1. What is the function of the eyepiece (ocular lens) of a microscope?

a) Holds the objective lenses b) Provides illumination c) Magnifies the image d) Moves the stage up and down
2. Which part of the microscope is used to switch between different magnifications?
a) Stage b) Revolving nosepiece c) Coarse adjustment knob d) Diaphragm
3. The base of the microscope is important because:
a) It contains the light source b) It supports the entire microscope c) It holds the objective lenses d) It moves the stage
4. What part of the microscope controls the amount of light entering the specimen?
a) Stage b) Condenser c) Diaphragm d) Fine adjustment knob
5. Which objective lens provides the highest magnification?
a) Scanning power b) Low power c) High power d) Oil immersion
6. How does the coarse adjustment knob help in microscopy?
a) It focuses the image roughly b) It provides fine-tuning of the focus c) It switches between objective lenses d) It magnifies the image
7. Which part of the microscope should not be used with high power to avoid breaking the slide?
a) Eyepiece b) Coarse adjustment knob c) Fine adjustment knob d) Diaphragm
8. Why is staining used in microscopy?
a) To magnify the specimen c) To change the shape of the specimen
b) To increase contrast and visibility d) To kill bacteria in the sample
9. Which statement correctly describes the relationship between magnification and field of view?
a) As magnification increases, field of view increases c) Magnification and field of view are not related
b) As magnification increases, field of view decreases d) Field of view remains constant at all magnifications
10. Why do we need to start with the lowest power objective lens when viewing a specimen?
a) It provides the clearest image c) It allows for immediate high magnification
b) It prevents damage to the slide d) It reduces the need for focusing
11. A student looks at a sample under the microscope, but the image is too dim. What should they do?
a) Move the coarse adjustment knob b) Adjust the diaphragm c) Increase magnification d) Remove the eyepiece
12. If an image is blurry under high power, what should the student do?
a) Adjust the coarse adjustment knob b) Lower the stage c) Use the fine adjustment knob d) Rotate the nosepiece
13. What will happen if you place a slide upside-down on the stage?
a) The image will be perfectly focused c) The image will be upside-down and reversed
b) The image will not be visible d) The slide will break
14. How should a microscope be carried?
a) By the eyepiece b) By holding the arm and base c) By the stage d) With one hand only
15. A student notices that their specimen moves left when they move the slide right. Why does this happen?
a) The microscope is malfunctioning
b) The lenses invert the image
c) The light bends around the specimen
d) The stage is uneven
16. How is an electron microscope different from a light microscope?
a) It uses visible light to magnify objects
b) It provides lower magnification
c) It uses electron beams for higher resolution
d) It has only one lens
17. What would happen if the diaphragm of a microscope were removed?
a) The image would be too bright or too dim
b) The microscope would stop working
c) The specimen would disappear
d) The magnification would change
18. Why is immersion oil used with the oil immersion objective?
a) To increase magnification
b) To improve resolution and reduce light refraction
c) To clean the lens
d) To make the image darker
19. A student observes that their specimen is moving out of focus frequently. What is the most likely cause?
a) The fine adjustment knob is loose
b) The microscope is broken
c) The diaphragm is fully open
d) The stage clips are missing
20. Why does adjusting the fine focus knob make a smaller impact on the image than adjusting the coarse focus knob?
a) It moves the stage very slightly
b) It changes the magnification
c) It switches the objective lens
d) It changes the color of the image
21. How could you design an experiment to test how different stains affect cell visibility under the microscope?
a) Compare the same slide using different stains
b) Use only one stain and observe the results
c) Remove the stain and see what happens
d) Use a microscope without a light source
22. A scientist wants to examine a virus. What type of microscope should they use?
a) Light microscope
b) Electron microscope
c) Magnifying glass
d) Compound microscope
23. What is the best way to clean microscope lenses without scratching them?
a) Use tissue paper
b) Use lens paper
c) Use a cotton cloth
d) Wash with water
24. Which part of the microscope holds the objective lenses and allows them to rotate for different magnifications?
a) Stage
b) Revolving nosepiece
c) Eyepiece
d) Coarse adjustment knob
25. A student is observing a specimen under the high-power objective. The image appears blurry. What should the student do to
improve clarity without damaging the slide?
a) Use the coarse adjustment knob
b) Lower the stage completely
c) Adjust the fine adjustment knob
d) Increase the light intensity only

26. What is the basic unit of life?

a) Atom
b) Molecule
c) Cell
d) Tissue
27. Which organelle is responsible for producing energy in the cell?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondrion
c) Ribosome
d) Golgi apparatus
28. What part of the cell controls the entry and exit of substances?
a) Cell membrane
b) Cytoplasm
c) Nucleus
d) Lysosome
29. Which organelle is found only in plant cells and is responsible for photosynthesis?
a) Mitochondria
b) Ribosomes
c) Chloroplast
d) Vacuole
30. What is the function of ribosomes?
a) Store genetic material
b) Produce proteins
c) Digest waste materials
d) Transport substances
31. Why is the nucleus called the "control center" of the cell?
a) It controls cell division
b) It regulates the movement of materials
c) It contains genetic material (DNA)
d) It generates energy for the cell
32. How do plant cells differ from animal cells?
a) Plant cells lack a nucleus
b) Animal cells contain chloroplasts
c) Plant cells have a cell wall and large vacuole
d) Animal cells have a rigid structure
33. Which part of the cell functions like a packaging and distribution center?
a) Endoplasmic reticulum
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Lysosome
d) Vacuole
34. Why do muscle cells have more mitochondria than skin cells?
a) They store more energy
b) They require more energy for movement
c) They contain more water
d) They have a different type of DNA
35. What happens if the lysosomes in a cell stop functioning?
a) The cell will stop making proteins
b) The cell will be unable to digest waste
c) The cell will stop producing energy
d) The cell will divide uncontrollably
36. A scientist examines a cell under a microscope and sees a cell wall, a large vacuole, and chloroplasts. What type of cell is it?
a) Animal cell
b) Bacterial cell
c) Plant cell
d) Fungal cell
37. If a cell needs to transport materials quickly within the cytoplasm, which organelle is most useful?
a) Ribosome
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Lysosome
38. Which cell organelle would be most affected by a disease that prevents protein production?
a) Mitochondria
b) Ribosomes
c) Vacuoles
d) Nucleus
39. Why do onion cells lack chloroplasts?
a) They are underground and do not perform photosynthesis
b) They are not plant cells
c) They do not have a nucleus
d) They store energy instead of making it
40. If a cell membrane becomes too rigid, what function will be affected?
a) Protein production
b) Energy production
c) Transport of materials in and out of the cell
d) Photosynthesis
41. Why do nerve cells have long, thread-like extensions?
a) To store more nutrients
b) To send signals quickly over long distances
c) To generate energy
d) To protect the body from infections
42. What would happen to a plant cell placed in a highly concentrated salt solution?
a) It will shrink as water moves out
b) It will swell and burst
c) It will remain the same
d) It will produce more chloroplasts
43. Why are red blood cells shaped like discs?
a) To store oxygen
b) To fit through blood vessels easily
c) To absorb nutrients
d) To divide quickly
44. What is the significance of the semi-permeable nature of the cell membrane?
a) It allows all substances to pass freely
b) It prevents all substances from entering the cell
c) It controls what enters and exits the cell
d) It provides energy for the cell
45. How does a cell get rid of excess water?
a) Through its nucleus
b) By using its mitochondria
c) Through osmosis and vacuoles
d) By breaking down glucose
46. If a scientist discovers a cell with no nucleus, what type of cell is it most likely?
a) Plant cell
b) Animal cell
c) Bacterial cell
d) Fungal cell
47. Why would a defect in the mitochondria affect the entire body?
a) Cells would be unable to transport nutrients
b) Cells would lack the energy needed to function
c) Cells would lose their genetic information
d) Cells would stop producing proteins
48. Design an experiment to test how different temperatures affect enzyme activity inside cells. What variable should be changed?
a) Type of cell
b) Amount of enzyme
c) Temperature
d) Time of day
49. If you were to design an artificial cell, what features would be most important?
a) Ability to produce its own food
b) Ability to store oxygen
c) A flexible membrane and energy production system
d) A rigid, immovable structure
50. What analogy best describes the function of a cell membrane?
a) A brick wall
b) A gatekeeper
c) A battery
d) A sponge