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RECORD OF REVISIONS

Date Updated By
Revision No. Subject
(DD‐MMM‐YYYY) (Department‐Division)

00 30 OCT 2024 Initial Issue PEL

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LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

Change and amendment bar is placed against each paragraph affected.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
RECORD OF REVISIONS ............................................................................................................... 3

LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES ........................................................................................................... 5

TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................. 7

INTRODUCTION AND APPLICABILITY ........................................................................................... 9

SUBPART GEN - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS................................................................................ 11

SECTION I – General ............................................................................................................................................ 11

ORA.GEN.105 Competent Authority .................................................................................................................. 11
ORA.GEN.110 Foreign Approved Training Organisation and Flight Simulation Training devices ...................... 11
ORA.GEN.115 Application for an organisation certificate ................................................................................. 12
ORA.GEN.120 Means of compliance.................................................................................................................. 12
ORA.GEN.125 Terms of approval and privileges of an organisation .................................................................. 13
ORA.GEN.130 Changes to organisations ............................................................................................................ 13
ORA.GEN.135 Continued validity ....................................................................................................................... 14
ORA.GEN.140 Access ......................................................................................................................................... 14
ORA.GEN.150 Findings ....................................................................................................................................... 14
ORA.GEN.155 Immediate reaction to a safety problem .................................................................................... 14
ORA.GEN.160 Occurrence reporting.................................................................................................................. 15

SECTION II - Management ................................................................................................................................... 16

ORA.GEN.200 Management system .................................................................................................................. 16
ORA.GEN.205 Contracted activities ................................................................................................................... 17
ORA.GEN.210 Personnel requirements ............................................................................................................. 17
ORA.GEN.215 Facility requirements .................................................................................................................. 18
ORA.GEN.220 Record-keeping ........................................................................................................................... 18

SUBPART ATO - APPROVED TRAINING ORGANISATIONS ............................................................ 19

SECTION I – General ............................................................................................................................................. 19

ORA.ATO.100 Scope........................................................................................................................................... 19
ORA.ATO.105 Application .................................................................................................................................. 19
ORA.ATO.110 Personnel requirements ............................................................................................................. 19
ORA.ATO.120 Record-keeping ........................................................................................................................... 20
ORA.ATO.125 Training programme ................................................................................................................... 20
ORA.ATO.130 Training manual and operations manual .................................................................................... 20
ORA.ATO.135 Training aircraft and FSTDs ......................................................................................................... 20
ORA.ATO.140 Aerodromes and operating sites................................................................................................. 21
ORA.ATO.145 Pre-requisites for training ........................................................................................................... 21
ORA.ATO.150 Training in third countries........................................................................................................... 21

SECTION II - Additional requirements for ATOs providing training for CPL, MPL and ATPL and the associated
ratings and certificates ........................................................................................................................................ 22
ORA.ATO.210 Personnel requirements ............................................................................................................. 22
ORA.ATO.225 Training programme.................................................................................................................... 22
ORA.ATO.230 Training manual and operations manual .................................................................................... 22

SECTION III - Additional requirements for ATOs providing specific types of training............................................ 23
Chapter 1 - Distance Learning Course .................................................................................................................... 23

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ORA.ATO.300 General ....................................................................................................................................... 23

ORA.ATO.305 Classroom instruction ................................................................................................................. 23
ORA.ATO.310 Instructors ................................................................................................................................... 23
Chapter 2 - Zero Flight-Time Training ..................................................................................................................... 24
ORA.ATO.330 General ....................................................................................................................................... 24
ORA.ATO.335 Full flight simulator ..................................................................................................................... 24
Chapter 3 - Multi-crew pilot licence (MPL) courses ............................................................................................... 25
ORA.ATO.350 General ....................................................................................................................................... 25

SUBPART FSTD - REQUIREMENTS FOR ORGANISATIONS OPERATING FLIGHT SIMULATION

TRAINING DEVICES (FSTDS) AND THE QUALIFICATION OF FSTDS ................................................ 26

SECTION I - Requirements for organisations operating FSTDs .............................................................................. 26

ORA.FSTD.100 General ...................................................................................................................................... 26
ORA.FSTD.105 Maintaining the FSTD qualification ............................................................................................ 26
ORA.FSTD.110 Modifications ............................................................................................................................. 26
ORA.FSTD.115 Installations ............................................................................................................................... 27
ORA.FSTD.120 Additional equipment ................................................................................................................ 27

SECTION II - Requirements for the qualification of FSTDs .................................................................................... 28

ORA.FSTD.200 Application for FSTD qualification ............................................................................................. 28
ORA.FSTD.205 Certification specifications for FSTDs......................................................................................... 28
ORA.FSTD.210 Qualification basis...................................................................................................................... 28
ORA.FSTD.225 Duration and continued validity ................................................................................................ 28
ORA.FSTD.230 Changes to the qualified FSTD ................................................................................................... 29
ORA.FSTD.235 Transferability of an FSTD qualification ..................................................................................... 30
ORA.FSTD.240 Record-keeping .......................................................................................................................... 30

SUBPART AEMC - AERO-MEDICAL CENTRES ............................................................................... 31

SECTION I – General ....................................................................................................................................... 31

ORA.AEMC.105 SCOPE .............................................................................................................. 31

ORA.AEMC.115 APPLICATION ................................................................................................... 31

ORA.AEMC.135 CONTINUED VALIDITY ...................................................................................... 31

SECTION II – Management ............................................................................................................................. 32

ORA.AEMC.200 MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ................................................................................... 32

ORA.AEMC.210 PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................ 32

ORA.AEMC.215 FACILITY REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................. 32

ORA.AEMC.220 RECORD-KEEPING ............................................................................................ 32

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INTRODUCTION AND APPLICABILITY

In this publication the word ‘must’ or ‘shall’ is used to indicate where the Director General requires the
Organisation, owner or operator to respond to and comply with, or adhere closely to, the defined
requirement.
If the Organisation’s/owner’s/operator’s response is deemed to be inadequate by the Director General,
a specific requirement or restriction may be applied as a condition of the appropriate instrument to be
issued under Thailand Civil Aviation Regulations.
This TCAR PEL Part ORA is broadly based upon or derived from European Union Aircrew Regulation (EU)
1178/2011 up to and including (EU) 2019/1747 signed on 15th of October 2019.

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SUBPART GEN - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

SECTION I – General
ORA.GEN.105 Competent Authority
For the purpose of this Part, the competent authority shall be:
(1) For organisations subject to a certification obligation located within or outside the Kingdom of
Thailand, the CAAT;
(2) For FSTDs used for training and/or checking of Thai license holders to demonstrate compliance
with TCAR PEL Part FCL and TCAR OPS Part ORO, the CAAT.
When the FSTD located outside the Kingdom of Thailand is operated by an organisation certified
by the CAAT, the CAAT shall qualify this FSTD.
When an FSTD located outside of the Kingdom of Thailand is qualified/certified by an authority that
is considered as acceptable to the CAAT and according to regulations and specifications that are
not lower than Thai regulations; the CAAT may consider to accept such FSTDs.
The CAAT publishes on its website, the list of regulations and specifications that are considered as
not lower than Thai regulations related to ATOs, FSTD operators and FSTDs.

ORA.GEN.110 Foreign Approved Training Organisation and Flight Simulation

Training devices
An ATO having its principle place of business located outside of the Kingdom of Thailand shall obtain
an approval by the CAAT:
(1) Through a simplified certification process when the applicant meets the following conditions:
(i) The applicant holds a valid ATO certificate granted according to standards that are
considered by the CAAT as similar to TCAR PEL Part ORA and Part FCL requirements;
(ii) The applicant was approved by a Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) that is considered
as acceptable by the CAAT and the requested scope of work is part of the scope of
work already approved by the foreign CAA;
(2) Through a full certification process when the applicant does not comply with conditions set
in (a)1.
An FSTD located outside of the Kingdom of Thailand shall be qualified by the CAAT:
(1) Through a simplified qualification process when the FSTD meets the following conditions:
(i) The FSTD holds a valid qualification certificate granted according to standards that
are considered by the CAAT as similar to TCAR PEL Part ORA subpart FSTD
requirements and using acceptable Certification specifications;
(ii) The FSTD was approved by a Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) that is considered as
acceptable by the CAAT in PEL domain.
(2) Through a full qualification process when the applicant does not comply with conditions set
in (b)1.
The choice of the process mentioned in (a) 2. and (b) 2. remains at the discretion of the CAAT,
depending on the existing certification status of an organisation or qualification status of an FSTD.

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The list of standards considered as similar to TCAR PEL Part ORA and Part FCL as well as the list of
the CAAs considered as acceptable by the CAAT for PEL domain are available upon request to the
CAAT.
When the ATO scope of work was approved by the CAAT using the provisions of (a)1, the scope of
work approved by the CAAT can only be extended if the extension requested is already included in
the scope of approval granted by the foreign CAA

ORA.GEN.115 Application for an organisation certificate

The application for an organisation certificate or an amendment to an existing certificate shall be
made in a form and manner established by the CAAT, taking into account The Air Navigation Act
B.E 2497 and associated regulations.
Applicants for an initial certificate shall provide the CAAT with documentation demonstrating how
they will comply with the requirements established in the Air Navigation Act B.E 2497 and its
associated regulations. Such documentation shall include a procedure describing how changes not
requiring prior approval will be managed and notified to the CAAT.

ORA.GEN.120 Means of compliance

(a) Purpose
With a view to ensuring uniformity in the application of common requirements, it is essential that
common standards be applied. Consequently, the CAAT, when necessary and practicable, will
develop Acceptable Means of Compliance and Guidance Material to TCAR PEL Part ORA and Part
FCL to facilitate the necessary regulatory uniformity. These AMCs may be used to demonstrate
compliance with the provisions of TCAR PEL Part ORA and Part FCL.
(b) Definitions
Acceptable means of compliance (AMC) are non-binding standards adopted by the CAAT to
illustrate means to establish compliance with requirements of the Regulation.
Alternative means of compliance (AMoC) are those means that propose an alternative to an
existing AMC or those that propose new means to establish compliance with requirements of the
Regulation for which no associated AMC have been adopted by the CAAT.
(c) Acceptable Means of Compliance
The AMCs to TCAR PEL Part ORA and Part FCL issued by the CAAT shall neither introduce new
requirements nor alleviate the requirements of TCAR PEL Part ORA and Part FCL.
Each AMC shall identify clearly the provisions of the TCAR PEL Part ORA and Part FCL it illustrates.
When the acceptable means of compliance to TCAR PEL Part ORA and Part FCL issued by the CAAT
are used, the related requirements of the TCAR PEL Part ORA and Part FCL shall be considered met
without further demonstration.
(d) Alternative means of compliance
Alternative means of compliance (AMoC) to those published by the CAAT may be used by an
organisation to establish compliance with the requirements of TCAR PEL Part ORA and Part FCL.
When an organisation, wishes to use an AMoC to the AMCs to TCAR PEL Part ORA and Part FCL, it
shall, prior to implementing it, provide the CAAT with a full description of the proposed AMoC.
The description shall include any revisions to manuals or procedures that may be relevant, as well
as an assessment demonstrating that the corresponding requirement of the TCAR PEL Part ORA
and Part FCL is met.

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The organisation may implement these AMoCs subject to prior formal approval by the CAAT and
upon receipt of the notification of approval.
(e) Approval of AMCs and AMoC.
CAAT PEL department shall be responsible for developing, approving and publishing AMCs to TCAR
PEL Part ORA and Part FCL.
CAAT PEL department shall be responsible for assessing AMoCs and, when the assessment is
satisfactory, for approving AMoCs to TCAR PEL Part ORA and Part FCL submitted by the
organisations.
CAAT PEL department shall publish any newly approved AMCs.

ORA.GEN.125 Terms of approval and privileges of an organisation

A certified organisation shall comply with the scope and privileges defined in the terms of approval
attached to the organisation’s certificate.

ORA.GEN.130 Changes to organisations

Any change affecting:
(1) the scope of the certificate or the terms of approval of an organisation; or
(2) any of the elements of the organisation’s management system as required in ORA.GEN.200(a)
(1) (i) and (a) (1) (ii), shall require prior approval by the CAAT.
For any changes requiring prior approval in accordance with the Air Navigation Act B.E 2497 and its
associated regulations, the organisation shall apply for and obtain an approval issued by the CAAT.
The application shall be submitted before any such change takes place, in order to enable the CAAT
to determine continued compliance with the Air Navigation Act B.E 2497 and associated
Regulations and to amend, if necessary, the organisation certificate and related terms of approval
attached to it.
The organisation shall provide the CAAT with any relevant documentation.
The change shall only be implemented upon receipt of formal approval by the CAAT.
The organisation shall operate under the conditions prescribed by the CAAT during such changes,
as applicable.
All changes not requiring prior approval shall be managed and notified to the CAAT

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ORA.GEN.135 Continued validity

The organisation’s certificate shall be issued for a duration not exceeding 3 years and shall remain
valid subject to:
(1) the organisation remaining in compliance with the relevant requirements of the Air Navigation
Act B.E 2497 and its associated regulations, taking into account the provisions related to the
management of non-compliance findings as specified under ORA.GEN.150;
(2) the CAAT being granted access to the organisation as defined in ORA.GEN.140 to determine
continued compliance with the relevant requirements of the Air Navigation Act B.E 2497 and
its associated regulations; and
(3) the certificate not being surrendered, revoked or expired.
Upon revocation or surrender the certificate shall be returned to the CAAT without delay.

ORA.GEN.140 Access
For the purpose of determining compliance with the relevant requirements of the Air Navigation Act B.E
2497 and its associated regulations, the organisation shall grant access to any facility, aircraft, document,
records, data, procedures or any other material relevant to its activity subject to certification, whether it
is contracted or not, to any person authorised by the CAAT.

ORA.GEN.150 Findings
Level of findings
A level 1 finding shall be issued by the CAAT when any significant non-compliance is detected with the
applicable requirements, with the organisation’s procedures and manuals or with the terms of an
approval, or certificate which lowers safety or seriously endangers flight safety.
A level 2 finding shall be issued by the CAAT when any non-compliance is detected with the applicable
requirement, with the organisation’s procedures and manuals or with the terms of an approval, or
certificate which could lower safety or seriously hazards flight safety
An observation is opportunity for improvement which is minor gap, mostly documented and
implemented. The management system that may be weak, cumbersome, redundant, overly complex, or
in some other manner, may, in the opinion of the auditor, offer an opportunity for an organisation to
improve its current status. An observation is not subject to any corrective actions unless it is accepted by
auditee for improvement.
After receipt of notification of findings, the organisation shall:
(1) identify the root cause of the non-compliance;
(2) define a corrective action plan;
(3) demonstrate corrective action implementation to the satisfaction of the CAAT.
The actions referred to in points (b)1, (b)2 and (b)3 shall be performed within the period agreed
with the CAAT.

ORA.GEN.155 Immediate reaction to a safety problem

The organisation shall implement:
any safety measures mandated by the CAAT; and
any relevant mandatory safety information issued by the CAAT, including airworthiness directives.

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ORA.GEN.160 Occurrence reporting

The organisation shall report to the CAAT, and to any other organisation required by the State of
the operator to be informed, any accident, serious incident and occurrence as defined in Section
7 of the Air Navigation Act B.E.2497 and Kingdom of Thailand Civil Aviation Regulations, including
the Kingdom of Thailand Civil Aviation Occurrence Reporting Regulation.
Without prejudice to paragraph (a) the organisation shall report to the CAAT and to the
organisation responsible for the design of the aircraft any incident, malfunction, technical defect,
exceeding of technical limitations and any occurrence that would highlight inaccurate, incomplete
or ambiguous information contained in the operational suitability data established in accordance
with EASA Part 21 or any equivalent material acceptable to the CAAT or other irregular
circumstance that has or may have endangered the safe operation of the aircraft and that has not
resulted in an accident or serious incident.
Without prejudice to the CAAT Occurrence Reporting Regulation, the reports referred in
paragraphs (a) and (b) shall be made in a form and manner established by the CAAT and contain all
pertinent information about the condition known to the organisation.
Reports shall be made as soon as practicable, but in any case, within 72 hours of the organisation
identifying the condition to which the report relates, unless exceptional circumstances prevent this.
If the occurrence is categorised as an accident or serious incident, the Operator shall notify the
CAAT immediately and submit initial report within 24 hours.
Where relevant, the organisation shall produce a follow-up report to provide details of actions it
intends to take to prevent similar occurrences in the future, as soon as these actions have been
identified. This report shall be produced in a form and manner established by the CAAT.

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SECTION II - Management
ORA.GEN.200 Management system
The organisation shall establish, implement and maintain an effective management system that
includes:
(1) A safety Management system.
This safety Management system shall include:
(i) clearly defined lines of responsibility and accountability throughout the organisation,
including a direct safety accountability of the accountable manager;
(ii) a description of the overall philosophies and principles of the organisation with regard to
safety, referred to as the safety policy;
(iii) the identification of aviation safety hazards entailed by the activities of the organisation,
their evaluation and the management of associated risks, including taking actions to
mitigate the risk and verify their effectiveness;
This shall include, as part of safety risk management and safety assurance:
― Hazard identification processes
― Risk assessment and mitigation processes
― Internal safety investigation
― Safety performance monitoring and measurement
― The management of change
― Continuous improvement
― A process or plan to manage an emergency situation, implement immediate safety
actions, while ensuring safe continued operation in coordination with other
organisations.
(iv) maintaining personnel trained and competent to perform their tasks;
(v) documentation of all safety management system key processes, including a process for
making personnel aware of their responsibilities and the procedure for amending this
documentation;
(2) a compliance monitoring system which has the function to monitor compliance of the
organisation with the relevant requirements. Compliance monitoring key processes shall be
documented and shall include a feedback system of findings to the accountable manager to
ensure effective implementation of corrective actions as necessary; and
(3) any additional requirements that are prescribed in the relevant TCARs or other applicable
regulations.
The management system shall correspond to the size of the organisation and the nature and
complexity of its activities, taking into account the hazards and associated risks inherent in these
activities.
Notwithstanding point (a) (1) (iii); for non-complex organisations safety risk management and
safety assurance shall include at least:
― The use of Hazard checklists or similar risk management processes integrated into
the activities of the organisation;

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― The management of change;

― A process or plan to manage an emergency situation, implement immediate safety
actions, while ensuring safe continued operation in coordination with other
organisations.
Notwithstanding point (a), in an organisation providing training only for the LAPL, PPL, GPL or BPL
and the associated ratings or certificates, safety risk management and compliance monitoring
defined in points (a)(1) (iii) and (a)(2) may be accomplished by an organisational review, to be
performed at least once every calendar year. The CAAT shall be notified about the results of this
review by the organisation without undue delay.
Notwithstanding (a) (1), organisations providing only theoretical knowledge instruction shall not
be required to have a safety management system.
However, such organisations shall:
― have clearly defined lines of responsibility and accountability throughout the
organisation
― maintain personnel trained and competent to perform their tasks;
― prevent negative transfer of training.

ORA.GEN.205 Contracted activities

Contracted activities include all activities within the organisation’s scope of approval that are
performed by another organisation either itself certified to carry out such activity or if not certified,
working under the contracting organisation’s approval. The organisation shall ensure that when
contracting or purchasing any part of its activity, the contracted or purchased service or product
conforms to the applicable requirements.
When the certified organisation contracts any part of its activity to an organisation that is not itself
certified in accordance with this Part to carry out such activity, the contracted organisation shall
work under the approval of the contracting organisation. The contracting organisation shall ensure
that the CAAT is given access to the contracted organisation, to determine continued compliance
with the applicable requirements.

ORA.GEN.210 Personnel requirements

The organisation shall appoint an accountable manager, who has the authority for ensuring that
all activities can be financed and carried out in accordance with the applicable requirements. The
accountable manager shall be responsible for establishing and maintaining an effective
management system.
A person or group of persons shall be nominated by the organisation, with the responsibility of
ensuring that the organisation remains in compliance with the applicable requirements. Such
person(s) shall be ultimately responsible to the accountable manager.
The organisation shall have sufficient qualified personnel for the planned tasks and activities to be
performed in accordance with the applicable requirements.
The organisation shall maintain appropriate experience, qualification and training records to show
compliance with paragraph (c).
The organisation shall ensure that all personnel are aware of the rules and procedures relevant to
the exercise of their duties.

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ORA.GEN.215 Facility requirements

The organisation shall have facilities allowing the performance and management of all planned tasks and
activities in accordance with the applicable requirements.

ORA.GEN.220 Record-keeping
The organisation shall establish a system of record–keeping that allows adequate storage and
reliable traceability of all activities developed, covering in particular all the elements indicated in
ORA.GEN.200.
The format of the records shall be specified in the organisation’s procedures.
Records shall be stored in a manner that ensures protection from damage, alteration and theft.

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SUBPART ATO - APPROVED TRAINING ORGANISATIONS

SECTION I – General
ORA.ATO.100 Scope
This Subpart establishes the requirements to be met by organisations providing training for pilot licences
and associated ratings and certificates.

ORA.ATO.105 Application
Applicants for the issue of a certificate as an approved training organisation (ATO) shall provide
the CAAT with:
(1) the following information:
(i) name and address of the training organisation;
(ii) date of intended commencement of activity;
(iii) personal details and qualifications of the head of training (HT), the flight
instructor(s), flight simulation training instructors and the theoretical knowledge
instructor(s);
(iv) name(s) and address(es) of the aerodromes(s) and/or operating site(s) at which the
training is to be conducted;
(v) list of aircraft to be operated for training, including their group, class or type,
registration, owners and category of the certificate of airworthiness, if applicable
(vi) list of flight simulation training devices (FSTDs) that the training organisation
intends to use, if applicable;
(vii) The type of training that the training organisation wishes to provide and the
corresponding training programme;
(viii) Five years business plan; and
(2) the operations and training manuals.
In the case of a change to the certificate, applicants shall provide the CAAT with the relevant parts
of the information and documentation referred to in (a).

ORA.ATO.110 Personnel requirements

An HT shall be nominated. The HT shall have extensive experience as an instructor in the areas
relevant for the training provided by the ATO and shall possess sound managerial capability.
The HT’s responsibilities shall include:
(1) ensuring that the training provided is in compliance with Part-FCL;
(2) ensuring the satisfactory integration of flight training in an aircraft or a flight simulation
training device (FSTD) and theoretical knowledge instruction; and
(3) supervising the progress of individual students.
Theoretical knowledge instructors shall have:
(1) practical background in aviation in the areas relevant for the training provided and have
undergone a course of training in instructional techniques; or

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(2) previous experience in giving theoretical knowledge instruction and an appropriate theoretical
background in the subject on which they will provide theoretical knowledge instruction.
Flight instructors and flight simulation training instructors shall hold the qualifications required by
Part- FCL for the type of training that they are providing.

ORA.ATO.120 Record-keeping
The following records shall be kept for a period of at least 5 years after the completion of the training:
details of ground, flight, and simulated flight training given to individual students;
detailed and regular progress reports from instructors including assessments, and regular progress
flight tests and ground examinations; and
information on the licences and associated ratings and certificates of the students, including the
expiry dates of medical certificates and ratings.

ORA.ATO.125 Training programme

A training programme shall be developed for each type of course offered.
The training programme shall comply with the requirements of Part-FCL.

ORA.ATO.130 Training manual and operations manual

The ATO shall establish and maintain a training manual and operations manual containing
information and instructions to enable personnel to perform their duties and to give guidance to
students on how to comply with course requirements.
The ATO shall make available to staff and, where appropriate, to students the information
contained in the training manual, the operations manual and the ATO’s approval documentation.
The operations manual shall establish flight time limitation schemes for flight instructors, including
the maximum flying hours, maximum flying duty hours and minimum rest time between
instructional duties.

ORA.ATO.135 Training aircraft and FSTDs

The ATO shall use an adequate fleet of training aircraft or FSTDs appropriately equipped for the
training courses provided.
The ATO shall only provide training in FSTDs when it demonstrates to the CAAT:
(1) the adequacy between the FSTD specifications and the related training programme;
(2) that the FSTDs used comply with the relevant requirements of TCAR PEL Part FCL;
(3) in the case of full flight simulators (FFSs), that the FFS adequately represents the relevant type
of aircraft; and
(4) that it has put in place a system to adequately monitor changes to the FSTD and to ensure that
those changes do not affect the adequacy of the training programme.
If the aircraft used for the skill test is of a different type to the FFS used for the visual flight training,
the maximum credit shall be limited to that allocated for flight and navigation procedures trainer
II (FNPT II) for aeroplanes and FNPT II/III for helicopters in the relevant flight training programme.

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ORA.ATO.140 Aerodromes and operating sites

When providing flight training on an aircraft, the ATO shall use aerodromes or operating sites that have
the appropriate facilities and characteristics to allow training of the manoeuvres relevant, taking into
account the training provided and the category and type of aircraft used.

ORA.ATO.145 Pre-requisites for training

The ATO shall ensure that the students meet all the pre-requisites for training established in applicable
Medical regulations, in TCAR PEL Part FCL, and, if applicable, as defined in mandatory parts of operational
suitability data established in accordance with EASA Part 21 or equivalent material established in
accordance with Type certification regulations acceptable to the CAAT.

ORA.ATO.150 Training in third countries

When the ATO is approved to provide training for the instrument rating (IR) in third countries:
the training programme shall include acclimatisation flying in the Kingdom of Thailand before the
IR skill test is taken; and
the IR skill test shall be taken in the Kingdom of Thailand.

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SECTION II - Additional requirements for ATOs providing training for

CPL, MPL and ATPL and the associated ratings and certificates
ORA.ATO.210 Personnel requirements
Head of training (HT). The nominated HT shall have extensive experience in training as an instructor
for professional pilot licences and associated ratings or certificates.
Chief flight instructor (CFI). The ATO providing flight instruction shall nominate a CFI who shall be
responsible for the supervision of flight and flight simulation training instructors and for the
standardisation of all flight instruction and flight simulation instruction. The CFI shall hold the
highest professional pilot licence and associated ratings related to the flight training courses
conducted and hold an instructor certificate with the privilege to instruct for at least one of the
training courses provided.
Chief theoretical knowledge instructor (CTKI). The ATO providing theoretical knowledge instruction
shall nominate a CTKI who shall be responsible for the supervision of all theoretical knowledge
instructors and for the standardisation of all theoretical knowledge instruction. The CTKI shall have
extensive experience as a theoretical knowledge instructor in the areas relevant for the training
provided by the ATO.

ORA.ATO.225 Training programme

The training programme shall include a breakdown of flight and theoretical knowledge instruction,
presented in a week-by-week or phase layout, a list of standard exercises and a syllabus summary.
The content and sequence of the training programme shall be specified in the training manual.

ORA.ATO.230 Training manual and operations manual

The training manual shall state the standards, objectives and training goals for each phase of
training that the students are required to comply with and shall address the following subjects:
― training plan,
― briefing and air exercises,
― flight training in an FSTD, if applicable,
― theoretical knowledge instruction.
The operations manual shall provide relevant information to particular groups of personnel, as
flight instructors, flight simulation training instructors, theoretical knowledge instructors,
operations and maintenance personnel, and shall include general, technical, route and staff
training information.

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SECTION III - Additional requirements for ATOs providing specific

types of training
Chapter 1 - Distance Learning Course
ORA.ATO.300 General
The ATO may be approved to conduct modular course programmes using distance learning in the
following cases:
modular courses of theoretical knowledge instruction;
courses of additional theoretical knowledge for a class or type rating; or
courses of approved pre-entry theoretical knowledge instruction for a first type rating for a multi-
engine helicopter.

ORA.ATO.305 Classroom instruction

An element of classroom instruction shall be included in all subjects of modular distance learning
courses.
The amount of time spent in actual classroom instruction shall not be less than 10 % of the total
duration of the course.
To this effect, classroom accommodation shall be available either at the principal place of business
of the ATO or within a suitable facility elsewhere.

ORA.ATO.310 Instructors
All instructors shall be fully familiar with the requirements of the distance learning course programme.

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Chapter 2 - Zero Flight-Time Training

ORA.ATO.330 General
Approval for zero flight-time training (ZFTT), as specified in Part-FCL, shall only be given to ATOs
that also have the privileges to conduct commercial air transport operations or ATOs having specific
arrangements with commercial air transport operators.
Approval for ZFTT shall only be given if the operator has at least 90 days of operational experience
on the aeroplane type.
In the case of ZFTT provided by an ATO having a specific arrangement with an operator, the 90 days
of operational experience requirements will not apply if the type rating instructor (TRI(A)) involved
in the additional take-offs and landings, as required in Part-ORO, has operational experience on
the aeroplane type.

ORA.ATO.335 Full flight simulator

The FFS approved for ZFTT shall be serviceable according to the management system criteria of the
ATO.
The motion and the visual system of the FFS shall be fully serviceable, in accordance with the
applicable certification specifications for FSTD as mentioned in ORA.FSTD.205.

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Chapter 3 - Multi-crew pilot licence (MPL) courses

ORA.ATO.350 General
The privileges to conduct MPL integrated training courses and MPL instructor courses shall only be given
to ATOs that also have the privilege to conduct commercial air transport operations or ATOs having
specific arrangements with commercial air transport operators.

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SUBPART FSTD - REQUIREMENTS FOR ORGANISATIONS

OPERATING FLIGHT SIMULATION TRAINING DEVICES
(FSTDs) AND THE QUALIFICATION OF FSTDs
SECTION I - Requirements for organisations operating FSTDs
ORA.FSTD.100 General
The applicant for an FSTD qualification certificate shall demonstrate to the CAAT that it has
established a management system in accordance with ORA.GEN Section II. This demonstration shall
ensure that the applicant has, directly or through contract, the capability to maintain the
performance, functions and other characteristics specified for the FSTD’s qualification level and to
control the installation of the FSTD.
If the applicant is the holder of a qualification certificate issued in accordance with this Part, the
FSTD specifications shall be detailed:
(1) in the terms of the ATO certificate; or
(2) in the case of an AOC holder, in the training manual.

ORA.FSTD.105 Maintaining the FSTD qualification

In order to maintain the qualification of the FSTD, an FSTD qualification certificate holder shall run
the complete set of tests contained within the master qualification test guide (MQTG) and
functions and subjective tests progressively over a 12-month period.
The results shall be dated, marked as analysed and evaluated, and retained in accordance with
ORA.FSTD.240, in order to demonstrate that the FSTD standards are being maintained.
A configuration control system shall be established to ensure the continued integrity of the
hardware and software of the qualified FSTD.

ORA.FSTD.110 Modifications
The holder of an FSTD qualification certificate shall establish and maintain a system to identify,
assess and incorporate any important modifications into the FSTDs it operates, especially:
any aircraft modifications that are essential for training, testing and checking, whether
or not enforced by an airworthiness directive; and
any modification of an FSTD, including motion and visual systems, when essential for
training, testing and checking, as in the case of data revisions.
Modifications of the FSTD hardware and software that affect handling, performance and systems
operation or any major modifications of the motion or visual system shall be evaluated to
determine the impact on the original qualification criteria. The organisation shall prepare
amendments for any affected validation tests. The organisation shall test the FSTD to the new
criteria.
The organisation shall inform the CAAT in advance of any major changes to determine if the tests
carried out are satisfactory. The CAAT shall determine if a special evaluation of the FSTD is
necessary prior to returning it to training following the modification.

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ORA.FSTD.115 Installations
The holder of an FSTD qualification certificate shall ensure that:
(1) the FSTD is housed in a suitable environment that supports safe and reliable operation;
(2) all FSTD occupants and maintenance personnel are briefed on FSTD safety to ensure that they
are aware of all safety equipment and procedures in the FSTD in case of an emergency; and
(3) the FSTD and its installations comply with the local regulations for health and safety.
The FSTD safety features, such as emergency stops and emergency lighting, shall be checked at
least annually and recorded.

ORA.FSTD.120 Additional equipment

Where additional equipment has been added to the FSTD, even though not required for qualification, it
shall be assessed by the CAAT to ensure that it does not adversely affect the quality of training.

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SECTION II - Requirements for the qualification of FSTDs

ORA.FSTD.200 Application for FSTD qualification
The application for an FSTD qualification certificate shall be made in a form and manner established
by the CAAT:
(1) in the case of basic instrument training devices (BITDs), by the BITD manufacturer;
(2) in all other cases, by the organisation intending to operate the FSTD.
Applicants for an initial qualification shall provide the CAAT with documentation demonstrating
how they will comply with the requirements established in this Regulation. Such documentation
shall include the procedure established to ensure compliance with ORA.GEN.130 and
ORA.FSTD.230.

ORA.FSTD.205 Certification specifications for FSTDs

The CAAT shall adopt the Certification Specifications for FSTDs issued by EASA or equivalent material
acceptable to the CAAT. Such Certification Specifications shall be sufficiently detailed and specific
to indicate to applicants the conditions under which qualifications will be issued.

ORA.FSTD.210 Qualification basis

The qualification basis for the issuance of an FSTD qualification certificate shall consist of:
(1) the applicable Certification Specifications adopted by the CAAT that are effective on the date
of the application for the initial qualification;
(2) the aircraft validation data defined by the mandatory part of the operational suitability data
established in accordance with EASA Part 21 or any equivalent material acceptable to the
CAAT, if applicable; and
(3) any special conditions prescribed by the CAAT if the related Certification Specifications do not
contain adequate or appropriate standards for the FSTD because the FSTD has novel or
different features to those upon which the applicable Certification Specifications are based.
The qualification basis shall be applicable for future recurrent qualifications of the FSTD, unless it
is re-categorised.

ORA.FSTD.225 Duration and continued validity

The full flight simulator (FFS), flight training device (FTD) or flight and navigation procedures trainer
(FNPT) qualification certificate shall be issued for a duration not exceeding one year.
The Basic Instrument Training Device (BITD) qualification certificate shall be issued for a duration
not exceeding three years
These qualification certificates shall remain valid subject to:
(1) the FSTD and the operating organisation remaining in compliance with the applicable
requirements;
(2) the CAAT being granted access to the organisation as defined in ORA.GEN.140 to determine
continued compliance with the relevant requirements of the Air Navigation Act B.E 2497 and
its associated regulations; and
(3) the qualification certificate not being surrendered or revoked.

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The validity period of 12 months established by the CAAT for FFS, FTD and FNPT may be extended
up to a maximum of 36 months, in the following circumstances:
(1) the FSTD has been subject to an initial and at least one recurrent evaluation that has
established its compliance with the qualification basis;
(2) the FSTD qualification certificate holder has a satisfactory record of successful regulatory FSTD
evaluations during the previous 36 months;
(3) the CAAT performs a formal audit of the compliance monitoring system defined in
ORA.GEN.200(a)(2) of the organisation every 12 months; and
(4) an assigned person of the organisation with adequate experience reviews the regular reruns
of the qualification test guide (QTG) and conducts the relevant functions and subjective tests
every 12 months and sends a report of the results to the CAAT.
A BITD qualification shall remain valid subject to regular evaluation for compliance with the
applicable qualification basis by the CAAT.
Upon surrender or revocation, the FSTD qualification certificate shall be returned to the CAAT

ORA.FSTD.230 Changes to the qualified FSTD

The holder of an FSTD qualification certificate shall inform the CAAT of any proposed changes to
the FSTD, such as:
(1) major modifications;
(2) relocation of the FSTD; and
(3) any de-activation of the FSTD.
In case of an upgrade of the FSTD qualification level, the organisation shall apply to the CAAT for
an upgrade evaluation. The organisation shall run all validation tests for the requested qualification
level. Results from previous evaluations shall not be used to validate FSTD performance for the
current upgrade.
When an FSTD is moved to a new location, the organisation shall inform the CAAT before the
planned activity along with a schedule of related events.
Prior to returning the FSTD to service at the new location, the organisation shall perform at least
one third of the validation tests, and functions and subjective tests to ensure that the FSTD
performance meets its original qualification standard. A copy of the test documentation shall be
retained together with the FSTD records for review by the CAAT.
The CAAT may perform an evaluation of the FSTD after relocation. The evaluation shall be in
accordance with the original qualification basis of the FSTD.
If an organisation plans to remove an FSTD from active status for prolonged periods, the CAAT shall
be notified and suitable controls established for the period during which the FSTD is inactive.
The organisation shall agree with the CAAT a plan for the de-activation, any storage and
reactivation to ensure that the FSTD can be restored to active status at its original qualification
level.

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ORA.FSTD.235 Transferability of an FSTD qualification

When there is a change of the organisation operating an FSTD, the new organisation shall inform
the CAAT in advance in order to agree upon a plan of transfer of the FSTD.
The CAAT may perform an evaluation in accordance with the original qualification basis of the
FSTD.
When the FSTD no longer complies with its initial qualification basis, the organisation shall apply
for a new FSTD qualification certificate.

ORA.FSTD.240 Record-keeping
The holder of an FSTD qualification certificate shall keep records of:
all documents describing and proving the initial qualification basis and level of the FSTD for the
duration of the FSTD’s lifetime; and
any recurrent documents and reports related to each FSTD and to compliance monitoring activities
for a period of at least 5 years.

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SUBPART AeMC - AERO-MEDICAL CENTRES

SECTION I – General
(Reserved)

ORA.AeMC.105 Scope
This Subpart establishes the additional requirements to be met by an organisation to qualify for the issue
or continuation of an approval as an aero-medical centre (AeMC) to issue medical certificates, including
initial class 1 medical certificates.

ORA.AeMC.115 Application
Applicants for an AeMC certificate shall:
comply with MED.D.005; and
in addition to the documentation for the approval of an organisation required in ORA.GEN.115,
provide details of clinical attachments to or liaison with designated hospitals or medical institutes
for the purpose of specialist medical examinations.

ORA.AeMC.135 Continued validity

The AeMC certificate shall be issued for an unlimited duration. It shall remain valid subject to the holder
and the aero-medical examiners of the organisation:
complying with MED.D.030; and
ensuring their continued experience by performing an adequate number of class 1 medical
examinations every year.

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SECTION II – Management
(Reserved)

ORA.AeMC.200 Management system

The AeMC shall establish and maintain a management system that includes the items addressed in
ORA.GEN.200 and, in addition, processes:
for medical certification in compliance with Part-MED; and
to ensure medical confidentiality at all times.

ORA.AeMC.210 Personnel requirements

The AeMC shall:
(1) have an aero-medical examiner (AME) nominated as head of the AeMC, with privileges to issue
class 1 medical certificates and sufficient experience in aviation medicine to exercise his/her
duties; and
(2) have on staff an adequate number of fully qualified AMEs and other technical staff and
experts.
The head of the AeMC shall be responsible for coordinating the assessment of examination results
and signing reports, certificates, and initial class 1 medical certificates.

ORA.AeMC.215 Facility requirements

The AeMC shall be equipped with medico-technical facilities adequate to perform aero-medical
examinations necessary for the exercise of the privileges included in the scope of the approval.

ORA.AeMC.220 Record-keeping
In addition to the records required in ORA.GEN.220, the AeMC shall:
maintain records with details of medical examinations and assessments performed for the issue,
revalidation or renewal of medical certificates and their results, for a minimum period of 10 years
after the last examination date; and
keep all medical records in a way that ensures that medical confidentiality is respected at all times.

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