UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA

Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna

College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

Designing Resilient Cities: A Proposed Urban Agricultural Parks and

Commercial Centers Through Modern Sustainability Approaches

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Subject

Architectural Design 5 - Space Planning 2

Submitted by :
ARC 311 - 007

Submitted to:
AR. Leanjoy Rebusa, UAP

August 2024
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

CHAPTER I: The Problem and it's Background

INTRODUCTION
An urban agricultural park and commercial center investigates how the integration of green
sophistication harmonizes with the entertainment occupancies within a city. Architectural
approaches to designing an agricultural and commercial type will also reflect the geographical
location , food security, and strategies to attract its users. It should not be understood as a
substitute for parks but as a complementary form of green space provision with a distinctive
value wherein it must utilize the balance approach through sustainability and functionality.
(Contesse, 2018) . Rise Against Hunger Philippines’ Good Food Farm project introduces the
300-square-meter sustainable urban community farm in 2020 that refers to the lives of farmers,
gardeners, fishermen, government and other residents. Greenhouses exclude elegance with
slender and lightweight constructions harmonizing with the surrounding urban fabric by
subverting the traditional opacity of the buildings.

Image1 : The vision for Agro Food Park outside of Aarhus.Courtesy of William McDonough and
Partners

The proposed research study focuses on the integration of agricultural and commercial aspects
into a modern vernacular architecture, wherein agriculture matches cities for specific users. In
addition, the facilities will not just focus on farming and production but also entertainment,
educational institutions, and health. The needs of exploration for designing this structure will
benefit the environment, like how they are able to transport food to their table, wherein it will
change the concept of biodiversity and reduce its gas emissions (Achard, 2023). The purpose of
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289
this project is to make the space utilize functionality and accessibility to meet the satisfaction of
the users, reflecting its practicality while being aesthetically pleasing. Ant colonies represent the
hard work of farmers from rural areas into cities that capture the beauty of grains and can be
integrated into architectural approaches for constructing this project.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Urban Agricultural Parks and commercial centers are increasingly essential in the evolution of
modern cities, addressing the need for ecological sustainability, safety, and well-organized
spaces. As urban areas grow and face different challenges from population density and
environmental pressures, the integration of these elements becomes crucial for creating resilient
and livable environments. Sustainability is the main development often featuring eco-friendly
practices such as green roofs, rainwater harvesting, and energy-efficient designs that reduce
carbon footprints and conserve resources.With urban populations growing rapidly and traditional
agricultural land decreasing, urban farming offers a solution by utilizing underutilized spaces
within cities for cultivation. As urban farming continues to evolve and expand, its multifaceted
benefits are likely to further fuel its popularity as a sustainable and socially impactful practice in
cities around the world (Farmbox ,2023)

Incorporating sustainable agricultural methods, including farming and community gardens, these
spaces enhance local food security and biodiversity while expanding urban green areas. Safety
is another fundamental consideration, encompassing both the structural integrity of commercial
buildings and the well-being of their occupants. According to Bahadursingh, 2020 , Residents
can directly participate in the process of building the house and organize its spaces subject to
their own needs. Agricultural development, ecological balance, and economic stability are
promoted to a wider development of the project. Moreover, the park fosters the biodiversity that
took root after the original structure fell into ruin, with a series of site-specific urban
microclimates, including sunny, shady, wet, dry, windy, and sheltered spaces.

For agricultural parks, this involves ensuring contamination free food production and secure,
accessible environments. In commercial centers, safety extends to emergency preparedness
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289
and maintaining a safe and comfortable space for users. Organized spaces are essential for the
functionality and efficiency of these urban environments. Effective layouts, with clear pathways
and designated zones, improve user experience and operational efficiency. In agricultural parks,
well-organized spaces support crop management and public engagement, while in commercial
centers, they enhance navigation and retail operations.

Image 2 : Urban Farming Program from the Joy of Urban Farming vlog

This study aims to explore how urban agricultural parks and commercial centers can be
designed and managed to integrate sustainability, safety, and organized spaces, drawing on
contemporary architectural practices and cultural considerations to create urban environments
that are both environmentally responsible and culturally reflective. It showcases how they are
able to understand and think about the difference between two different aspects which apply in
the form of modern vernacular architecture . There might be instances they need to compile and
applies laws and regulations for them to follow and reveal the beauty of architecture . It can be
implemented and maintain this project for the good of society wherein they able to provide
enough food for food scarcity. The functionality and aesthetically approach utilizes the mood and
ambiance of urban agricultural park and commercial center.
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Figure 01 - Shibire Bekele Eshetu, Kumelachew Yeshitela, Stefan Sieber. Urban Green Space
Planning, Policy Implementation, and Challenges: The Case of Addis Ababa. 2021/10/14

Urban greenspaces are essential components of sustainable city planning, offering

environmental, social, and economic benefits. The theoretical framework illustrated in the
provided diagram offers a comprehensive approach to greenspace development and
management in Addis Ababa. This framework, grounded in a structured flow of inputs,
processes, and outputs, seeks to ensure that urban greenspaces are effectively created,
maintained, and continuously improved. By examining the key stages—Input, Process, and
Output—along with a feedback mechanism, this framework highlights the interplay between
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

governance, strategic planning, and implementation in the development of a sustainable urban

environment.

The Input stage is foundational to this framework, as it outlines the critical elements that inform
and drive the entire process. These inputs originate from both the Federal Government and the
Addis Ababa City Government. The Federal Government provides overarching guidance
through documents such as the Constitution, National Green Space Policies, and National
Guidelines, alongside financial resources via the budget. Meanwhile, the Addis Ababa City
Government contributes city-specific development plans, local policies and strategies, a
city-wide masterplan, and its own budgetary allocations. These inputs serve as the legal,
financial, and strategic backbone for greenspace development initiatives, ensuring that the
process aligns with national and local priorities.

The Process stage is the core of the framework, divided into three main components:
Governance and Steering Process, Core Process, and Auxiliary Process. Each of these plays a
distinct role in ensuring that greenspace projects are well-managed and effectively executed.
The Governance and Steering Process ensures accountability and manages conflicts, thereby
creating a transparent and equitable decision-making environment. The Core Process focuses
on the actual planning of greenspaces through the development of a Master Plan and Local
Development Plans, which guide both macro and micro-level greenspace projects. Supporting
this is the Auxiliary Process, which provides essential services such as research, land-use
planning, and the development of guiding principles, all of which help to inform and optimize the
core planning activities.

The Output stage reflects the tangible outcomes of these processes, which can be broadly
categorized into two main results: Greenspace Development and the Management of Existing
Greenspaces. The development of new greenspaces includes the creation of parks, street
trees, communal green spaces, and other forms of urban greenery. Meanwhile, the
management of existing greenspaces ensures that these areas are maintained and preserved,
maximizing their long-term benefits for the city’s inhabitants. This dual focus on development
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289
and management emphasizes the framework’s commitment to both expanding urban
greenspaces and sustaining them over time.

A crucial element of this framework is the Feedback Loop that connects the output back to the
input and process stages. This feedback mechanism allows for continuous improvement by
incorporating lessons learned and insights gained from the implementation and management of
greenspaces. By feeding these experiences back into the decision-making and planning stages,
the framework ensures that greenspace policies and strategies remain adaptive and responsive
to the city’s evolving needs.

In conclusion, this theoretical framework for greenspace development in Addis Ababa provides
a structured and integrated approach to urban environmental planning. By aligning national and
local inputs with clear governance structures and strategic processes, the framework facilitates
the effective creation and management of greenspaces. The inclusion of a feedback loop
ensures continuous improvement, making the framework a dynamic tool for fostering
sustainable urban development. Through this holistic approach, Addis Ababa can achieve a
balance between urban growth and the preservation of vital greenspaces, enhancing the city’s
livability and resilience in the face of future challenges.
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
As the development of an urban agricultural hub progresses, the focus on nurturing green
spaces and vegetation becomes essential for maintaining ecological balance and sustainability.
The combination of urban farming, including vertical and hydro farming, and renewable energy
like solar panels, remains largely overlooked. These green spaces not only enhance the
environmental impact but also create opportunities for development in a sustainable urban
agricultural hub. This study aims to underscore the importance of managing green spaces and
implementing sustainable farming techniques to improve the development of the urban
agricultural hub.

In addition to proposing innovative solutions, the researcher aims to strengthen the role of green
space development and urban farming in guiding land use decisions and green spaces
implementation, ensuring that they are more inclusive and equitable for the future of the
agricultural hub.

Figure 02 - Research Paradigm

This graphic illustrates the research paradigm for the proposed urban agricultural hub. The left
box highlights the essential inputs required for the hub's success, including land and resources,
renewable energy/water management systems, supportive policy and planning measures. It
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289
also emphasizes the importance of vertical farming, hydroponics, and aquaponics farming. The
central box details the hub's development process, which encompasses design and
development, commercial operations of sustainable urban parks. The right box showcases the
expected outputs: the creation and management of green urban spaces to enhance local food
production, stimulate and promote community well-being by providing access to green spaces,
healthy food, and social engagement opportunities. This urban agricultural hub is designed to
establish and maintain sustainable urban environments that support ecological balance.

The researcher aims to highlight the benefits of integrating green spaces through the urban
agriculture initiative, focusing on enhancing environmental sustainability and community
engagement. The architectural design of the hub will be meticulously crafted to blend
functionality with both agricultural and commercial spaces, ensuring user satisfaction while
expanding the area’s economic footprint. By offering a farm-to-table experience,customers will
gain a direct connection to the source of their ingredients, supporting a deeper appreciation for
locally grown produce. Additionally, the project will showcase the benefits of vertical,
hydroponic, and aquaponic farming methods, including efficient use of space, reduced water
consumption, and minimized environmental impact. The advanced water management system
will further enhance these methods by optimizing resource use and supporting sustainable food
production.

The proposed urban agricultural hub will prioritize sustainability by using vernacular design
principles, incorporating locally sourced, sustainable materials to reduce environmental impact
and enhance community connection. The design will feature green roofs which not only
enhance the aesthetic appeal but also help in reducing the urban heat and walls made from
indigenous plants, combining effectively with the local landscape while improving air quality and
reducing heat absorption. Solar panels will be integrated to utilize renewable energy and lower
energy costs. Additionally, advanced green farming methods, such as vertical gardens and
hydroponics and aquaponics, will be employed to maximize space and resource efficiency. This
approach demonstrates how sustainable design and innovative agricultural practices can create
a highly efficient and eco-friendly agricultural hub.
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The proposed study seeks to determine the problems and solutions referring to the National
Building Code of the Philippines and other laws to meet the preferences of the specific users.
1. What architectural approach utilizes functionality for both agricultural and commercial spaces
to meet the satisfaction of the users?
2. How can they ensure sustainability by harmonizing the aesthetically appealing of two
aspects wherein they consider the climate and its orientation?
3. What architectural design strategies enhance the accessibility and improvements of each
structural development that emits environmental impact?
4. Does an architectural project comply with zoning laws and regulations, especially if they need
to meet both agricultural and commercial requirements?

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

The proposed research study seeks to assess the potential benefits of different sectors that
engage local residents, visitors, and consumers to satisfy their needs and preferences. The
proposed project focuses on how they are able to deal with environmental impacts, design
considerations, strategies, or solutions for conducting a mixed-use approach.

This research will investigate the effectiveness of sustainability and will not just focus on local
production but also on exports, educational institutions, demonstrations, health, and
entertainment. The National Building Code of the Philippines, the Department of Agriculture,
and other laws are intended to be followed for the implementation of this project. Taguig City
residents shall analyze the profitable business products and secure food poverty for emergency
purposes.

This study determines the environmental factors in urban agricultural parks and commercial
centers, like climate change, pollution, etc., that can't be controlled yet suggests an alternative
option for them. The purpose of this project is to identify the products that can be easily
produced for harvest but are unable to manage or fulfill the needs of excluded products.
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289
It must also consider the stakeholders who are needed in constructing the project, such as
mechanical, electrical, agriculturists, and other experts in different fields that may not be
covered by the designers or architects. The proposed study aims to have detailed budgetary
considerations and financial feasibility, which will not be covered in this research yet. It has been
suggested for financial experts and sponsored by the government since it is a community-based
project.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of this study is to integrate the functionality and aesthetics of architecture towards
the transformation of an urban area into a bustling commercial district and urban agricultural
park. Thus improving the local economic activities, creating green places for the population, and
addressing food security. The following are the people who might benefit on how architecture
plays an important role in the creation of these spaces:

Farmers / Gardeners / Fishermen.

● Access to Urban Markets: Urban agricultural parks provide farmers and gardeners with
direct access to urban markets, reducing the need for intermediaries and allowing them
to sell produce directly to consumers. This can increase their profit margins and create a
more sustainable economic model.
● Skill Development: Urban agricultural parks often offer educational programs,
workshops, and training opportunities, enabling farmers and gardeners to develop skills
in sustainable agriculture, urban farming techniques, and even entrepreneurship.
● Community Integration: By operating in urban settings, farmers and gardeners can
become more integrated with the local community, fostering stronger relationships with
consumers and raising awareness of the importance of locally sourced food.

Consumers.
● Access to Fresh, Local Produce: Consumers benefit from having direct access to
fresh, locally grown produce within urban environments. This improves their access to
healthier food options and promotes sustainable eating habits.
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Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289
● Engagement with Food Production: Urban agricultural parks allow consumers to
engage directly with the process of food production, creating educational opportunities
and fostering a deeper connection to where their food comes from.
● Health and Wellness: The presence of green spaces in urban areas can contribute to
the overall well-being of residents by providing opportunities for outdoor activities,
relaxation, and mental health benefits, all of which are vital for urban life.

Tourists.
● Unique Attractions: Urban agricultural parks integrated with commercial centers can
become unique tourist attractions, offering visitors the chance to experience urban
farming in action, purchase local products, and participate in agricultural-related events
or festivals.
● Sustainable Tourism: As sustainability becomes a key concern for travelers, urban
agricultural parks offer a form of eco-tourism that aligns with environmentally conscious
values, making cities more attractive to these tourists.
● Cultural Experiences: These parks can provide cultural experiences that highlight local
food traditions and agricultural practices, giving tourists a richer understanding of the
region's heritage.

Educational Institutions.
● Experiential Learning: Urban agricultural parks offer educational institutions hands-on
opportunities for students to learn about agriculture, sustainability, and urban design.
Schools and universities can use these parks as living laboratories where students can
conduct research and apply classroom knowledge to real-world challenges.
● Collaborative Projects: Universities can collaborate with urban agricultural parks on
research projects, internships, and community outreach initiatives. This provides
students with practical experience while contributing to the development of sustainable
urban practices.
● STEM and Environmental Education: These parks can serve as a valuable resource
for promoting STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education,
particularly in the areas of environmental science, biology, and sustainable engineering.
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Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289
Architects and Designers.
● Innovative Design Opportunities: Architects and designers can explore new design
paradigms that integrate green spaces, agriculture, and commercial functions within
dense urban environments. This pushes the boundaries of traditional urban design and
encourages innovation in creating multifunctional spaces.
● Sustainable Architecture: Urban agricultural parks promote sustainable architectural
practices, encouraging architects to design buildings and public spaces that reduce
energy consumption, manage water resources efficiently, and contribute to the overall
ecological health of the city.
● Community-Centered Design: Architects and designers can engage with the
community to co-create spaces that reflect local needs and values, making urban
agricultural parks not only functional but also culturally and socially relevant.

Future Researchers.
● New Research Opportunities: The intersection of urban agriculture and commercial
centers presents a rich area for research, including studies on urban sustainability, food
security, land-use efficiency, and the socio-economic impacts of integrating agriculture
into urban environments.
● Data Collection and Impact Assessment: Future researchers can assess the impact of
urban agricultural parks on various metrics, such as public health, environmental
sustainability, and economic development, providing valuable insights for policymakers
and urban planners.
● Cross-Disciplinary Studies: The study of urban agricultural parks offers opportunities
for cross-disciplinary research that brings together fields like architecture, urban
planning, agriculture, sociology, and environmental science, leading to more holistic
approaches to urban development.

By examining the effects of urban agricultural parks on these target groups, researchers and
practitioners can better understand the potential of these spaces to contribute to more
sustainable, equitable, and vibrant urban environments
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Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

LOCAL CASE STUDY

Farm sprouts into a table of resilience: The Sunnyville Farm journey towards innovative and
sustainable growth . Urban Agricultural Farming aims to addresses on how crops and adequate
spaces maintain in able for them to reduce food scarcity. Design approaches appreciate the
beauty of architecture connects with aesthetics and functionality for space planning.

Image 4 : Aerial view of The Sunnyville Farm

Sunnyville Farm is an urban agricultural land located in Quezon City that aims for innovative
and sustainable farming practices within the metropolitan area. A group of local farmers,
agriculturists, PWDs, survivors of disease, and other residents managed the farm, as well as
dedicated crops and local goods. It includes different areas within the parameters of 1.28
hectares in the area, such as farmsella, or crop section, aquaponics, hydroponics, pollinate and
flower area, and animal facilities. The community-based program ensures food security,
sustainable growth, and development for the residents, not just to promote farming but also to
meet the crops and other needs of the users.
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Images 5 : Activities on The Sunnyville farm in Quezon city

The crisis behind the crops encountered significant architectural problems, including limited
space due to their urban location, soil degradation, and inadequate water management
systems. The confined area made it difficult to implement traditional farming techniques,
wherein soil quality issues and water scarcity affected crop yields and the overall productivity of
urban farming. The animals or species that produce manure are not in a certain area or facility,
like bees, rabbits, etc.
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Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

Images 6 : Animals in the facilities.

To address these challenges, Sunnyville Farm conducted vertical farming techniques,

hydroponics facilities, and aquaponics, increasing the soil quality for crops. The solutions
showcase an organized production for producing crops wherein manures from animals turn into
fertilizer or a cycle for soil quality. As per hydroponics facilities, it will be the alternative solution
for traditional farming and restore the crop yield that initially grows in water.

Since the production yield increases, vertical farming, hydroponics, and manure cycles are able
to produce a variety of vegetables, herbs, and flowers annually. The new farming techniques
resolve its problem by creating growth for educational and health stability and ensuring
sustainability for metropolitan areas. Also, they achieved the traditional soil farming that can be
implemented in water, which aims for a water management system.
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Images 7 : Aquaponics and Manure Area

Based on the Philippines Statistics Authority 2021, the highest number of 1,389 establishments
(48.0%). This was followed by the growing of non-perennial crops with 473 establishments
(16.3%), support activities for agriculture, and post-harvest crop activities with 389
establishments (13.4%). It explains that urban farming using those techniques showcases a
good probability for different industries.

Figure 03 - Statistics of Urban Agricultural farming from PSA, 2021

To further improve Sunnyville Farm and determine other challenges, the researchers suggested
renovating the project, which aims to address adequate spaces, functionality planning,
techniques for reducing pollution, and the filtration of freshwater from Laguna de Bay using
hydroponics techniques. This study determines the design considerations reflecting on the
advancement techniques of farming, wherein support for production, educational references for
crops, and adequate food sources for poverty in the Philippines.
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Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
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Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

FOREIGN LITERATURE AND STUDIES

SOP 1 : What architectural approach utilizes functionality for both agricultural and
commercial spaces to meet the satisfaction of the users?

The vlog entitled Columbia's Agricultural Fly through showcases the exploration of features
wherein considered that the urban farming highlights for this project. Facilities are the mini
demonstration gardens and orchards will encourage them to educate and promote the food
production that can be donated to families in need through Columbia Center for urban
agriculture planning for the pantry program. The parking sidewalks and walking trails enlightens
this project because of its accessibility to the community . Also, the urban farming property not
only has gardens but also classrooms for children who want to be dedicated to crops, growth
and techniques which resolves the food scarcity . The Community Plaza will be a gathering
space lined with raised bed gardens that will have plenty of seating and the Columbia farmers
market will be held here year-round under the MU healthcare Pavilion . The commercial kitchen
will be used for cooking classes, nutrition education and will offer rentable space for
entrepreneurs; the flexible event space will host up to 175 people for events much like the
Reichman pavilion at Stephens Lake Park. Moreover, the resource center has office space for
park staff and will provide the public with practical information about growing and preparing
healthy food to help us to continue to grow this park through donating, volunteering and creating
memories with them. The design considerations such as accessibility, functionality, planning are
present in this project wherein they are able to meet the requirements for creating an urban
agricultural park and commercial center.

SOP 2 : How can they ensure sustainability by harmonizing the aesthetically appealing
of two aspects wherein they consider the climate and its orientation?

Due to a lack of connectivity between facilities, several cities’ eco-logical rainwater collection
systems have devolved into unclean water ditches, resulting in water pollution that has a severe
impact on the economy, environment, health, and China’s process of sustainable development .
The SDGs seek to address a wide range of complex issues confronting humanity, including
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gender inequality, climate change, water quality, education and environmental
degradation.Additionally, a nature-based solution for flood protection can be constructed by
utilizing urban renewal cycles for the rehabilitation of older areas. Natural solutions, such as
green roofs and natural retention ponds, should be considered throughout the development
stage of the new region.Real-time automated control and monitoring systems, such Supervisory
Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), should be implemented in the water service system, at
the source, water and wastewater treatment plants, and other networks to reduce the need for
human labor during the calamities. As a result, it is less likely that green methods will be
adopted on a large scale wherein to make flood risk mitigation holistic, natural (such as
introducing green roofs) and non-structural (such as improving policy) methods can compensate
for the limitations of structural approaches like as building drainage networks with good
performance, reservoirs, and pumping stations. (Yang , 2021)

According to Joshi 2021, Green roofs (GRs) are a sustainable alternative to conventional roofs
that provide multiple ecosystem services. Integrating GRs into urban areas is highly relevant
considering the rapidly increasing built-up in cities. Moreover , biodiversity enhancement,
climate regulation, water management, and air quality improvement, along with their social
acceptability and feasibility shows us how greenhouse capable this project is. The urban
agricultural park and commercial center collaborates on how sustainability meets the skyscraper
wherein they are able to emit the environmental impact and as for the protection provides better
services on it.

a. Vertical Farming
Vertical farming is the smallest model that can be implemented at one's own garden, but it can
be the biggest model implemented at the main building in the city. The advanced level for
harvesting technique, water management and crop cultivation and yielding process .

b. Community gardens
Community gardening is different from allotment, backyard, or balcony gardening in its
community focus: the people growing in the garden share ideas, resources, and experiences
rather than working alone.
Types of community gardens
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College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289
● Plot Gardens (divide into individual plots)
● Cooperative Gardens (work as a team on one large garden)
● Youth Gardens
● Entrepreneurial Market Gardens (sell produce)
● Therapeutic Gardens

c. Rooftop gardens
It can make urban living more self-sufficient and make fresh vegetables more accessible to
urban people. There are two types of rooftop gardens and depending on the structural design of
the roof. One is the extensive rooftop garden, often inaccessible and the other is the intensive
rooftop garden, which is accessible to people.

SOP 3 : What architectural design strategies enhance the accessibility and

improvements of each structural development that emits environmental impact?

Urban agriculture development is a strategy to improve food availability, food access and also to
support food security. Some urban agriculture models that have been implemented and
developed in many countries were metropolitan food clusters, rooftop gardens, community
gardens, and vertical farming. Indonesia started a program called “Sustainable Reserve Food
Garden” in 2010. This program involves women in the family as the main actors to use the
home yard optimally to cultivate vegetables and potential fruits. Also, Postharvest technology is
processing agricultural produce to get high quality vegetables and fruits. Minimizing damage to
crops, vegetables and fruits can be done through handling technology including material
washing vegetables and fruits safely, waxing technology for fruits, shelf life and biodegradable
packaging. Moreover , Traditional farming needs more 50% water and land resources than
vertical farming. Urban agriculture can be a non-polluting land use reducing transportation
energy needs, and packaging waste . Urban agriculture also can reduce the greenhouse gas
emission (GHG) effect which is the main cause of the increasing temperature in urban
cities.(Hayuningtyas , 2017)

SOP 4 : Does an architectural project comply with zoning laws and regulations,
especially if they need to meet both agricultural and commercial requirements?
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Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289
Department of Agriculture
According to Dar (2020), Republic Act No. 11494 or the Bayanihan to Recover as One Act
promotes the food accessibility and availability through growing food in urban areas. Also, the
innovative agricultural practices , collaboration among Local Government Units, National
Government agencies and other stakeholders. The establishment of community gardens
distributes the seeds, seedlings, and farm inputs: machineries, irrigation systems, other
necessary inputs, and support services. The implementation of this program manages the UA
program funding wherein the DA- Bureau of Agricultural and Fisheries Engineering (BAFE)
assesses the site selection for budgeting for any agricultural machinery, equipment, or facilities
or any other property delivered to the beneficiary.

Department of Environment and Natural Resources

Urban Parks and green cities are integral to the health of the people for constructing a
sustainable future wherein strategize on rethinking the development of cities , its parks, and
their contribution to the protection of ecosystem , infrastructures, economy, and communities.
Agriculturists serve as an important node for disseminating the information about the urban
farming practices . The RA 9003 or the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
particularly focuses on implementation of local plans on feasible reuse, recycling and
composting the materials. As included in the urban community, collaborates with the agricultural
sector, showcases growth composting initiative, integrates in urban agricultural efforts and
facilitates its inclusive growth for the increase of food availability nationwide. (KK Saguin and
M.A. Cagampan, 2023)

Philippine Green Building Code

The implementation of this code refers to the National Building Code of the Philippines aimed to
reduce greenhouse gas emissions, water consumption by at least 20 percent though a
framework of set of standards for site selection, water efficiency, material and indoor
environmental quality. The practice of adopting measures that promote resource management
efficiency and site sustainability while minimizing the negative impact of buildings on human
health and environment. Also, the design considerations under this code concerns economy,
durability, serviceability, and comfort. (Singson, 2015)
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

COMPUTATION

A. Public and Service Zone

SPACES NBCP Use Area per Major Users Minor Users Contingency 30 Allotted Area
Reference Occupant %

Parking
Based on National Building Code of the Philippines, DIVISION J-1, page 209
Community plaza Reviewing 0.65 sqm 50 10 60* 1.30 = 78 50.7 or 51 sqm
stands

Public restroom Minimum standards on PD. 1096

Utility Lounge Basement 2.80 sqm 7 4 11* 1.30 = 14.3 40 sqm

Total of Public and Service Zone 91 sqm

B. Production Zone
SPACES NBCP Use Area per Major Users Minor Users Contingency 30 Allotted Area
Reference Occupant %

Community Garden Vocational 4.60 sqm 20 8 28*1.30 = 36.4 167 sqm

institutions

Greenhouses Vocational 4.60 sqm 15 5 20 * 1.30 = 26 120 sqm

institutions

Hydroponics and Vocational 4.60 sqm 15 5 20 * 1.30 = 26 120 sqm

Aquaponics institutions

Urban Farms Vocational 4.60 sqm 25 10 35*1.30= 45.5 209 sqm

institutions

Resource center Basement 2.80 sqm 10 5 15*1.30 = 19.55 55 sqm

Total of Production Zone 671 sqm

C. Educational Zone

SPACES NBCP Use Area Major Minor Contingen Allotted

Reference per Users Users cy 30 % Area
Occupant
Demonstration Laboratories 4.60 sqm 40 10 50*1.30 = 65 299 sqm
Area

Educational Classroom 1.80 sqm 40 10 50 * 1.30 = 117 sqm

center 65

Healthcare Hospital 8.40 sqm 12 3 15* 1.30 = 19.5 164 sqm

Pavilion
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289
Total of Educational Zone 580 sqm

D. Agribusiness Zone
SPACES NBCP Reference Use Area per Major Users Minor Users Contingency 30 Allotted Area
Occupant %

Admin Office Ground floor 2.80 sqm 20 5 25*1.30 = 32. 5 91 sqm

Farmers market Ground floor 2.80 sqm 5 5 10* 1.30 = 13 36.4 sqm
retail store

Total of Agribusiness Zone 127. 4 sqm

Estimated lot area : 1, 469.4 sqm

 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

CRITERION MATRIX
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

BUBBLE DIAGRAM
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

RESEARCHERS POINT OF VIEW OR CONCLUSION

Based on the results of the study , there are some improvements needs to be drawn :
1. The proposed research study for Urban Agricultural Park and Commercial Center aims to
integrate the design considerations of different sectors since it is indicated in metropolitan areas
wherein it must consider the natural light and ventilation, security and aesthetically pleasing but
functionality for both major and minor users.

2.The Modern vernacular approach maintains the needs and requirements of the users and
showcases the exploration of designing facilities that boosts the crops annually into a farm
table.

3. The researchers concluded that there are some features that need to change or improve
wherein must be in separated the facilities of water management, land conservation and animal
cells suggested for enhancing the functionality of the area.
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

References
Achard(2023)https://igrownews.com/the-challenges-and-benefits-of-urban-farming/#:~:text=Urb
an%20farming%20is%20not%20without,of%20land%20and%20other%20resources.

Aubry and Daniel (2017). https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-71037-2_9

Bahadursingh,N(2023) Cream of the Crop: 8 Architecture Firms Leading the Urban Farming
RevolutionRetrievedfrom:https://www.google.com/amp/s/architizer.com/blog/inspiration/collectio
ns/future-of-architecture-urban-farming/amp

ColumbiaCenter(2019),https://m.youtube.com/watch?si=DXFanAwAKtwphp9r&v=tgsQn99RFz0
&feature=youtu.be

Contesse, et.al (2018)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0264837716312182

Dar, https://www.da.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/mc42_s2020.pdf

Eshetu, Shibire Bekele & Yeshitela, Kumelachew & Sieber, Stefan. (2021). Urban Green Space
Planning, Policy Implementation, and Challenges: The Case of Addis Ababa. Sustainability. 13.
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https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Input-Process-Output-analysis-of-Addis-Ababas-green-spac
e_fig2_355203002

Farmbox (2020) https://farmboxfoods.com/the-factors-behind-the-surge-in-urban-farming/

Green Space: https://www.grownyc.org/greenspace

Naton Urban Agricultural Park Phase 1 by ArchDaily. Link
https://www.archdaily.com/973487/nantong-urban-agricultural-park-phase-1-tourist-service-cent
er-z-one-tech
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

Joshi , 2021. Urban Integration of Green Roofs: Current Challenges and Perspectives
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12378

Lee ( 2017) , Strategy and Basic Planning for Creating an Urban Agricultural Park -Focusing on
Gosangol Village in Daegu City-https://koreascience.kr/article/JAKO201726439419013.

Souza ,2017. Greenhouse Technology in Architecture: Building Bright Spaces for the Future
https://www.archdaily.com/1013449/greenhouse-technology-in-architecture-building-bright-spac
es-for-the-future?ad_campaign=normal-tag

UP Agricultural Design. Link https://haraya.upca.upd.edu.ph/urban-agricultural-space/

Architecture for Urban Planning. Link
https://iris.polito.it/retrieve/e384c430-dc80-d4b2-e053-9f05fe0a1d67/conv_negrello_maicol__arc
hitecture_for_urban_agriculture_31_Ciclo_DASP_revised.pdf

Whitmyer(2024) Retrieved from :

https://www.riseagainsthunger.org/articles/an-urban-farm-serves-as-vital-source-of-produce-tagu
ig-philippines/

Yang (2021). Sustainable Urban Water Management in China: A Case Study from Guangzhou
and Kunming https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/21/10030