2007 Chevrolet Corvette

2007 STEERING Power Steering - Corvette

2007 STEERING

Power Steering - Corvette

SPECIFICATIONS
FASTENER TIGHTENING SPECIFICATIONS

Fastener Tightening Specifications

Specification
Application Metric English
Adjuster Plug Lock Nut 68 N.m 50 lb ft
Crossmember Mounting Nuts 110 N.m 81 lb ft
Cylinder Line End Fittings 27 N.m 20 lb ft
Cylinder Line Valve End Fittings 17 N.m 13 lb in
Inner Tie Rod 100 N.m 74 lb ft
Intermediate Shaft to Steering Gear Pinch Bolt 27 N.m 20 lb ft
Outer Tie Rod End Stud Nut to Knuckle

First Pass 20 N.m 15 lb ft

Second Pass 160 degrees
Final Pass

45 N.m 33 lb ft
Power Steering Gear Mounting Bolt Nuts to
100 N.m 74 lb ft
Crossmember
Power Steering Hose Fittings 27 N.m 20 lb ft
Power Steering Pump Mounting Bolts 25 N.m 18 lb ft
Power Steering Reservoir Bracket Bolts to Engine 50 N.m 37 lb ft
Power Steering Return Hose Mounting Bolts 11 N.m 97 lb in

POWER STEERING PUMP SPECIFICATIONS

Power Steering Pump Specifications

Engine Engine High Flow Pressure Relief
Vehicle Code Size LPM GPM kPa PSI
Corvette LS2 6.0L 9.1/10.6 2.4/2.8 8619/9308 1250/1350

DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION AND PROCEDURES

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DIAGNOSTIC STARTING POINT - POWER STEERING SYSTEM (W/O ELECTRO-HYDRA

HYDRAULIC STEERING)

Begin the system diagnosis by reviewing the system Description and Operation. Reviewing the
Description and Operation information will help you determine the correct symptom diagnostic
procedure when a malfunction exists. Reviewing the Description and Operation information will
also help you determine if the condition described by the customer is normal operation. Refer to
Symptoms - Power Steering System in order to identify the correct procedure for diagnosing
the system and where the procedure is located.

SYMPTOMS - POWER STEERING SYSTEM

IMPORTANT: The following steps must be completed before using the symptom
tables.

1. Determine if the vehicle is equipped with an electrically assisted variable effort system.
Perform electrical diagnosis before proceeding with mechanical diagnosis. Refer to
Diagnostic Starting Point - Variable Effort Steering in Variable Effort Steering.
2. Review the system description and operation in order to familiarize yourself with the system
functions. Refer to Power Steering System Description and Operation (w/o Electro-
Hydraulic Steering).
Visual/Physical Inspection

Inspect for aftermarket devices which could affect the operation of the power steering
system.

Inspect the easily accessible or visible system components for obvious damage or conditions
which could cause the symptom.

Inspect for leaking power steering components. If necessary, refer to Power Steering Fluid
Leaks .

Verify the power steering fluid level per operating specification. Refer to Checking and
Adding Power Steering Fluid .

Inspect the power steering reservoir for the proper power steering fluid level and condition.
 Milky fluid - water

 Brown fluid - burnt

 Debris in fluid - plastic or dirt

If necessary, flush the power steering system. Refer to Power Steering System Flushing .
Symptoms List
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Refer to a symptom diagnostic procedure from the following list in order to diagnose the
symptom:

Power Steering Fluid Leaks

Rattle, Clunk, or Shudder Noise from the Power Steering System

Whine or Growl Noise from the Power Steering System

Steering Effort Hard or Too Easy in One or Both Directions

POWER STEERING SYSTEM TEST

Fig. 1: Testing Rack and Pinion System Pressures

Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

Callouts For Fig. 1

Callout Component Name
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1 Power Steering Return Hose

2 Power Steering Pressure Hose

Test Description

The numbers below refer to the step numbers on the diagnostic table.

5: This step tests the system for restrictions.

7: This step tests the following components for the following conditions:

The pump for internal leaks

The power steering pipes for kinks

8: This step tests the ability of the pump to regulate flow at maximum pressure.
10: This step tests the ability of the pump to regulate flow under normal operating
conditions.
12: This step tests the internal components of the pump and the gear.

Power Steering System Test

Step Action Value(s) Yes No
DEFINITION: The Power Steering System Test Procedure will perform the following
functions:

Test the operation of the hydraulic power steering system.

Test the operation of the power steering pump and power steering gear.

Identify restrictions in the system.
Inspect the power steering fluid for the
following indications of contamination:

Milky fluid - water

1
Brown fluid - burnt -

Debris in fluid - plastic or dirt

Is the fluid free of contamination? Go to Step 3 Go to Step 2

Flush the power steering system. Refer to
2 Power Steering System Flushing. -
Did you complete the procedure? Go to Step 3 -
IMPORTANT:

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In order to accurately diagnose the system,

the malfunction must be present during the
test procedure.
3 -
Attempt to duplicate the condition.Is the
condition present? Go to Step 4 System OK
1. Turn the ignition switch to the OFF
position.
2. Place a drain pan under the vehicle in
order to catch any power steering
fluid.
3. Disconnect the power steering
pressure pipe/hose from the power
4 steering pump or the power steering -
gear as necessary.
4. Install the J 44721 Power Steering
Analyzer.
5. Fill the power steering system. Refer
to Checking and Adding Power
Steering Fluid.

Did you complete the installation? Go to Step 5 -

1. Fully open the J 44721 valve.

2. Start the engine.

NOTE:
Refer to Steering Wheel in the Full Turn
Position Notice .

3. Turn the steering wheel and 1585 kPa

5
BRIEFLY hold the steering wheel (230 psi)
against the steering stop in order to
release any trapped air from the
system.
4. Inspect and ensure that all of the
power steering pipe/hose connections
are not leaking.
5. Observe the pressure reading.
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Is the pressure reading greater than the

specified value? Go to Step 6 Go to Step 7
IMPORTANT:
A restriction may be present in the power
steering system. Turn off the engine
6 IMMEDIATELY. -
Locate and repair the restriction.Did you Go to Step
complete the repair? 15 -
1. Allow the engine to run until the
engine reaches full operating
temperature.
2. Record the pressure reading and flow
reading.
3. Partially close the J 44721 valve
until the system pressure reaches the 4827 kPa
7
specified value, then record the (700 psi)
FLOW reading.
4. Subtract second flow reading from
the first flow reading.

Is the flow DECREASE greater than 3.8 L Go to Step

(1 gal) per minute? 13 Go to Step 8
IMPORTANT:
Do not leave the valve closed for more than 5
seconds, or internal pump damage could
accrue.

Fully close then open the J 44721 valve 3

8 times. Record all of the high pressure -
readings. Refer to Power Steering Pump
Specifications for power steering system
pressure relief specifications.Are the three
high pressure readings within Go to Step
specifications? Go to Step 9 13
Are the three high pressure readings within Go to Step Go to Step
9 -
245 kPa (50 psi) of each other? 10 13

1. Increase the engine speed to

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approximately 1500 RPM.

2. Record the flow reading. Refer to
Power Steering Pump
10 Specifications for power steering -
system pressure specifications.

Is the actual flow reading within Go to Step Go to Step

specifications? 11 13
Is the difference between the actual flow
reading and the maximum flow
11 -
specification more than 3.8 L (1 gal) per Go to Step Go to Step
minute? 13 12
NOTE:
Refer to Steering Wheel in the Full Turn
Position Notice .

12 Turn the steering wheel from steering stop -

to steering stop and record the FLOW
readings at each stop.Is the flow LOWER Go to Step Go to Step
than 3.8 L (1 gal) per minute? 15 14
Replace the power steering pump. Refer to
13 Power Steering Pump Replacement. - Go to Step
Did you complete the replacement? 15 -
The power steering gear is leaking across
the piston or bypassing the valve circuit.
14 Replace the power steering gear. Refer to -
Power Steering Gear Replacement. Go to Step
Did you complete the replacement? 15 -
Test the power steering system for the
15 original condition. - Go to Step
Does the original condition still exist? Go to Step 5 16

1. Disconnect and remove the J 44721

from the vehicle.
2. Connect the vehicle power steering
16 pipes/hoses. -
3. Bleed the power steering system and
add fluid as necessary. Refer to
Power Steering System Bleeding.
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Did you complete the repair? System OK -

POWER STEERING FLUID LEAKS

Power Steering Fluid Leaks

Step Action Yes No
Did you review the Power Steering System Go to Symptoms
1 General Description and perform the necessary - Power
inspections? Go to Step 2 Steering System
Verify that power steering fluid leaks are
2 present.
Is the power steering system leaking? Go to Step 3 System OK
Inspect the power steering system fittings.
3
Are the fittings leaking? Go to Step 8 Go to Step 4
Inspect the power steering hoses.
4
Are the hoses leaking? Go to Step 9 Go to Step 5
Inspect the power steering sensors.
5
Are the sensors leaking? Go to Step 10 Go to Step 6
Inspect the power steering pump and the
6 reservoir for leaks.
Is the power steering pump or reservoir leaking? Go to Step 11 Go to Step 7
Inspect the power steering gear for leaks.
7
Is the power steering gear leaking? Go to Step 12 Go to Step 8
Tighten the fittings. Refer to Fastener
8 Tightening Specifications.
Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 13 -
Replace the power steering hoses. Refer to the
appropriate procedure(s):

Power Steering Reservoir Outlet

Pipe/Hose Replacement

Power Steering Pressure Pipe/Hose
9
Replacement

Power Steering Return Hose
Replacement (FE)

Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 13 -

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Replace the power steering sensors.

10
Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 13 -
Replace the power steering pump or reservoir.
Refer to Power Steering Pump Replacement
11 or Remote Power Steering Fluid Reservoir
Replacement.
Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 13 -
Replace the power steering gear. Refer to
12 Power Steering Gear Replacement.
Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 13 -
Operate the system in order to verify the repair.
13
Did you correct the condition? System OK Go to Step 3

RATTLE, CLUNK, OR SHUDDER NOISE FROM THE POWER STEERING SYSTEM

Rattle, Clunk, or Shudder Noise from the Power Steering System

Step Action Yes No
Did you review the Power Steering System Go to Symptoms
1 General Description and perform the necessary - Power
inspections? Go to Step 2 Steering System
Verify that a rattle, clunk or shudder noise is
2 present.
Is a rattle, clunk or shudder noise present? Go to Step 3 System OK
Inspect the power steering hoses for proper
routing and clearance.
3
Is the routing or clearance of the power steering
hoses incorrect? Go to Step 12 Go to Step 4
Inspect the engine drive belt for cracking or
excessive wear. Refer to Drive Belt
4 Replacement - Accessory in Engine
Mechanical - 5.7L.
Is the drive belt cracked or excessively worn? Go to Step 13 Go to Step 5
Inspect the power steering pump pulley for
5 damage.
Is the power steering pump pulley damaged? Go to Step 14 Go to Step 6
Inspect the power steering pump and the power
6 steering mounting bracket/brace for the proper
installation. Refer to Power Steering Pump
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Replacement.
Is the power steering pump installation
incorrect? Go to Step 15 Go to Step 7
Inspect the power steering gear for the proper
installation. Refer to Power Steering Gear
7
Replacement.
Is the power steering gear installation incorrect? Go to Step 16 Go to Step 8
Inspect the steering gear bearing preload for the
proper adjustment.
8
Is the steering gear bearing preload adjustment
incorrect? Go to Step 17 Go to Step 9
Inspect the steering linkage.
9
Is the steering linkage worn? Go to Step 18 Go to Step 10
Inspect the suspension.
10
Is the suspension worn? Go to Step 19 Go to Step 11
Inspect the intermediate shaft.
11
Is the intermediate shaft worn? Go to Step 20 Go to Step 3
Adjust or replace the hoses. Refer to the
appropriate procedures:

Power Steering Reservoir Outlet

Pipe/Hose Replacement

Power Steering Pressure Pipe/Hose
12
Replacement

Power Steering Return Hose
Replacement (FE)

Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 21 -

Replace the engine drive belt. Refer to Drive
Belt Replacement - Accessory in Engine
13
Mechanical - 5.7L.
Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 21 -
Replace the power steering pump pulley. Refer
14 to Power Steering Pulley Replacement.
Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 21 -
Install the power steering pump correctly. Refer
15 to Power Steering Pump Replacement.
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Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 21 -

Install the power steering gear correctly. Refer
16 to Power Steering Gear Replacement.
Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 21 -
Adjust the steering gear bearing preload.
17
Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 21 -
Replace the worn steering linkage.
18
Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 21 -
Replace the worn suspension components. Refer
to Diagnostic Starting Point - Suspension
19
General Diagnosis .
Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 21 -
Replace the intermediate shaft. Refer to
Intermediate Steering Shaft Replacement in
20
Steering Wheel and Column.
Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 21
Operate the system in order to verify the repair.
21
Did you correct the condition? System OK Go to Step 3

WHINE OR GROWL NOISE FROM THE POWER STEERING SYSTEM

Whine or Growl Noise from the Power Steering System

Step Action Yes No
Did you review the Power Steering System Go to Symptoms
1 Description and perform the necessary - Power Steering
inspections? Go to Step 2 System
Verify that a whine or growl noise is present.
2
Is a whine or growl noise present? Go to Step 3 System OK
Inspect the power steering fluid for the
following indications of contamination:
Milky fluid - water
3
Brown Fluid - burnt
Debris in fluid - plastic or dirt
Is the fluid free of contamination? Go to Step 5 Go to Step 4
Flush the power steering system. Refer to
4 Power Steering System Bleeding .
Did you complete the procedure? Go to Step 11 Go to Step 5
Using the J 39570 Chassis Ear, inspect the
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power steering gear for a whine or growl noise.

5
Is the noise present at the power steering gear? Go to Step 8 Go to Step 6
Using the J 39570 , inspect the power steering
pump for a whine or growl noise.
6
Is the noise present at the power steering
pump? Go to Step 9 Go to Step 7
Using the J 39570 , inspect the power steering
7 hoses for a whine or growl noise.
Is the noise present at the power steering hoses? Go to Step 10 Go to Step 2
Replace the power steering gear. Refer to
8 Power Steering Gear Replacement. -
Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 11
Replace the power steering pump. Refer to
9 Power Steering Pump Replacement. -
Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 11
Adjust the routing of the power steering hoses.
10 -
Did you complete the repair? Go to Step 11
Operate the system in order to verify the repair.
11
Did you correct the condition? System OK Go to Step 3

POOR RETURN OF STEERING WHEEL

Poor Return of Steering Wheel

Step Action Yes No
DEFINITION: After completing a turn, extra steering input is required for the steering
wheel to return to center.
Did you review the General Description and Go to Power
perform the necessary inspections? Steering System
Description and
1 Operation (w/o
Electro-
Hydraulic
Go to Step 2 Steering)
Verify that poor return of the steering wheel is
2 present.
Does the system operate normally? System OK Go to Step 3
1. Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to
Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle .
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2. Lubricate the tie rod ends and ball joints,

if applicable.
3. Inspect the suspension system for worn or
3 damaged components.
4. Repair as necessary.

Did you find and correct the condition? Go to Step 12 Go to Step 4

1. Rotate the steering wheel ONE revolution
in both directions.
2. Rotate the steering wheel back to the
4 original position.

Was the steering wheel abnormally difficult to

rotate in either direction? Go to Step 5 Go to Step 10
IMPORTANT:
Position the wheels straight ahead. Do NOT rotate
the steering wheel more than one complete
revolution from center.

1. Disconnect the intermediate shaft from the

steering column.
5 2. Note the position of the steering wheel and
rotate the steering wheel ONE revolution
in both directions.
3. Rotate the steering wheel back to the
original position.

Was the steering wheel abnormally difficult to

rotate in either direction? Go to Step 11 Go to Step 6
Inspect the intermediate shaft for stiff or loose
6 joints. Repair or replace as necessary.
Did you find and complete the repair? Go to Step 12 Go to Step 7
1. Remove the front tire and wheel
assemblies. Refer to Tire and Wheel
Removal and Installation .
2. Disconnect both outer tie rod ends from
the steering knuckles.

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3. Use your hands in order to move the tie

rod end studs.
4. If abnormally difficult to move, replace
the tie rod end. If equipped with
7 recirculating ball steering, ensure that idler
and pitman arm joints are not to stiff.
Repair as necessary.

Did you find and complete the repair? Go to Step 12 Go to Step 8

1. Use your hands to rotate the steering
knuckle inboard and outboard in order to
inspect for a binding strut bearings, ball
8 joints, or axle.
2. Repair or replace any abnormally stiff or
loose components.

Did you find and complete the repair? Go to Step 12 Go to Step 9

Inspect for binding in the steering gear. If a
binding is present repair or replace the steering
9
gear.
Did you find and complete the repair? Go to Step 12 Go to Step 10
Inspect the wheel alignment and adjust as
necessary. Refer to Measuring Wheel
10
Alignment .
Did you find and complete the repair? Go to Step 12 -
Inspect the steering column for a binding. If a
binding is present, repair or replace the steering
11
column as necessary.
Did you find and complete the repair? Go to Step 12 -
Operate the system in order to verify the repair.
12
Did you correct the condition? System OK -

STEERING EFFORT HARD OR TOO EASY IN ONE OR BOTH DIRECTIONS

Steering Effort Hard or Too Easy in One or Both Directions

Step Action Yes No
Did you review the Power Steering System
1 General Description and perform the necessary Go to Symptoms
- Power Steering
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inspections? Go to Step 2 System

Verify that the steering effort is hard in one or
2 both directions.
Does the system operate normally? System OK Go to Step 3
Perform the power steering test procedure.
3 Refer to Power Steering System Test.
Did you complete the procedure? Go to Step 4 -
Operate the system in order to verify the repair.
4
Did you correct the condition? System OK Go to Step 3

REPAIR INSTRUCTIONS
POWER STEERING SYSTEM BLEEDING

IMPORTANT:
Use clean, new power steering fluid type only. See the
Maintenance and Lubrication subsection for fluid
specifications. Refer to Fluid and Lubricant
Recommendations .

Hoses touching the frame, body or engine may cause
system noise. Verify that the hoses do not touch any
other part of the vehicle.

Loose connections may not leak, but could allow air into
the steering system. Verify that all hose connections are
tight.

IMPORTANT: Power steering fluid level must be maintained throughout

bleed procedure.

1. Fill pump reservoir with fluid to minimum system level, FULL COLD level, or middle of
hash mark on cap stick fluid level indicator.

IMPORTANT: With hydro-boost only, the oil level will appear falsely high if
the hydro-boost accumulator is not fully charged. Do not
apply the brake pedal with the engine OFF. This will
discharge the hydro-boost accumulator.

2. If equipped with hydro-boost, fully charge the hydro-boost accumulator using the following
procedure:
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1. Start the engine.

2. Firmly apply the brake pedal 10-15 times.
3. Turn the engine OFF.
3. Raise the vehicle until the front wheels are off the ground. Refer to Lifting and Jacking
the Vehicle .
4. Key on engine OFF, turn the steering wheel from stop to stop 12 times.

Vehicles equipped with hydro-boost systems or longer length power steering hoses may
require turns up to 15 to 20 stop to stops.

5. Verify power steering fluid level per operating specification. Refer to Checking and
Adding Power Steering Fluid.
6. Start the engine. Rotate steering wheel from left to right. Check for sign of cavitation or
fluid aeration (pump noise/whining).
7. Verify the fluid level. Repeat the bleed procedure, if necessary.

CHECKING AND ADDING POWER STEERING FLUID

NOTE: When adding fluid or making a complete fluid change, always use
the proper power steering fluid. Failure to use the proper fluid will
cause hose and seal damage and fluid leaks.

1. Clean the area surrounding the reservoir cap.

2. Remove the reservoir cap.
3. Inspect the power steering pump fluid level at regular intervals. Use the appropriate
procedure below.

Add fluid when required. Refer to Fluid and Lubricant Recommendations .

Fluid Is Hot

1. Run the engine until the fluid reaches about 80°C (170°F).
2. Turn the engine OFF.
3. Remove the reservoir cap.
4. Inspect the fluid level on the capstick.
5. Ensure that the fluid level is at the HOT/FULL mark on the capstick.
4. If the fluid level is low, add power steering fluid to the proper level.
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5. Install the reservoir cap.

6. When checking the fluid level after servicing the steering system, bleed the air from the
system. Refer to Power Steering System Bleeding.

POWER STEERING SYSTEM FLUSHING

IMPORTANT: Do not reuse any drained power steering fluid regardless of

appearance or condition.

1. Turn OFF the engine.

2. Raise the front end of the vehicle off the ground until the tires and wheels turn freely. Refer
to Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle .
3. Place a large container under the fluid return hose in order to collect the draining fluid.
4. Remove the fluid return hose at the power steering pump reservoir inlet connection.
5. Plug the reservoir return hose inlet connection on the power steering pump.

IMPORTANT: This step may require 4 L (4 qt) of power steering fluid until
the draining fluid appears clear.

6. With the key on engine off, turn the steering wheel fully to the left and to the right while an
assistant maintains the minimum fluid level in the reservoir using new approved power
steering fluid. Continue until the fluid from the return hose runs clear.
7. Remove the plug from the pump reservoir inlet connection and install the fluid return hose
to the pump reservoir.

IMPORTANT: Do NOT run the engine without the power steering fluid at a
minimum system level.

8. Bleed the power steering system. Refer to Power Steering System Bleeding.
9. Inspect the power steering fluid for the following indications of contamination:

Milky fluid - water

Brown fluid - burnt

Plastic debris or dirt chunks

10. If the fluid is contaminated, repeat steps 2-9.

11. Lower the vehicle and check the Power Steering system for leaks.

REMOTE POWER STEERING FLUID RESERVOIR REPLACEMENT

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Removal Procedure

Fig. 2: Power Steering Fluid Reservoir, Capstick, Bracket & Bolts

Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Place a drain pan under the vehicle.

2. Remove the capstick (1) from the power steering fluid reservoir (2).
3. Remove the power steering fluid reservoir (2) from the power steering fluid reservoir
bracket (5).
4. Remove the following components from the power steering fluid reservoir (2):

The power steering reservoir outlet pipe/hose. Refer to Power Steering Reservoir

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Outlet Pipe/Hose Replacement.

The power steering return hose. Refer to Power Steering Return Hose Replacement
(FE).
5. Remove the power steering fluid reservoir (2) from the vehicle.
Installation Procedure

Fig. 3: Power Steering Fluid Reservoir, Capstick, Bracket & Bolts

Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Install the power steering fluid reservoir (2) to the vehicle.

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IMPORTANT: Make sure that the alignment mark on the power steering
return hose is installed at the bottom of the power steering
reservoir.

2. Install the following components to the power steering fluid reservoir (2):

The power steering reservoir outlet pipe/hose. Refer to Power Steering Reservoir
Outlet Pipe/Hose Replacement.

The power steering return hose. Refer to Power Steering Return Hose Replacement
(FE).
3. Install the power steering fluid reservoir (2) to the power steering fluid reservoir bracket
(5).
4. Bleed the power steering system. Refer to Power Steering System Bleeding.

REMOTE POWER STEERING FLUID RESERVOIR BRACKET REPLACEMENT

Removal Procedure

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Fig. 4: Power Steering Fluid Reservoir, Capstick, Bracket & Bolts

Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Remove the power steering fluid reservoir. Refer to Remote Power Steering Fluid
Reservoir Replacement.
2. Remove the bolts (4) from the power steering fluid reservoir bracket (5).
3. Remove the power steering fluid reservoir bracket (5) from the vehicle.
Installation Procedure

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Fig. 5: Power Steering Fluid Reservoir, Capstick, Bracket & Bolts

Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Install the power steering fluid reservoir bracket (5) into the vehicle.

NOTE: Use the correct fastener in the correct location. Replacement

fasteners must be the correct part number for that application.
Fasteners requiring replacement or fasteners requiring the use
of thread locking compound or sealant are identified in the
service procedure. Do not use paints, lubricants, or corrosion
inhibitors on fasteners or fastener joint surfaces unless

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specified. These coatings affect fastener torque and joint

clamping force and may damage the fastener. Use the correct
tightening sequence and specifications when installing
fasteners in order to avoid damage to parts and systems.

2. Install the bolts (4) to the power steering fluid reservoir bracket (5).

Tighten: Tighten the bolts to 50 N.m (37 lb ft).

3. Install the power steering fluid reservoir. Refer to Remote Power Steering Fluid
Reservoir Replacement.
4. Bleed the power steering system. Refer to Power Steering System Bleeding.

POWER STEERING PULLEY REPLACEMENT

Tools Required

J 25033-C Power Steering Pump Pulley Installer

J 25034-C Power Steering Pump Pulley Remover
Removal Procedure

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Fig. 6: View Of Power Steering Pump Pulley Remover

Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Remove the brake pressure modulator valve (BPMV). Refer to Brake Pressure
Modulator Valve Replacement in Antilock Brake System.
2. Remove the brake pressure modulator valve (BPMV) bracket. Refer to Brake Pressure
Modulator Valve Bracket Replacement in Antilock Brake System.
3. Remove the accessory drive belt. Refer to Drive Belt Replacement - Accessory in Engine
Mechanical-6.0L.
4. Install the J 25034-C on the power steering pump pulley and remove the pulley.
Installation Procedure

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Fig. 7: View Of Power Steering Pump Pulley Installer

Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

IMPORTANT: The pulley must be installed onto pump shaft so that the
pulley hub is flush with the pump shaft.

1. Using J 25033-C , install the power steering pump pulley onto the power steering pump.
2. Install the accessory drive belt. Refer to Drive Belt Replacement - Accessory in Engine
Mechanical-6.0L.
3. Install the brake pressure modulator valve (BPMV) bracket. Refer to Brake Pressure
Modulator Valve Bracket Replacement in Antilock Brake System.
4. Install the brake pressure modulator valve (BPMV). Refer to Brake Pressure Modulator
Valve Replacement in Antilock Brake System.
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POWER STEERING PUMP REPLACEMENT

Removal Procedure

1. Remove the Brake Pressure Modulator Valve (BPMV). Refer to Brake Pressure
Modulator Valve Replacement in Antilock Brake System.
2. Remove the Brake Pressure Modulator Valve (BPMV) bracket. Refer to Brake Pressure
Modulator Valve Bracket Replacement in Antilock Brake System.
3. Remove the power steering fluid reservoir. Refer to Remote Power Steering Fluid
Reservoir Replacement.
4. Remove the power steering pump pulley. Refer to Power Steering Pulley Replacement.
5. Remove the power steering reservoir outlet pipe/hose from the power steering pump. Refer
to Power Steering Reservoir Outlet Pipe/Hose Replacement.
6. Remove the power steering pressure hose from the power steering pump. Refer to Power
Steering Pressure Pipe/Hose Replacement.

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Fig. 8: Power Steering Pump Rear Bracket, Power Steering Pump & Mounting
Bolts
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

7. Remove the power steering pump mounting bolts (3) from the power steering pump (2).
8. Remove the following components from the power steering pump rear bracket (1):

The power steering pump front bracket (3).

The power steering pump (2).

Installation Procedure

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Fig. 9: Power Steering Pump Rear Bracket, Power Steering Pump & Mounting
Bolts
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Install the following components to the power steering pump rear bracket (1):

The power steering pump (2).

The power steering pump front bracket (3).

NOTE: Use the correct fastener in the correct location. Replacement

fasteners must be the correct part number for that application.
Fasteners requiring replacement or fasteners requiring the use
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of thread locking compound or sealant are identified in the

service procedure. Do not use paints, lubricants, or corrosion
inhibitors on fasteners or fastener joint surfaces unless
specified. These coatings affect fastener torque and joint
clamping force and may damage the fastener. Use the correct
tightening sequence and specifications when installing
fasteners in order to avoid damage to parts and systems.

2. Install the power steering pump mounting bolts (4) to the power steering pump (2).

Tighten: Tighten the bolts to 25 N.m (18 lb ft).

3. Install the power steering reservoir outlet pipe/hose to the power steering pump. Refer to
Power Steering Reservoir Outlet Pipe/Hose Replacement.
4. Install the power steering pressure hose to the power steering pump. Refer to Power
Steering Pressure Pipe/Hose Replacement.
5. Install the power steering pump pulley. Refer to Power Steering Pulley Replacement.
6. Install the power steering fluid reservoir. Refer to Remote Power Steering Fluid
Reservoir Replacement.
7. Install the Brake Pressure Modulator Valve (BPMV) bracket. Refer to Brake Pressure
Modulator Valve Bracket Replacement in Antilock Brake System.
8. Install the Brake Pressure Modulator Valve (BPMV). Refer to Brake Pressure Modulator
Valve Replacement in Antilock Brake System.
9. Bleed the power steering system. Refer to Power Steering System Bleeding.

RACK AND PINION OUTER TIE ROD END REPLACEMENT

Tools Required

J 42188 Ball Joint Separator

Removal Procedure

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Fig. 10: J 42188, Outer Tie Rod & Stud Nut, Outer Tie Rod & Ball Stud
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Raise and suitably support the vehicle. Refer to Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle in
General Information.
2. Remove the tire and wheel assemblies. Refer to Tire and Wheel Removal and
Installation in Tires and Wheels.
3. Loosen, do not remove, the outer tie rod end stud nut (2) from the outer tie rod end ball
stud.
4. Install J 42188 between the steering knuckle and the outer tie rod end stud.

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5. Tighten the nut on J 42188 until the steering knuckle and the outer tie rod end stud separate.
6. Remove J 42188 and the outer tie rod end stud nut.

Fig. 11: Inner Tie Rod Assembly, Jam Nut, Outer Tie Rod End Stud Nut, Steering
Knuckle & Outer Tie Rod End
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

7. Remove the outer tie rod end stud (5) from the steering knuckle (4).
8. Loosen the jam nut (2) on the inner tie rod assembly.
9. Remove the outer tie rod end (5) from the inner tie rod assembly (1).
Installation Procedure

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Fig. 12: Inner Tie Rod Assembly, Jam Nut, Outer Tie Rod End Stud Nut, Steering
Knuckle & Outer Tie Rod End
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Install the outer tie rod end (5) to the inner tie rod assembly (1). Do not tighten the jam nut.
2. Install the outer tie rod end stud (5) to the steering knuckle (4).

NOTE: Refer to Fastener Notice in Cautions and Notices.

3. Install the outer tie rod end stud nut (3) to the outer tie rod end stud (5).

Tighten:
1. Tighten the outer tie rod end stud nut to 20 N.m (15 lb ft) to seat the stud.
2. Turn the nut an additional 160 degrees.
3. Check for the outer tie rod end stud nut for a minimum final torque of 45 N.m (33 lb
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ft).

Fig. 13: Identifying Inner Tie Rod Assembly & Jam Nut
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

4. Install the tire and wheel assemblies. Refer to Tire and Wheel Removal and Installation .
5. Lower the vehicle.

IMPORTANT: Do not twist the rack and pinion boot during toe adjustment.

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6. Adjust the wheel toe. Refer to Front Toe Adjustment in Wheel Alignment.

RACK AND PINION BOOT REPLACEMENT

Tools Required

J 22610 Keystone Clamp Pliers. See Special Tools.

Removal Procedure

1. Remove the outer tie rod. Refer to Rack and Pinion Outer Tie Rod End Replacement.

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Fig. 14: View Of Rack Assembly, Tie Rod Clamp, Nut And Rack & Pinion Boot
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

2. Remove the nut (5) from the inner tie rod assembly.
3. Remove the tie rod clamp (4).
4. Use side cutters to remove the boot clamp (2).
5. Discard the boot clamp.

IMPORTANT: After removing the boot, inspect the inner tie rod for
evidence of corrosion or contamination. If none is evident,
continue with the repair. If corrosion or contamination is
evident, replace the steering gear.

6. Remove the rack and pinion boot (3).

Installation Procedure

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Fig. 15: View Of Rack Assembly, Tie Rod Clamp, Nut And Rack & Pinion Boot
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Install the new boot clamp (2) onto the rack and pinion boot (3).

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Fig. 16: Identifying Inner Rod & Gear Assembly Lubrication Points
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

2. Apply grease to the inner rod (2) and apply grease to the gear assembly (1) prior to the boot
(3) installation.

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Fig. 17: View Of Rack Assembly, Tie Rod Clamp, Nut And Rack & Pinion Boot
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

IMPORTANT: The rack and pinion boot must not be twisted or out of shape
in any way. An improperly shaped boot must be shaped by
hand before installing the boot clamp.

3. Install the boot (3) onto the inner tie rod assembly.
4. Install the boot (3) onto the gear assembly (1) until the boot is seated in the gear assembly
groove.

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Fig. 18: Identifying J 22610

Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

5. Install the boot clamp on the boot (1) using tool J 22610 (2). See Special Tools.
6. Crimp the boot clamp (2).
7. Install the tie rod end clamp on the boot using pliers.
8. Install the jam nut to the inner tie rod assembly.
9. Install the outer tie rod. Refer to Rack and Pinion Outer Tie Rod End Replacement.

RACK AND PINION INNER TIE ROD REPLACEMENT

Tools Required

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J 34028 Inner Tie Rod Wrench. See Special Tools.

Removal Procedure

Fig. 19: Removing The Shock Dampener From The Inner Tie Rod
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Raise the vehicle. Support the vehicle with suitable safety stands.
2. Remove the tire and wheel assembly from the vehicle. Refer to Tire and Wheel Removal
and Installation in Tires and Wheels.

IMPORTANT: After removing the boot, inspect the inner tie rod for
evidence of corrosion or contamination. If none is evident,

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continue with the repair. If corrosion or contamination is

evident, replace the steering gear.

3. Remove the rack and pinion boot. Refer to Rack and Pinion Boot Replacement.

NOTE: Do not change the rack bearing preload adjustment before

removing the inner tie rod from the steering rack. This could
cause damage to the pinion or the steering rack or both.

4. Remove the shock dampener (2) from the inner tie rod (5).
5. Slide the shock dampener (2) back onto the rack (1).

IMPORTANT: Do not hold the steering rack while removing the inner tie rod
if the preload adjustment has not been changed.

6. Remove the inner tie rod (5) from the rack assembly (1) as follows:

Place a wrench on the flats of the inner tie rod housing (4).

Rotate the inner tie rod housing (4) counterclockwise until the inner tie rod (5)
separates from the rack.

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Fig. 20: Rack And Inner Tie Rod Threads

Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

7. Remove the old Loctite® from the threads (2) of the rack (1) and the inner tie rod (3).
Installation Procedure

IMPORTANT: Make sure the shock dampener is on the rack before

installing the inner tie rod.
The threads must be clean prior to the Loctite® application.
Check the Loctite®, or equivalent, container for expiration
date. Use only enough Loctite® to evenly coat the threads.

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Fig. 21: Rack And Inner Tie Rod Threads

Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Apply Loctite® 262, or equivalent, to the inner tie rod threads (2).
2. Install the inner tie rod (3) to the rack and pinion (1).

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Fig. 22: Tightening The Inner Tie Rod

Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

NOTE: Refer to Fastener Notice in Cautions and Notices.

3. Install a torque wrench(5) to the J 34028 to tighten the inner tie rod. See Special Tools.

Hold the rack(3) while tightening the tie rod(4) as shown.

Tighten: Tighten the inner tie rod (6) to 100 N.m (74 lb ft).

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Fig. 23: Identifying Shock Dampener & Inner Tie Rod Housing
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

4. Slide the shock dampener (2) over the inner tie rod housing (3) until the front lip of the
shock dampener bottoms out against the inner tie rod housing.
5. Install the rack and pinion boot. Refer to Rack and Pinion Boot Replacement.
6. Install the tire and wheel assembly to the vehicle. Refer to Tire and Wheel Removal and
Installation in Tires and Wheels.
7. Remove the safety stands.
8. Lower the vehicle.
9. Check the wheel alignment. Refer to Measuring Wheel Alignment in Wheel Alignment.

POWER STEERING RESERVOIR OUTLET PIPE/HOSE REPLACEMENT

Removal Procedure

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Fig. 24: Power Steering Pump, Power Steering Reservoir, Clamp Retaining The
Outlet Hose
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Place a drain pan under the vehicle.

2. Remove the clamp retaining the outlet hose (2) to the power steering pump (3).
3. Remove the clamp retaining the outlet hose to the power steering reservoir (1).
4. Remove the outlet hose from the vehicle.
Installation Procedure

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Fig. 25: Power Steering Pump, Power Steering Reservoir, Clamp Retaining The
Outlet Hose
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Install the outlet hose (2) to the power steering reservoir (1).
2. Install the outlet hose to the power steering pump (3).
3. Install the outlet hose retaining clamps.
4. Bleed the power steering system. Refer to Power Steering System Bleeding.

POWER STEERING PRESSURE PIPE/HOSE REPLACEMENT

Removal Procedure

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Fig. 26: Power Steering Pump & Power Steering Pressure Hose
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Remove the power steering pump pulley. Refer to Power Steering Pulley Replacement.
2. Remove the power steering pressure hose (2) from the power steering pump (1).
3. Remove the power steering pressure hose (2) from the power steering gear.

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4. Remove the power steering pressure hose (2) from the vehicle.
Installation Procedure

Fig. 27: Power Steering Pump & Power Steering Pressure Hose
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

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1. Install the power steering pressure hose (2) to the vehicle.

NOTE: Refer to Fastener Notice in Cautions and Notices.

2. Install the power steering pressure hose (2) to the power steering gear.

Tighten: Tighten the fitting to 27 N.m (20 lb ft).

3. Install the power steering pressure hose (2) to the power steering pump (1).

Tighten: Tighten the fitting to 27 N.m (20 lb ft).

4. Install the power steering pump pulley. Refer to Power Steering Pulley Replacement.
5. Bleed the power steering system. Refer to Power Steering System Bleeding.

POWER STEERING RETURN HOSE REPLACEMENT (FE)

Removal Procedure

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Fig. 28: Power Steering Gear, Power Steering Return Hose, Mounting Bolts &
Crossmember
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Remove the power steering return hose (2) from the power steering fluid reservoir.
2. Raise the vehicle on a hoist. Refer to Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle in General
Information.
3. Remove the power steering return hose (2) from the power steering gear (1).
4. Remove the power steering return hose mounting bolts (3) from the crossmember (4).
5. Remove the power steering return hose (2) from the vehicle.
Installation Procedure

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Fig. 29: Power Steering Gear, Power Steering Return Hose, Mounting Bolts &
Crossmember
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Install the power steering return hose (2) into the vehicle.

NOTE: Use the correct fastener in the correct location. Replacement

fasteners must be the correct part number for that application.
Fasteners requiring replacement or fasteners requiring the use
of thread locking compound or sealant are identified in the
service procedure. Do not use paints, lubricants, or corrosion
inhibitors on fasteners or fastener joint surfaces unless
specified. These coatings affect fastener torque and joint
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clamping force and may damage the fastener. Use the correct
tightening sequence and specifications when installing
fasteners in order to avoid damage to parts and systems.

2. Install the power steering return hose mounting bolts (3) to the crossmember (4).

Tighten: Tighten the bolts to 11 N.m (97 lb in).

3. Install the power steering return hose (2) to the power steering gear (1).

Tighten: Tighten the fitting to 27 N.m (20 lb ft).

4. Lower the vehicle.

5. Install the power steering return hose (2) to the power steering fluid reservoir.
6. Bleed the power steering system. Refer to Power Steering System Bleeding.

POWER STEERING GEAR REPLACEMENT

Tools Required

J 33432-A Leaf Spring Compressor. See Special Tools.

Removal Procedure

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Fig. 30: Identifying Power Steering Gear, Nuts & Bolts

Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle in General
Information.
2. Remove the tires and wheels. Refer to Tire and Wheel Removal and Installation in Tires
and Wheels.
3. Disconnect the tie rod ends from the steering knuckles. Refer to Rack and Pinion Outer
Tie Rod End Replacement.
4. Disconnect the intermediate shaft from the power steering gear. Refer to Intermediate
Steering Shaft Replacement in Steering Wheel and Column.
5. Remove the stabilizer shaft. Refer to Stabilizer Shaft Replacement in Front Suspension.
6. Remove the power steering pressure and return hoses from the power steering gear.
7. Remove the power steering line hold-downs from the crossmember.
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8. Remove the brake pressure modulator valve (BPMV) bracket. Refer to Brake Pressure
Modulator Valve Bracket Replacement in Antilock Brake System.
9. Remove the 2 front crossmember mounting nuts.
10. Using hand tools only, LOOSEN, Do Not Remove, the 2 rear crossmember mounting nuts
10 mm (0.394 in).
11. Disconnect the height sensor arm to the control arm.
12. Use a utility stand to support the front of the crossmember.
13. Using the J 33432-A , by compressing the coil spring, it will allow the crossmember to
lower enough to properly remove the gear. See Special Tools.
14. Remove the lower shock mounting bolts.
15. Remove the brake pipe bracket for the left front brake caliper from the crossmember.
16. Remove the plastic brake pipe hold-down for the right front brake pipe.
17. Remove the power steering gear mounting bolts (3) and nuts (2).
18. Maneuver the power steering gear around the brake lines (1) from the vehicle through the
left wheelhouse opening.
Installation Procedure

IMPORTANT: For Z06 applications, replace the crossmember-to-steering

gear insulators.

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Fig. 31: Identifying Power Steering Gear, Nuts & Bolts

Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.

1. Install the power steering gear (1) into the vehicle through the left wheelhouse opening.

NOTE: Refer to Fastener Notice in Cautions and Notices.

2. Install the power steering gear mounting bolts (3) and nuts (2).

Tighten: Tighten the nuts to 100 N.m (74 lb ft).

3. Install the lower shock mounting bolts. Refer to Shock Absorber Replacement (W/F55)
or Shock Absorber Replacement (w/o F55) in Front Suspension.
4. Raise the crossmember by the utility stand and remove J 33432-A . See Special Tools.
5. Install all of the crossmember mounting nuts.

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Tighten: Tighten the nuts, using hand tools only, to 110 N.m (81 lb ft).

6. Install the brake pipe bracket for the left front brake caliper to the crossmember.
7. Install the plastic brake pipe hold-down for the right front brake pipe.
8. Install the brake BPMV bracket. Refer to Brake Pressure Modulator Valve Bracket
Replacement in Antilock Brake System.
9. Install the power steering pressure hose to the power steering gear.

Tighten: Tighten the fittings to 27 N.m (20 lb ft).

10. Install the power steering return hose to the power steering gear.

Tighten: Tighten the fittings to 27 N.m (29 lb ft).

11. Install the power steering hold-downs to the crossmember.

12. Install the stabilizer shaft to the crossmember. Refer to Stabilizer Shaft Replacement in
Front Suspension.
13. Connect the intermediate shaft to the power steering gear. Refer to Intermediate Steering
Shaft Replacement in Steering Wheel and Column.
14. Connect the height sensor arm to the control arm.
15. Connect the tie rod ends to the steering knuckles. Refer to Rack and Pinion Outer Tie
Rod End Replacement.
16. Install the tires and wheels. Refer to Tire and Wheel Removal and Installation in Tires
and Wheels.
17. Lower the vehicle.
18. Bleed the power steering system. Refer to Power Steering System Bleeding.
19. Adjust the front wheel toe. Refer to Front Toe Adjustment in Wheel Alignment.

DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

POWER STEERING SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (W/O ELECTRO-HYDRA
HYDRAULIC STEERING)

The hydraulic power steering pump is a constant displacement vane-type pump that provides
hydraulic pressure and flow for the power steering gear. The hydraulic power steering pumps are
either belt-driven or direct-drive, cam-driven.

The power steering fluid reservoir holds the power steering fluid and may be integral with the
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power steering pump or remotely located. The following locations are typical locations for the
remote reservoir:

Mounted to the front of the dash panel

Mounted to the inner fender

Mounted to a bracket on the engine

The 2 basic types of power steering gears are listed below:

A recirculating ball system

A rack and pinion system

In the recirculating ball system, a worm gear converts steering wheel movement to movement of a
sector shaft. A pitman arm attached to the bottom of the sector shaft actually moves one tie rod
and an intermediate rod move the other tie rod.

In the rack and pinion system, the rack and the pinion are the 2 components that convert steering
wheel rotation to lateral movement. The steering shaft is attached to the pinion in the steering
gear. The pinion rotates with the steering wheel. Gear teeth on the pinion mesh with the gear
teeth on the rack. The rotating pinion moves the rack from side to side. The lateral action of the
rack pushes and pulls the tie rods in order to change the direction of the vehicle's front wheels.

The power steering pressure hose connects the power steering pump union fitting to the power
steering gear and allows pressurized power steering fluid to flow from the pump to the gear.

The power steering return hose returns fluid from the power steering gear back to the power
steering fluid reservoir. The power steering return line may contain an integral fin-type or line-
type power steering fluid cooler.

In a typical power steering system, a pump generates hydraulic pressure, causing fluid to flow, via
the pressure hose, to the steering gear valve assembly. The steering gear valve assembly regulates
the incoming fluid to the right and left chambers in order to assist in right and left turns.

Turning the steering wheel activates the valve assembly, which applies greater fluid pressure and
flow to 1 side of the steering gear piston, and lower pressure and flow to the other side of the
piston. The pressure assists the movement of the gear piston. Tie rods transfer this force to the
front wheels, which turn the vehicle right or left.

SPECIAL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

SPECIAL TOOLS
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Special Tools
Illustration Tool Number/ Description

J 22610
Keystone Clamp Pliers

J 25033-C
Pulley Installer

J 25034-C
Pulley Remover

J 33432-A
Leaf Spring Compressor

J 34028
Inner Tie Rod Wrench

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J 39570
Chassis Ear

J 421880
Ball Joint Separator

J 44721
Power Steering Analyzer

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