GUJARAT INSTITUTE OF

NURSING EDUCATION &

RESEARCH, AHMEDABAD.

SUBJECT:- NURSING EDUCATION

TOPIC:- PRESENTATION ON SPECIAL BANDAGES

SUBMITTED TO:-
MS. HETAL BHATIA
LECTURER SENIOR SCALE CLASS-I SUBMITTED BY:-
GINERA. PRISCILIA VANKAR
F.Y M.Sc NURSING
ROLL NO:-20
GINERA.

SUBMITTED ON :
 INTRODUCTION

■ NAME OF STUDENTS : Priscilia Vankar

■ NAME OF SUBJECT :Fundamental of nursing

■ NAME OF TOPIC :Special Bandages

■ GROUP :1st year B.Sc nursing

■ SIZE OF GROUP :60 Students

■ DATE :

■ TIME :

■ VENUE :First BSc classroom

■ LANGUAGE :English

■ DURATION :

■ NAME OF EVALUATOR :Ms. Mercy Christie

■ METHOD OF TEACHING :Lecture Cum Discussion

■ A.V.AIDS : PPT
GENERAL OBJECTIVE:
❖ By the end of the presentation, participants will gain a deeper understanding of different types
of knowledge related to special bandages.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lecture the students will be able to:
 Define Special Bandages
 List out the purposes of Bandages and Binders
 Explain composition of Bandages
 Elaborate principles of applying Bandages
 Explain different types of Bandages
 Demonstrate different types of Bandages
 Explain role of nurse in Wound Dressing
 Summarize Special Bandages
 INDEX
SR.NO CONTENT

1. Definition Of Special Bandages

2. The Purposes Of Bandages and Binders

3. Composition Of Bandages

4. Principles Of Applying Bandages

5. Different Types Of Bandages

6. Demonstration Of Different Types Of Bandages

7. Role Of Nurse In Wound Dressing

8. Summary Of Special Bandages

 SPECIAL BANDAGES
INTRODUCTION:
 A bandage is a piece of material used either to support a medical device such as dressing or
splint or on its own to provide support for the movement of the part of the body.
 A properly applied bandage can aid in the recovery of the patient.
 A carelessly or improperly applied bandage can cause discomfort to the patient and may
expose the wound to the danger of infection.

BANDAGE DEFINITION:
A piece of material that is used to hold a dressing in place over a wound, to create pressure over
a bleeding wound for control of hemorrhage, to secure an injured part of the body, and to provide
support to the injured part of the body.

BINDERS DEFINITION:
A binder bandage is designed for a specific body part for example; the triangular binder (sling)
fits the arm. Binders are used to support large areas of the body such as the abdomen, arm or
chest. Binders are special wide bandages used for supporting specific parts of body and large
dressings.
 They are used To Support Injuries, Hold Dressings In Place, And Immobilize Body Parts.
 A broad bandage most commonly used as an encircling support of the abdomen or chest

THE PURPOSES OF BANDAGES:

The purposes of bandages are as follows:

1. To limit body movements (Immobilizing the body part)

2. To hold dressing in place
3. To apply warmth
4. Creating pressure over the body part (in order to control bleeding)
5. Supporting a wound
 6. Reducing or preventing edema
7. Securing a splint (To splints in position)
8. Securing dressings

THE PURPOSES OF BINDERS:

The purposes of binders are as follows:
1. To support abdomen
2. To prevent or reduce wound dehiscence after surgery of abdomen
3. To hold dressing in place
4. To maintain intra – abdominal paracentesis
5. T- binder is used to hold rectal and perineal dressings.
6. It helps keep dressings and bandages in place
7. Speeds up wound and incision healing;
8. It also supports muscles
9. Relieves pain
10. Promotes deep breathing in chest.
11. Minimizes swelling and fluid buildup.
12. Improve pulmonary function (After upper abdominal surgeries patients suffer from
restriction of respiratory function)
13. Stabilize an incision to enhance wound healing.

COMPOSITION OF BANDAGES:
Bandages are made up of different materials such as gauze, elasticized knit, elastic webbing
flannel, calico, crepe, etc.
 Gauze bandages are lightweight and inexpensive, mold easily around the contours of the
body and permit air circulation to prevent skin maceration.
 Elastic bandages conform well to the body parts but can also be used to exert pressure
over a body part.
 Flannel and Muslin bandages are thicker than gauze and thus stronger for supporting or
applying pressure. A flannel bandage also insulates to provide warmth.

PRINCIPLES OF APPLYING BANDAGES:

Correctly applied bandages and binders do not cause injury to underlying and nearby body parts
or create discomfort to the client. Before a bandage or a binder is applied the nurse’s
responsibilities include:
1. Inspection of the skin for abrasions, edema, discoloration, or exposed wound edges.
2. Exposed wounds or open abrasions should be covered with a sterile dressing.
3. Inspect the underlying dressing and if soiled it must be changed.
4. Skin integrity of the underlying body parts and the parts that are distal to the bandages are
assessed for signs of circulatory impairment (e.g. pallor or cyanosis, decreased or absent pulse, 1
swelling, coolness, numbness and tingling).
The important principles to be considered in applying bandages 1 and binders are:
1. Choose a neatly rolled bandage of correct width and length.
Finger
1 inch
Head and arm
2 to 2½ inches
Leg
3 to 3 inches
Trunk
4 to 6 inches

2. Clean and dry the part that is to be bandaged.

3. Except while arresting hemorrhage or correcting deformity, foremost consideration is given
for the comfort of the patient.
4. Face the patient except when applying a capeline bandage.
5. See that the patient is placed in a comfortable position with the part properly supported.
6. Prevent friction between and against skin surfaces by applying gauze or cotton padding. Skin
surfaces in contact with each other (e.g.. between toes, under breasts, in the axilla, groin) can rub
against each other to cause abrasion. Bandages over prominences may rub against skin to cause
breakdown.
7. Position the body part to be bandaged in comfortable position of normal anatomical alignment.
Because bandages cause restriction to movement, immobilization in normal functional position
reduces risk of deformity or injury, e.g., elbow bent at right angles when applying the elbow
bandage.
8. Apply bandage securely to prevent slippage during movement.
9. Apply bandage firmly with equal tension exerted over each turn or layer. Avoid excess
overlapping of bandage layers. It should neither be too tight nor too loose.
10. Leave the fingers and toes uncovered, so that circulation can be observed. If they become
pale, cold, blue or numb, it is an indication that the bandage is too tight and is cutting off the
blood supply. Untie the bandage and apply it again.
11. Never ignore any complaints of pain or discomfort experienced by the patient. This should be
investigated and the cause is removed immediately.
12. When completed, fix the bandage with a circular turn and secure it with a safety pin or other
suitable material such as adhesive strapping.
13. Do not use extra turns in order to use all the bandages. Neatness and economy of the bandage
should be considered but the bandage should fulfill its purpose and always must cover the
dressing completely.
14. Pins, knots, or ties are placed away from the wound on tender skin areas because these
materials can exert localized pressure and irritation.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF BANDAGES:

A. CAPELINE BANDAGE:
Here are the steps for applying a capeline bandage to the head:
1. Center the ends of the bandages on the forehead.
2. Apply two turns with each bandage, one clockwise and one anticlockwise.
3. Bring the left bandage over the right in the middle of the forehead.
4. Fold the right bandage over the left.
5. Continue the left bandage in a circular motion until the occiput.
6. Fold the right bandage over the left.
7. Continue in a circular motion until the entire head is covered.
8. Tie off the bandages.

PURPOSES:
 Capeline bandage is applied to head or shoulder or to a stump like a cap or hood.
 To cover or protect the injured areas

B. EYE BANDAGE:
Method of application:
1. Pad the affected eye. Hold the rolled bandage in one hand and the opened end in the other.
2. Place the opened end of the bandage on the forehead above the affected eye.
3. Wrap the bandage around the head twice, firmly but not tightly.
4. On the second wrap, bring the bandage below the ear and up over the eye.
5. To avoid covering the other eye, place your index finger above the eyebrow and hold up
the edge of the bandage.
6. Continue wrapping the bandage until it's secure.
PURPOSES:
1. Protect a healing eye.
2. Reducing swelling following surgery.
3. Stop bleeding

C. EAR BANDAGE:
1. Cover the wound with gauze and tape: Cover the wound with gauze and use two pieces of
surgical tape to create a pocket over the ear. This keeps the gauze in place.
2. Wrap the head: Wrap the bandage around the head, starting at the forehead and working
away from the injured ear. Continue around the head to the back, low down in the nape of the
neck.
3. Use a pressure dressing: Apply a pressure dressing to prevent hematoma formation.
4. Use an adhesive primer: Use an adhesive primer to help the tape stick to the ear.
5. Trim the dressing: Trim the dressing to the desired shape to create a low-profile dressing.

PURPOSES:
1. To protect wounds.
2. Control hemorrhage

D. JAW BANDAGE:
Method Of Application:
To apply a jaw bandage a triangular bandage is used:
1. Fold the narrow end of the bandage
2. Bandage through the chin and over the top of the head
3. Cross to either side of the head
4. Bandage across the forehead and back of the head
5. Tie a knot to the crossing on the other side
6. Tuck any loose ends
If you're treating a jaw injury, you should also:
Gently hold the jaw in place while you're on your way to the emergency room
Make sure the bandage is easy to remove in case you need to vomit.
TRIANGULAR BANDAGE:

PURPOSES:
1. To hold dressings on the chin, cheeks and scalp.
2. As a temporary support to immobilize a fracture or dislocate jaw.

E. SHOULDER SPICA:
1. Stand on the side where the bandage is to be applied; pad the axilla.
2. Wrap the bandage around the upper arm a couple of times, with minimal overlap.
3. Center the acromioclavicular joint in the middle of the bandage.
4. Bring the bandage across the back and under the opposite arm.
5. Have the patient take a deep breath and continue around the front of the torso.
6. Bring the bandage material beneath the breasts.
7. Mold the application to the patient's anatomy.
8. Make a complete circular winding around the torso.
9. Have the patient take another deep breath.
10. Continue to wrap the bandage in a crisscross pattern to create a figure eight.
PURPOSES:
1. To support and immobilize the shoulder after an injury or surgery or to stretch a tight
shoulder.
2. Support and immobilization- To prevent movement while it heals
3. Stretching- To treat certain bone fractures
4. Surgery- To protect shoulder after surgery

F. THUMB SPICA:
The steps in applying a thumb spica splint are as follows:
1. Anchor the bandage around the wrist with two circular turns.
2. Bring the bandage obliquely across the back of the hand and carry it by quick spiral turns
to the tip of the thumb without overlapping the previous turns.
3. Make a circular turn around the tip of the thumb and carry the bandage down the thumb
by two or three spiral reverse turns, followed by figure of eight till the base of the thumb.
Carry it to the dorsum of the thumb and then to the lateral aspect of the wrist and finish
with two circular turns at the wrist.

PURPOSES:
 Fractures and cartilage injuries
 Soft-tissue injuries
 Degenerative conditions of the thumb
  Post-surgical stabilization.
 Done for 1st metacarpal fractures

G. TRIANGULAR BANDAGE FOR HEAD:

Method of application:
As a head bandage;
Allow the point to fall over the head and down at the back of the head, over the ears, cross
them over the point, bring them around the forehead, and tie in a square knot. Firmly hold the
compress using one hand, while the other hand gently pulls down the point until the
compress is settled nicely.

PURPOSES:
 To secure the arm in one place, prevent movement, and possibly relieve pain and pressure
to the injury.
 Can also be used as bandages as well as a tourniquet to cut off bleeding to a wound.
 Used as a pad to control bleeding.
 For dressing
 For maintaining compressions for a head wound.

H. TRIANGULAR BANDAGE FOR ARMS:

Method of application:
Gently slide the triangular bandage underneath the arm. The point of the triangle should be
underneath the elbow of the injured arm. Bring the top end of the bandage around the back of
the neck. Fold the lower end of the bandage up over the forearm to meet the top of the
bandage at the shoulder of the injured side.
PURPOSES:
 The intent behind making a sling from a triangular bandage is to secure an injured arm to
the body to reduce the risk of further damage or to support it while recovering from a
break, fracture, or sprain.
 To control bleeding.
 To support or immobilize an injury to a bone or joint or as improvised padding over a
painful injury.
 In arm or shoulder fractures, or dislocations.