DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (UGCA1922)
PROJECT REPORT
Submitted to Punjab Technical University,
Jalandhar
In partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Computer
Applications
(Batch 2023-2026)
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:
Ms ANKITA GUPTA SHAINA CHANANA
BCA2023C
2322215
PUNJAB COLLEGE OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, LUDHIANA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SR. NO TITLE
1 INTRODUCTION
2 ER DIAGRAM
3 ADVANTAGES
4 DISADVANTAGES
5 CONCLUSION
6 REFERENCE
Introduction
The Ration Distribution System is an essential framework designed to efficiently manage and distribute
essential goods (like food grains, cooking oil, etc.) to citizens under a government-regulated rationing
system. The system ensures that each citizen receives the appropriate quantity of goods based on their ration
card, which is a government-issued document indicating eligibility for subsidized goods. This system
primarily aims to address food security and prevent hoarding, ensuring that essential supplies reach the
intended recipients in a fair and timely manner.
In the ER diagram for the Ration Distribution System, various entities are involved, such as:
Citizen: Represents an individual who is eligible for rationing.
Ration Card: A key document tied to a citizen that specifies the amount and type of goods they are
entitled to.
Ration Item: The various items (like rice, wheat, etc.) that can be distributed through the rationing
system.
Transaction Details: The records of the distribution of goods to citizens, tracking quantities and
other details of the transaction.
RELATIONSHIPS
Owns: This relationship links a citizen to a ration card. It means each citizen owns one ration card.
Makes Transaction: This relationship connects a citizen to a transaction. It shows that each citizen
can make multiple transactions, like collecting rations.
Purchase: This relationship connects a ration card to ration items. It indicates that each ration card
can purchase multiple ration items.
Include: This relationship connects a transaction to the ration items. It indicates that each transaction
can include multiple ration items.
ER Diagram
Advantages
1. Efficient Tracking: The system allows easy tracking of citizens who are eligible to receive rations.
This reduces the chances of mismanagement or fraud because all records are stored electronically.
2. Transparency: It makes the distribution process transparent, ensuring that no one is left out or
receives more than their due share. This fosters trust among citizens in the government.
3. Accurate Data: The system maintains accurate data on the quantities of ration distributed to each
citizen. This ensures that everyone gets the correct amount, and there is no wastage.
4. Reduces Human Error: Since the process is automated, human errors in ration allocation are
minimized, which increases the accuracy of the distribution.
5. Better Monitoring: The system helps in monitoring the distribution of rations across various
regions. Authorities can easily identify any irregularities or shortages in certain areas .
Disadvantages
1. Technical Issues: Sometimes, the system might face technical issues or failures, which can delay the
distribution process. This can cause inconvenience to the people relying on the rations.
2. Dependency on Technology: The system depends on internet access and software, which may be a
challenge in remote or underdeveloped areas where technology is limited.
3. Initial Setup Cost: Setting up the Ration Distribution System requires a significant investment in
technology and infrastructure. This can be a burden for governments with limited resources.
4. Data Privacy Concerns: The system collects sensitive data about citizens, such as their personal
details and ration history. This can raise privacy concerns if the data is not properly secured or
misused.
5. Not Accessible to All: In areas with low literacy rates or poor access to technology, citizens may
find it difficult to use the system to get their rations. This could lead to some people being excluded
from the benefits.
Conclusion:
The Ration Distribution System is a valuable tool for ensuring that food and essential resources are
distributed efficiently and fairly to eligible citizens. However, like any system, it has its limitations and
challenges. With proper planning, monitoring, and continuous updates, these challenges can be overcome,
ensuring that the system works as intended for everyone.
