SECTION A

1. List five reservoir appurtenances in water storage (5 mks):

 Inlet valve

 Outlet valve

 Overflow pipe

 Drain valve

 Air vent

2. State five reasons why concrete is considered the best storage material (3 mks):

 Durability – Long lifespan and resistance to environmental factors.

 Strength – Can withstand high pressure and external forces.

 Thermal Insulation – Helps maintain a stable water temperature.

 Low Maintenance – Requires minimal upkeep compared to metal tanks.

 Non-Toxic – Does not react with water, ensuring safe storage.

3. Give five ways to interpret dimensions and measurements on plumbing drawings accurately (2
mks):

 Use a scale ruler for accurate proportioning.

 Refer to the legend for measurement units and symbols.

 Understand section and elevation views to gauge depth and height.

 Cross-check dimensions with specifications and site conditions.

 Use digital tools like CAD software for precision.

4. State ten essential housekeeping practices to maintain a clean and organized work area in
plumbing installations (5 mks):

 Dispose of waste materials properly.

 Store tools and equipment in designated areas.

 Keep walkways and workspaces clear.

 Regularly inspect and clean plumbing materials.

 Remove spills immediately to prevent accidents

 Secure loose wires and hose

 Use proper ventilation to reduce dust accumulation.

 Avoid storing unnecessary materials in the workspace

 Conduct regular housekeeping checks

5. Give seven ways to ensure personal protective equipment (PPE) is worn correctly (5 mks):

 Choose PPE that fits properly.

 Inspect PPE for damage before use.

 Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for proper wearing.

 Ensure helmets, gloves, and goggles are secured properly.

 Keep PPE clean and well-maintained.

 Replace worn-out or damaged PPE.

 Train workers on the correct usage of PPE.

6. Outline ways of ensuring proper alignment, leveling, and connection of storage systems and
ancillary appliances in a plumbing installation (5 mks):

 Use a spirit level to check alignment.

 Secure all fittings tightly using appropriate tools.

 Ensure correct pipe slopes for proper drainage.

 Check for leaks at connection points before commissioning.

 Conduct a pressure test to verify system integrity.

7. Draw a well-labeled bill of quantities (BOQ) for the construction of a classroom (10 mks):

(A BOQ is typically a tabulated document listing materials, labor, and costs. Let me know if you
need a sample format.)
8. State ten importance of water storage (5 mks):

 Ensures continuous supply during shortages.

 Supports firefighting operations.

 Helps in irrigation and farming.

 Reduces dependency on unreliable water sources.

 Prevents water wastage through better management.

 Stores rainwater for later use.

 Provides emergency water supply in disasters.

 Ensures clean and safe drinking water.

 Supports industrial and commercial applications.

 Reduces water supply costs in urban areas.

SECTION B

9. Describe five key elements and symbols commonly found in plumbing working drawings (9
mks):

 Pipe Symbols – Represent different types of pipes and flow direction.

 Valve Symbols – Indicate control devices like gate valves and check valves.

 Fixture Symbols – Show sinks, toilets, showers, and taps.

 Pump Symbols – Represent different types of pumps used in the system.

 Flow Arrows – Indicate the direction of water movement.

10. Describe ten types of pumps used in water storage systems (8 mks):

 Centrifugal Pump – Uses impellers to move water.

 Diaphragm Pump – Uses flexible diaphragms for suction and discharge.

 Reciprocating Pump – Uses pistons to create pressure and move water.

 Jet Pump – Uses high-pressure jets to lift water.

 Peristaltic Pump – Uses rollers to move water through a flexible tube.

 Gear Pump – Uses rotating gears to transfer fluid.

 Booster Pump – Increases pressure in water supply systems.

 Sump Pump – Removes excess water from basements or tanks.

 Screw Pump – Moves water using a rotating screw mechanism.

11. Highlight procedures used to respond to emergencies or accidents effectively and promptly
while adhering to safety protocols as a workshop attendant (7 mks):

 Assess the situation and ensure personal safety.

 Alert supervisors and emergency response teams.

 Administer first aid if trained.

 Contain hazards like gas leaks or electrical faults.

 Evacuate the area if required.

 Document the incident for safety records.

 Implement corrective measures to prevent recurrence.

12. Describe three tests done on storage systems and ancillary appliances (6 mks):

 Pressure Test – Checks for leaks by applying pressure.

 Flow Test – Ensures water flows at the correct rate.

 Leakage Test – Detects weak points in tanks and pipes.

13. Describe any seven types of pipe connections used in a building and give examples (12 mks):

14. Describe four common faults in cold water supply systems (8 mks):

 Leaks – Due to damaged or loose fittings.

 Airlocks – Trapped air preventing proper flow.

 Corrosion – Weakens pipes and leads to contamination.

15. Describe ten main methods employed for care and maintenance of plumbing tools (10 mks):

 Cleaning – Remove dirt and debris after use.

 Lubrication – Apply oil to prevent rust and friction.

 Proper Storage – Keep tools in designated areas.

 Inspection – Check for wear and damage.

 Sharpening – Maintain cutting tools for effectiveness.

 Rust Prevention – Use protective coatings.

 Calibration – Adjust tools for accurate measurements.

 Replacing Worn Parts – Ensure tools function properly.

 Safe Handling – Use tools for their intended purpose.

 Regular Training – Educate workers on proper tool care.