‫ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﺸﺌﺅﻥ ﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻭﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬

‫وﺣﺪة اﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ واﻟﺼﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﮭﻨﯿﺔ وﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﺌﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬

‫ﻛﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬

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 ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣـــــــــــﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺇﻁﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺫﻭﻟﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ – ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺩﻤﻴﺎﻁ ﻟﺩﻋﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺔ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ‬

‫ﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻅل ﺠﻭ ﺃﻜﺎﺩﻴﻤﻲ ﻤﻔﻌﻡ ﺒﺎﻷﻤﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻴﺴﻌﻰ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﺸﺌﻭﻥ ﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻭﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﻀﻊ ﺨﻁﺔ ﺇﺴﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻴﺔ ﺸﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﺘﻜﻔل ﻟﻠﻁﻼﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻵﻤﻥ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻟﺘﻁﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺇﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺒﻭﻀﻊ ﺩﻟﻴل ﻴﺸﻤل ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻴﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﻭ ﻴﺸﺭﺡ ﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﻤل ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﻜل ﻤﻥ ﻴﻌﻤل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻲ ﻭﻓﻕ‬

‫ﺇﺭﺸﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻤﻠﺯﻤﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻨﺄﻤل ﻤﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺯ ﻭﺠل ﺃﻥ ﺘﺴﻬﻡ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺄﻫﻴل ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮﯾﺎت اﻟﺪﻟﯿﻞ‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﺇﺸﺘﺭﺍﻁﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺠﺏ ﺃﺘﺒﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺩﺍﻭﻟﺔ‬
‫‪8‬‬ ‫ﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻭﻙ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻡ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫ﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‬
‫‪10‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻤﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﻟﻸﻤﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ‬
‫‪11‬‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺠﺏ ﺃﺤﺘﺭﻤﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫‪14‬‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻌﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫‪16‬‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﻋﻭﺍﻤل ﺍﻹﻁﻔﺎﺀ‬
‫‪22‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫‪26‬‬ ‫ﺇﺭﺸﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ‬

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 ‫ﺍﻻﻤﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺘﺠﺭﻱ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻭﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﺒﻪ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﺼﻠﺒﺔ ﻭﺴﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﺒﻪ ﻏﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﻭﺃﺒﺨﺭﺓ ﻭﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ ﺁﻤﻨﺎ ﻏﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻥ ﻟﻭ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺠﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻭﺘﺘﻭﻓﺭ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﺸﺘﺭﺍﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻴﻨﺸﺄ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻥ‪:‬‬
‫• ﺍﻹﻫﻤﺎل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻗﺩ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺯﺠﺎﺠﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﻹﻫﻤﺎل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻤﺜل ﺍﻹ ﻫﻤﺎل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻨﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺼﻼﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻤﻘﺎﺩﻴﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﺨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺭﺘﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺇﺸﺘﺭﺍﻁﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺘﺜﻘﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﻁﻼﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﻭﺇﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻤﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺭﺉ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻗﺒ ل ﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺇﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺍﺘﺒﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎل ﻭﻗﻭﻉ ﺤﺎﺩﺙ ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺭﺉ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﻭﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﻗﻔل ﺼﻤﺎﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﻭﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺇﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺭﺉ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ )ﺩﺵ‪ ،‬ﻏﺴل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﺴﻌﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻁﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﻕ‪ ،‬ﻁﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﻕ ﻭﺘﺴﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﺯﺌﺒﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺦ‪(...‬‬

‫‪ .5‬ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﻫﻭﺍﺘﻑ ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺭﺉ ﺒﺎﻟﻘﺭﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺘﻑ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .6‬ﺇﺠﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺩﺭﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺨﻁﺔ ﺍﻻﺨﻼﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺴﺎﺱ ﻤﻨﺘﻅﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻹﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺠﺏ ﺃﺘﺒﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺩﺍﻭﻟﺔ‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬

‫• ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺵ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻟﺠﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺴﻨﻭﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗل‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺒﻭﺍﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

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 ‫• ﻋﺩﻡ ﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻤﻭﺡ ﺒﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻔﺎﻅ ﺒﺴﺠل ﻟﺤﺼﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺩﺍﻭﻟﺔ ﻤﺘﻀﻤﻨﺎﹰ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﻜل ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺒﺴﺠل ﻟﺭﺼﺩ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﻭﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎل ﻟﺨﻁﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻋﺩﻡ ﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻘﺎﻋﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ ﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻭﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﻤﻥ ﻜل ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﺍﻹ ﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎل ﻋﻨﺩ ﻨﻘل ﻭﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﻭﺘﺩﺍﻭل ﻭﺇﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﻤﻥ ﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻭﻀﻊ ﺒﻁﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺩﺍﻭﻟﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤل ﻤﻭﻀﺤﺎﹰ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻻﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﺩﺭﺠـﺔ ﺨﻁﻭﺭﺘﻬـﺎ‬

‫ﻭﺇﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻭﺇﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺭﺉ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺤﺼل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺫﻜﻭﺭﺓ ﻓﻰ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺭﻴﺩ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺒﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﺭﻁﺎﻥ ﻭﺘﻌﺭﻴﻔﻬﻡ ﻭﺘﺒﺼﻴﺭﻫﻡ ﺒﻤﺨﺎﻁﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﺒﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ‬

‫ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻁﺭ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (2‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬

‫• ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺼﻕ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻗﺒل ﺇﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻪ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺍﺭﺘﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﻔﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻤﺔ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻻ ﺘﻠﻤﺱ ﺃﻱ ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﺒﻴﺩﻴﻙ ﻭﻻﺒﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺇﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻌﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬

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 ‫• ﺇﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺤﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺨﻥ ﻟﺘﺴﺨﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻭﺍﺌل ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺒﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺸﺘﻌﺎل‪.‬‬

‫• ﻋﻨﺩ ﺘﺨﻔﻴﻑ ﺍﻻﺤﻤﺎﺽ ﻻﺒﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻁﺭﺓ ﺒﺒﻁﺀ ﻭﻟﻴﺱ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺱ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻻ ﺘﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﺘﺤﺕ ﺃﻨﻔﻙ ﻭﻻ ﺘﺴﺘﻨﺸﻕ ﺍﻷﺒﺨﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭﺍﻋﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﻟﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬

‫أ( ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺘﺨﺰﯾﻦ‬

‫• ﻻ ﺒﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺩﻭﺍﻟﻴﺏ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻑ ﻗﻭﻱ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺘﺄﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﻓﻭﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﺍﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺭﻀﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﺒﻭﺍﺏ ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﻟﺩﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻗﻔﺎل‪.‬‬

‫• ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭﺍﻟﻴﺏ ﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻁﻼﺏ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺘﻬﻭﻴﺔ ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻘﻪ ﻜﺎﻓﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﻭﺘﻨﻅﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺃﺒﺠﺩﻴﺎ ﻀﻤﻥ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻤﺘﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺏ( ﻓﺼل ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ‬

‫• ﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺤﻤﺎﺽ ﻓﻲ ﺨﺯﺍﻨﺔ ﻤﺨﺼﺹ ﻟﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

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 ‫• ﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺸﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺨﺼﺹ ﻟ ﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻤﻊ ﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻁﺎﻴﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺨﺯﺍﻨﺔ ﺠﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻭﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻭﺍﺌل ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺒﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺸﺘﻌﺎل ﻓﻰ ﻤﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻭﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻬﻭﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻤﻊ ﻀﺭﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﻤل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﺩﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺝ( ﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬

‫• ﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺠﻴﺩﺓ ﻭﻤﺘﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻤﻊ ﻤﺤﺘﻭﻴﺎﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻜل ﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﺒﻭﻀﻭﺡ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ ﺒﻌﻴﺩﺍ ﻋﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺼﻭل ﻟﻬﺎ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺭﺡ ﺒﻪ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻻ ﺘﻤﻸ ﺤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎ؛ ﻭﺘﺘﺭﻙ ﻋﺩﺓ ﺒﻭﺼﺎﺕ ﺨﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻱ ﻤﻥ ﻜل ﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺘﻤﻴﻴﺯ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﺒﻭﻀﻊ ﻋﻼﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﺭﺸﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻭﻙ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻡ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺭﺘﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻁﻼﺏ ﻟﻤﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ ) ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻗﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻁﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﻔﺎﺯﺍﺕ(‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻻ ﺘﺘﺭﻙ ﺍﻟﻁﻼﺏ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺇﺸﺭﺍﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‪.‬‬

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 ‫‪ .3‬ﻻ ﻴﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻠﺯﻭﺍﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺩﺨﻭ ل ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺭﺡ ﺒﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﻻ ﺘﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻠﻁﻼﺏ ﺒﺎﺍﺘﺨﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .5‬ﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﻁﻼﺏ ﺒﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺇﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺭﺉ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .6‬ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻓﻭﺭﺍ ﻋﻥ ﺃﻱ ﺘﺴﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﺍﻭﺤﺎﺩﺙ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺇﺼﺎﺒﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺤﺩﻭﺜﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .7‬ﻜﻥ ﺤﺫﺭﺍ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﺯﺠﺎﺠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺨﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .8‬ﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺩﻡ ﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺫﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺒﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺸﺘﻌﺎل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻁﺔ ﺒﺎ ﻟﻬﺏ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .9‬ﺇﻴﻘﺎﻑ ﺘﺸﻐﻴل ﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺃﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺩﻓﺌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻨﻔﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺼﻤﺎﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﻻ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻗﻴﺩ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل‬

‫ﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺇﺒﻘﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻴﺩﻴﻥ ﺒﻌﻴﺩﺍ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻭﺠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻔﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺇﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻻ ﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﺒﺩﺍ ﺇﺼﻁﺤﺎﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺍﻟﻁﻌﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺭﺍﺏ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﻏﺴل ﺍﻟﻴﺩﻴﻥ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻔﺎﺯﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺒل ﻤﻐﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﻱ ﻤﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﻟﻠﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ )ﺃﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻔﺎﺯﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﻁﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ ‪ ،‬ﻨﻅﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺎﻴﻪ( ﻓﻰ ﺍﻻﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺼﺼﻪ ﻟﺤﻔﻅﻬﺎ ﻗﺒل ﻤﻐﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻤﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﻟﻸﻤﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ‬

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 ‫ﺍﺭﺸﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﺠﺏ ﺍﺤﺘﺭﺍﻤﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻊ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺍﻹﺭﺸﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺠﺒﺎﺭﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺍﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺩﻻل ﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺍﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺨﻁﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺍﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﺤﺫﻴﺭ‬
‫‪ –1‬ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻊ‪ :‬ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺒﻠﻭﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺭ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﺤﺫﻴﺭﻴﺔ ﻏﺎﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻫﻤﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﻤﻭﻀﺢ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ‪:‬‬

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 ‫‪ - 2‬ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺠﺒﺎﺭﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺘﺩل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺠﺏ ﺍﺘﺨﺎﺫﻫﺎ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻟﺒﺩﺀ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺒﺭﻱ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻟﻭﻥ ﺃﺯﺭﻕ‬

‫‪- 3‬ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺩﻻل ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ‪ :‬ﻫﻲ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﻭﺠﻴﻬﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺇﺘﺒﺎﻋﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﺭﺌﺔ‪ ,‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻟﻭﻥ ﺃﺨﻀﺭ‪:‬‬

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 ‫‪ -4‬ﺍﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺨﻁﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺘﺩل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﻗﻊ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬

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 ‫‪-5‬ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺫﻴﺭ‪ :‬ﺘﺩل ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﺩﻨﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺤﺘﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻹﺴﻌﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺃ‪ /‬ﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺤﺩﻭﺙ ﺤﺭﻭﻕ ﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﻠﺩ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻨﺯﻉ ﺒﺤﺫﺭ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻭﺙ ﻟﻠﻤﺼﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﺤﺫﺭ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻠﻭﺙ ﻨﻔﺴﻙ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺼﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺒﻭﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﺔ ﻟﻤﺩﺓ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺩﻗﺎﺌﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗل‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﺃﻋﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ )‪ (2‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺘﺒﻘﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻓﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺠﻠﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﺍﻗﺭﺃ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻷﻤﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺤﺎل ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺴﺎﻤﺔ ﻴﻨﻘل ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ‪.‬‬

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 ‫‪ .5‬ﻏﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﺔ ﺒﺭﺒﺎﻁ ﻤﻌﻘﻡ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .6‬ﻻ ﺘﻐﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﺔ ﺒﻤﺭﻫﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺩﻫﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﺏ‪ /‬ﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺤﺩﻭﺙ ﺤﺭﻭﻕ ﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻴﻥ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺼﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ )ﺒﺒﻁﺀ( ﻤﻥ ﻏﺴﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺒﻭﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﺔ ﻟﻤﺩﺓ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺩﻗﺎﺌﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻗل‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻥ ﻤﻔﺘﻭﺤﺔ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﻴﻐﺴل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻥ ﻭﻴﺘﺴﺭﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﻏﻁﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻥ ﺒﺭﺒﺎﻁ ﻤﻌﻘﻡ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﺘﻬﺩﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺏ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .5‬ﺃﺨﺫ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺏ ﻓﻭﺭﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .6‬ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻌﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ‪.‬‬

‫ﺝ‪ -‬ﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺤﺩﻭﺙ ﺘﺴﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻴﻁﻠﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻓﻭﺭﺍ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤل ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻤﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺼﺹ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻴﺠﺏ ﺇﻁﻔﺎﺀ ﻤﻭﺍﻗﺩ ﺒﻨﺯﻥ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﻏﻠﻕ ﺼﻨﺒﻭﺭ ﻜل ﺍﺴﻁﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻌﻤل ‪.‬‬

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 ‫‪ .4‬ﻻ ﻴﺸﻌل ﻭ ﻻ ﻴﻁﻔﺊ ﺍﻟﻀﻭﺀ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .5‬ﻓﺘﺢ ﻨﻭﺍﻓﺫ ﻭ ﺍﺒﻭﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤل ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .6‬ﺍﺨﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺭﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤل ﺴﺭﻴﻌﺎﹰ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﻋﻭﺍﻤل ﺍﻹﻁﻔﺎﺀ‬

‫‪ -1‬ﻁﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﻐﻭﻁ ) ‪( A‬‬

‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ ﺍﺴﻁﻭﺍﻨﺔ ﻤﻌﺒﺎﺓ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﺘﺤﺕ ﻀﻐﻁ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺨﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻹﻁﻔﺎﺀ ﺤﺭﺍﺌﻕ ﺍﻷﺨﺸﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻙ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺌﻕ ﻨﻭﻉ )‪ .(A‬ﻭﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ‪..‬‬

‫ﺍﻨﺘﺒﻪ ‪ ..‬ﻻ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺇﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ ﻹﻁﻔﺎﺀ ﺤﺭﺍﺌﻕ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺤﺭﺍﺌﻕ ﺍﻟﺯﻴﻭﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺤﻭﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﺘﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﻁﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﻨﺒﺜﻕ ﺒﻔﻌل ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻅ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺞ ﻋﻥ ﻋﺒﻭﺓ ﻤﻌﺒﺌﺔ ﺒﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﺃﻜﺴﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺭﺒﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﻐﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺯﻭﺝ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻤﻴﻠﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻁﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﺘﻌﻤل‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺨﻔﻴﺽ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﻌﻠﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻴﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﺭﻁﻭﻡ ﺇﻤﺎ ﻤﺘﻔﺭﻋﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻨﻭﻉ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﻤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪-2‬ﻁﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﻏﻭﺓ )‪(B‬‬

‫ﺍﺴﻁﻭﺍﻨﺔ ﻤﻌﺒﺄﺓ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻋﻀﻭﻴﺔ ﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﺭﻏﻭﺓ )ﺍﻟﻔﻭﻡ( ﻭﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻁﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﻹﻁﻔﺎﺀ ﺤﺭﺍﺌﻕ ﺍﻟﺯﻴﻭﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺘﺭﻭل ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺤﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﺼﺒﺎﻍ )ﺤﺭﺍﺌﻕ ﻨﻭﻉ ‪ ،(B‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻤﻤﺎﺜﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻁﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﻴﻜﻤﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺨﻠﻲ ﻴﻤﺘﺯﺝ ﺒﺎﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﻟﻁﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘـﺔ ﻓﻨﺘـﺭﻱ‬
‫)ﺍﻷﻨﺒﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺠﻲ ﺒﻪ ﺜﻘﺏ ﻴﺸﻔﻁ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ ﺒﻔﻌل ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﻟﻴﻤﺯﺠﻪ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ(‪ .‬ﺘﻌﻤل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺯل ﺴﻁﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻷﻜﺴﺠﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻻﺤﺘﻭﺍﺌﻪ ﺍﻟﻤـﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴـﺙ ﺘﻁﻔـﻭ‬
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 ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻏﻭﺓ ﻓﺔﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﺘﺤﺠﺏ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻜﺴﺠﻴﻥ ﻭﺘﺒﺭﺩﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺘﻤﻨﻌﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﺸﺘﻌﺎل ﻤﺠﺩﺩﺍ ‪. ..‬ﺃﻨﺘﺒﻪ ‪ ..‬ﻻ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺇﺴـﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻁﻔﺎﻴـﺔ ﻤـﻊ ﺤﺭﺍﺌـﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴﺯﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻲ‬

‫‪ -3‬ﻁﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﺃﻜﺴﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺭﺒﻭﻥ )‪(B C‬‬

‫ﺍﺴﻁﻭﺍﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺏ ﺘﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﺍﻜﺴﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺭﺒﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺘﻡ ﻀﻐﻁﻪ ﻟﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻹﺴﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻹﻁﻔﺎﺀ ﺤﺭﺍﺌﻕ ﺍﻟﺯﻴﻭﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺤﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﺼﺒﺎﻍ ﻭﺤﺭﺍﺌﻕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻭﺍﺌل ﺴﺭﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻻﺸﺘﻌﺎل )‪ .(B , C‬ﻴﻌﻤل ﻏﺎﺯ ﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﺃﻜﺴﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺭﺒﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜﺒﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺏ ﺒﻔﻌل ﺍﻟﻌﺯل ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺭﻴﺩ ‪ ،‬ﻴﻨﻁﻠﻕ ﺒﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ ) ‪ 76‬ﺘﺤﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺭ ( ﻭﺘﺤﺕ ﻀﻐﻁ‬
‫‪ 270 : 200‬ﺒﺎﺭ ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺒﺎ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻁﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﻀﻌﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻁﻠﻕ‪ ،‬ﺘﺘﺒﺩﺩ ﺒﻔﻌل ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺢ‪ ،‬ﺘﺼﺩﺭ ﺼﻭﺘﺎﹰ ﻗﻭﻴﺎﹰ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‪.‬‬
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 ‫ﻴﻨﻔﺭﺩ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ ﺒﺘﻔﺎﻋل ﻋﺠﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ ﻴﺘﺤﻭل ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟ ﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺒﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟـﺔ ﺍﻟـﺴﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﻴﺴﻤﻰ ﺒﺎﻟﺜﻠﺞ ﺍﻟﻜﺭﺒﻭﻨﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -4‬ﻁﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻭﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻓﺔ)‪(D‬‬

‫ﺍﺴﻁﻭﺍﻨﺔ ﻤﻌﺒﺄﺓ ﺒﺎﻟﺒﻭﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻹﻁﻔﺎﺀ ﺤﺭﺍﺌﻕ ﺍﻟﻜﺤﻭل ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺘﺭﻭل ﻭﺍﻷﺼﺒﺎﻍ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺴﺭﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻻﺸﺘﻌﺎل ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌـﺎﺩﻥ ) ﻤﺎﻏﻨـﺴﻴﻭﻡ ‪ -‬ﺼـﻭﺩﻴﻭﻡ ‪-‬‬
‫ﺒﻭﺘﺎﺴﻴﻭﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺘﻌﻤل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺯل ﺴﻁﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﻌﻠﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -5‬ﻁﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻟﻭﻥ ) ﺃﺒﺨﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻭﺍﺌل ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻤﺩﺓ(‬

‫ﻻ ﻴﻔﻀل ﺇﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻷﺒﺨﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺠﺔ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺴﺎﻤﺔ ﻭﺘﺅﺜﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻠﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻷﻨﻪ ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠـﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻠـﻭﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺭﻭﻡ ﻭﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﻏﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﺴﺎﻤﺔ ﻭﺘﺅﺜﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﺒﻘﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﺯﻭﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﻤﻁﻔﺄ ﺠﻴﺩ ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺌﻕ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -6‬ﺒﻁﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﻕ‬

‫ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻏﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﻕ )ﺒﻁﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﻕ( ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﺒﺦ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺴﺤﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺒﺔ ﻭﻓﺘﺤﻬﺎ ﺒﺎﻟﻜﺎﻤل ﻭﺘﻐﻁﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﻕ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻷﻜﺴﺠﻴﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﻰ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺒﺅﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ‬

‫ﺘﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺅﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻁﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻨﻭﻉ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭﺓ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻨﺴﺒﻴﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺴﻭﻤﺎﺕ‪:‬‬

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 ‫ﻤﺭﺍﺤل ﺇﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻁﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﻕ‬

‫اﻟﺮﻣﺰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺻﻒ‬

‫‪P‬‬ ‫إﺳﺤﺐ ﻣﺴﻤﺎر اﻷﻣﺎن‬
‫ﺣﺮك اﻟﻄﻔﺎﯾﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﻵﺧﺮ‬

‫‪A‬‬ ‫وﺟﮫ اﻟﺨﺮﻃﻮم إﻟﻰ ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬

‫اﻟﺤﺮﯾﻖ‬

‫‪S‬‬ ‫اﺿﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎح‬

‫‪S‬‬ ‫ﺣﺮك اﻟﻄﻔﺎﯾﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﻵﺧﺮ‬

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 ‫ ﻤﺜﻠﺙ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﻕ‬:(1) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل‬

‫ ﻫﺭﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﻕ‬:(2) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل‬

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 ‫ﺇﺭﺸﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺇﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺇﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺭ ﻫﻲ ﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﺒﺩﻴﻬﻴﺔ ﻓﻨﺤﻥ ﻨﺒﺘﻌﺩ ﻋﻤﺎ ﻴﺅﺫﻴﻨﺎ ﺘﻠﻘﺎﺌﻴﺎﹰ ﺒﻤﺠﺭﺩ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺘﻨﺎ ﺒﻤﺼﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﻋﻤﻭﻤﺎﹰ ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻤﺼﺩﺭ ﺨﻁﺭ ﻓﺄﻗل ﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﻠﻭﺜﺔ ﻭﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻤﻬﻴﺠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻵﺨﺭ ﺤﺎﺭﻕ ﺃﻱ ﺘﺴﺒﺏ ﺘﺂﻜل ﻓﻲ ﺃﻨﺴﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻨﺴﻜﺒﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺴﺎﻤﺔ‪ .‬ﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﻨﻘﺩﻡ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺇﺭﺸﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺇﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺎﺤﺜﻴﻥ ﻭﻤﺴﺎﻋﺩﻴﻬﻡ ﻭﻁﻼﺏ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ ﻭﻟﻠﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺩﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻁﻼﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴـﺔ ﻭﻟﻠﻔﻨﻴـﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻀﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺭ‪ .‬ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻹﺭﺸﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻹﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻨﺘﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻨﻠﺘﺯﻡ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺒﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻀﺭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﻗﻌﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﻴﺭﺍﻋﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻁﻼﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻭﻀﺢ ﺇﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺠﺏ ﺇﺘﺨﺎﺫﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻤﺴﺘﻘل ﻭﻴﻔﺭﺩ ﻟﻬـﺎ ) ﻓﻘـﺭﺓ ( ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﻤﻠﺯﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﻼﺏ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻷﻥ ﺘﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻹﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺴﺘﻬل ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀﻫﺎ ﺴﻭﻑ ﻴﻐﺭﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻫﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻁﺭ‬

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 ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺴﻭﺀ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻁﺌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺇﺠﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻻ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﻟﻠﻁﺎﻟﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻭل ﻋﻠﻴﻬـﺎ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺇﺴﺘﻴﻌﺎﺒﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺒﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺴﺘﺎﺫﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺩﻴﻥ ﻭﻟﻠﻔﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻀﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻴﻠﺯﻡ ﻋﻤل ﻗﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻜل ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻼﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎل ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺘﻨﺎﻭﻟﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﺠﺩﺕ ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﺴﺭﻁﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺘﺨﺎﺫ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺇﻴﺠـﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺒﺩﻴل ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﻥ ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺃﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﺇﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤ ﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻁﻼﺏ )ﻜﺄﻥ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺃﻗﻠﻬﺎ ﻀﺭﺭﺍﹰ(‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﻴﺠﺏ ﺘﻌﺒﺌﺔ ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ )ﺇﺴﺘﻤﺎﺭﺓ( ﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﻭﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺭﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺴﺎﺘﺫﺓ ﻭﻤﺤﻀﺭﻴﻥ ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻴﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﻊ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﻭﺘﻌﻤل ﺘﺭﺘﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺇﻀﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻹﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺘﺤﺴﺒﺎﹰ ﻷﻱ ﻁﺎﺭﺉ ﻭﻴﺭﺍﻋﻰ ﺇﺴـﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻋﻼﻤـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺼﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .5‬ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻡ ﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺏ ﻭﻤﺭﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﻓﻕ ﻭﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﻓﻕ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .6‬ﻋﻤل ﻤﻠﺼﻘﺎﺕ ﻤﻜﺒﺭﺓ ﻭﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ ﺒﺈﺭﺸﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺇﺘﺒﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻟﻁﻼﺏ ﻭﺇﻟﺯﺍﻤﻬﻡ ﺒﺎﻹﻁﻼ ﻉ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻹﻫﻤﺎل‪.‬‬

‫‪ .7‬ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺤﺼﻭل ﺤﺎﺩﺙ ﺃﻭ ﺤﺭﻴﻕ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤل ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻗﺘﻀﻰ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺇﻴﻘﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﻴﺠﺏ ﻋﻤل ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫• ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﻹﻴﻘﺎﻑ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ‪.‬‬

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 ‫• ﺇﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺇﻁﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﻕ ﻹﻴﻘﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺏ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻤﺭﺍﺭ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻗﻁﻊ ﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻲ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺇﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﻤل ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻨﺴﻜﺎﺏ ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺜﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻡ ﻴﻜﻥ ﺫﻭ ﻤﻔﻌﻭل ﻋﻜﺴﻲ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﻹﺨﻼﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ )ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﺯﻡ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ( ﻭﻴﺘﻡ ﻜﺎﻷﺘﻰ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﺠﺭﺱ ﺍﻹﻨﺫﺍﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺍﻹﺨﻼﺀ ﺒﻬﺩﻭﺀ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻻ ﻴﺘﺴﺒﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺇﺜﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺫﻋﺭ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﻴﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻀﺭ ﻫﻤﺎ ﺁﺨﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻴﺨﺭﺝ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻠﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﻼﺏ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺭﻫﻡ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺘﻌﺒﺌﺔ ﺍﺴﺘﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ‪.‬‬

‫ﺇﺭﺸﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻁﻼﺏ‬

‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻁﻼﺏ ﻴﺠﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﺍﻹﻁﻼﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺭﺸﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺒﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻹﻫﻤﺎل ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻙ ﺃﺨﻲ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺏ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺘﺫﻜﺭ ﺩﺍﺌﻤﺎﹰ‪:‬‬

‫• ﺃﻥ ﺴﻼﻤﺘﻙ ﻭﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺯﻤﻼﺌﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺎﺘﻘﻙ ﺃﻨﺕ ﺃﻭﻻﹰ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺃﻥ ﺘﻠﺒﺱ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻗﻴﺔ ﻟﺤﻤﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺃﻥ ﺘﻨﺒﻪ ﺯﻤﻼﺌﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻁﺔ ﺒﻬﻡ ﺇﻥ ﻭﺠﺩﺕ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺃﻥ ﺘﻠﺒﺱ ﺴﺘﺭﺓ ﻟﺤﻤﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻼﺒﺴﻙ ﻭﺠﺴﻤﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻜﺒﺔ‪.‬‬

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 ‫• ﺃﻥ ﺘﺒﺘﻌﺩ ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻭﺍﺌل ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺒﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺸﺘﻌﺎل ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺃﻥ ﺘﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯﻫﺎ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺃﻥ ﺘﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺴﺤﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻭﺍﺌل ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺁﻤﻨﺔ ﻭﺒﺈﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺼﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺃﻥ ﺘﺅﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﺒﺤﺭﺹ ﻭﻫﺩﻭﺀ ﻭﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻟﺘﻼﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺃﻥ ﺘﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﻤﻬﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺼﻐﻴﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺃﻥ ﺘﻐﺴل ﻴﺩﻴﻙ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﻬﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺃﻥ ﺘﻠﺒﺱ ﺍﻟﻘﻔﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻜﺴﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻷﻜﺎﻟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺃﻥ ﺘﺴﺄل ﺍﻷﺴﺘﺎﺫ ﻋﻥ ﻤﺎ ﻻ ﺘﻌﺭﻑ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺃﻥ ﺘﺯﻴل ﺍﻟﻐﺘﺭﺓ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻹﺒﺘﺩﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺇﺠﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺃﻥ ﺘﻠﺘﺯﻡ ﺒﺈﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﻜل ﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﺠﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻙ ﺃﺨﻲ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺏ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺤﺫﺭ ﺩﺍﺌﻤﺎﹰ‪:‬‬

‫• ﻤﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺸﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺘﺴﺘﻨﺸﻕ ﺭﻭﺍﺌﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻤﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻠﻤﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺘﺘﺫﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻤﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‪.‬‬

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 ‫• ﻤﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻭﺠﻪ ﺃﻨﺒﻭﺒﺔ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺨﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺏ ﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﻭﺠﻬﻙ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻤﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻘﺘﺭﺏ ﺒﺈﺼﺒﻌﻙ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺃﺴﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺏ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻤﻥ ﻤﺤﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺯﺠﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﺼﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻘﻭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺃﺨﺫ ﺍﻹﺫﻥ ﺒﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻤﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺄﻜل ﺃﻭ ﺘﺸﺭﺏ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺩﺨﻴﻥ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺇﺭﺸﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺭ‪:‬‬

‫• ﺍﻗﺭﺃ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻭﺓ ﺠﻴﺩﺍﹰ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﺃﻨﻙ ﺘﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺘﺤﺫﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﻭﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻋﺩﻡ ﺇﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﺩﻡ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺘﺤﺫﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺇﺴﺘﻌﻤل ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻊ ﻜل ﻤﺎﺩﺓ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺇﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻭﺓ ﺒﺤﺫﺭ‪.‬‬

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 ‫• ﺇﻨﻘل ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺭﻴﺩﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻭﺓ ﺒﺤﺫﺭ ﻭﺒﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺸﺎﻗﻬﺎ ﺃﻗل ﻤﺎ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺃﻨﻘل ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺭﻴﺩﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻭﺓ ﺒﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﺘﺼﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﺒﺎﻟﺠﻠﺩ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺍﻨﻘل ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺭﻴﺩﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻭﺓ ﺒﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻋﺩﻡ ﻭﺼﻭل ﺃﻱ ﺸﻲﺀ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻥ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺘﺠﻨﺏ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﺃﻭ ﻟﻤﺱ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻭﺜﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻴﺠﺏ ﺃﻻ ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻔﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻭﺜﺔ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺘﻑ ﺃﻭ ﻤﺎ ﺸﺎﺒﻪ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻤل ﻗﻔﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﻨﻅﻴﻔﺔ ﺩﺍﺌﻤﺎﹰ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺃﻗﻔل ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻭﺓ ﺠﻴﺩﺍﹰ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﻬﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎﻟﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻴﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺩﺨﻴﻥ ﺒﺘﺎﺘﺎﹰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻻ ﺘﺄﻜل ﺃﻭ ﺘﺸﺭﺏ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺍﻏﺴل ﻴﺩﻴﻙ ﺩﺍﺌﻤﺎﹰ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﻬﺎﺀ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻤل ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﻨﻅﻴﻔﺔ ﻭﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻠﻭﺜﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺍﻟﺒﺱ ﺴﺘﺭﺓ ﻨﻅﻴﻔﺔ ﺩﺍﺌﻤﺎﹰ ﻭﺍﻏﺴﻠﻪ ﻜﻠﻤﺎ ﻟﺯﻡ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺇﺫﺍ ﺘﻌﺭﻀﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺇﺴﺘﻌﻤل ﺍﻹﺴﻌﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺏ ﻟﻜل ﻤﺎﺩﺓ‪.‬‬

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 ‫• ﻻ ﺘﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻘﺎﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺤﻭﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺭﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻭﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺒﻭﺍﺕ ﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺒﺎﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺘﺜﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﺴﻁﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ ﺒﺎﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ )ﺇﻥ ﻭﺠﺩﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫• ﻴﻔﻀل ﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﺩﻴﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺨﻁﻭﺭﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻋﻼﺝ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻟﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺇﺭﺸﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﻗﻭﺍﻋﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻴﺠﺏ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺠﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺠﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻭﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻴﺠﺏ ﻋﺯل ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻋﻥ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻻﺸﺘﻌﺎل‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﺘﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺒﻌﻴﺩﺍﹰ ﻋﻥ ﻤﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺍﻷﻴﺩﻱ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﺘﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺒﻌﻴﺩﺍﹰ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻷﺸﺨﺎﺹ ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ ﻟﻴﺱ ﻟﻬﻡ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺼﻌﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻭل ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .5‬ﺘﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻤﻨﻔﺼل ﻋﻥ ﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻠﺯﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ ﺒﻐﺭﺽ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .6‬ﺍﻓﺤﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﻥ ﻵﺨﺭ ﻭﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﻬﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .7‬ﺨﺫ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻁﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺫﺭ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻨﻘل ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻵﺨﺭ ﻤﻊ ﻤﺭﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﻤﻠﺼﻘﺎﺕ ﻭﺘﺼﻨﻴﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .8‬ﻴﺭﺍﻋﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﻓﻕ ﻭﻋﺩم اﻟﺘﻮاﻓﻖ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻜﯿﻤﺎوﯾﺎت واﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺮرة ﺑﯿﻨﮭﺎ‪.‬‬

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