal strip or using tools like files and hacksaws.
⚫ Wear appropriate clothing, such as long sleeves and closed-toe shoes, to protect your
skin from cuts and scratches.
2. Proper Use of Tools:
⚫ Ensure that all tools, such as the hacksaw, files, and drilling machine, are in good
working condition before use.
⚫ Use the correct type of file and hacksaw blade for metalworking to avoid tool breakage
or injury.
⚫ When using the hacksaw, apply even pressure and use the full length of the blade to
prevent the blade from snapping.
3. Securing the Workpiece:
⚫ Always secure the metal strip firmly in a bench vise before cutting, filing, or drilling to
prevent it from slipping or moving unexpectedly.
⚫ Ensure the bench vise is tightly clamped to the workbench to avoid instability during
work.
4. Drilling Safety:
⚫ Use a center punch to create a small indentation before drilling to prevent the drill bit
from slipping and causing injury or damage.
⚫ Hold the drilling machine firmly and apply steady pressure while drilling to maintain
control and accuracy.
5. Workspace Safety:
⚫ Keep your workspace clean and organized to avoid tripping hazards or accidental contact
with tools and materials.
⚫ Ensure proper lighting in the workspace to clearly see your work and avoid mistakes.
⚫ Tool Maintenance:
⚫ Regularly inspect and maintain tools to ensure they are in good working condition.
Replace worn-out or damaged tools immediately.
⚫ Store tools properly after use to prevent accidents and prolong their lifespan.
CONCLUSION
The bottle opener project is an excellent exercise in metalworking, providing hands-on
experience with tools like the hacksaw, bench vise, files, and drilling machine. By following
the detailed steps of design, cutting, shaping, drilling, and finishing, the project demonstrates
the importance of precision, planning, and attention to detail in creating a functional and
aesthetically pleasing tool.
Safety is a critical aspect of this project, and adhering to the safety measures outlined above
ensures a safe and productive working environment. From wearing protective gear to properly
securing the work-piece and handling tools with care, these precautions help prevent
accidents and injuries.
In conclusion, the bottle opener project not only teaches valuable skills in metalworking and
craftsmanship but also emphasizes the importance of safety in workshop activities. The
completed bottle opener is a testament to the practical application of these skills, resulting in a
durable, functional, and safe tool ready for everyday use. This project serves as a foundation
for more complex metalworking tasks and reinforces the significance of precision, safety, and
creativity in engineering and design.
 PROJECT 2: METAL SHEET DUSTPAN

A metal sheet dustpan is a durable cleaning tool crafted from a single piece of metal, typically
steel or aluminum. It features a wide, flat body with a curved edge, forming a shallow
container designed to scoop up dust and debris effectively. Known for its sturdiness and
longevity, the metal sheet dustpan is ideal for heavy-duty cleaning tasks in households,
workshops, and commercial settings. It often includes a handle for easy maneuvering, making
it a practical and long-lasting cleaning solution.

TOOLS AND MATERIALS

The following tools and materials were utilized in the creation of the metal sheet dustpan:
1. Scissors: For cutting the metal sheet.
2. Scale: For measuring and marking dimensions accurately.
3. Rubber Head Hammer: For shaping the metal sheet without damaging its surface.
4. Metal Sheet: The primary material used to construct the dustpan.
5. Try Square: For ensuring accurate angles and measurements.
6. Center Punch: For marking precise points for drilling holes.
7. Bench Vise: For securely holding the metal sheet during cutting and shaping.

PROCEDURE

1. Design and Planning

The first step involved sketching the design of the dustpan on paper, determining its
dimensions, shape, and handle length. A metal sheet was then cut to the required size
of 200 mm×250 mm200mm×250mm for the body of the dustpan.

2. Measurement and Marking

Using a ruler, pencil, and try square, the metal sheet was measured and marked according to
the designed dimensions. Accurate marking ensured precision in the cutting and shaping
stages.

3. Cutting

Tin snips or a metal shear were used to cut the metal sheet along the marked lines. Care was
taken to achieve clean and precise cuts, ensuring the dustpan's edges were smooth and even.
4. Shaping

The cut metal sheet was secured in a bench vise, and a rubber-headed hammer was used to
shape the metal into the desired dustpan form. Special attention was given to creating a
curved edge for effective dust collection.

5. Hole Drilling

Holes were drilled near the handle and other marked areas using a drilling machine with a
metal drill bit. A center punch was used to create small indentations for accurate drilling.

6. Handle Construction

⚫ A metal sheet was cut to the dimensions of 30mm×250mm for the handle.
⚫ The handle was marked, cut, and folded according to the design.
⚫ Holes were drilled into the handle based on the markings.
⚫ Soft nails were tapped into the holes using a metal hammer to attach the handle to the
dustpan securely.
SAFETY MEASURES FOR DUSTPAN

When working on the metal sheet dustpan project, the following safety measures should be
observed:
1. Wear Protective Gear: Use safety goggles, gloves, and appropriate clothing to protect
against sharp edges, metal shavings, and debris.
2. Secure the Work-piece: Always clamp the metal sheet securely in a bench vise during
cutting and shaping to prevent slipping.
3. Handle Tools Carefully: Use tools like tin snips, hammers, and drills with caution to
avoid injuries.
4. Avoid Sharp Edges: File or smooth any sharp edges on the metal sheet to prevent cuts
during handling.
5. Maintain a Clean Workspace: Keep the work area organized and free of clutter to
avoid accidents.
6. Follow Tool Instructions: Ensure proper use of tools like the drilling machine and
bench vise to prevent mishaps.

CONCLUSION

The metal sheet dustpan project is an excellent exercise in metalworking, providing hands-on
experience with tools like tin snips, hammers, and drills. By following the steps of design,
cutting, shaping, drilling, and assembly, the project demonstrates the importance of precision,
planning, and attention to detail in creating a functional and durable cleaning tool.

Safety is a critical aspect of this project, and adhering to the outlined safety measures ensures
a safe and productive working environment. From wearing protective gear to properly
securing the work-piece and handling tools with care, these precautions help prevent
accidents and injuries.

In conclusion, the metal sheet dustpan project not only teaches valuable skills in
metalworking and craftsmanship but also emphasizes the importance of safety in workshop
activities. The completed dustpan is a testament to the practical application of these skills,
resulting in a sturdy, functional, and long-lasting cleaning tool ready for everyday use. This
project serves as a foundation for more complex metalworking tasks and reinforces the
significance of precision, safety, and creativity in engineering and design.
 TRIBHUWAN UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

REPORT
OF
WORKSHOP
TECHNOLOGY

Submitted by: Submitted To:

Samir Lakhe Department of Electronics and
CRN:027 Computer Engineering
Kathford Int’l College
Balkumari, Lalitpur
Samir Lakhe
CRN:027